ansys在公路工程中的应用实例

1、6.1 施工过程仿真分析1 材料、实常数和单元类型定义/TITLE，Mechanical analysis on railway tunnel 1nd lining! 确定分析标题/NOPR !菜单过滤设置/PMETH，OFF，0KEYW，PR_SET，1 KEYW，PR_STRUC，1 !保留结构分析部分菜单/COM， /COM，Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM， Structural /PREP7 !进入前处理器ET,1,PLANE42 !设置实体单元类型KEYOPT,1,1,0KEYOPT,1,2,0K

2、EYOPT,1,3,2 !设置为平面应变模式KEYOPT,1,5,0KEYOPT,1,6,0ET,2,PLANE42 !设置实体单元类型KEYOPT,1,1,0KEYOPT,1,2,0KEYOPT,1,3,2 !设置为平面应变模式KEYOPT,1,5,0KEYOPT,1,6,0ET，3，BEAM3 !设置梁单元类型R,1,0.25,1.5e-3,0.25, , , , !设置梁单元几何常数MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0MPDATA,EX,1,0.8e9 !输入弹性模量（围岩）MPDATA,PRXY,1,0.38 !输入泊松比（围岩）MPDATA,DENS,1,2000 !输入密度（围岩）

3、TB,DP,1, !采用DP准则进行弹塑性分析TBMODIF,1,1,0.2e6 !输入凝聚力（围岩）TBMODIF,1,2,30 !输入摩擦角（围岩）TBMODIF,1,3, MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0MPDATA,EX,2,3.2e9 !输入弹性模量（加固圈）MPDATA,PRXY,2,0.32!输入泊松比（加固圈）MPDATA,DENS,2,2200!输入密度（加固圈）TB,DP,2, !采用DP准则TBMODIF,1,1,0.5e6 !输入凝聚力（加固圈）TBMODIF,1,2,35 !输入摩擦角（加固圈）TBMODIF,1,3, MPDATA,EX,3,27.5e9 !输入

4、弹性模量（喷射混凝土）MPDATA,PRXY,3,0.2 !输入泊松比（喷射混凝土）MPDATA,DENS,3,2500 !输入密度（喷射混凝土）SAVE !保存数据库2 建立几何模型创建关键点。K,1,0,0, !创建计算区域轮廓线关键点K,2,65,-22.3,K,3, -65,-22.3,K,4,65,37.1,K,5,19.6,37.1,K,6,-65,-11.8,K,7,-44.6,-22.3,K,8,-44.6,0,K,9,65,0,K,10,15,-22.3,K,11,-15,-22.3,K,12,-15,17.1,K,13,15,34.4,K,14,-15,1.169, !创建

5、隧道轮廓线关键点，上半圆圆心K,15,-18.408,0.22, !左下拱脚圆心K,16,-15.022,7.887, !仰拱圆心K,17,0,25.742, K,18,0,-22.3, K,27,-11.636,0.22, !右下拱脚圆心SAVE !保存数据创建线。Circle,14,5.4 !画上半圆Circle,15,1.9 !画左下拱脚圆Circle,27,1.9 !画右下拱脚圆LDELE,5,6,1 !删除左右下拱脚圆的部分线LDELE,8,11,1 LOVLAP,7,3 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,12,4LDELE,6,10,2LDELE,7LDELE,13,16,3NUMMR

6、G,ALL, , , ,LOW !合并所有元素NUMCMP,ALL !压缩所有编号FLST,2,3,4,ORDE,3 !作加运算FITEM,2,4 FITEM,2,5 FITEM,2,6 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,2,3,4,ORDE,3 !作加运算FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,7 FITEM,2,9 LCOMB,P51X, ,0NUMMRG,ALL, , , ,LOW !合并所有元素NUMCMP,ALL !压缩所有编号circle, 16,10.178 !画仰拱圆LOVLAP,3,7 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,4,8LDELE,19 !删除部分线LDELE,5,7,1

7、LDELE,10,11,1LDELE,14,16,2FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,4 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,12 FITEM,2,-13 FITEM,2,15 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,4 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,17 FITEM,2,-18 FITEM,2,20 LCOMB,P51X, ,0Circle,14,8.9 !画上半圆(加固圈)Circle,15,5.4 !画左下拱脚圆(加固圈)Circle,27,5.4 !画右下拱脚圆(加固圈)ldele,8,12,2ldele,13,15,1LOVL

8、AP,6,11 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,7,16ldele,10,14,2 !删除部分线ldele,17,19,2ldele,11circle, 16,13.678 !画仰拱圆(加固圈)LOVLAP,11,13 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,12,18ldele,10,11,1 !删除部分线ldele,23,26,3ldele,7,17,10ldele,14,22,8FLST,2,5,4,ORDE,5 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,8 FITEM,2,15 FITEM,2,-16 FITEM,2,19 FITEM,2,21 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,2,5,4,ORDE,

9、5 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,13 FITEM,2,20 FITEM,2,24 FITEM,2,-25 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,3,8,4,ORDE,4 !对称操作，由左隧道镜像成右隧道。FITEM,3,1 FITEM,3,-6 FITEM,3,8 FITEM,3,-9 LSYMM,X,P51X, , , ,0,0 NUMMRG,ALL, , , ,LOW !合并所有元素NUMCMP,ALL !压缩所有编号SAVE !所画出的隧道轮廓图见图6-7所示。k,56,0,1.169,0, !创建关键点，为画其它直线作准备k,57,30.044,1.169,0

10、,k,58,30.044,-22.3,0,k,59,30.044,37.1,0,k,60,15,1.169,0,LSTR, 3, 7 !画计算区域线和分块线LSTR, 7, 8 LSTR, 8, 6 LSTR, 6, 3 LSTR, 7, 11 LSTR, 11, 18 LSTR, 18, 10 LSTR, 10, 58 LSTR, 58, 2 LSTR, 2, 9 LSTR, 9, 4 LSTR, 4, 59 LSTR, 59, 5 LSTR, 5, 13 LSTR, 13, 17 LSTR, 17, 12 LSTR, 12, 8 LSTR, 21, 14 LSTR, 14, 19 LSTR

11、, 14, 20 LSTR, 14, 31 LSTR, 44, 60 LSTR, 60, 46 LSTR, 60, 45 LSTR, 60, 47 LSTR, 45, 53 LSTR, 46, 54 LSTR, 47, 55 LSTR, 44, 52 LSTR, 52, 56 LSTR, 54, 57 LSTR, 57, 59 LSTR, 57, 58 LSTR, 55, 10 LSTR, 56, 17 LSTR, 56, 18 LSTR, 53, 13 LSTR, 19, 32 LSTR, 32, 56 LSTR, 51, 11 LSTR, 33, 12 LSTR, 20, 33 LSTR,

12、 21, 34 LSTR, 34, 8 LSTR, 31, 51 LSTR, 57, 9/PNUM,KP,0 !不显示关键点编号/PNUM,LINE,1 !显示线编号/PNUM,AREA,0 !不显示面编号/PNUM,VOLU,0 !不显示体编号/PNUM,NODE,0 !不显示节点编号!* /PNUM,ELEM,0 !不显示单元编号/REPLOT !重新绘制!* LPLOT !绘制线图，带编号，如图6-8所示。SAVE !保存数据库创建面。本次的计算区域为横向130m，竖向为60m，即左右两侧计算边界为4倍左右双线隧道总跨度，下部边界为2倍隧道总高度。Al, 35, 1, 36, !采用线创

13、建面，依次创建27个面Al, 36, 2, 34, Al, 34, 9, 37, Al, 37, 3, 35, !左隧道内核心土4个面绘制完成Al, 54, 4, 58, 1,Al, 58, 5, 59, 2, Al, 59, 8, 61, 9, Al, 61, 6, 54, 3, !左隧道加固圈土4个面绘制完成Al, 39, 10, 40, Al, 40, 7, 38, Al, 38, 11, 41, Al, 41, 16, 39, !右隧道内核心土4个面绘制完成Al, 43, 13, 42, 10,Al, 42, 12, 45, 7, Al, 45, 14, 44, 11, Al, 44,

14、 15, 43, 16, !右隧道加固圈土4个面绘制完成Al, 55, 51, 32, 57, 4,Al, 57, 33, 60, 5, Al, 60, 18, 21, 56, 8, Al, 56, 22, 52, 55, 6, !左隧道外围土体4个面绘制完成Al, 47, 48, 29, 30, 53, 13,Al, 53, 31, 51, 46, 12, Al, 46, 52, 23, 50, 14, Al, 50, 24, 49, 47, 15, !右隧道外围土体4个面绘制完成Al, 18, 19, 20, 17, !左侧边境1个面绘制完成Al, 49, 25, 26, 62, Al,

15、62, 27, 28, 48, !右侧边境2个面绘制完成/PNUM,KP,0 /PNUM,LINE,0/PNUM,AREA,1APLOT !绘制带编号的面, 生成的面如图6-9所示。SAVE !保存数据,3 创建网格模型设置线被划分的单元数。LESIZE,_Y1, , ,8, , , , ,1lesize,1,8,1 !设置单元大小, 即L1线划分成8个单元TYPE, 1 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 1 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数/PNUM,LINE,1 !显示线编号LPLOT !绘制线图，带编号和单元数。Save !按照“lesize,1,8,

16、1”格式，将其他61条线也进行被划分单元数设置，其线的编号和被划分的单元数如表6-3所示，划分好后如图6-10所示。表6-1 设置线单元数NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)358398544554514368408584574324348388594604224378418614564524187843447418428108424534214981184544642043816844450419448128314301174581382642922446814825104854948815862102752810338234将所有面划分单元，其单

17、元图如图6-11所示。AMAP,1,14,19,20, !划分面1，依次单击关键点14、19、20进行映射划分AMAP,2,14,20,21,AMAP,3,14,21,31,AMAP,4,14,31,19, !面1到4，为左隧道内开挖土体AMAP,9,60,46,45,AMAP,10,60,45,44, AMAP,11,60,44,47, AMAP,12,60,47,46, !面9到12，为右隧道内开挖土体AMAP,7,21,34,51,31 AMAP,8,31,51,32,19 !面7和8，为左隧道仰拱下土体AMAP,15,44,52,55,47 AMAP,16,47,55,54,46 !面

18、15和16，为右隧道仰拱下土体TYPE, 1 !转换为加固圈土体单元类型和材料MAT, 2AMAP,5,19,32,33,20 !划分左隧道加固圈土体AMAP,6,20,33,34,21 AMAP,13,46,54,53,45 !划分右隧道加固圈土体AMAP,14,45,53,52,44TYPE, 1 !转换为普通土体单元类型和材料MAT, 1AMAP,17,32,56,12,33 !划分左隧道周边区域面AMAP,18,33,12,8,34 AMAP,19,34,8,11,51 AMAP,20,51,11,56,32 AMAP,21,54,57,13,53 !划分右隧道周边区域面AMAP,22

19、,53,13,56,52 AMAP,23,52,56,10,55 AMAP,24,55,10,57,54 AMAP,25,7,8,6,3 !划分左隧道边界面AMAP,26,58,2,9,57 !划分左隧道边界面AMAP,27,57,9,4,59 SAVE !保存数据，本次共划分成1002个四边形单元创建模拟喷射混凝土的梁单元。TYPE, 2 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 3 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数E,2,11 !通过两个节点创建梁单元E,11,12E,12,13E,13,14E,14,15E,15,16E,16,17E,17,10E,10,63

20、E,63,64E,64,65E,65,66E,66,67E,67,68E,68,69E,69,62E,62,122E,122,123E,123,124E,124,125E,125,126E,126,127E,127,128E,128,114E,114,172E,172,171E,171,170E,170,169E,169,168E,168,167E,167,166E,166,2 !以上梁单元为左隧道喷射混凝土部分Save !保存数据E,211,226E,226,225E,225,224E,224,223E,223,222E,222,221E,221,220E,220,219E,219,278E

21、,278,277E,277,276E,276,275E,275,274E,274,273E,273,272E,272,271E,271,331E,331,332E,332,333E,333,334E,334,335E,335,336E,336,337E,337,323E,323,318E,323,381E,381,380E,380,379E,379,378E,378,377E,377,376E,376,375E,375,211 !以上梁单元为右隧道喷射混凝土部分SAVE !保存数据创建CRD开挖中模拟临时支撑的梁单元，如图6-12所示。TYPE, 2 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 3 !设

22、置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数E,1 ,18 !通过两个节点创建梁单元E,18,19E,19,20E,20,21E,21,22E,22,23E,23,24E,24,10E,1,76E,76,75E,75,74E,74,73E,73,72E,72,71E,71,70E,70,62E,1,115E,115,116E,116,117E,117,118E,118,119E,119,120E,120,121E,121,114E,1,3E,3,4E,4,5E,5,6E,6,7E,7,8E,8,9E,9,2 !以上梁单元为左隧道临时支撑喷射混凝土部分Save !保存数据E,

23、210,227E,227,228E,228,229E,229,230E,230,231E,231,232E,232,233E,233,219E,210,285E,285,284E,284,283E,283,282E,282,281E,281,280E,280,279E,279,271E,210,324E,324,325E,325,326E,326,327E,327,328E,328,329E,329,330E,330,323E,210,212E, 212,213E,213,214E,214,215E,215,216E,216,217E,217,218E,218,211Finish !返回上级目

24、录SAVE !保存数据以上梁单元为右隧道临时支撑喷射混凝土部分，共128个梁单元。6.1.2 加载与自重应力场求解/SOL !进入求解器NSEL,S,LOC,X,-65.1,-64.9NSEL,A,LOC,X,64.9,65.1 d,all,ux,0 !在选择的节点上施加“Ux”约束Allsel !选择所有内容NSEL,S,LOC,Y,-22.5,-22.1d,all,uy,0 !在选择的节点上施加“Uy”约束ACEL, 0, 10, 0, !在Y方向施加重力加速度SAVE !施加了位移约束和自重应力场后见图6-13所示。NROPT, FULL, , !采用全牛顿拉普森法进行求解Allsel

25、!选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE竖向位移（PLNSOL,U,Y,0,1）和应力（PLNSOL,S,Y,0,1）如图6-14和图6-15所示。6.1.3 先左洞后右洞开挖模拟分析1 左洞左上部分土体开挖施工模拟分析开挖土体。/post1Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单/SOL !进入求解器Allsel !选择所有内容ANTYPE,REST,1,13,0 !重新启动求解器ASEL,S, , ,

26、2 !选择左洞左上部分土体面ESLA,R !选择左洞左上部分土体单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Save 进行喷锚支护，即激活喷射混凝土衬砌梁单元和临时支撑单元。Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容lsel,s,2, !选择梁单元所在的线lsel,a,34,36,2,NSLL,R,1 !选择线上的节点ESLN,R,1 !选择节点上的单元ESEL,R,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ealive,all !对选择的单元给予“生属性”Save 节点力计算。FINISH /P

27、OST1 !进入后处理器Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S, , , !人工手动选择开挖土体周围的一圈单元图6-16所示NFORCE,ALL !对选择的节点求解节点力Save FINISH /sol !进入求解理器节点力施加，加上节点力和位移边界条件后的模型如图6-17所示。f,1,fx,4.37E-09 !施加X方向集中力f,1,fx,-0.4743E+05 !施加Y方向集中力f,1,fy,0.9367E+05f,10,fx,-0.4789E+05f,10,fy,-0.1099E+06f,18,fx,-0.1116E+06f,18,fy,-0.2069E+05f,19,fx,-0.10

28、41E+06f,19,fy,-0.2041E+05f,20,fx,-0.9727E+05f,20,fy,-0.2031E+05f,21,fx,-0.9131E+05f,21,fy,-0.2034E+05f,22,fx,-0.8623E+05f,22,fy, -0.2040E+05f,23,fx,-0.8191E+05f,23,fy,-0.2042E+05f,24,fx,-0.7817E+05f,24,fy,-0.2032E+05f,62,fx,0.7342E+05f,62,fy,0.6471E+05f,63,fx,-5701f,63,fy,-0.1873E+06f,64,fx,0.2051E+

29、05f,64,fy,-0.1652E+06f,65,fx,0.4760E+05f,65,fy,-0.1410E+06f,66,fx,0.7627E+05f,66,fy,-0.1149E+06f,67,fx,0.1060E+06f,67,fy,-0.8668E+05f,68,fx,0.1340E+06f,68,fy,-0.5737E+05f,69,fx,0.1507E+06f,69,fy,-0.2829E+05f,70,fx,0.1678E+05f,70,fy,0.1740E+06f,71,fx,0.1940E+05f,71,fy,0.1803E+06f,72,fx,0.2109E+05f,72

30、,fy,0.1853E+06f,73,fx,0.2143E+05f,73,fy,0.1903E+06f,74,fx,0.2161E+05f,74,fy,0.1953E+06f,75,fx,0.2150E+05f,75,fy,0.2002E+06f,76,fx,0.2133E+05f,76,fy,0.2051E+06求解计算。Allsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE后处理，两个方向的应力和位移，如图6-18图6-21所示。/post1PLNSOL,U,X,0,1 ! X方向位移PLNSOL,U,Y,0,1 ! Y方向位移PL

31、NSOL,S,X,0,1 ! X方向应力PLNSOL,S,Y,0,1 ! Y方向应力Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE计算下一步开挖计算所施加的节点力，如图6-22所示。ESEL,S, , , !人工手动选择开挖土体周围的一圈单元NFORCE,ALL !对选择的节点求解节点力FINISH !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单Save 2 左洞左下部分土体开挖施工模拟分析开挖土体。/SOL !进入求解器Allsel !选择所有内容ANTYPE,REST,2,13,0 !重新启动求解器ASEL,S, , , 2,3,1 !选择左洞左上和左下部分土体面ESLA,R !

32、选择左洞左上和左下部分土体单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Save 进行喷锚支护，即激活喷射混凝土衬砌梁单元和临时支撑单元。Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容lsel,s,2,9,7, !选择梁单元所在的线lsel,a,36,37,1,NSLL,R,1 !选择线上的节点ESLN,R,1 !选择节点上的单元ESEL,R,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ealive,all !对选择的单元给予“生属性”Save 节点力施加，加上节点力和位移边界条件后的模型如图6-23所示

33、。f,1,fx,-0.7585E+05 !施加X方向集中力f,1,fy,0.5203E+05 !施加Y方向集中力f,62,fx,0.7840E+05f,62,fy,219.8f,114,fx,0.1589E+05f,114,fy,0.1046E+06f,115,fx,-0.8960E+05f,115,fy,-0.5690E+05f,116,fx,-0.5327E+05f,116,fy,-0.6903E+05f,117,fx,-0.5832E+05f,117,fy,-0.7317E+05f,118,fx,-0.6716E+05f,118,fy,-0.7179E+05f,119,fx,-0.766

34、8E+05f,119,fy,-0.6813E+05f,120,fx,-0.8512E+05f,120,fy,-0.6344E+05f,121,fx,-0.9239E+05f,121,fy,-0.5821E+05f,122,fx,0.8784E+05f,122,fy,-0.7074E+05f,123,fx,0.3195E+05f,123,fy,4682f,124,fx,0.1113E+05f,124,fy,0.5868E+05f,125,fx,0.3296E+05f,125,fy,0.6390E+05f,126,fx,0.8549E+05f,126,fy,0.8524E+05f,127,fx,0

35、.1220E+06f,127,fy,0.1426E+06f,128,fx,0.1310E+06f,128,fy,0.2152E+06求解计算。Allsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE后处理，两个方向的应力和位移，如图6-24图6-27所示。/post1PLNSOL,U,X,0,1 ! X方向位移PLNSOL,U,Y,0,1 ! Y方向位移PLNSOL,S,X,0,1 ! X方向应力PLNSOL,S,Y,0,1 ! Y方向应力Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE计算下一步开挖计算所施加的节点力，如图

36、6-28所示。ESEL,S, , , !人工手动选择开挖土体周围的一圈单元。NFORCE,ALL !对选择的节点求解节点力FINISH Save3 左洞右上部分土体开挖施工模拟分析开挖土体。/SOL !进入求解器Allsel !选择所有内容ANTYPE,REST,3,19,0 !重新启动求解器ASEL,S, , , 1,3,1 !选择左洞左上、左下和右上部分土体面ESLA,R !选择左洞左上、左下和右上部分土体单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Save 进行喷锚支护，即激活喷射混凝土衬砌梁单元和临时支撑单元。Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单

37、元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容lsel,s,1,2,1, !选择梁单元所在的线lsel,a,35,37,2,lsel,a,9,NSLL,R,1 !选择线上的节点ESLN,R,1 !选择节点上的单元ESEL,R,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ealive,all !对选择的单元给予“生属性”Save 节点力施加，加上节点力和位移边界条件后的模型如图6-29所示。f,1,fx,8888 !施加X方向集中力f,1,fy,0.1627E+05 !施加Y方向集中力f,2,fx,-0.3130E+05f,2,fy,0.4226E+05f,3,fx,-4424f

38、,3,fy,0.2071E+05f,4,fx,0.1028E+05f,4,fy,0.2229E+05f,5,fx,0.2226E+05f,5,fy,0.2401E+05f,6,fx,0.2950E+05f,6,fy,0.2507E+05f,7,fx,0.3382E+05f,7,fy,0.2565E+05f,8,fx,0.3839E+05f,8,fy,0.2614E+05f,9,fx,0.4493E+05f,9,fy,0.2697E+05 f,10,fx,-0.1884E+05f,10,fy,-0.2575E+06f,11,fx,-5824f,11,fy,-0.1401E+06f,12,fx,-

39、0.1110E+05f,12,fy,-0.1420E+06f,13,fx,-0.2394E+05f,13,fy,-0.1375E+06f,14,fx,-0.3887E+05f,14,fy,-0.1272E+06f,15,fx,-0.5173E+05f,15,fy,-0.1123E+06f,16,fx,-0.6407E+05f,16,fy,-0.9350E+05f,17,fx,-0.6281E+05f,17,fy,-0.1098E+06 求解计算。Allsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE后处理，两个方向的应力和位移，如图6-30图6-33所示。/post1PLNSOL,U,X,0,1 ! X方向位移PLNSOL,U,Y,0,1 ! Y方向位移PLNSOL,S,X,0,1 ! X方向应力PLNSOL,S,Y,0,1 ! Y方向应力Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE（6）计算下一步开挖计算所施加的节点力，如图6-34所示。ESEL,S, , , !人工手动选