语法填空代词

1、语法填空（4）代词第一部分考点精讲精练主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem考点1.代词做同位语英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分九种：人称代词 分为主格（如：I, you, he等）和宾格（如： me, you, him ）。物主代词 分为形容词物主代词（如： my， his， your ,）和名词性物主代词 （如：mine, his, yours ）指示代词 常见的有四个：this这，that那,these这些,those那些反身代词 女口： myself我自己，himself他 自己，themselves 他们自己疑问代词用

2、在特殊疑问句中。有：who,whom, whose, what, which 。如：Whois thatboy?不定代词女口： some many both everyth ing,等关系代词引导定语从句。如：Thisis theboy whowon the race.相互代词指 each other 与one another ,意为“互相”连接代词疑问代词在引导从句时，都称为连接代词，包括 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whomever, whichever, whatever ，一共九个。人称代词分为主格和宾格：我你他她它我 们你 们他们如果

3、代词和名词指代相同时，常用主格或宾 格作同位语，不用物主代词。改错： Our Chin ese people are frien dly.把our改为we,因为我们本身就是中国人。考点2.用人称代词宾格代替主格的情况 口语中作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，不用主格。Who is it? It ' s me. 在比较句型中，as和than后的主格可以 用宾格代替。I am taller tha n she/her.He is as tall as she/her. but, except作 除了"时并且位于主语之 后是，后面可以跟主格也可跟宾格。Nobody but/except

4、he/him knew it. 人称代词单独出现时，常用宾格。Who runs faster, you or me?第1讲指示代词指示代词一般指：this, that, these 和 those考点 1. this, thatthis常指后面要讲到的事物， 有启下的作用； that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this, the En glish party will be held on Saturday after noon.He hurt his leg yesterday. That' s why he di（come1. 【200

5、7 浙江】 一He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.When was that?It was in 2000 whe n he was still in college.2. 【2008 辽宁】 一Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?Victoria Street? That is where the Grand Theatre is.考点2. that指代前面提到的名词，后总是伴随着限制性的后置修饰语that可以代指可数名词也可代指不可数名

6、?词。it和that都替代"the+单数名词(可数或不可 数)"，都是特指，但it指前面提到的"同一 ” 事物，而that是指前面提到的"同类”事物。如： 【2001 全国】The Parkers bought a new house but it will n eed a lot of work before they can move in. 【1999 全国】Few pleasures can equal that of a cool drink on a hot day.如果前面名词是可数名词复数时，要用those而不用that。3. 【2005

7、 江苏】rm movi ng to thecoun tryside because the air there is much fresher tha n that in the city.A. ones B. one C. that D. those4. Our furn iture is much cheaper tha nyou bought last year .5. 【2008 全国 I 】 The English spoken in the Un ited States is only slightly differe nt from spoke n in En gla nd.6.

8、 【2009 全国 I 】One of the most importantquesti ons they had to con sider was of public health.7. 【2012 浙江】Studying Wendy's menu , I found that many of the items are similar toof McD on ald's .第2讲不定代词没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或 形容词的词叫做不定代词，常用的不定代 词如下：all, any, another, both, each, every, either, every, few

9、, little, many, much, no, none, n either, one, other, some 以及由 some, any, no, every 禾口 body, one, thing 构成的复合 词考点1. one不可指代不可数名词1. 【2011 重庆】Silly me! I forget whatmy luggage looks like.What do you thi nk ofover there?考点2. one作同位语2. 【2002 全国】Meeting my uncle after all these years was an un forgettabl

10、e mome nt， one I will always treasure.3. Can I help you? I ' d like to buy a gt for my mother, at a proper price but of great use.考点 3. one, it, ( the one, the ones)的区别在指代时，one可以替换为：a+名词，而it 指特定的某一个，相当于 the+名词4. 【2011 福建】 We have various summer camps for your holidays, you can choose based on yo

11、ur own in terests.5. 【2005 江西】Cars do cause us some health problems in fact far more serious onestha n mobile pho nes do.6. 【2007 陕西】 一There is still a copy of thebook in the library. Will you go and borrow?No, I ' d rather buy_ in the bookstore. 考点4. each, every表示 每一"时的区别 从数量上：each用于两个或两个以

12、上的人 或物，而every用于三个或三个以上的 人或物。也就是说，只有两个时，必须用 each,三个及三个以上时， 用each和every 都行。）Each/Every stude nt has a computer. 从意义上：each侧重于个体，强调每一个”而every侧重于整体，强调 全部”。Each student has a computer. 每个学生者E 有台电脑。Every student has a computer. 所以的学生 都有台电脑 从词性上：every只能作形容词，而each可做代词和形容词和副词。Each boy has eate n one apple. （e

13、ach 为形容 词）Each of them has eate n one apple. （each 为代词）They each have eate n one apple. （each 为 代词，作同位语）They have eate n one apple each. （each 为 副词）改错： There are many tall trees on every side of the road. Every of the students in our class has a dictio nary.改为： 把every改为each,因为路只有两条边，而every用于三者及三者以上。

14、 把Every改为Each,或在Every后加one。考点5. any, either表示任何一个"时的区 别 any表示 任何"的意思，用于三者及三者以上。Any child can do that.（定语）You may take any of them.（宾语） either是 两者中任何一个"的意思，可修 饰或代替单数可数名词。女口： Here are two pens. You may take either of them.（宾语） 有时，either可以与each相互换。There are many trees on either/each side

15、 of the road.7. 【2009 陕西】Jane was asked a lot ofquestions, but she didn' ahyncslWerthem.8. 【2010 重庆】He had lost his temper and his health in the war and n ever found of them aga in.考点 6. neither, both 与 all ; none, （both 与all表示部分否定） both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示 完全否定时，用 neither。如：Both of us are not teache

16、rs.我们俩并不者E是教师。Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是 教师。 all用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用 none。如：Not all the ants go out for food.（or: All the ants don ' t go out for food.） 并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不 是我的。 另外，neither是 两者中没有一个"的意思，可以做形容词，修饰或代替单数可数名词，它所修饰的名词用单数形式， 后面的谓语也用单数形式。如Neitherb

17、oy knows Fren ch.9. 【1998 全国】 一Can you come on Mon day or Tuesday ?I ' m afraidday is possible.10.【2006 浙江】If you can ' t decide which ofthe two books to borrow, why don' t youtake? I won ' t read them this week.考点 7.none, no one, no body 的区另 U no one, nobody只指人，nothing 指没有 什么事物，none

18、兼指人和物。 用作主语时，no one、nobody后的谓语 动词一般用单数，按传统语法，两者之后 均不能接of短语。none代替不可数名 词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代 替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单 数也可用复数形式。None后可跟of短语。 女口： No one （ Nobody） knows.谁也不 知道。No one （Nobody ） likes it.没人喜 欢它。 none往往暗示有一定的范围（这种范围通常就表现在其后的of短语上），着眼于数量概念，”特指的人或物一个也没有， 一点儿也没有 "。而 no one 或 no body 则不暗示这种范围，即指谁都没

19、有。体会下面的两组对话：A : Did any of your friends come to see you?你的朋友当中有谁来看过你吗？B: None. 个也没来。A : Did anyone come to see you? 有人来 看过你吗？B: No one （Nobody ）.谁也没来 在回答 how many 或 how much 的提问 时，通常用none,而在回答 who的提问时，通常用 no one或nobody。体会： A : How many English books have you read?你读过多少本英文书？B : None. 本也没读。A : How muc

20、h money did you give her? 你 给了她多少钱？B : None. 分也没给。A : Who went to see the film? 谁去看电影 了 ?B : No one【Nobody】.谁也没去。考点 8.another, other, others, the other, theothers , the rest “the other +名词复数”或用the others）表 示 其余的全部 ” ;“ othe+复数名词（或用others）泛指 其他的（别的）人或 物”（并不有意强调全部）。女口：Five of the pencils are red, the

21、others （the other pens） are yellow.Some are singing, and others are dancing.（others泛指其余的，指其余的绝大部分。 暗示可能有极少数既没唱歌也没跳舞。如 果用the others则只剩余的全部， 表示其余 的无一例外都在跳舞。）some ,some ,some,others 意为一止匕.止匕.一些”。the other强调剩下的这一个，此时只有一个；常出现在 onethe othe中,用于两者之间。如：He got two books; one is a textbook, the other is a no v

22、el.也可用于其它表示只剩下这一个”的情况。如：There were three boys in the classroom. One is Tom, ano ther is Joh n, and the other is Ken.an other修饰或代替单数可数名词，用于三 个或三个以上”指代剩下的两个或两个以 上中的一个。This coat is too dark. Please show me an other.（宾语，外衣总数为为三件及三件 以上。除去这个外衣之外，剩下的起码有 两件；如果只剩一件的话，就要用theother。）one another/a second a third

23、 theother 常用语列举，意为一个一Shanghai is larger than any other city in Chi na. one way or another 以某种方式； 无论如何。Every one at the party was related ( in ) one way or another. These bills have to be paid one way or ano ther.11. 【2011 陕西】-Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitche n, dear?-Ano ther one?

24、个一个一个”用于三者或三者以 上的排列。 an other还可表示 再，又”（参看： P错误!未定义书签。many more + 名词，much more + 名词，与 another） the rest既可代替可数名词，也可代替不可 数名词,而 another, other, others, the other（s） 只能代替可数名词。 else只能放在复合不定代词或者疑问词后。如：Did you see anybody else?你还看见别的人吗？Who else was at the party?聚会上还有谁 each other, one another（相互）,按传统语 法，each

25、 other 指两者；而 one another 指 三者或三者以上。但在现代英语中，两者常可互换。如：You should help each other one ano ther. 你们应该互相帮助。We know each other ' s one another'points.我们都彼此了解对方的缺点。12. 【2000 全国】If you want to change for adouble room you ' ll have to pay$ 15.13. 【2010 安徽】You are the team star!Work ing withis rea

26、lly your cup oftea.14. 【2009 重庆】Over the past 20 years, theInternet helped cha nge our world in one way orfor the better.15. 【2010 全国 1 I'll spend half of my holidaypractic ing En glish andhalflear ning draw ing.考点 9. something,everything,nothing,anything something意为重要的人物”相当于somebody。She thinks

27、she ' something since she won the beauty con test.选美比赛得了奖，她就自以为了不起了。She acts as if she were somethi ng since she won the prize.自从获奖以来她就表现得自命不凡了。联系： He thinks he is somebody but he iss weaobody.他自以为了不起，实际他一文不名。 one after another( 一个接一个 ),女口： rm not surprised he's feeling ill - he was eating o

28、ne ice-cream after ano ther! something还可表示重要的事物”These pain ti ngs were really someth ing 这些画确实出色。 “anyother +单数名词”别的/其他的任 何一个）I think you may have something there. 我认为在那方面你可能是有道理的。 something of a (an) +n表示可以说是个的意思。Dr. James is a scholar and something of a philosopher.詹姆斯博士是个学者，也可以说是个不错的哲学家。联系：He isn

29、't much of a cook16.【2007重庆】Jim sold most of his thin gs.He has hardlyleft in the house.17.【2011湖南】I know thatwouldever discourage him; he would n ever give up wanting to be a director.考点 10. every one 与 every oneeveryone是一个词，只用来指人，等于 everybody，在它后面不能跟介词of; everyone是两个词，既可用来指人，也可用来指物， 等于each one

30、,后面可跟介词of。请看以下例 句： Everyone of the children likes this game.（误）每个孩子都喜欢这个游戏。Every one of the children likes this game.（正） Every on e/Everybody in our class isin terested in lear ning En glish.我们班上每个人都爱学英语。（Every one用作主语） Not every on e（everybody） in the USA isrich.在美国并不是人人都富裕。（every one用作主语）【链接】every

31、day日常的，every day每天He recites everyday En glish every day.他每天被日常英语。考点11. everybody/something等人称代词替代问题anyone/ an ybody/somebody/everybody 指个体时，谓语动词用 单数：Has anyone a dict ionary he can lend me?.Every one in our class goes in for sports. 指 全部、无一例外"时，anyone/anybody 在附加问句中，则其主语用 复数代词 表示 此意：Anybody ca

32、n enter for the race, can they?Every one in our class goes in for sports, don 'they? 在口语中，特别是对话中，为避免明确指 出所指对象的性别，Everybody was wearing their shorts.I told every one to run as fast as they can.something, everything 谓语动词用单数(包括在反意问句的陈述和疑问部分中):Everything has gone wrong today, hasn 't it ?第3讲反身代词

33、第 4 讲反身代词指：myself, yourself, himself,herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves,themselves表示单数的反身代词以self结尾；表示复数的反身代词以selves结尾；第一人称和第二人称前面用的是物主代词； 第三人称前面用的是代词宾格。反身代词有两种用法：反射，强调反射：反身代词指代主语，与指代的名词或代词 形成互指关系。反身代词和人称代词作宾 语时具有不同的含义。如：He saw himself in the mirror.他在镜子里看见了他自己。（himself ,he为同一人）He saw him in the

34、mirror.他在镜子里看见了他。（him显然指另外一 人）因此当宾语和主语指代同一人时，要用反 身代词，不能用人称代词。We enjoyed ourselves very much last ni ght.我们昨晚玩得很开心。Please help yourself to some fish. 请你随便 吃点鱼。I could not dress （myself） up at that time.那个时候我不能打扮我自己。She seated herself by the win dow.她拣了窗边的一个座位坐下来。I like to travel by myself.I am not my

35、self today.我今天不舒服。She was beside herself with grief.她悲伤过度，神经失常了。Behave yourself, children.孩子们，规矩点。 The girl fell off her bike and hurt herself.女孩从自行车上摔下来，受了伤。强调：常做同位语I myself heard him say so yesterday.我昨天亲自听他这么说的。She did it herself. （=She herself did it .）她自己做的。The story itself is not in teresti ng

36、.故事本身并不令人感到有趣1. 【2010 上海】If our pare nts do everythi ng for us childre n, we won't lear n to depe nd on2. 【2006 福建】.-Who called me thismorning whe n I was not in?A man calli ngRobert.3. 【2007 上海春】Treatto a glass of wineto help you relax at the end of the day.第5讲it的其它用法第6讲it做形式主语或宾语，代指后面的不定式或动名词或

37、句子1. 【2010 全国 2】The doctor thoughtwould be good for you to have a holiday.2. Why don ' t you bringto his attentionthat now stude nts are beari ng too heavylear ning load?3. You may depend onthat he willturn up in time.4. 【2011 山东】The two girls are so alikethat stra ngers finddifficult to tell on

38、efrom the other.5. 【2011 天津】 We feelour duty tomake our country a better place.6. 【2012 陕西】No matter where he is, hemakesa rule to go for a walk beforebreakfast.7. Will you see tothat the luggage isbrought back?考点1.用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等 It ' s half an hour' s walk from hereschool.（指距离） It s ni

39、ce and warm here指天气、气候） But it's two o'clock now, and it's timefor us to go to school .（指时间）8. They live on a busy main road.mustbe very no isy.A. There B. It C. That D. They考点2.不知性别是婴儿常用it9. Mary is expect ing ano ther baby and hopesit will be a boy.考点3. it用以指身份不明的人it用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人，

40、则不宜用it。试比较： Mr. Smith is at the door.wants to seeyou. Some one is at the door. must be Mr.Smith.考点4.强调句型10. Who is making so much noise in thegarde n?the childre n.A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are11. Who wasthat called him “ comrad考点 5. I like it when在通常情况下，like是及物动词，其后 应有宾语(句中it即为其宾语)。句

41、中的 when从句不是宾语从句，而是时间状语从 句，其中的when的意思是 当的时候”其实，也有的词典将I don ' t like it wh (if) 作为一个句型来处理。能这样用的动词不多，主要的有enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate 等表示喜 好的动词。She won ' t like it if you arrive late.她不喜欢你迟到。He hates it whe n people use his bike.他讨厌别人用他的自行车。12. 【1998 全国】I hatewhen people

42、 talkwith their mouths full.13. 【2006 山东】I' d appreciateif youwould like to teach me how to use the computer.14. 【2004 全国 I 】I likein the autumnwhe n the weather is clear and bright.考点 6. I can ' t help it/ can help it/ candoing/can ' t help but docan't help doing= can' t helpWiu

43、无法控制、忍不住做某事、不能停止做某事She talked too much； she couldn 'help it / herself.He failed in the exam ination and could n' tfeeli ng sad.他考试没通过，不由得不感到难过。You can' t help but respect them. 你不能不尊敬他们。Sue doesn ' always mean to be so rude but sometimes she just can't help herself.I always get a

44、ngry with him. I just can't help it.e”c?n ' t hel不能制止，不能控制 ”那么canhelp就是能制止，能控制住”【2006 全国 I】If I can help, I don ' tlike work ing late into the ni ght.A. so B. that C. it D. them本句的意思为 要是我能制止得住的话，我也不愿意工作到深夜”。又如：en I can ' t help it if he doesn' t come.如果他不来，我也没办法。We can ' t he

45、lp it that things went badly.没有办法，事情进展得不顺利。考点7. make it的用法 表示事业获得成功You will make it if you try.你会成功的，如果你努力的话。He' s n ever really made it as an actor.他当演员从未有所成就。 表示某人做成某事You needn ' t worry; he will make it.你不必担心，他会办成的。I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he ma

46、de it at last.我原以为他年纪大爬不到山顶，但最后他 还是爬上去了。3. For a number of pupils, their teacher ' sadvice is more importa nt tha nof theirparents '.4. 表示设法做到某事I ' ve been having violin lessons every two weeks, but I think I' ll make it every wfrom now on.我一直是每两个星期上一次小提琴课，但6.是我想从现在起每个星期都上课。Life in the city is differe nt fromin thecoun try.Mum, have you see n my mobile phone?you bought last week? I' m afrai( I haven ' t seen.For Tim this was the begi nning of a new life,he thought he w