山东省临沂市2020年中考英语试题（含答案解析）.docx

1、山东省临沂市2020年中考英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、单项选择1. Do you want lea or coffee?is OK. I really dont mind.A. NeitherB. BothC. Either2. Thanks for letting us borrow your camera. Weit to you next Monday.A. returnB. will returnC. have returned3. Ils hard to turn down a banana. They taste good and you dont have to wash

2、themeating them.A.untilB.afterC.before4. Only plants and animals that need very little waterlive in a desert.A.canB.needC.must5. Kelly White loves all sports,skating.A.graduallyB.seriouslyC.especially6. Most of us enjoyto our mothers speak, because our brains greatly prefer thevoices of our own moth

3、ers.A. listeningB. listenC. to listen7. We will cause less pollutionwe can find ways to reuse or recycle morerubbish.A. unlessB. ifC. though8. do people greet visitors? Some shake hands. Some say hello or hi. Somekiss.A. WhyB. WhatC. How9. We have tothe school trip because of the bad weather.A.put o

4、ffB. getoffC.turnoff10. In America, Thanksgiving is a holidaycelebrates the iove of family.A.whoB. /C.that二、短文选词填空 所以空格处填especially。故选C。6. A【详解】句意：我们大多数人都喜欢听母亲说话，因为我们的大脑非常喜欢自己母亲的声音。考查非谓语动词o listen听。listening动名词；listen动词原形；to listen动词不定式enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，是固定搭配。此处用动名词作宾语。故选A。7. B【详解】句意：如果我们可以找到重复使

5、用或回收更多垃圾的方法，我们就可以减少污染。考查从属连词辨析。unless除非；if如果;though虽然。根据句意可知,“找到重复使用或回收更多垃圾的方法是“减少污染的假设条件，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，故选B。8. C【详解】句意：人们如何跟访客打招呼？ 一些人握手。一些人说你好或“嗨一些人亲吻。考查特殊疑问句辨析。why为什么:what什么；how如何。根据Some shake hands. Some say “hello” or ”hi”. Some kiss“一些人握手。一些人说“你好”或“嗨”。一些人亲吻”，可知，此空是 对打招呼的方式进行提问，所以空格处填how。故选C。9.

6、 A【详解】句意：因为天气不好，我们不得不推迟学校郊游。考查动词短语。put off推迟，拖延；get off下车；turn off关闭。根据题干中because of the badweather”推知是“推迟郊游活动”。故选A。10. C【详解】句意：在美国，感恩节是一个庆祝家庭之爱的节日。考查定语从句辨析。who指人的关系代词；/不填；that既可指人乂可指物的关系代词。根据 句子结构，此句是一个定语从句。先行词holiday指物，在从句中作主语，关系词不可省略， 所以空格处填thato故选C。12. F13. A14. D15. B【分析】文章大意：这是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国黑人民

7、权运动领袖一一马丁路德金的事迹。 他终其一生都在为非裔美国人的生活而奋战，文中还详细介绍了非裔美国人当时的处境。11. 句意：在他的一生中，他一直努力让非裔美国人的生活更美好。考查动词短语。结合选项，由后面的for African-Americans可推知此处用make life better表 示使生活更美好”。故选E。12. 句意：白人用船把他们带到美国，把他们当奴隶买卖，强迫他们工作。考查动词。结合选项，由后面的as slaves and forced them to work”判断是被卖作奴隶，用sold 表示卖故选已13. 句意：虽然他们在美国内战后获得白由，但他们的生活在很长一段时

8、间内并没有发生太 大的变化。考查连词。逗号前后的句子存在让步关系，此处讲虽然获得自由，但生活并未发生大变化, 用“Although”引导让步状语从句。故选A。14. 句意：在20世纪50年代，非洲裔美国人不被允许在美国南部做很多事情。考查被动语态o 由下一句“They could not walk on the footpath when a white person was on it.可推知是不被允许做许多事情，用were not allowed表示“不被允许”。故选D。15. 句意：当他们在公共汽车上时，他们不得不把座位让给白人。考查动词短语。由前面的When they were on

9、a bus结合选项可知要用“give their scats表示 “让位故选B。16. C17. B18. F19. A20. D【分析】 本文讲述了马丁路德金认为法律应该是公平的，黑人和白人应该做同样的事。他做了一个 著名的演讲，他说他有一个梦想，那就是黑人和白人能够和平相处。他在历史上非常重要， 因为他改变了很多非裔美国人的生活。16.句意：1955年12月，一位名叫罗莎帕克斯的女士拒绝给一位白人男子让座。根据后文的This made the bus driver angry and he called the police.,可知,这让公交司机生气，因此表示她拒绝给一位白人男子让座，re

10、fuse to do sth拒绝做某事”，故选C。17.句意：他说，法律应该是公平的，他们应该能够做和白人一样的事情。根据they should be able to do the same things as white people.可知，黑人和白人能做样的 事，因此表示公平的，用形容词fair。故选B。18.句意：他呼吁非裔美国人停止乘坐公共汽车。根据后文的“The bus companies （公司）lost money.”可知，公交公司损失了钱，因此表示很多 黑人停止乘坐公交车。故选F。19.句意：他在那里做了一个著名的演讲。根据后文的He said he had a dream t

11、hat black and white people would live together可知,他在 演讲里说的内容，故选A。20.句意：他说他有一个梦想，那就是黑人和白人能够和平相处。修饰动词短语live together用副词或介词短语，故选D。16. B17. B18. A19. A【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了世界上第一位人工智能机器人艺术家。21. 细节理解题。根据第 I 段中She looks like any artist at work. However, the beep . beep . beep noise from her arm gives her away. Ai-

12、Da is, in fact, a robot.可知 Ai-Da 并不是一位真正 的艺术家，而是一位机器人。陈述与原文不符。故填B。22. 细节理解题。根据第 3 段中“Since 2006, scientists have been developing software to turn photos into drawings ”可知“自2006年以来科学家们一直在开发软件将照片变成画作陈述 与原文不符。故填B”23. 细节理解题。根据第 4 段中“In June, Ai-Da opened her first exhibition at Oxford.”可知在 6月，艾达在牛津大学成功地

13、举办了她的第一个展览，并吸引了很多参观者。陈述与原文 相符。故填A。24. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Aidan Meller 的话Al is going to be the big thing of the 2020s. That influences us greatly.可知Aidan Meller认为人工智能将成为21世纪20年代的大事，将 对人类的生活影响极大。陈述与原文相近。故填A。25. C26. B27. A28. C【分析】本文主要讲了亚马逊河。亚马逊河是世界上第二长河，它的淡水最最大；亚马逊河有90英 里宽，这条河也很深（从22米到76米）；世界上最嗜血的鱼是亚马逊的食人

14、鱼；你打算去 亚马逊旅行吗？25.推理判断题。根据第二段内容4tThc current can be seen 200 miles out in the sea. Theres a story to show the Amazons amazing current. A ship sailed.Just put your buckets （桶）into the sea.”可知， 人们是可以喝亚马逊河的水的，故选项A错误；根据本段内容可知，文中没有说在雨季游 览亚马逊河不好，故选项B错误；根据第二段内容所讲的故事可知，在亚马逊河上航行需 要了解其水流的知识，比如可以从入海口往上游航行大约一千八百

15、英里。故选项C正确。 故选C。26.细节理解题。根据第一段How long is that? It is longer than a road going from New York City to San Francisco”可知，作者是通过把它比作陆地上的距离，来让人们知道河流的长度的。故 选Bo27.词义猜测题。根据前面的Whats the most bloodthirsty fish in the world? No. Its not the shark Its the Amazons piranha可知世界上最嗜血的鱼是亚马逊的食人鱼；根据最后一段“A1.000-pound hors

16、e would be just bones （骨头）in three minutes. 一匹 1000 磅重的马在三分钟内 就只剩下骨头，结合选项可知，此处shark意为“锋利的”牙齿。故选A。28.主旨大意题。根据本文内容，主要讲了亚马逊河的知识，结合第三段开头“Here arc a few more facts.”可知，本文主要是有关亚马逊的有趣现象与事实。故选C。20. E21. C22. A23. D【分析】本文介绍了平时少睡觉，周末多睡觉，这不是一个有利于健康的好习惯。充足的睡眠，健康 饮食和锻炼身体同等重要。29.根据The third group was given five h

17、ours* sleep Monday through Friday.,可知，第三组人从周 一到周五只睡五个小时，周末允许尽情睡。故选E。30.根据“Even though people in the third group slept as much as they could on the weekend, it was not enough -可知，此处介绍第三组人的情况。故选C。31.根据When they went back to the short sleep schedule the next week, their body failed to control blood sug

18、ar.”可知，当他们在接下来的一周重新I可到短睡眠时间时，他们的身体无法控制血 糖。这是因为他们的生物钟已经改变了。故选A。32.根据“Getting enough sleep is as important as having good caring habits or doing exercise regularly可知，此处表示要有足够的睡眠，睡得时间更长些。故选D。29. me【详解】句意：忙碌了一上午后，午餐时间给了我-个机会去做很多事情，例如锻炼、阅读和看电视。 give是动词，后接人称代词宾格做宾语。根据括号内提示词，I是人称代词主格，其对应的 人称代词宾格是me,所以空格处填m

19、e。故答案为me。30. boxes【详解】句意：新的计划要求居民把他们的垃圾放进四个不同的箱子，每一种垃圾一个箱子。four后接复数名词，box是以x为结尾，变复数要在词尾加es,所以空格处填boxes。故答 案为boxes o31. fifth【详解】句意：继长城站、中山站、昆仑站和泰山站之后，中国正在建设其在南极洲的第五个科考站。 根据 After the Great Wall Station, Zhongshan, Kunlun and Taishan,可知，这是中国的第五个南 极州科考站，因此用five的序数词表示顺序，故填fifth。32. teenager【详解】句意：成长对每个

20、人来说都是困难的。作为一个青少年，劳拉不得不面对很多压力。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数,teenage的名词形式是teenager,意为“青少年。故答案为 teenager o33. impolite【详解】句意：嘴里塞满食物说话是不礼貌的。根据句意可知,本句是句型it is +adj+ to do sth做某事是；根据空后的“talk with yourmouth full”及所提供单词polite可知，此处是表达“不礼貌的”，polite的反义词“不礼貌的”是 impoliteo 故填 impolite034. faster【详解】句意：根据些研究，你读的越快，你对所读的内容理解的就越少。固

21、定搭配：the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越.，就越.气空格处修饰动词read,所 以用副词比较级fastero故答案为fastero35. useful【详解】句意：回收垃圾是一个好习惯。然而，把你的垃圾变成新的有用的东西会更好。分析句子可知，此处需要一个形容词作后置定语修饰something, use的形容词是useful,故 答案是usefuL36. easily【详解】句意：为什么我们疲劳时更容易犯错误？这是因为当我们清醒且疲惫时，大脑的一部分会进 入睡眠状态。分析句子结构可知此处要用副词修饰动词短语make mistakes, easy的副词形式是easily故 答案为easil

22、y。41.rises42.were43.walking44.is polluted45.to take46.has brought47.is raining【分析】本文讲述了蓬特韦德拉之前交通拥堵，污染很严重，市长洛尔颁布了一系列措施后，整个城 市变得更干净，更安静，更安全。41.句意：市长，米格尔洛尔打开了办公室的窗户，从下面的街道传来了人声。前半句opens是一般现在时，所以此空也用一般现在时。sound是不可数名词，所以空格处 填动词三单形式riseso故答案为riseso42. 句意：一天经过这个城市的汽车比这里的人还多。根据前文 More than 14,0(X) cars used

23、 to pass along this street every day 中 used to do sth过去常 常做某事，可知，此空处是讲述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。there be句型中的 be动词要与离其最近的名词单复数形式一致，cars是复数形式，所以空格处填were。故答 案为were。43.句意：他花了几个月时间在城里四处走动。固定搭配：sb.spcnd+时间+doingsth“花费时间做某事，所以空格处填动名词walkingo故 答案为walkingo44.句意：它被严重地污染。前文It is full of cars中is是一般现在时，所以此空所在句子也用一般现在时。主

24、语it指代前 文的the city,是单数形式，与谓语动词pollute之间是被动关系，所以空格处填一般现在时 被动语态is pollutcdo故答案为is polluted,45.句意：在多次讨论后，政府最终决定采取行动禁止汽车。固定搭配：decide to do sth44决定做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，所以空格处填loiake。故答 案为 lo takeo46.句意：从那时起，这种变化给蓬特韦德拉带来了许多好处。since then表示动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并有继续延续下去的可能，句 子用现在完成时has/havc dene的结构。主语change是单数形式，所以空格处

25、填has brought。 故答案为has broughto47.句意：即使在下雨时，我也到处走。while引导时间状语从句，根据句意，此句表示“即使在下雨时，我也到处走，空格处所在 句子表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时be doing的结构，it是第三人称，所以空格处填is rainingo 故答案为 is raining。48. Every night, he puts on a Spider-Man suit and gives food to (he homeless he meets.49. In 2015.50. The young man hopes his action wil

26、l show others that everybody deserves a helping hand.51. He wears the Spider-Man suit in order to get attention.52. Because he encourages people (o go out and help people in need on lheir own.【分析】本文讲述了一个穿着蜘蛛侠衣服的人每天晚上给无家可归的人分发食物，他想通过自己行动 呼叮更多的人伸出援助之手，去帮助有需要的人。48.根据 Every night, he puts on a Spider-Ma

27、n suit and gives food to the homeless he meets, /天晚 上，他穿上蜘蛛侠的衣服，给他遇到的无家可归人分发食物，所以空格填Every night, he puts on a Spider-Man suit and gives food to the homeless he meets。故答案为 Every night, he puts on a Spider-Man suit and gives food to the homeless he meetso49.根据 The 25-ycar-old man started his night act

28、ivities in 2015,可知，这个年轻人在 2015 年开始 他的晚间活动，所以空格处填In 2015o故答案为In 2015。50.根据 The young man hopes his action will show others (hat everybody deserves (应得)a helping hand,可知，这个年轻人希望他的行动能向别人表明，每个人都应该得到帮助，所以空格处 填 The young man hopes his action will show others (hat everybody deserves a helping hand 故 答案为 Th

29、e young man hopes his action will show others that everybody deserves a helping hando51.根据 The man said, 1 wear the Spider-Man suit in order to get attention. Without the suit, few people took a second look al him when he was handing out food,可知，这个年轻人穿 E蜘蛛侠 的衣服是为了得到关注，如果没有这套衣服，在他分发食物时，很少有人看他一眼，所以空 格

30、处填 He wears the Spider-Man suit in order to get attentiono故答案为 He wears the Spider-Man suit in order to get attention,52.根据 Instead, he encourages people to go out and help people in need on their own, 可知，他想 鼓励人们走出去，自己帮助那些有需要的人，所以空格处填Because he encourages people to go out and help people in need on

31、lheir own。故答案为 Because he encourages people to go out and help people in need on their own。53. 例文：An Unhappy ExperienceEveryone has some unhappy experiences. I had a very unhappy experience between my best friend and me when 1 was in Grade 8. Never can I forget the time when 1 prepared for my final

32、exam. During those days, I had so much endless homework that 1 couldnt finish it. In order to deal with the problem, I decided to copy my friends homework. But to my surprise, she refused me and gave me no reason. I fell very angry with her. After that, I had no choice but (o finish it myself. Final

33、ly, I got a better score that time because lots of the questions in the exam were from the homework. I felt sorry for that and tried my best to improve our relationships.From that experience, I learnt that there is no shortcut to learning, and diligence makes the winner. Meanwhile, I am proud of hav

34、ing a friend like her. I will study from her.【详解】1. 题干解读：这是一篇材料作文，主要围绕“An Unhappy Experience展开讨论，分享白己的 亲身经历，描述自己生活中不愉快的事情，以及自己的感悟。2. 例文点评：文章采取两段式，直接开篇点题，讲述自己与朋友之间的不愉快的经历；第二 段写了自己从这段经历中学到了什么。文章要点齐全，结构完整，语句衔接自然，表达准确。3. 高分亮点：短语：between.and.； prepare for； so.that.； In order to； deal with； decide to do；

35、to ones surprise； feel angry with； lots of； try ones best to do； be proud ofo句型：when引导的时间状语从句;倒装句；so.that.引导的结果状语从句；have no choice but to do： because引导的原因状语从句；and并列句：that引导的宾语从句。A. Although B. give （heir seats C. Since D. were not allowed E. make life better E soldMartin Luther King Jr. was born in

36、Georgia in the south of the USA in 1929. In 1954 he began to work in a church （教堂）.All through his life he tried to 11. for African-Americans, whose ancestors came to America from Africa between 1640 and 1798. White people brought them to America in ships, 12. them as slaves （奴隶）and forced them to w

37、ork. 13. they were set free （自由的）after （he American Civil War, their lives didnt change much for a long time. Some people still didnt like them. In the 1950s, African-Americans 14. to do lots of things in the south of America. They could not walk on the footpath when a white person was on it. They c

38、ould not eat in restaurants where white people ate. They could not go to （he shops that were owned by white people. When they were on a bus, they had to 15. to white people.A. made a famous speech B. fair C. refused D. in peace E. agreed E stop ridingIn December of 1955, a lady called Rosa Parks 16.

39、 to give her seat to a white man. This made the bus driver angry and he called the police. The police took Ross away. Marlin Luther King, Jr. said this was wrong and told people they should stop it. He spoke to lots of people and told （hem what was happening. He said （he law should be 17. and they s

40、hould be able to do the same things as white people. He called for the African-Americans to 18. on the bus. His idea worked. The bus companies （公司）lost money. In December 1956. the Supreme Court （最高法院）made the city change the rules.Martin Luther King, Jr. traveled across America to meet lots of impo

41、rtant people and （old them about the problems. In 1963 he led a big group of African-Ainericans in Washington. He 19. there. He said he had a dream that black and white people would live （ogether20. . He was a really importani person in history because he changed African-Americans lives a lot. Ameri

42、can people and people around the world remember him for what he has done.三、阅读判断Wearing a white blouse, Ai-Da studies her subject and begins to draw. She looks like any artist at work. However, the beep . beep . beep noise from her arm gives her away. Ai-Da is, in fact, a robot.Ai-Da has been describ

43、ed as the worlds first Al （人工智能）robot artist. She takes her name from Ada Lovelace, the worlds first female computer programmer. Scientists at Oxford University developed Al systems （系统）for Ai-Da. The robot has cameras in her eyeballs. After she has studied a subject, she will use her left arm to dr

44、aw. Now, Ai-Da can only use a pencil for sketches （素描）.The plan is for her to paint.Ai-Da is not （he first Al system to produce artworks. Since 2006, scientists have been developing software （软件）to turn photos into drawings. Last year, an artwork created using Al was sold in New York for $132,500. H

45、owever, Ai-Das human-like appearance brings something new to the field.In June, Ai-Da opened her first exhibition at Oxford. There were about 30 drawings by the robot. Ai-Da, standing next to her artworks, attracted（吸引）many visitors.Ai-Das inventor, Aidan Meller, talked about （he importance of （he r

46、obot. Ai-Da brings a new voice （o the art world, she said. Al is going to be the big thing of （he 2020s. That influences us greatly. Meller hopes the exhibition was just the start and that more will follow to show how Al is influencing human life.根据短文内容，判断卜冽句子正误。正确的用A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。21. Ai-Da is a re

47、al artist who helps scientists at Oxford University develop Al systems.22. Last year, scientists began to develop software to turn photos into drawings.23. In June, Ai-Da opened her first exhibition at Oxford successfully.24. Aidan Mcllcr thinks Al is going to influence human life more and more grea

48、tly.四、阅读单选The longest river in the world is the Nile. It is 4,160 miles long. But the Nile is not the mightiest （浩荡的）river. The Amazon is. The Amazon is also the second longest river in the world. It is 3,900 miles long. How long is that? It is longer than a road going from New York City to San Fran

49、cisco.The Amazon is the mightiest for this reason. It has the greatest amount of water. More water runs out to sea than from the Nile. Mississippi, and Yangtze rivers combined. Thats a lot of fresh water! The force of its current （水流）is great too. The current can be seen 200 miles out in the sea. Th

50、eres a story to show the Amazons amazing current. A ship sailed （航 彳亍）far away from Brazil. It ran out of drinking water. Another ship passed by. The first ship asked for water. Someone on the second ship said. Just put your buckets （桶）into the sea.Here are a few more facts. At its mouth, the Amazon

51、 is 90 miles wide. Even up the river, you cant see the opposite bank. The river is also very deep（from 22 to 76 meters）. During rainy season, the river rises about 16 meters more. Big ocean ships can sail about L800 miles upstream （向上游）.Smaller ships can sail 1,000 miles farther.Whats the most blood

52、thirsty fish in the world? No. Its not the shark. Its the Amazons piranha. Il is only about 10 cm to 20 cm long. It has sharp teeth. Thousands travel in a group. No animal can swim across the rivet. A 1,000-pound horse would be just bones （骨头）in three minutes. Are you planning a trip （o the Amazon?

53、Heres a piece of advice. Leave your swimsuit at home!根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。25. After reading this passage it seems clear that.A. people do not drink the Amazons waterB. it would not be good to visit the Amazon during rainy seasonC. sailing on the Amazon requires knowledge of its current26. The writer helps

54、you understand how long the Amazon is by.A. telling how long the Nile isB. comparing it to a distance（距离）on landC. comparing it with the Yangtze River27. In Paragraph Four, the word“sharpmeansin Chinese.A.锋利的B.急剧的C.强烈的28. The passage mainly tells us.A.piranha inthe Amazon B. traveling in （he AmazonC

55、.interestingfacts aboutthe Amazon五、阅读还原5选4Wake up, boys and girls! Put up your hand if you try to repair your tired body by sleeping in（睡懒觉）on weekends. A new study says the habit might not be a good idea for your health.The ten-day study came out in the magazine Current Biology. Volunteers were div

56、ided into three groups. The first group enjoyed nine hours* sleep each night. The second group was allowed to sleep only five hours each night. The third group was given five hours* sleep Monday through Friday.29, But they were put back on the short sleep schedule the next Monday.Both the second and

57、 third groups ate more snacks at night and put on weight. They also saw a decrease (减少)in insulin sensitivity (胰岛素敏感性),a warning sign for diabetes (糖 尿病).Researchers have long known a lack (缺乏)of sleep can increase health risks.30.Even though people in the third group slept as much as they could on the weekend, it was not enough, said Dr Kenneth Wright, who led the study. When they went back to the short sleep schedule the next week, their body failed to control blood sugar. 31