牛津上海版九年级初三培优讲义 被动语态

1、.学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目： 学科老师：许丽丽授课类型C 被动语态C 时态语态练习T综合才能授课日期及时段教学内容1. 记忆以下动词不规那么变化1AAA 型 动词原形与过去式，过去分词均同形cost花费 cost cost cut割 cutcut hit打hit hit hurt 伤害 hurt hurt let让 let let put放 putput read 读 read read 2 AAB型动词原形与过去式同形 beat跳动beat beaten 3 ABA型动词原形与过去分词同形 become变成 became become come来 came c

2、ome run跑 ran run 4 ABB型过去式与过去分词同形 dig挖 dug dug get得到 got got hang吊死 hanged hanged hang悬挂 hung hung hold抓住 held held shine照耀 shoneshone sit坐 sat sat win 赢 won won meet遇见 met met keep 保持 kept kept sleep睡 slept slept sweep扫 swept swept feel感觉 felt felt smell闻 smelt smelt leave分开 left left build建立 built

3、 built lend借出 lent lent send 传送 sent sent spend花费 spent spent lose 丧失 lost lost burn 燃烧 burnt burnt learn学习 learnt learnt mean意思是 meant meant catch抓住 caught caught teach教 taught taught bring带来 brought brought fight 战斗 fought fought buy买 bought bought think想 thought thought hear 听见 heardheard sell卖 s

4、old sold tell告诉 told told say说 said said find找到 found found have/has有 had had make制造 made made stand站 stood stood understand明白understood understood 5 ABC型动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形 begin开场 began begun drink喝 drank drunk ring铃响 rang rung sing 唱 sang sung swim游泳 swam swum blow吹blew blown draw 画 drew drawn fly

5、飞 flew flown grow生长grew grown know知道 knew known throw投掷 threw thrown show出示 showedshown break打破broke broken choose选择 chose chosen forget忘记 forgot forgotten forgot speak说，讲 spoke spoken wake醒 woke woke drive驾驶 drove driven eat吃 ate eaten fall落下 fell fallen give给 gave given rise升高 rose risen take取 too

6、k taken mistake弄错 mistook mistaken ride骑 rode ridden write写 wrote written do做 did done go去 went gone lie平躺 lay lain see看见 saw seen wear 穿 wore worn be am, is, are 是was, were been被动语态 一语态概述：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：    English

7、is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句那么指的是句子构造，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词词组作谓语动词的句子，而被动句那么是由被动态动词词组作谓语动词的句子。例如：He opened the door.他开了门。主动句The door was opened.门被开了。被动句二. 被动语态的构成：被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般如今时：amisaretaug

8、ht一般过去时：wasweretaught一般将来时：willshall betaught如今完成时：havehas beentaught记忆歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。三. 被动语态的用法：1. 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：1 Some new computers were stolen last night.      一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。不知道电脑是谁偷的2 This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。2. 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：1 This boo

9、k was written by him.这本书是他写的。2 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。记忆歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。四. 主动语态变被动语态的方法：1. 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2. 把谓语变成被动构造be过去分词，根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主  动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。3. 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：1 All the people laughed

10、 at him.= He was laughed at by all people.2 They make the bikes in the factory.= The bikes are madeby themin the factory.记忆歌诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分来使用。五. 本卷须知编辑1.不及物动词无被动语态。The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。这些动词主语以物居多，谓语动词一般表示主语的性质和特征。这类动词有许多，如: write, b

11、reak, selld等。This pen writes well.This new book sells well.3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。 感官动词有smell,sound,taste,fell等。使役动词有let,make,have,help,hear,see,watch,notise,look,listen.例：make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do somethingsomebody +be +s

12、een to do somethingA girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.The boss made the little boy do heavy work.The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.His mother gave him a present for his birthday. He was given a present by his mother

13、 for his birthday.4.假如是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语物作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father.5.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。We can&#

14、39;t laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us.He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.6.一些表示状态的动词没有被动语态。如：have, belong to等。例如：1 We can repair this watch in two days. = Thi

15、s watch can be repaired in two days.2 You ought to take it away. = It ought to be taken away.3 They should do it at once. = It should be done at once.被动语态最全专项练习一、选择题 1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build 2. An accident _ on this road las

16、t week.A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 3.Cotton棉花 _ in the southeast of China.A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 4.So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited 5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school

17、hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 6.How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted 7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be done 8.-When _ this

18、 kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 10.Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written 11.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told u

19、s B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us 12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 13.The school bag _ behind the chair. A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted D. can put 14.Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looke

20、d after 15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。请注意时态和语态两个方面噢1.It's said据说 that the long bridge_buildin two months2.Where to have the meeting _ discussnow3.Which language _the most widely_speakin the world？4.The lost

21、 boy_not findso far5.Last year a large number of trees_cutdown6. The students _ often _tell to take care of their desks and chairs.7. The old man is ill. He _ must send to the hospital.8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ sell in this shop.9. What _ knives _ make of ? They_make of metal金属 and wood.10. Ca

22、n the magazine _ take out of the library?11. The room _ clean by me every day.12. The stars cant _ see in the daytime.13. Some flowers _ water by Li Ming already.14. This kind of shoes _ sell well.15. How long _ your uncle _be in the city?16. The food _ smell delicious.17. Look! Someone _dance.三、按要求

23、改写以下句子，一空一词。1.Is tea grown in South China？改为主动语态_ people _ tea in South China？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year同义句转换A birthday present _ _ _ _by my parents every year3.The work is going to be finished in two days. 对划线提问How_ _ the work going to be finished ?4. The children will

24、 sing an English song. 改为被动语态 An English song _ _ _ by the children.5. You needn't do it now. 改为被动语态 It _ _ _ by you now.6. People use metal for making machines. 改为被动语态 Metal _ _ _making machines.7. He made me do that for him. 改为被动语态 I _ _ _ _ that for him.8.They are watching the football match.

25、The football match _ _ _ by them.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? 改为被动语态 _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago?10.They have sold out the light green dresses. 改为被动语态 The light green dresses _ _ _ out.11.We call the game “Lianliankan. 改为被动语态The game _ _ “Lianliankan by us.四、以下各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过

26、来。I have a lot of homework to be done tonight _Is your history teacher listened carefully in class？ _Lei Feng's name remembered by all Chinese people _The music is sounded beautiful. _By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _Answers一、选择题2×15=30分1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 1

27、0. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。1×20=20分请注意时态和语态两个方面噢1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been

28、16. smells 17 is dancing三、按要求改写以下句子，一空一词。 1×30=30分1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. neednt be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。 1×10=10分 was bought for me Is made in China covered

29、 with五、以下各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。 10分be done改为 do listened改为 listened to remembered 改为 was remembered is sounded 改为sounds By who 改为 By whom被动语态专项练习一单项选择1. Good books _ again and again.A. should be readed B. should be readC. must read D. ought to read2. The children _ by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked

30、afterC. were looked after D. looked3. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them.A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listenedC. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen4. When_ the accident _ ?A. was, happen B. did, happenC. is, happen D. was, happened5. The questi

31、on _ by us soon.A. is going to discuss B. will discussC. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed6. The lab _ about five years ago.A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built7. A lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the last three years.A. have set up B. have been set up C. w

32、ere set up D. set up8. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished9. Rice _ also _ in their hometown.A. isgrown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown10. He _ by the teachers.A. is always praised B. PraisesC. have been pra

33、ised D. always is praised11. Great changes _ place. Many new schools_ .A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are openC. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened12. The picture_ in October, 2019.A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken13. We can't use the bridge now, bec

34、ause it_ .A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired14. I _the way to the railway station by a policeman.A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing15. The war_ in 1941.A. broke out B. had been broken outC. was broken out D. had broken out16. When water_ , it wi

35、ll be changed into vapour.A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats17. We can't enter the room because its door_ .A. locked B. Locks C. is locked D. is locking18. They _day and night.A. are made work B. are made to workC. made to be worked D. are making to work19. Chang'an Road is _of p

36、eople.A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled20. Man-made satellites _into space by many countries.A. was sent up B. is sent upC. have been sent up D. has been sent up21. This English song _ often _ by the children.A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung22.The windows of our house _once a

37、week.A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned23. When _ the People's Republic of China_ ?A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found24. Mary's radio _ by my brother just now.A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended25. Your exercise books _ afte

38、r class.A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in26. Some trees may _ at other times of the year.A. be planted B. Plant C. are planted D. will be planted27. The sun _ at night as usual.A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see28. A new English pl

39、ay _ there next week.A. will put on B. will be put on C. is going to put on D. will be putted on29. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday.A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen30. The glass _ . It _ by little Tom this morning.A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was

40、 brokenC. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken把以下句子改为被动语态1. I saw the boy run yesterday.2. He told me that he would come back soon.3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.4. Do you water your flowers every day?5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.6. I think th

41、at he is right.7. He had not thrown the bad food.8. Mother was not mending the trousers.9. They would not take him to Beijing.10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.参考答案单项选择1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C21.B 22. D 23.

42、B 24. C 25.D26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B、把以下句子改为被动语态1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.2. I was told that he would come back soon.3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.4. Are your flowers watered every day?5. The big tree was blown down last night.6. It is th

43、ought that he is right.7. The bad food had not been thrown.8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.9. He would not be taken to Beijing.10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.被动语态专项练习二一、单项选择 1.Do you often clean your classroom?Yes. Our classroom _ every day.A. clean B.cleans C

44、.is cleaned D.is cleaning 2.A talk on developments in science and technology_in the school hall next week.A. given B.will be given C.has been givenD.give 3.His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published 4.Did you go to Jacks birthday party?N

45、o,I_.A. am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invite 5.Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack?When your homework_,you can.A. is done B.was done C.does D.did 6.Twentyyearolds should not_to drive in China.A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed. 7.Seeing him rush into the room with tear

46、s in his eyes,I asked him what_.A.would happen B.had happenedC.happened D.was happened. 8.The book Businessthe Speed of Thought _in 2019.A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written. 9.Trees and flowers_every year to make our country more beautiful.A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were plan

47、ted. 10.Chinas sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang_Good Will Ambassadors亲善大使for Shang hai.A.has been named B.have been namedC.has named D.have named. 11.The earth is our home.It _well.A.must be protected B.should protectC.need protectD.should protected. 12.In recent years, many children are made _ what they are not_.A.to do;interested in B.to do;interestedC.do;interested D.do;interested. 13._a new library_in your school