定语从句讲义

1、定语从句讲义定语从句是由关系代词、关系副词引导，位于先行词之后，对先行词起修饰限定的作用关系代词：which that who whom whose as关系副词：when where why分为 限制性定从（对先行词进行限定修饰，其中作宾语的that which whom可省）非制定性定从（对先行词进行解释说明，其中任何引导词不可省）把下列各组句子合并成一句。1. The letter is from my uncle. I received it yesterday._2. The teacher saw what happened. He was standing nearby._3.

2、The girl is not here now. She told me the news._4. This is the tree. He was climbing it yesterday._5. Do not drink water. It has not been boiled._6. The student is in the room. His name is Tom._7. The house is our library. Its door is painted red._8. I always remember the days. We spent them togethe

3、r_一 that / which 指物时的区别（1） 先行词为不定代词 如 all much little something nothing anything none时用thatHe didnt tell me anything that could help solve the problem.（2） 先行词被序数词、最高级 the very the only 等修饰时用thatThe first book that was written for the English beginners was published in the 18th century.（3） 先行词既指人又指物时

4、用thatThe hardworking farmers and their happy life that we witnessed in the country made a good impression on me.（4） which开头的问句为避免再出现重复所以只能用thatWhich is the house that you bought a few days ago?不能用that的情况（5） 介词+关系代词（which）The house in which I used to live has become a shop.（6） 非限制性定从 She lost the gam

5、e, which depressed her greatly.（7） 后有插入语Here is the book which, as Ive told you, will help you improve your English.（8） 先行词本身是thatI dont like that which he did.二、用who不宜用that（1）先行词为指人得不定代词 one ones anyoneAnyone who breaks the law shall be punished.（2）先行词为指人的thoseThose who have good manners will be re

6、spected.三 whose的用法(先行词既可以是人也可以是物Please pass me the book whose cover is green.(=the cover of whichHe is the man whose car was stolen.介词+whoseHe is the boss in whose company I worked for 2 years.The old man with whose son I work is a doctor.It was a terrible earthquake from whose effect people are sti

7、ll suffering now.四 as引导限制性及非限制性定从（1）用于先行词有as ,so ,such , the same 修饰的限制性定从You can take as many books as you need.I havent so much money as you want.Jeffrey isnt such an intelligent person as you think.Many people have the same experience as you do.其中需要注意：1、以上定从中先行词作主语或宾语 2、区分suchthat / sothat引导的结果状语

8、从句中that不作任何成分It is such a heavy suitcase that I cant move it. (状从It is such a heavy suitcase as no one can move (关系代词as作move宾语（2）as修饰整个主句，引导非限制性定从(位置可以在句首或句中He is a great hero, as is mentioned in the report.As we all know, he is a famous star.She, as we all know, can speak four languages.五、as / whic

9、h修饰整个主句时引导非限制性定从的区别（1）位置区别 as可放在句首、句中、句末而which只放在主句后（2）as有“正如”之意常用于: as is known as is said above as can be seen as is often the case as we all know as is known to all（3）定从的谓语跟的是一个复合结构时，一般用whichHe admires everyone in the class, which I find strange.六、先行词为way表某人做某事的方式时用that / in which引导或者可以省去引导词There

10、 are varieties of ways (that / in which we can solve the problem.七、名词/代词+介词+关系代词（whom/ which）Some/ many / the larger / the largest/ most of whom/whichEg. 1Here are the questions, some of which are difficult to answer.2 Present at the meeting are experts on DNA, many of whom come from the US.(非限定从 ，

11、and some of them come from the US.（并列句） , some of them coming from the US.（独立主格）八介词+关系代词+to do 1 Here is the money with which to buy a piano.(with which you can buy a piano2He has no house in which to live. (in which he can live3I want to make friends with the man from whom to improve my English.(fr

12、om whom I can improve my English4I am looking for a bag in which to put my books.(in which I can put my books九介词+关系代词 表地点场所时置于定从句首时使用全部倒装1）Near the window is a large desk , on which lies a new computer.2This is our school, in front of which stands a big tree.十抽象地点名词如 situation, case ,point, circumst

13、ance,作先行词用where引导定语从句1）The accident had reached the point where both their parents had to be called in .2 Can you think of a case where this word can be used.3 Nursing is a career where love and patience matter much.十一、特殊结构的定语从句1. 强调句式插入其中1）It was in the lab( that was set up a year ago that he finis

14、hed his experiment.2 Could it be in the restaurant where you had dinner with me yesterday that you lost your handbag?2. 关系词与其他成分之间插入sb think/ believe等插入语That evening, some people saw something that they thought was a UFO flying across the sky.He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of

15、great importance to science.十二、与同位语从句的区别The order that we should leave at once was received.The order that we received yesterday was that we should leave at once.十三、定语从句与分词形式的定语和状语的转换(1 The girl (who is dancing now is my sister.(2 I loved the stories (which were written by Hemingway.(3 This is my house which stands at the top of the hill.(=standing(4 My sister, who lived in France for ages, now lives in Beijing.(=having lived(5 My mother, who hasnt been used to livin