02于老师情态动词专题

1、情态动词考点（I）关于情态动词我们要知道1没有人称，数的变化2不能单独作谓语，必须与不定式一起构成谓语考点一：can与could用法1. 能力：can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的一般能力；be able to有更多的形式， 其中 was/were able to表示过去的具体能力（即实施了过去某一具体的行为），相当于man aged to do.翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义He could speak four foreign Ianguages when he was young, but now he can speak only one.There was a big fi

2、re in the house, but he was able to escape. I am starvi ng to death. I can eat two bowls of rice now.If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem. 2. 许可：can可以代替 may表示许可，could可以代替 might表示许可，cannot表示不可以。Can I use your mobile phone for a call?He asked me if he could take the book

3、 out of the library.在疑问句中可以用 could/might表示更加委婉的语气。例如:Could/Might I ask you someth in g, if you are not too busy?Yes, you can/may .No, I m afraid notcannoteno ugh 无论怎样 也不过分cant+比较级 再不过了can not too / cannot eno ugh3. 习惯用语：cannottoo无论怎样也不过分Cannot help doing情不自禁做某事翻译句子：当你过马路的时候，你再小心也不为过。分别用那部电影再糟糕不过了。 这

4、姑娘忍不住哭了。 3. 推测：详见第3张学案考点二： may 与 might用法1. 许可：请求别人允许自己做某事，might比may的语气委婉；自己允许别人做某事，通常用may而不用might。-May/Might I take this magazine out? -Yes, you may. / No, you mustn t.2. 习惯用语：may well 很可能may/might as well 最好，不妨 Maydo/be.祝愿 翻译句子：你很可能是对的 我们不妨去看一下吧愿你天天有进步 3. 推测：详见第3张学案考点三： must与 have to用法1. must表必须，用于

5、肯定句和疑问句；。表示 偏偏，偏要2. must与have to区别：must表示主观愿望或要求；have to表示客观所迫，意为不得不”must nt表示禁止，千万不要；do n t have to =n eed n t 不必翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义Just whe n we were ready to go away for holidays, the baby must catch a cold.There is no bus here, and you have to go on foot.Because it is Sun day today, we don thave t

6、o go to school.Must I go at once?No, you n eed n t.The child is sleeping. You mustn make any noise.即学即练单项选择1. Doctors say that exercise is importa nt for health, but itbe regular exercise.A canB willC mustD may2. I have told you the truth.I keep repeati ng it? A Must B Can C May D Will3. You park he

7、re! It s an emergency exit. A wouldn tB neednt C couldn t D mustn t4. Just be patient. You expect the world to change so soon. A can tB neednt C may not D will not5. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A mustB mustn t C have to D don htave to6. I take the book out? I m afraid not. A willB Ma

8、y C Must D Need7. One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A needB mustC shouldD can8. I can t leave. She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back. A can B must C will D may9. Naturally , after I told her what to do, my dau

9、ghter go and do the opposite!A may B can C mustD should10. Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? Thank you. A It couldn tbe betterB Of course you can C If you likeD It sup to you.考点四 shall 用法0. 用作助动词，表示单纯的将来，用于第一人称I shall ring you up as soon as I arrive.1. 表示征求意见 。在疑问句中，用于一、三人称Shall I do

10、the cleaning? Shall the boy wait outside or come inside?2. 表示说话者威胁、命令、警告、承诺用于二、三人称You shall remain here until all your papers are collected. You shall get the ticket tomorrow.3. 在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为应 , 必须，用于第三人称Persons under 18 shant be employed in night work.翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义1.If he passes the e

11、xamination, he shall have a holiday. 2.Shall I carry your luggage for you? 3. If you won tdo as I tell you, you shan tgo to the party. 4. According to the regulation, every player shall wear a number. 考点五 should 与 ought to 用法用作单纯将来的助动词时， should 是 shall 的过去式。但用作情态动词时， should 意为：1. should/ought to 表示劝

12、告或建议，意为“ 应该 ” should/ought to have done 本应该做某事2. should/ought to 表示按常规的推测，意为“ 按理应当，据估计 ”3. should 表示“ 竟然 ”4. should 用于条件句中 表示“ 万一 ”主句可虚拟也可真实。翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义The boys shouldn tbe playing football. They should be at school. You shouldn t have entered the teachers office without permission. It is stra

13、nge that it should be so hot today. Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting will/would be put off. It s 4:30. They should be in New York by now. 考点六 will 与 would 用法will 除用作助动词表示单纯将来，还可充当情态动词，含义如下：1. 习惯：“老是，总是 ” 2.功能或倾向性 3.表示意愿“ 要 ” 4. 请求：在疑问句中 用于第二人称 。5. will/won t 表示 对祈使句的回答 。1. Write to me when you g

14、et home. I will 2.I will do my best to help you. 3. Every evening they will play chess together 4. The door won t open 5. Will/would you please give me a message when you see him? would 与 will 相似： 1.表 过去将来 2. 用于 第二人称疑问句表有礼貌的请求 ，比 will 委婉3. 表示 过去的习惯 4. 表意愿，“要 ”Whenever he was angry, he would walk out

15、 of the room. He told us that he would meet us at the airport. We all tried to stop him smoking in bed but he wouldn t listen 即学即练 单项选择1. I haven tgot the reference book yet, but I will have a test on the subject next month.Don t worry. You have it by Friday. A could B shall C must D may2. I don t c

16、are what people think. Well, you . A could B would C should D might3. what does the sign over there read? “No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area. ”A will B may C shallD must4. It has been announced that candidates remain in their seats until all the papers have bee

17、n collected.A can B will C may D shall5. If their marketing plans succeed, they their sales by 20 percent.A will increase B have been increasing C have increased D would be increasing6. We had to make the corrections by hand as the computer do them for us.A mightn tB needntC shouldn tD wouldn t7. Wh

18、en you ve finished with that book, don t forget to put if back on the shelf, ?A do you B don tyou C will you D won tyou8. Sir, you be sitting in this waiting room. It is for women and children only.A oughtn ttoB can tC won tD neednt9. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he a

19、 goal.A had scored B scored C would score D would have scored10. you need any help, you can always phone me at the office. A Would B Should C Shall D May考点七： need 与 dare 用法 ：两者既可用作 情态动词 也可用作 实义动词作实义动词时，有人称和数的变化，不受句式限制，疑否句时要用助动词 do/does/did作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化（dare的过去式dared）,直接接动词原形，只用于疑否句注意：I dare say习惯

20、用语，意为我想，大概”dare当实义动词，疑否句中to可省 need 作实义动词，后接 n./pron./to do/ ; need doing =need to be done.翻译句子，并说出句中 need 或 dare 是情态动词还是实义动词，以及含义1. He darentcross the river. 2. How dare you ask me such a question?3.He dares to cross the river. 4. He doesntdare （ to） cross the river. 5.He doesntneed to do it. 6. He

21、needntdo it. 7. The floor needs cleaning. _即学即练：1. You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.D needntcomingD need to repairC not dare say D dared sayA needntto comeB dontneed comeC don tneed coming2. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the

22、 area .A need repairingB needs to repairC needs repairing3. You ve coem just in time to help us. Fine, What needs ?A I doB doneC to be doneD shouldn t4. I wonder how he that to the teacher.A dare to say B dare saying情 态 动 词 考 点（ II ）考点一 can/could 表推测1. can 用于肯定句 , 意为“ 有时候会 ”Even experienced teachers

23、 can make mistakes.2. could 用于肯定句 , 表示具体的现在或将来事情的可能性。Peter could go to London this weekend, but I doubt it.3. cant/couldn t 用于否定句，语气最强，意为“不可能 ”He cant/couldnt have seen her there.4. can/could用于疑问句，表示怀疑，意为 能是么” Where can he be? Can it be Mr. Wan g?考点二 may/might表推测或许，可能” might比may更加不肯定1. 用于肯定句：He may/

24、might be writing a letter now.2. 用于否定句：意为 可能不/或许不”It may/might not be true.考点三 must表推测用于肯定句，表示有把握的推测，意为一定，否定形式是 cant/couldn You have nteate n anything since morning; you must be hun gry.You can have seen him at the party last nigh. I saw him off at the airport.考点四 should/ought to表推测意为按理应当”It s7 oclo

25、ck. Hack should be here at any moment.He ought to succeed, as he is so dilige nt.翻译句子，并说出句中情态动词的含义1. He must be wait ing for us at the school gate.2. Every one can make a mistake.3. Can it be true? No, it can be true.4. Helen may go on the trip with us, but she isn quite sure yet.5. The World Wide W

26、eb is sometimes joki ngly called the world wide wait because it can be very slow.6. How Cyour tour around the Norh Lake? Is it beautiful? -t should be, but it is now heavily polluted. _7. Is Joh n coming by train? He should, but he may not. He likes drivi ng his car.即学即练：单项选择1. -Good morning. I Ce g

27、ot an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.-Ah, good morning. Yoube Mrs. Peters. A might B must C would D can2. Youhave a wrong number, she said, Theres no one of that name here.”A n eedB can C must D would3. Jack described his father, whoa brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wi

28、lled man.A would be B would have bee n C must be D must have bee n4. Ihave watched that movie-it Cl give me horrible dreams.A shouldn B neednCC couldn D mustn C5. -Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn finish the assignment yesterday.Oh, youhave done it as yesterday was the deadline. A must B mustn C shoul

29、d D shouldn 6. It is importa nt to know about the cultural differe nces thatcause problems.A mustB dareC n eedD may7. The traffic is heavy these days. Iarrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?A canB mustC n eedD might8. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? Therebe twelve. A should B

30、 would C will D shall9. Peterbe really difficult at times even though he a nice person in general.A shallB shouldC canD must10. He must be help ing the old man to water the flowers,? A is he B isn the C must he D must n he11. Youto the meet ing this after noon if you have someth ing importa nt to do

31、.A n eed n to comeB don n eed comeC don n eed coming D n eed n come12. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildi ngs in the area.A n eed repairi ngB n eeds to repair C n eeds repairi ngd n eed to repair13. I won der how hethat to the teacher. A dare to say B dare say ing C not dare

32、say D dared say考点五：情态动词+have done/been用法归纳：表示过去或已经发生的事情（有时带过去时间状语）aux.+ have don e/bee n用法例句must have done（用于肯定句）一定做过某事否疋式为： can t/couldn thave doneIt must have rained last night for the road is quite muddy.can/could have done（用于疑问句和否定句）意为：可能做过某事么？不可能做过某事Can he have gone to his aun ts?He cannot have

33、 forgotte n it.He could not have done such a thing.may/might have done（用于冃疋句或否疋句）意为：可能做 过某事；可能没做过某事He may not have fini shed the work.He might have gone to bed.could have done（用于肯定句）意为：本来能做The driver could have avoided the accide nt.might have done（用于肯定句）意为：本可以做You might have written the letter with

34、out my reminding you of it.should/ought to have done1. 过去本应该做某事2. 按理应该已经做某事You shouldn have left home without a word.They left here early and should have arrived by now.needn t have done本不必做某事（做了）It is not cold today. I needn have taken the sweater out.didn t need to do sth过去不必做某事（没做）It is not cold

35、today. I didn tneed to take the sweater out.would rather ( not) have done宁愿做过（没做过）某事I raised object ions at the meeti ng, but now I would rather have done that.考点六：情态动词疑问句意义及其答语的归纳与比较1. Could/Might/May/Can I(we)?2. Could/Can you ?3. Would/Will you(please) do ?4. Must 1 ?5. Need I ？6. Shall I ?Yes, y

36、ou can/may./Certainly.No, you mustn t/can Yes/Of course, I can.Of course I will.Yes, you must.No, you needn t/donhave toYes, you must.No, you needn t/don have toNo, you needn t/You better not. No, you can mustn 7.句式：How can you?你怎么能 ？表示说话人对某事疑问How/Why should +主语?怎么、为什么竟然 ？表示说话人对某事惊讶，不解 How dare you?

37、 你怎么敢 ？课堂训练：1. -Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. -Great! You read widely and put a lot of work into it.A mustB shouldC must have D should have2. Sorry I late. I have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A mightB shouldC canD will3. -The woma n biologist stayed in Africa

38、 study ing wild an imals for 13 years before she returned.-Oh, dear! Shea lot of difficulties.A may go through B might go through C ought to have gone through D must have gone through4. I was on the highway whe n this car went past followed by a police car. Theyat least 150 kilometers an hour.A shou

39、ld have bee n doingB must have bee n doing C could have done D would have done5. Mr. Whiteat 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn show up.A should have arrived B should arrive C should have had arrived D should be arrivi ng6. Heyou more help, eve n though he was very busy.A might have give n B might gi

40、ve C may have give nD may give7. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps Ihave drive n her there.A couldB mustC might D should8. My cat s really fat. You have given her so much food.A wouldn tB couldn tC shouldn tD mustnt9. He paid for a seat, when he have entered free. A couldB woul

41、d C must D need10. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustn t have taken.11. May I ask a question after class, Sir? -, but not during my lunch break.A I m sorryB Anytime C Certainly D Go

42、 ahead12. Must he come to sign this paper himself? Yes, he . A need B must C mayD will13. Could I call by your first name? Yes, you . A will B could C may D might14. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you . A might B will C can D should15. Must I come before 6 in the morning? No, you .A

43、not have to B havent toC dont have toD haven t16. Shall I tell John about it? No, you . I ve told him already.A neednt B wouldn t C mustnt D shouldn t17. Will you stay for lunch? Sorry, . My brother is coming to see me.A mustn tB I can tC I needn tD I won t18. Mum, I ve been studying English since 8

44、 o clock. _No, I m afraid not. Besides, it s raining outside now.A Can tB wouldn tC May not高考链接I go out and play with Tom for a while?1. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I donA. can manageB. could have managed2. Peter _ be really difficult at times even though he A. shall B. shouldD Won t

45、2009 年高考试题t think weC. could manageC.canin without you.D. can have managed s a nice person in general.D. must3. You _ be hungry already-you had lunch only two hours ago!D. needn tA. wouldn tB. can tC. mustn t4. -I m sorry. I at you the other day. -Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shou

46、ldn t shout B. shouldn t have shouted C. mustn t shout D. mustn t have shouted5. She _ have left school, for her bike is still there.A. can t B. wouldn t C. shouldn t D. needn t6. Liza _ well not want to go to the tripshe hates traveling.A. willB. can C. must D. may7. According to the air traffic ru

47、les, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding.A. may B. can C. would D. should8. I can t find my purse anywhere.-You have lost it while shopping.A. mayB. can C. should D. would9. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes.A. must B. can C. should D. would10

48、. Although this sound like a simple task, great care is needed.A. mustB. may C. shall D. should11. You don t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You find the book by the title.A. mustB. need C. can D. would12. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better.A. need h

49、ave doneB. must have done C. can have doneD. might have done13. John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.A. mightB. should C. could D. would14. -What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it be big- that s not important.A. mustn t B. needn t C. can

50、t D. won t15. - How s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?-It be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. willB. would C. should D. must16. he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.A. IfB. Since C. Though D. When17. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you _ take

51、 care of your luggage.A. can B. may C. must D. will18. -What do you think we can do for our aged parents?-You do anything except to be with them and be yourself.A. don t have toB. oughtn t toC. mustn t D. can t19. My MP4 player isn t in my bag. Where _ I have put it?A. can B. must C. should D. would

52、20. -What does the sign over there read?- “ No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”A. willB. may C. shall D. must21. -She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. -I guess so. It is not difficult after all.A. should B. could C. must D. might22. -Where is my

53、dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -You it in the wrong place.A. must putB. should have putC. might putD. might have put23. The teacher have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn t have wasted time on him, I suppose.A. should B. can C. wouldD. must24. -Turn off the TV, Jack. _ your

54、 homework now?-Mum, just ten more minutes, please.A. S hould you be doingB. Shouldn t you be doing C. Couldn t you be doing D. Will you be doing25. There s no ligh-t-othney _ be at home.A. can t B. mustn t C. needn tD. shouldn t26. -What is the name? -Khulaifi. I spell that for you?A. Shall B. Would

55、 C. Can D. Might27. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years .A. needn t B. may not C. shouldn t D. mustn t28. -Mr Gorden asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon . Don t you forget it! OK, I _.A. won t B. don t C. will D. do29. -Must he come to sign this paper himself? Yes, he .A. needB. must C. may D. will30. The weather turned out to be fine yesterd