外研版高一英语必修二全书知识点总结

1、高中英语必修2 （外研版）Unit 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits知识点总结、重点词汇词义辨析：injure/hurt/wound/cut 四者都可以指“伤害、伤痛”。意义inj ure指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。hur t既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害。wou nd指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特 指战场上的受伤。cut无意中造成的轻伤。Drinking can injure ones health.喝酒对人的健康有害。Im sorry I hurt you; I didnt mean to.对不起，我弄伤了你；我不是故意

2、的。The robber wounded him with a knife.那个强盗用刀刺伤了他。How did you get that cut on your hand?你手上的伤口是怎么弄的？词义辨析：normal/common/general/ordinary这四个词都有“普通的”、“常见的”意思。其区别是:norma l强调人或物“符合常态或常规”。commo n强调许多事物具有某种共同点而“不足为奇”。gener侧重“普遍”之意，普遍于大多数人或事物中。alordin与一般事物的性质标准相同，强调“平常而ary无奇特之处。Its normal to feel tired after

3、 such a long trip.长途旅行后感到累是很正常的。His name was Hansen, a common name in Norway.他的名字叫汉森，在挪威是一个常见的名字。As a general rule, prices follow demands.一般而言，物价随需求而变化。Now electrical appliances have entered into ordinary families.现在，家用电器已经步入普通家庭。diet n.饮食；节食1. a healthy/balanced diet :健康的 /均衡的饮食2. go/be on a diet :

4、用规定食谱；节食You dont have to go on a diet to lose weight.你不需要靠节食来减肥。anxious adj. 焦虑的；渴望的1. be anxious about sth. :为担心，忧虑2. be anxious for sth. : 渴望3. be anxious to do sth. :急于，渴望做某事I am anxious about the parcel because it hasnt arrived.我对这包裹很担心，因为它还没到。The whole country was anxious for peace.全国上下都渴望和平。Sh

5、e was anxious to finish school and get a job.她渴望毕业找一份工作。be crazy about : 迷恋Hes still crazy about both his work and his hobbies.他对工作和个人爱好依然保持狂热。begin with :以开始The teacher began his class with a question.老师以一个问题开始他的讲课。be/get injured :受伤He got injured through his own carelessness.他由于粗心受伤了。breathe in/ou

6、t :吸入/呼出In large cities people breathe in dangerous gases from cars and chimneys.在大城市人们呼吸时吸入汽车和烟囱排出的有害气体。一词多义：fit adj.健康的，强壮的；合适的v.适合，适应Mr. Smith needs more exercises to keep fit.（keep fit : 保持健康）史密斯先生需要更多的锻炼以保持身体健康。Hes been 川 and isnt fit for work yet.（be fit for : 适合一）他一直在生病，尚不能工作。This new jacket

7、fits her well.这件夹克很合她的身。一词多义：head n.头部；头脑v.朝一前进；前往The ship came about and headed for the shore.轮船调转股向朝海岸驶去。拓展：英语中有些名词可转化为动词，如：eye n.眼睛v.（用眼睛看）注视；端详face n.脸 v.面对picture n. 照片，影片 v.画；拍照dress n.礼服 v.打扮，穿衣阅读必备词汇rare adj.稀少的；罕有的rarely adv. 罕有地wealthy adj.富裕的overweight adj. 太胖的；超重的symptom n.症状insurance n.

8、保险questionnaire n.问卷调查awful adj.糟糕的；可怕的；充满敬畏的become川 生病have a temperature 发烧putinto 将一投入/放入take exercise 锻炼lie down 躺下二、重点句型So as you can see from what I ve said, I m a normal kind of person.解析： 本旬的主干是 “ I m a normal kind of person ” ； “as you can see from whatI ve said ”是由as引导的一个定语从句；what引导的是from的宾

9、语从句。翻译：因此，正如你能从我所说的看到的一样，我只是一个普通人。拓展：as引导的定语从句在写作中应用相当广泛，常见的结构有：“as is knownto all”；“ as we all know ” 意思者B是“众所周知”。Because of this, I make sure that I have a good diet, and as I ve said,this isn aproblem because my mother feeds us so well.解析： 本旬的主干是 “ I make sure that and this isn t a problem ” , 由

10、and 连接 一个并歹U旬。“that I have a gooddiet ” 是makesure的宾语从句，“Because of this ”是一个介词结构，表示原因； “as I ve said ”是一个定语从句，修饰“this isnt a problem ； because引导的是一个原因状语从句。翻译：因此，我得确保合理膳食；而且正如我前面所说，合理膳食并不是一个问题，因为 我母亲把我们照顾得很好。Britain was the first country in the world to have a free health care system paid forthe by t

11、he government.解析： 本句的主干是 “ Britain was the first country in the world” ; “to have afree health care system ” 是动词不定式结构作定语，修饰前面的 country ； paid for the by the government ”是过去分词结构 作定语，修饰前面的system。翻译：英国是世界上第一个拥有免费医疗系统的国家，整个医疗体系都是由政府资助的。拓展：非谓语作定语在写作中应用相当广泛，有时简单的定语从句可以考虑使用非谓语来代替，这样可以使语言简练地道，例如：The boy who

12、se name is Tom is popular with his classmates.The boy named Tom is popular with his classmates.They see doctors who work for themselves and pay the doctors through the healthinsurance company.解析： 本旬的主干是 “ They see doctors and pay the doctors ； who弓I导的是个定 语从句，修饰前面的 doctors ;through引导的是一个介词结构，表示方式。翻译：

13、他们看自己的专属医生，并通过医疗保险公司进行支付。三、重点语法词的转化一名词用作动词含义：词的转化（conversion ）是英语构词法中的主要方法之一。它指的是一个词不改变词形， 而由一种词类转化成另一种或几种词类。本模块学习 名词转化为动词的用法。名词转化为动词是现代英 语中很普遍的现象，同时也是转化构词中最活跃的一种。人们经常把名词不加任何改变就当作动词使用。用法：很多表示物件（如下1）、身体部位（如下2）、某类人（如下3）的名词可以用作动词来 表示动作，某些抽象名词（如下4）也可作动词。例如：1. Did you book a seat on the plane?你订好飞机座位了吗？2

14、. We set sail at dawn and headed for New York.我们在黎明起程，直驶纽约。3. She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。4. We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。体会更多名词用作动词的例子，看你能准确地理解名词动词化后的词意吗？1. Hes always bossing his wife about.2. The escaped prisoner was cornered at last.3. Stop mothering her, she s 30 years

15、old and can take care of herself perfectly well.4. People were streaming out of the station.5. I did not like the way he eyed me.6. Mr. Smith noons for half an hour every day.7. He doesnt have all ideas of his own. He justparrots what other peoplesay.答案揭晓：1. boss around颐指气使；把呼来唤去2. corner将一逼入困境3. mo

16、ther像母亲一般地照料4. stream 涌出；川流不息；蜂拥5. eye看；定睛地看6. noon午休7. parrot学舌；盲目重复或模仿除了名词转化为动词外，还有副词，连词等转化为动词，动词转化为名词，形容词副词等 转化为名词。如:We downed our coffee and left.我们喝完咖啡就离开了。（ down常为副词，意为“向下”，这里作动词，意为“喝下”）The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。（old常作形容词，这里作名词，the old意为“老人”） Lets go out for

17、 a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。（walk常作动词，这里用作名词，意为“散步”）We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。（better常作形容词，这里作动词，意为“改善”）will 与 be going to本单元学习 will和be going to 表示“将要”。willbe going to表将要临时决定提前计划，安排，打算表示推测，揣 想依据直觉、经验或知识 等依据观察到的迹象、证据 等表示“将要”1. -“Kate is in hospital. ” “Oh, really, I d

18、idnt know. I will go and see her at once. （临时 决定去看Kate）。2. -“Kate is in hospital. ” “Yes, I know. I am going to see her this afternoon. （提前已打算好 去看Kate）拓展：1 .推测，揣想：I think it will be rainy tomorrow.我认为明天有雨。Look at the clouds; it s going to rain.看看这些云，又要下雨了。2 .在“主将从现”中，一般用 will ,而不用be going to 。例如：I w

19、on t go if he doesnt come.他不来，我就不去。高中英语必修2 （外研版）Unit 2 No drugs知识点总结、重点词汇词义辨析：likely/possible/probable三者都可以表示“可能的，possible可能性最小，probable可能性最大，但用法不同主语用法likel y人/物sb. be likely to do sth./itIt is likely + that从句possi bleitIt is possible (for do sth.sb.) toIt is possible +that从句proba bleitIt is probabl

20、e +that 句从因此，“我们学英语时可能会犯错”可以表述为：We are likely to make mistakes when learning English.=It is likely/possible/probable that we make mistakes when learning English.=It is possible for us to make mistakes when learning English.词义辨析：affect/effect/influence这些动词均含“影响”之意，但在词性和意义上有差别词性意义affec tvt.主要时的影响。effe

21、c tn.（可数或/、口数）affect 的名词形式， have an effect on 意 为：对一有影响。influ encevt.& n.（通常/、口 数，但有时可连用不 aE世词）主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或 潜移默化的影响，have an influence on 意 为：对一有影响。Both diet and exercise affect blood pressure.饮食和运动都对血压有影响。What you read has an influence on your thinking.你读的东西对你的思想有影响。词义辨析:in order to/so as to/

22、in order that/so that都有“为了”的意思，但其用法和位置有不同用法位置in引导目的状语从句旬首/order句中thatso引导目的状语从句/结果句中that状语从句与词/短语一起做目的状 语句中句首/ 句中so as toin order to“为了实现梦想，他努力学习”可以表述为:In order to realize his dream, he works very hard.=He works very hard in order to/so as to realize his dream.=He works hard in order that he can rea

23、lize his dream.=He worked hard so that he got a good grade.reduce v. 缩小，减少1. reduce to:减少到2. reduce by ：减少了（减少的幅度）The new bridge should reduce travelling time from 50 minutes to 15 minutes.这座新桥应该能将形成从五十分钟减少到十五分钟。The workforce has been reduced by half.职工人数已减少一半。拓展：1. decrease to/decrease by : 减少至U/减少

24、了 2. increase to/increase by :增力口至U/增加了be addicted to sth./doing sth.: 对. 上瘾We think he will not be addicted to computer games any longer.我们认为他不在会沉溺于电脑游戏。break into :破门而入What will you do if you find your house broken into?如果发现有人闯入你的房子，你会怎么办？take one s advice : 听从某人的建议I decided to take your advice th

25、at I should spend more time staying with myparents.我听从了你的建议要多陪父母。ban sb. from doing sth. :禁止某人做某事Charlie has been banned from driving for half a year.查理被禁驾半年。阅读必备词汇drug n.毒品，药品cancer n.癌症criminaln.罪犯川egaladj.违法的；不合法的treatment n.治疗；招待；对待horribleadj.令人不快的；及其讨厌的recognize/recognise vt. 认出； 承认distraction

26、 n.分心；分散注意力二、重点句型Users whoinject the drug are also in more danger if they share needles with other users.解析： 本句的主干是 “ Users are also in more danger ； who引导的是一个定语从句， 修饰前面的users ； if引导的是一个条件状语从句。翻译：如果吸毒的人和其他人共用针头的话，他们将会陷入更大的危险。Participants learn to recognize smoking triggers (things that start them sm

27、oking)and they try to set a date in the future when they will stop smoking.解析： 本句的主干是 “ Participants learn to recognize smoking triggers and they try to set a date in the future ” , 主干是由and连接的并列句；括号部分是对前面的triggers的解释，其中that引导的是一个定 语从句，修饰 things ; when引导的是一个定语从句，修饰前面的date。翻译：参与者学着识别吸烟触发因子(诱使人们开始吸烟的东西

28、)，而且他们尽力设定一个Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke.解析：本句的主干是“ Make a list of friends and places ” ,是一个祈使句； who和 where引导的都是定语从句，分别修饰 friends 和 places。Choose a time when you will be relaxed but also too busy to think about smoking.解析：本句的主干是 “ Choosea time ”，是一个祈使句；“ whenyou will b

29、e relaxed but also too busy to thinkabout smoking”是由when引导的定语从句，修饰前面的 time ;该从句中“relaxed ”和“too busy to think aboutsmoking”是并列的，由but also 连接，其中包含常见句型“ tooto”。翻译：选择一个你感觉很放松但又非常忙以至于不会想着吸烟的时间。三、重点语法非谓语动词：不定式作目的状语看下面两题，了解相关考点：1. Simon madea big bambooboxthe little sick bird till it could fly.A. keep B.

30、kept C. keeping D. to keep2. We got up early this timebe late for the train again.A. in order to B. in order to notC. so as to D. so as not to解析：1. D.考查非谓语动词。句意为“Simon做了一个大竹箱，目的是为了放那只生病的小鸟”， 所以选D2. D.考查不定式短语in order to 和so as to ,以及not的位置。根据句意应该是否定 形式，not要放在to的前面，所以B不正确。该考点下，同学们需要牢记：1 .不定式常用作目的状语，表示

31、动作尚未发生，意为“为了”。例如：To learn English well , you need time and patience.要想把英语学好，你需要时间和耐心。He raised his voice to be heard by all the students.为了被所有的学生听到，他提高了声音。注意：其位置可以是句首，也可以是旬末。2 .还可用in order to/ so as to 表示目的，意为“以便；为了”。例如：He got up very early in order to/so as to catch the first bus.In order not to mi

32、ss the first bus, he got up very early.（注意: 句首时不能用so as to ）不定式作宾语一些词后只能跟to do作宾语。例如：The driver failed to see the other car in time.He decided to buy a new car.这种搭配的常见动词有： afford , need, agree, ask, decide , choose, hope, offer , plan , hate , refuse 等。拓展：1. ”疑问词+to do”作宾语：I don t know where to go t

33、his weekend .2. it 作形式宾语：I feel it myduty to help them. （it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是 to help them） 注意：这种用法常用于句型：“ find/feel/think+it+adj./n.+to do sth.”状语从句：结果状语从句本模块主要学习so/such.that引导的结果状语：通过下面三道题，看相关考点：1. The teacher taught us in such a lovely way we would never forget whathe taught us.A. as B. that C. so tha

34、t D. which2. - Did you catch what the teacher said?-No. She spoke so fast Icouldnt hear her very clearly.A. which B. that C. when D. Since3. There are few problems left I believe you can deal with themyourself.A. such; thatB. so; that C. such; asD. so; as解析：1. B.考查结果状语从句，such + （a/an） + adj. +可数名词（复

35、数）/不可数名词+ that。 句意：这位老师的教学方式如此生动，以至于我们永远都忘不了他教授的内容。2. B.句意为“她说得太快了，我听不清楚她说什么。考查结果状语从句的引导词，so +adj./adv.+ that. 。3. B.考查结果状语从句引导词的选用，虽然句中出现了名词 problems,但是因为名词前 few, 只能选 so.that. 。知识点总结：so/such区别名词such形副so；such+（a/an）+adj.+ 可数名词（复数）/、口数名词 +that.so+adj./adv.+that so+adj.+a/an+ 可数名词单数 +that.多多少少，都用soso+

36、many/much/few/little等 十名 t司 + that.little 一词后多义小用such,少用soso+little （少）+ 名词.+ that.such+a little （小）+ 名词+that.（little 表示“小”）little boy that we all like him.There is so littl e water left that I have to buy some. （little 表示 “少”）He is such a高中英语必修2 （外研版）Unit 3 Music知识点总结、重点词汇lose v. 丧失，失去1. be lost in

37、 sth. :全神贯注于2. get lost/lose one s way : 迷路He was so lost in reading that he missed the train for work.他看书太入神了，误了上班的火车。They got lost because they went in the wrong direction.他们走错了方向，所以迷了路。mix v.混合，搅拌1. mix （sth.） with sth. :把.与.混合2. mix up :混淆，弄乱The powder is mixed with cold water is to form a paste

38、.用冷水把粉末搅拌成糊状。I must have got the times mixed up.我肯定是把时间弄混了。拓展：mixture 混合物，混杂体be impressed with sth :对留下深刻印象Youll be impressed with the brightness and the beauty of the colors.色彩的明艳美丽会让你大饱眼福。拓展：1. impressionn. ER象leave/give/make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象2. impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的split up :解散；决裂；离蜡Did

39、 you know that John and Mary have split up?约翰和玛丽已经分手了，你知道吗？After the meeting we split up and went home.散会以后，我们就分开回家了。make a note of : 记录(=take a note of )Make a note of the reference number shown on the form.把表格上的编码记下来。have an influence on : 对有影响Both society and family have an influence on the child

40、ren s development.社会和家庭都会影响孩子的发展。阅读必备词汇audience n. 听众genius n.天才symphony n.交响乐；交响曲；交响乐团compose vt. 作曲；创作catchy adj. 动人的complex adj.复杂的record vt. 录音二、重点句型After studying music in Vienna, Haydn went to work at the court of a prince in easternAustria, where he became director of music.解析：本旬的主干是 “Haydnwe

41、nt to work at the court of a prince in eastern Austria after引导部分是一个介词结构，表示时间；where引导的是一个定语从句，修饰前面的court。翻译：在维也纳学习音乐之后，海顿去奥地利东部一个王子的宫廷工作，在那里他成了音乐指挥家。拓展：where引导的非限制性定语从句在写作中应用非常广泛，例如：Last week, we went to the park near our school. We had a good time there.Last week, we went to the park near our school

42、, where we had a good time.Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, where he was verysuccessful.解析：本旬的主干是 “ Haydnmovedto London” ； “Having worked there for 30 years” 是一个现在分词结构作时间状语； “where he was very successful ” 是由 where弓I导的定语从句， 修饰前面的 London。翻译：在那里工作了 30年后，海顿移居伦敦。在伦敦他非常的成功。拓展：“hav

43、ing done ”这一结构在写作中应用非常广泛，适当使用不但可以体现语言的 多样性，更能使句子显得简单地道，例如：After we got everything ready we began to head for the park.Having got everything ready, we began to head for the park.He showed musical talent when he was very young, and learned to play the violin andpiano from his father, who was a singer.

44、解析： 本旬的主干是 “ He showed musical talent and learned to play the violin andpiano from his father “ ； “ whenhe was very young” 是一个由 when引导的时间状语从句； “ who was a singer ” 是由 who 引导的定语从句，修饰前面的father。翻译：他在很小的时候就表现出了音乐天赋，并从他的父亲那学会了拉小提琴和钢琴。他 父亲是一个歌手。However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vie

45、nna.解析： 本句是个强调句, 结构是 it was+ Haydn +who+ encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna ,原句是：Haydn encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.翻译：然而，鼓励贝多芬去维也纳的人正是海顿。拓展：强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was + 被强调部分+that+其它部分（如果强调的是 人，其中的that还可以换成who）。如何区分强调句型其实很简单，只要把 It is/was +that/who去掉，如果剩余部分通过 调整语序组成一个完整的句子，那该句子就是强调句，否则就不是。三

46、、重点语法状语从句：时间状语从旬（when/while/as ）when, while, as 都可作当一时解。若主句表示短暂性动作，从句表示持续性动作，三者都可用。He fell asleep when/while/as he was reading.他看书时睡着了。实际考查时，一般考查三者的区别：1. when 一般表示时间点；while表示时间段。例如：When we arrived in Beijing, it was raining. （arrive不是延续性动词）我们到达北京时，天正在下雨。Please do not trouble me while I am writing my

47、 homework. （write是延续性动词）我写作业时请不要打扰我。2. when表示“这时（突然） ；while表示“而、“却”（表示对比）We were about to start when it began to rain.我们正要出发，天突然开始下雨了。He likes coffee, while she likes tea.他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。3. as表示“随着；一边一，一边。As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything.随着孩子日渐长大，他们对一切变得越来越感兴趣。过

48、去完成时1 .概念表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。2 .构成：had+过去分词3 .用法(1)发生在过去以前的动作，已结束，对过去造成影响。它不能离开过去时间而独立存在, 多与 already , yet ,had already begun .just , before , never等时间副词及by, before, when等引导的短语或从句连用。如:When we got to the cinema, the film当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。(2)发生在过去以前的动作或状态，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去，常 和for,

49、since 构成的短语或引导的从句连用。By the time Ileft the school, hehad taught the class for 3 years.到我毕业时，他已经教那个班三年了。拓展:(1)用在It was the first/second/third 成时。 time that”句型中，that从句要用过去完This was the first timethat theyhad met in thirty years.这是三十年里他们第一次见面。等用过去完成时表示本来打算做而(2) 动词 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, supp

50、ose 没有做的事，含有某种惋惜。We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.我们本来希望你能力，但是你没有。高中英语必修 2 (外研版)Unit 4 Fine Arts-Western, Chinese and Pop Arts知识点总结、重点词汇词义辨析:alive/living/live/lively都有“活着的”意思，含义和所做成分各有不同含义用法ali ve人或物“活着的”，侧重生与 死的界限。表语，只做后置定语 或补语liv人或物“尚在人间，健在的”定语，表语ingliv e物“活着的，也有“实况转 播的”名词前做定语liv el

51、y人或物”活泼的，活跃，充满 生气的”定语，表语，补语The man alive is greater than he.在活着的人中，没有人比他更伟大。The living must finish the work of those dead.活着的人必须完成那些死去的人的事业。He said he had seen a live whale.他说他见过活鲸鱼。He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.他有一种奇特的方法，使他的课生动有趣。词义辨析：destroy/damage/ruin都有“破坏”的意思

52、，程度和用法有不同dest roy通常无法修护的损坏。dama ge部分的损坏，可以修复。ruin彻底的毁坏，通常指由自然现象、疏忽等 造成的破坏。The fire destroyed the building.大火毁灭了大楼。Smoking will damage your health.抽烟会损害你的健康。He ruined his prospects by carelessness.他因粗心大意断送了前途。be/get tired of :对.厌烦Im so tired of your stinky shoes.我真受不了你的臭鞋子。tell by :从可看出In England , i

53、ts easy to tell a persons class by his speech在英国，根据一个人的言谈就很容易判断出其所属的社会阶层。put off :推迟；延期Because of the bad weather, we suggested putting off the meeting till tomorrow.因为坏天气，我们建议把会议推迟到明天。拓展：put词组1. put up with :忍受2. put out :熄灭，扑灭3. put down : 记录，写下4. put forward : 提出5. put up :举起；张贴一词多义：adopt vt.采纳，采

54、用；领养The store recently adopted a drug testing police for all new employees.这家商店进来实行新雇员做药检的政策。Sally was adopted when she was 4.Sally四岁时被人领养。一词多义：stand vt. 站立，坐落于；忍受There stands a tall building between the bus station and the shopping center.在车站和购物中心坐落着一座建筑物。I can t stand people smoking around me when

55、 i am eating.我受不了吃饭的时候有人在我旁边抽烟。拓展：英文中表达“忍受”含义的词还有：bear , endure, tolerate , put up with一词多义：realize/realise vt.意识到； 实现Only after you lose your health, will you realize the importance of health.唯有在失去健康之后，我们才能意识到健康的重要。My dream of being a teacher will be realized in 3 years.我当一名教师的梦想会在三年内实现。一词多义：observe v. 观察；遵守Officers observed him driving at 90 miles per hour.警察发现他以40英里每小时的时速驾车。（obseve sb.