译林版牛津英语八年级下册Unit-1知识点+测试卷

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 1 Past and past内容全解Part One Comic strip重点全解1、 past and present.（P 6） past n. 过去，以前；in the past “在过去”adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过 walk past the post office走过邮局 presentadj. 现在的; 目前的; 出席的n. 现在; 礼物; at present 现在 ； a present for you给你的礼物2、 Ive just eaten it.（P 6）j

2、ust作副词，表示“刚刚”，通常与现在完成时连用。just now意为“刚才”相当于a moment ago，通常和一般过去时连用。例如：I have just heard the news.He left just now.3、 You used to share food with me.（P 6） used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”，暗含“现在不再”之意，后接动词原形，疑问形式可以直接将used提到句首，或者借助助动词did；否定式可以直接在used后面加not，或者用didnt。used to do sth. “过去常常做某事” I used to go to scho

3、ol by bus. be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”I am used to living here now. be used to do/for sth. “被用来做某事” share 及物动词，意为“共享，共用”，常用结构为share sth. with sb.“与某人共享某物”。例如：He shares a room with his twin brother.4、 You used to be so kind to me.（P 6）kind“有好的，友善的”，be kind to“对友好”。例如：We should be kind to other

4、s.Part Two Welcome to the unit重点全解1、 Why didnt you take a bus?（P 7）take+a/the+表示交通工具的名词，在句中作谓语。by+表示交通工具的名词，或者介词in/on+表示交通工具的名词，在句中作状语。例如：He takes a bus to school.= He goes to school by bus.2、 Well, there were always too many people on the bus and it took a long time to wait for the next one. （P 7）

5、too many意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数。too much同样表示“太多”，修饰不可数名词。much too意为“太”，用来修饰形容词和副词，表示程度。例如：There are too many books in the box.I have too much homework to do today.Its much too hot today. take可用来表示“花费”，常用结构为“It takes/took (sb). some time to do sth.”意为“花费（某人）多长时间做某事”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。例如：It took me three

6、 hours to finish the housework. wait for sb./sth. “等待某人/某物”，wait to do sth.“等待做某事”，cant wait to do sth. “迫不及待做某事”。例如：They are waiting for the bus.The children cant wait to open the present box.Part Three Reading重点全解1、 .so Millie is interviewing him to get some information.（P 8）interview 作及物动词，表示“采访”

7、 interview sb. “采访某人”；interview还可以作名词，表示“采访某人”时，后面加上介词with，have an interview with sb. “采访某人”例如： The interview with the famous writer is great.2、Ive lived here since I was born. （P 8）since作连词，表示“自以来”，引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。例如：He has worked in this company since he graduated from college.since也可以

8、用作介词，后面加上表示过去的时间点，同样和现在完成时连用。例如：The family have lived here since three years ago.结构“It has been/is+时间段+since+一般过去时”表示“自从已经多长时间了”。例如：It has been/is five years since they got married.3、Have you ever moved house? （P 8） ever作副词，意为“曾经”。例如：-Have you ever thought of changing a job? - No, never. move可以表示“搬家

9、，迁居”，move to some place“搬往某地”。例如：They moved to Shanghai last year.4、I first lived in the northern part of town with my parents. （P 8） in the northern part of town=in the north of town“在城镇的北部”，表示东西南北的方位名词加上“ern”构成形容词。A 英语中表示两地位置关系时，in表示“在范围之内”，on表示“两地接壤”，to表示“两地相望，中间有间隔”。 CB B is in the east of A. C

10、is on the east of A. C is to the east of B.5、When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then. （P 8） get married“结婚”表示动作，be married表示状态，因此get married不可以和一段时间状语连用，be married可以和一段时间状语连用。例如：They have been married for ten years. marry可以做及物动词，意为“嫁给某人，

11、把嫁给”。例如：She married a rich man.He married her daughter to a foreigner. be/get married to sb.“与某人结婚”例如：Will you get married to him?6、Has the town changed a lot over the years?（P 8）over the years意为“在这几年间”，over这里作介词，表示“在期间”，相当于during。例如：He has learned a lot in the company over the years.7、 Now the gove

12、rnment has turned part of the town centre into a new park.（P 8）turninto“把变成”，turn into“变成”。例如：Farmers turn wasteland into fields.They want to turn the place into a new school.turn的用法拓展 turn表示“转动、翻转”例如： Turn your body back. turn作系动词，表示“变得”，后面常接形容词作表语。例如：Leaves turn yellow in autumn. turn还可以作可数名词，意为“轮

13、流，依次”，take turns to do sth.“轮流做某事”。例如：The students take turns to answer the teachers questions.8、There was once a steel factory near the Sunshine River.（P 9）once此处用作副词，意为“一度，曾经”。另外，once还可以表示“一次”。例如：They once lived abroad.He goes swimming once a week.9、They often put the waste into the river. （P 9） p

14、utinto“把放进”例如：You shouldnt put so much salt into the dish.put构成的相关短语put up张贴，举起  The boy put up his hand and asked some questions. 那个男孩举起手问了一些问题。Could you put up the picture? 你把这幅画贴上好吗？put out扑灭    The firemen came and put out the fire. 消防员来把火扑灭了。put off推迟  &#

15、160;      The meeting will be put off because of the weather. 会议因为天气将被推迟。     put away放好   Jim, put away your books. 吉姆，把你的书收起来。       put down记下，放下He put down his pen and began to listen to the

16、teacher. 他放下钢笔开始听老师讲课。Put down my telephone number please. 请记下我的电话号码。put on穿戴，上映My father put on his coat and went out. 我的爸爸穿上他的大衣就出去了。     A new play will be put on next week. 下周将上映一部新片。        put back放回Please put the books back when

17、 you finish them. 书读完后，请放回去。 waste此处作不可数名词，表示“废物”，waste还可以作形容词，表示“废弃的，无用的”，如waste water“废水”；waste paper“废纸”。waste还可以表示浪费，常用结构为“it is a waste of time/money to do sth.”表示“做某事是浪费时间或金钱”。例如：It is a waste of time to argue with him.10、Later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the

18、 situation. （P 9）take action“采取行动”。take action to do sth. “采取行动做某事”。例如：We must take action to protect the wild animal.11、Now the river is much cleaner. （P 9）much用来修饰比较级，意为“得多”，常见的修饰比较级的程度副词有much, even, any, a lot, far, rather, a little, a bit等。12、Well, in some ways it is.（P 9）in some ways意为“在某种程度上，在

19、某些方面”。例如：In some ways he is a good student because he is helpful.way的相关短语总结on the way在路上in the way挡路by the way顺便问一下on the/ones way to在去的路上in this/that way用这种/那种方式 lose ones way迷路13、Its really nice to have a beautiful modern town.（P 9） 形式主语it的用法。在英语中，当动词不定式或者that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语动词不定式或者that从句置后

20、。It处于主语的位置，但不是真正的主语，因此英语中称之为形式主语。常用的结构为：It is+形容词/名词短语+to do/that从句。e.g:1. It is important to learn English well. 2. It is a hard job that he cleans the street day and night.注意：“It is+形容词/名词短语+to do”结构中，可在不定式前面加上一个for或者of引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。当形容词是描述人的性格、品质的形容词时，用介词of，其余情况用介词for。e.g:It is kind of you to help

21、 me a lot. It is difficult for us to solve the problem. 形式宾语it的用法。在英语中，当动词不定式或者that从句作宾语且后面接宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语动词不定式或者that从句置后。It处于宾语的位置，但不是真正的宾语，因此英语中称之为形式宾语。常用的结构为：think/feel/find/consider、make+it+形容词/名词短语+to do/that从句。e.g:1. I find it pleasant to work with him.2. She thinks it her duty to hel

22、p us. 14、It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.（P 9） impossible意为“不可能的”，impossible是由形容词possible加否定前缀im-构成的。在英语中，形容词的否定前缀有un-，in-, im-, ir-, dis-等。（1） 大多数形容词加前缀un-构成反义词。happy-unhappyfriendly-unfriendly（2） 以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词。correct-incorrectexpensive-inexpensive（3）

23、 以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词。polite-impoliteproper-improper（4） 以r或l开头的形容词，分别加前缀ir和il构成反义词。regular-irregular legal-illegal（5） 有些形容词加前缀dis构成反义词。honest-dishonest asas before意为“和以前一样”，as.as“和一样”和not as/so.as.“不如”，中间用形容词或者副词原级。例如：My sister is as tall as me.Tom doesnt sing as/so well as Lucy.15、Now I feel a bit

24、 lonely from time to time.（P 9） a bit意为“有点儿”，表示程度，后面跟形容词、副词原级或比较级，相当于a little。另外，a little可直接修饰名词，a bit后面加上of才可以修饰名词。例如：Im a bit tired.There is a little water in the bottle.=There is a bit of water in the bottle. lonely作形容词，表示“寂寞的，孤单的”，强调人内心的感受；alone作形容词或者副词，意为“单独，独自”。例如：She has few friends so she fe

25、els lonely.The old man lives alone on the hill. from time to time“不时地，偶尔”例如：She has to work at weekends from time to time.16、not happy because of being alone.（P 10）because of意为“因为，由于”，后跟名词短语。在句中常和because引导的原因状语从句连用，不过because后面跟句子。例如： We cant go out because it rains heavily.=We cant go out because of

26、 the heavy rain.17、 Amazing changes have taken place in Sunshine Town.（P 10）take place意为“发生，举行”，与happen意思相近，但略有区别。take place常指经过安排而发生的事情，happen常指偶然发生，它们都是不及物的。例如： The World Cup takes place every four years.An accident happened in the street just now.18、 What was the town like in the past?（P 10）Whats

27、 sb./sth. like?一般用来询问某人/某物的特征或者性格。What does sb./sth. look like?一般用来询问某人/某物的外貌。例如： -Whats Tom like?-He is very shy.-What does your father look like?-He is tall and thin.Part Four Grammar重点全解1、 I have already read this book many times. （P 12）time此处表示“次数”是可数名词。英语中“一次”用once表达，“两次”用twice表达，从三次开始用“基数词+tim

28、es”表达。例如：We watch TV four times a week.2、 My parents havent come back yet. （P 14）表示“还，已经”yet常用语疑问句和否定句中，通常位于句末；already用于肯定句中。例如：Have you received the letter yet?He has already left home.3、 Oh, I think I have heard about the film. （P 14）hear about意为“听说（关于某人或某物）”，hear of“听说”，hear from“收到的来信”相当于receive

29、 a letter from。例如：I have never heard about him.Do you hear of the movie star?I hear from my mother every month.4、 Do you plan to see it?（P 14）plan作及物动词，表示“打算，计划”，plan to do sth.“打算做某事”，plan还可以作名词，make a plan for“为做计划”。例如：Do you plan to go to the party.现在完成时（1）1、 现在完成时的构成现在完成时是由“助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词

30、”构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。例句：He has already finished his homework. 他已经做完作业了。He hasn't finished his homework yet. 他还没有做完作业。-Has he finished his homework yet? 他已经做完作业了吗？-Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't. 是的，做完了。/不，还没有。2、 现在完成时的用法 表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。-Would you like

31、some bread? 你想要一些面包吗？-No, thanks. I have had my breakfast. 不，谢谢，我已经吃过早饭了。（对现在的影响：不饿）-Why don't you drive to your office? 你为什么不开车去办公室啊？-Because my car has broken. 因为我的车坏了。（对现在的影响：车没办法开了） 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态。He has studied English for 6 years. 他已经学习英语六年了。Mary has been busy since she cam

32、e back from Hangzhou. 自从从杭州回来，玛丽一直在忙。3、 常和现在完成时连用的时间状语 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。We have already finished our homework. 我们已完成作业了。They haven't finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成作业。 用ever “曾经”和never“从未”。它们多用于否定或疑问句中。Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？I have never

33、 been to the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, so far, until now, in the past few years等。I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。He has been there three times in the last few days. 近几年他去过那里三次了。 用for+一段时间，since+时间点。I've lived here for 15

34、 years. 我已经在这里住十五年了。I've lived here since 15 years ago. 自从十五年前我就住在这里了。Mr. Green has worked here since he came to China. 自从来到中国，格林先生一直在这里工作。Part Five Integrated skills重点全解1、 Today I borrowed a book about Starlight Towns past and present.（P 16）borrow表示“借进来”，常用结构为“borrow sth. from sb.”“向某人借某物”；lend

35、和borrow相对，表示“借出去”常用结构为“lend sb. sth.或者lend sth. to sb.”表示“借给某人某物”。例如：He borrowed a car from his friend. 他从他朋友那里借了辆车。Can you lend me some money?=Can you lend some money to me? 你能借我些钱吗？2、 Shes just returned from the USA.（P 16）这里的return表示“返回”，后面接表示地点的名词时要加介词to；另外return还可以作及物动词，表示“归还”，return sth. to sb.

36、“归还某人某物”。例如：He returned home late last night.Please return the book to the library on time.3、 When did you last see each other.（P 16）last作副词，表示“最近，上一次”。例如： I last saw him in Beijing five years ago.4、She went abroad with her parents.（P 16）abroad是副词，意为“在国外，到国外”，前面不加介词。例如：She worked abroad for a year.5

37、、 So how do you keep in touch with each other?（P 16）keep in touch with sb.“和某人保持联系”，get in touch with sb.“同某人取得联系”。例如：Did you get in touch with him?6、 We mainly communicate by email（P 16）communicate用作不及物动词，表示“交流，交际” ，communicate with sb.“和某人交流”。名词形式为communication, have communication with sb.“与某人交流”。

38、例如：Many teenagers have no communication with their parents.Part Six Study skills1、 The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun.（P 17） have fun“玩得开心”，have fun (in)doing sth.“做某事很开心”。例如：My mother often have fun (in) cooking. 句中的动词不定式to have fun作定语，修饰place，动词不定式经常作后置定语。例如：She is always the first

39、student to come to school.2、A river runs through the centre of town.（P 17）through着重指从空间内部穿过；across强调从表面穿过。例如：The sunshine comes in through the window.He is running across the road.3、 Now I go to school by bus on my own.（P 17）on ones own意为“独自地”相当于by oneself或者alone。例如：He went to town one his own/by hi

40、mself.4、 I have to spend more time on my homework than before.（P 17）spend一般用某人来作主语，表示“（某人）花费，付出”，也能指花费时间或金钱，指时间时常与in doing sth搭配，in常常省略。指金钱时常与on搭配。例如：We spent two days (in) repairing this machine. Mr. Lee spends $20 on books every month. Part Seven Task1、large open spaces （P 18）这里的open是形容词，表示“开阔的”。例

41、如：the open country 开阔的乡村in the open air 在户外另外，open作形容词，还可以表示“开着的”，动词close的形容词形式是closed“关闭的”。例如：The door is open. Please close it.2、 green trees on both sides （P 18）on both sides of the road表示“在路的两边”，on each/either side of the road“在路的每一边”，这里要注意side的单复数问题。例如：There are a lot of buildings on each/eithe

42、r side of the road.3、Moreover, mobile phones make communication easier now. （P 19）这里的moreover是副词，表示“而且，再者”。例如：The price of the house is too high; moreover, it is too old.短语和句型归纳短语归纳专心-专注-专业1. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物2. by underground 乘地铁3. be kind to. 对友好4. wait for 等待5. be born 出生6. all ones lif

43、e 一生7. get married结婚8. since then 自从那时候9. turninto 把变成10. in some ways 在某种程度上，在某些方面11. from time to time 有时，偶尔12. because of 因为13. hear about 听说14. in the past 在过去15. keep in touch with 和某人保持联系16. each other 互相，彼此17. go abroad 出国18. communicate with sb. 和某人交流19. take place 发生20. have fun 玩得开心21. run

44、 through 流经22. play cards 打牌23. in the northern part of 在南方24. live a.life 过着的生活25. on ones own 单独，独自地26. move house 搬家27. move away 搬走28. living conditions 居住条件29. in ones free time 在某人的空闲时间30. on both sides 在两边31. over the years 在这几年间句型归纳1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事2. It is +adj.+to do sth. 做某事是的3.

45、take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事4. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事5. as+形容词/副词 原级+as 和一样6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事7. hope+that从句 希望8. too many+可数名词复数 太多9. Spend.on sth. 在某方面花费10. be/get used to（doing）sth. 习惯做某事单元知识大过关1、 根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词。1. The old man has no children. He feels l from time to

46、 time.2. My parents got m in 1998.3. He u to live here, but he has moved.4. We shouldnt put the （废物）into the river.5. I think it is （不可能的）for him to finish the work in five minutes.6. I am not good at English. How can I i my English?7. Have you read any books （最近）?8. Many companies use e-mail in the

47、ir offices to c with one another.9. You can borrow books from the library, but you must r them in time.10. My mother is cooking in the kitchen at (目前).11. I went to p school at the age of six.12. He lived in the (北方的) part of the country.13. If we pollute the e , we cant see the beauty of nature any

48、 longer.14. Daniel hasnt finished his homework y .15. Are there any (工厂) in your town?二、翻译下列短语。1. 我的一生 2. 结婚 3. 在某些方面 4. 感到有点寂寞 5. 搬家 6. 不时，有时候 7. 和某人保持联系 8. 在小学 9. 互相交流 10. 不同于 11. 习惯做某事 12. 把变成 13. 发生 14. 彼此 15. 在某人空闲的时候 3、 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I am _(surprise) at the news. What about you?2. When I pass

49、ed the driving test, I thought I was the_(luck) person in the world.3.The little boy is _(kind) to his classmates, so nobody likes him.4. What do you think about the air _(pollute) in your hometown?5. Danny and Daniel are brothers, and their_(wife) are sisters. Thats interesting.6. I just (eat) some

50、 bread.7. Their family (move) to Nanjing two years ago.8. Nobody _ (finish) the homework yet.9. The story_ (happen) many years ago.10. At night we can always see him _ (study) in the room .11. What _you _ (do) while the others _ (clean) the classroom?12. At the moment, who _ (help) dad in the garden

51、?13. Mr. Brown _ (be) a soldier since 1984.14. They _ (work)in this factory for twenty years.15. How long _ you _ (study) in this school?4、 单项选择。( ) 1.Where is Mr Green now ? I havent seen him for a few days.He _ to Hong Kong .A. goes B. will go C. is going D. has gone( ) 2.Excuse me, does Mr Smiths

52、 son live here? He _ be here, but he has moved.A. has to B. used to C. tried to D. happened to( ) 3.Have you written anything on Chinese traditional food so far?_, but I have a plan for it.A. Ever since B. Later on C. Not yet D. From now on( ) 4. Why not go to see the dolphin show with me?Because I

53、_ it.A. saw B. will see C. see D. have seen( ) 5. _ he_ at this school last term?Yes, I think so.A. Did, study B. Has, studied C. Was, study D. Did, studied( )6.The old man lives _ in a _ house, but he doesnt feel_.A. alone, alone, lonely B. lonely, lonely, alone C. alone, lonely, lonely D. alone, l

54、onely, alone( ) 7. great fun it is to fly in a balloon!A. What B. What a C. How a D. How( ) 8. I cant buy this coat, because it is_ expensive.A. much B. a few C. few D. a bit( ) 9. -Did you wash your clothes?-No, I was going to wash my clothes but I _visitors.A. have had B. have C. had D. will have(

55、 ) 10. Has your sister finished watching the new film_? Yes, she has finished it _. A. yet, yet B. already, already C. already, yet D. yet, already( ) 11. I am happy that she has time _. -_.A. relaxing more; I have the same feeling B. to relax more; I have the same feelingC. to more relax; I agree with D. relaxing more; I agree( ) 12.- Excuse me, where