学生成绩管理系统数据结构课程设计

1、算法与数据结构课程设计综合实验课程设计名称：学生成绩管理系统 专 业：计算机科学与技术 学生成绩管理系统一、 问题的描述和分析1.1问题的描述   随着社会的发展和经济时代的到来，管理信息系统在各行各业都越来越重要，特别是教育事业。在经济发达的国家，许多教育机构（如公办、私立、培训机构等），都投入了大量的资金开发MIS系统，以求在将来激烈的竞争中立于不败之地。在我国，民办教育是新兴的一个行业，是随着改革开放和市场经济的发展根据中国特有的国情发展起来的，特别是中国民办教育促进法的出台，从一定的程度上规范和促进了中国民办教育的发展，这是一个很有发展前途的新兴产业，但是同发达国家

2、相比，我国的民办教育行业的信息技术的应用程度还很低，只有在大城市中发展较早、规模较大的民办院校中才使用计算机进行大规模操作，从各方面提高工作效率，取得良好的社会和经济效益，而一些新兴的、规模较小的民办机构还没有全部具备这种功能。因此可见，随着我国民办教育的迅速发展，信息技术在其上的应用会更加地广泛和深入。1.2现有系统存在问题的分析  有的学校根本就没有系统，还是手工操作计算机日新月异的发展，但是有的领导只见眼前利益，不关心，甚至不敢尝试新兴的事物。手工操作还十分落后，效率极低，成本很大，以后的社会是信息的社会，信息只有快，准，精才能发挥其价值。   所以机器代替人力是必然

3、的历史发展趋势，只有领导的重视和支持才能从人工操作改为计算机的自动化系统。人工操作必将被计算机代替。   有些学校虽使用了计算机，甚至管理系统，但是仍然存在很多问题，问题一日不解决，效率就一日提不上去。   还有，有的系统很不完善到处是漏洞，可以说是千疮百孔，这样极不完善的系统能有保障吗？所以制作一个完善的学生管理系统是必不可少的。二、数据结构的设计struct person char name20; long num; float math; float English; float chinese; float average; float sum;student;三、

4、模块：学生成绩管理系统模块四、算法的设计1.在此成绩管理系统中，要求用户输入的只是有字符型和数值型数据，所以我设计了下面函数来处理并对输出的数据进行检验。int N=0;Enter() FILE *fp; char ch; char ch2; char numstr20; struct person student2; clrscr(); fp=fopen("jie.txt","ab"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can't open this file.n"); printf("wait for a

5、 second with patience.nthe system is exiting.n"); getch(); exit(0); else do printf("your name:"); gets(); printf("nyour num:"); gets(numstr); student.num=atol(numstr); printf("nyour math:"); gets(numstr); student.math=atof(numstr); printf("nyour En

6、glish:"); gets(numstr); student.English=atof(numstr); printf("nyour chinese:"); gets(numstr); student.chinese=atof(numstr); student.sum=student.chinese+student.math+student.English; student.average=student.sum/3; fwrite(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp); N+; printf("Do you

7、 continue adding other students(Y/N)?n"); ch=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch='y'|ch='Y'); printf("Show all(Y/N)?n"); ch2=getchar(); getchar(); if(ch2='y'|ch2='Y') Listall(); fclose(fp); return_confirm(); clrscr(); 2.查询学生记录当用户执行此查询任务时，系统会提示用户进行查询字段的选择，即按学

8、号或按姓名进行查询。若此学生记录存在，则会打印输出此学生记录的信息。Search() char choice; char ch1; char ch2; char ch3; char ch4; char name20; long num; char numstr20; clrscr(); printf("*WAYS OF SEARCHING*n"); printf("-n"); printf("* 1.name *n"); printf("* 2.num *n"); printf("-n"); p

9、rintf("give your choice:n"); choice=getchar(); getchar(); while(choice>'2'|choice<'1') printf("Sorry.your choice is wrong.nplease give a correct one:n"); choice=getchar(); getchar(); 3.根据姓名或学号进行查找 switch(choice) case '1':do Loop1: printf("input

10、the name of students you want to search:n"); gets(name); Search1(name); printf("GO ON SEARCHING BY NAEM(Y/N)?n"); ch2=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch2='y'|ch2='Y'); printf("Search by other ways(Y/N)?n"); ch3=getchar(); getchar(); if(ch3='y'|ch3='Y&

11、#39;) goto Loop2; break; case '2': do Loop2: printf("input the num of students you want to search:n"); gets(numstr); num=atol(numstr); Search2(num); printf("GO ON SEARCHING BY NUM(Y/N)?n"); ch1=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch1='y'|ch1='Y'); Search2(long num

12、) FILE *fp; char ch; int flag=0; int t; clrscr(); fp=fopen("jie.txt","rb"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can't open this file.n"); printf("wait for a second with patience.nthe system is exiting.n"); getch(); exit(0); else flag=0; t=0; while(fread(&student,sizeo

13、f(struct person),1,fp) if(num=student.num) printf("namettnumtchinesetEnglishtmathsumtaveragen"); printf("%-10s%-6ld%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2fn",,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average); t=1; break; if(t=0) printf("

14、;Sorry.the student you are searching not existed.n"); rewind(fp); fclose(fp); Search1(char *name) FILE *fp; char ch; int flag=0; int t; clrscr(); fp=fopen("jie.txt","rb"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can't open this file.n"); printf("wait for a second with patienc

15、e.nthe system is exiting.n"); getch(); exit(0); else flag=0; t=0; while(fread(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp) if(strcmp(name,)=0) printf("namettnumtchinesetEnglishtmathsumtaveragen"); printf("%-10s%-6ld%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2f%-8.2fn",,studen

16、t.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average); t=1; break; if(t=0) printf("Sorry.the student you are searching not existed.n"); rewind(fp); fclose(fp); Delete() FILE *fp; struct person student130,student230; int i; int k; int j; int flag; char ch1; char na

17、me20; char ch; char ch2; clrscr(); fp=fopen("jie.txt","rb+"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can't open this file.n"); printf("wait for a second with patience.nthe system is exiting.n"); getch(); exit(0); else do i=0; j=0; flag=0; printf("input the name of stude

18、nts you are going to delete.n"); scanf("%s",name); while(fread(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp)=1) if(strcmp(name,)!=0) student2j=student; j+; else flag=1; printf("nametttnumtchinesettEnglishttmathtsumtaveragen"); printf("%-10s%-6ld%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.

19、2f%8.2fn",,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average); printf("Delete(Y/N)?n"); ch1=getchar(); getchar(); toupper(ch); if(ch='N') goto Loop; printf("j=%dn",j); k=j; i=0; fclose(fp); if(flag=0) printf("Sorry.

20、the student you are searching not existed.n"); if(flag=1) printf("Congratulation!you succeed!n"); fp=fopen("jie.txt","wb+"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can't open this file.n"); printf("wait for a second with patience.nthe system is exiting.n"); ge

21、tch(); exit(0); else i=0; do fwrite(&student2i,sizeof(struct person),1,fp); i+; while(i<k); Loop: getchar(); printf("Go on(Y/N)?n"); ch=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch='y'|ch='Y'); printf("Show all(Y/N)?n"); ch2=getchar(); getchar(); if(ch2='y'|ch2=&

22、#39;Y') rewind(fp); printf("nametttnumtchinesettEnglishttmathtsumtaveragen"); while(fread(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp) printf("%-10s%-6ld%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn",,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average);

23、 fclose(fp); return_confirm();4.修改学生记录在修改学生记录操作中，系统会先按输入的学号或姓名查找该记录，然后提示用户修改学号或姓名之外的值，但学号或姓名不能修改。Revise() FILE *fp; char ch; char ch1; long offset=sizeof(struct person); int flag=0; char numstr20; char name20; clrscr(); fp=fopen("jie.txt","rb+"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can'

24、t open this file.n"); printf("wait for a second with patience.nthe system is exiting.n"); getch(); exit(0); else again: printf("name of rivesing student:n"); gets(name); do flag=0; fread(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp); if(strcmp(name,)=0) flag=1; printf

25、("the following is information of student being deleted:n"); printf("namettnumtmathtchinesetEnglishtsumtaveragen"); printf("%-10s%-6ld%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn",,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average); do print

26、f("*informations for revising*n"); printf("=n"); printf("# 1.name 2.num #n"); printf("# 3.math 4.English #n"); printf("# 5.chinese 6.total #n"); printf("=n"); printf("give a choice:n"); ch=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch>'6&

27、#39;|ch<'1') printf("Sorry.you put is wrong.nplease input another choice:n"); ch=getchar(); getchar(); switch(ch) case '1':ass_revise("name"); gets(); break; case '2':ass_revise("num"); gets(numstr); student.num=atol(numstr); break

28、; case '3':ass_revise("math"); gets(numstr); student.math=atof(numstr); break; case '4':ass_revise("English"); gets(numstr); student.English=atof(numstr); break; case '5':ass_revise("chinese"); gets(numstr); student.chinese=atof(numstr); break; c

29、ase '6':ass_revise("total"); gets(); ass_revise("num"); gets(numstr); student.num=atol(numstr); ass_revise("math"); gets(numstr); student.math=atof(numstr); ass_revise("English"); gets(numstr); student.English=atof(numstr); ass_revise("

30、;chinese"); gets(numstr); student.chinese=atof(numstr); student.sum=student.chinese+student.math+student.English; student.average=student.sum/3; printf("Continue revising the same student(Y/N)?n"); ch1=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch='y'|ch='Y'); fseek(fp,-offset,1); fw

31、rite(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp); printf("the following is information of student had been revised:n"); printf("namettnumtmathtchinesetEnglishtsumtaveragen"); printf("%-10s%-6ld%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn",,student.num,student.chinese,student.Eng

32、lish,student.math,student.sum,student.average); printf("Congratulation!you succeed!n"); break; while(fread(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp); rewind(fp); if(flag=0) printf("Sorry.the student of reving not existed.n"); printf("GO ON Revising(Y/N)?n"); ch1=getchar(

33、); getchar(); if(ch1='y'|ch1='Y') goto again; fclose(fp); return_confirm(); clrscr();5.对学生记录进行排序Order() FILE *fp; char ch; char ch2; int k; float a30,b30,c30,d30; struct person student130; int i; char ch1; fp=fopen("jie.txt","rb"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can'

34、;t open this file.n"); printf("wait for a second with patience.nthe system is exiting.n"); getch(); exit(0); rewind(fp); i=0; while(fread(&student1i,sizeof(struct person),1,fp) i+; k=i; do for(i=0;i<k;i+) ai=student1i.math; bi=student1i.English; ci=student1i.chinese; di=student

35、1i.average; printf(" *WAYS OF ORDER* n"); printf("=n"); printf("*1.math 2.English*n"); printf("*3.chinese 4.average*n"); printf("=n"); printf("please give a choice:n"); ch=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch<'1'|ch>'4') pri

36、ntf("Sorry.the date you input is wrong.nplease give another choice:n"); ch=getchar(); getchar(); switch(ch) case '1':Order1(a); break; case '2':Order1(b); break; case '3':Order1(c); break; case '4':Order1(d); break; printf("Congratulation!you succeed!n&

37、quot;); printf("Go on ordering(Y/N)?n"); ch1=getchar(); getchar(); while(ch1='y'|ch='Y'); printf("Show all(Y/N)?n"); ch2=getchar(); getchar(); if(ch2='y'|ch2='Y') rewind(fp); printf("nametttnumtchinesettEnglishttmathtsumtaveragen"); while

38、(fread(&student,sizeof(struct person),1,fp) printf("%-10s%-6ld%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2f%8.2fn",,student.num,student.chinese,student.English,student.math,student.sum,student.average); fclose(fp); return_confirm(); Order1(float *p) FILE *fp; int i=0; int k; int j; struct person st

39、udent2; struct person student130; clrscr(); fp=fopen("jie.txt","r+"); if(fp=NULL) printf("can't open this file.n"); printf("wait for a second with patience.nthe system is exiting.n"); getch(); exit(0); else while(fread(&student1i,sizeof(struct person),1,fp) i+; k=i; i=0; while(i<k) for(j=i+1;j<k;j+) if(pi<pj) student2=student1i; student1i=student1j; student1j=student2; i+; rewind(fp); for(i=0;i<k;i+) fwrite(&student1i,sizeof(struct person),1,fp); fclose(fp);6.显示学生记录由于记录显示操作经常进行，所以我将这分由独立的函数来实现，减少代码的重复