2018年浙江高考英语试题(有详细答案)

1、绝密启用前2018年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crus

2、oe in 1719 but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacyC 识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “ By a lady. Novels, for the most part, wer

3、e looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim

4、were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon （名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.（How did Dickens get to the top For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is

5、a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 tol901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiencesfrom all walks of life

6、. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it/s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th an

7、niversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th centuryA. They were difficult to understand. B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen a

8、s nearly worthless. D. They were written mostly by women.22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress.A. his reputation in France B. his interest in modern artC. his success in publication D. his importance in literature23. What is the authors purpose in writing the textA. To rem

9、ember a great writer. B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture. D. To promote values of the Victorian age.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter; inc

10、luding things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along h

11、ighways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts（收专艮台）.The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet

12、as most people assume.Among the bag makers1 argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look atz they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the

13、groundThe industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However; longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found

14、 that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists dont dispute （质疑）these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.24. What has Steven Stein been hired to doA. Help inc

15、rease grocery sales. B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks. D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.25. What does the word “headwinds in paragraph 2 refer toA. Bans on plastic bags. B. Effects of city development.C. Headaches caused by . Plastic bags hung in trees.26. What is

16、a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makersA. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are less strong than plastic . Producing them requires more energy.27. What is the best title for the textA. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Pollution and Envir

17、onmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste ControlC%As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line （装配线）on September 27,1908. Only eleven cars were pr

18、oduced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last centur

19、y, the car represented what it meant to be Americangoing forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.

20、In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage/ Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a

21、 global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive （过度的）energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.Fr

22、iedman points out that the green economy （经济）is a chance to keep American strength. zzThe ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century/28. Why is hamburger mentioned i

23、n paragraph 2A. To explain Americans/ love for travelling by . To show the influence of cars on American culture.C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D. To praise the effectiveness of Americas road system.29. What has the use of cars in America led toA. Decline of economy.B. Envir

24、onmental problems.C. A shortage of oil supply.D. A farm-based society.30. What is Friedmans attitude towards America/s futureA. Ambiguous.B. Doubtful.C. Hopeful.D. Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting exper

25、ience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. 31Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your p

26、roperty（房产）neat, clean, and in good repair.32 _ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously,. When going for a walk. Take a small garbage bag. 33 This small act wi

27、ll let your neighbors know that you care about the area.34 If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighborsuffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping Let them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the priv

28、acy of your neighbor.35 By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they a

29、re gone.good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.F People te

30、nd to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下而短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。We have all heard how time is more valuable th

31、an money, but is it 36to have too muchI 37 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also38 a team sport. By the time Igot home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it 39When I got into college, things 40. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time

32、. Because of allthis 41 there was no sense of 4 to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until It later became 43 .Once that happened, I just kept 44 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my

33、 work alone.One day I 46 a former classmate of mine who was 47 a lot of money running a sideline（副业）.Since his regular job was 48 J asked him why he just didnt do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would 49 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50 .He said that if

34、he 51 the job, he would lose his 52 to work and succeed.So, try 53 your tine with other work. This is why there is a 54 that if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do it.B. fairB. admit, watchedB. loved.lastB. right awayC. strangeC. understandC. CoachedC. of courseD. possibleD.expectD. playe

35、dD. matteredB. repeatedC, changedD. matteredB. achievement C .urgencyD. directionD. habitB. reliefC. risk44. A. pushingB. takingC. settingD. calling45. A. hanging outB. staying upC. jogging roundD. showing off46. A. metB. helpedC. treatedD. hiredB .difficult.C. valuableD. limited47. A. raisingB. was

36、tingC. demandingD. making.luckilyB. hardlyC. hopefullyD. simply.childhoodB. collegeC. townD. business.quitB. foundC. acceptedD. kept52. A. heartB. chanceC. driveD. way savingB. filling upC. giving upD. trading54. A. messageB. storyC.sayingD. fact55. A. carefulB. busyC. reliableD. kind48. A. safeB. i

37、mportantC. boringD. rewarding第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分) 第二节(共10小题：每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countri

38、es once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time. 9While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not witho

39、ut a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (w

40、eigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum/s home 65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.英语试题参考答案第二部分阅读理解第三部分语言运用s

41、hockedthatbecome第四部分写作【编忻】作者通过亲身级历舌诉我们：搠有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧追反而能合理安抖时间把事情做好.【小题1】考建形容词.A. truR真实的；B.fair公平的；C. strange奇怪的；D.possible可能的句总：我们都好说过时间比全钱更有价值.但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事憎子吗?表示可能的, 表示作者的疑问，故选D.【小朝2】考至动词.A. rememberiSiS ； B. admit承认；C. understand理解；D. expect期里.此处表示回忆S高中时自己的生活,表 示回忆苗是remember back , SSUA.【小

42、甄3】考茸动词.A. watched观察；B.loved照爰；C. 83ched训练；D. playedgL此处指自从我进行团体体育锻域后多数时间在学 校，表示.遂行体醵域是pby sport,故选。.【小题4】考建固定短谱 Aat last后:B. right away立刻,马上；C. of course当然；D. mattered因为在校时（可多,在豕做作业的时 间就少了 ,所以在薮时必委马上写作业.下文do my school work mmediaid便了提示，故选B.【小题5】若查动词.A. happened发生；B.repeated垂毙；C. changed改变；D. matter

43、ed要孰 大学生活和画中弄舌不一样，所以说 挑了0 mJ5iRi5C.【小期6】害建形容词.A. extra幼卜的；B .difficult.因屐的；C. valuabl/价值的；。.limited有限的.此处指大学里有许多额外的时 间，故选人 【小题7】考量名词.A. duty襄任；8. achievement ； C .urgency紧急；D. direction方向.大学里没有马上做作业的案闻图,与商 中时抓紧时i司做作业形硕比.故选U 【小题8】考亘S词.A. burden负担；B, relief ； C. risk冒险；D. habit习惯.由于不急着写作业,所以后来就形成了等的习惯

44、.故 选D.，的习演后，我就不【小邈9】考宣动词.A. pushing推；8. taking拿；C.蕤Ning放置；D. calling呼晚.与上文的waiting呼应,指形断地把学习往后推，越推越远.根据融也可知答卖，故选A.【小超 10】短谱.A hanging out挂山,角去Sift ； B. staying upiSK ； C. jogging round!6 ； D. showing offtZSt.根据 late at nigh何知是熬夜.此处指作业嶂到最后熬夜完成，故选B.【小题11】考查动词.A. m式遇见；B. helped相助；C treatedjftj? : D. hi

45、red雇用.此处指遇到了以前的同学，根掂句意选A.【小题12】琴童动词.A. raising室起；B. wasting浪费；C. demanding要求；D. making获得.此处擢经黛副业挣了许多姣挣钱,是 make money.StiSD.【小邈13】考查形容词.A safe安全的；B.important重要的；C. boring无聊的；D.rewarding有益的.因为他的常规工作是无聊的,所以作者建议他把副业作为全眼工作.故选C.【小题14】考至副词.A. luckily幸运地；B.hardly几乎不；C. hopefully育希望地；D. simply筒酷眼 朋友说如果没有这个工作

46、，很筒 单他就会可太多无聊的时间.根据句意可知选D.【小题15】考查名词.A. childhood童年时期；B.col叼e大学；C. town城镇;D. business冏业.他就会像我大学时一样因为有太多的 时间而不忙薯做事，与上文内容呼应，故选B.【小题16考叁动词.A quit放弃；B.found发现；C. accepted ； D. kept保持.如果他放弃工作r就会失去工作和成功的动 力.与作者的建议呼应，故选A.【小卷。】考专名词.A. heart心脏；B.chance机会；C. driv4动力；D.way方法，此处指如果他放弃工作,就失去了紧迫感，就会 失去工作和成功的动力.表示

47、动力L故选U【小题18】考聋动词.A. xving55约；B. filling叩茨福；C. giving up放弃；D. trading交易.句息；道着用其他工作盗满你的时间，便 自己忙起来.故选氏【小题 19】考更名词.、message消息；B. story故事；C. saying谚语；D. fact事实.此处指if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do id2句谚退，故选U【小题20蓍宣形容词.A caret的；B. busytt够的；C.reliable可靠的；D. kind善良的.此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人 去做.忙碌的人会

48、抓紧时间完成，不忙的人兵会拖延时间.故选B.小说方面的重壁贡献和深远影晌.【解析】本Charles DiKecsigZOO闽与前夕,介彳召了Charles Dickens【小尊 1】方理解理 f&JBSR_nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early suaes: the literacy （识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many works or fiction appeared without the name

49、s of the authors. Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.印 SIS 术落后，人们 任,作品上没有作 由名字，小说被认为是理理的不正常的，餐无价值可言.故透C.【小题2】度理判断费.很痂第一段DidcenspreaEess is unchaHenqed和列举ffDChanes Dicken3b说的影眄可知，咫他和Mona Usa相 比是为了说明Charl” Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mona Usa在绘画方面的圭要性是一样的.故选D.小整3写作

50、总团我.IBJ6文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重耍性的他可，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture-to understand how he made himself a lasting one.PJ知本 文是写于Charl- Dickens诙展200周熔前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了出今这位伟大的作承.故选人【点睛】推理判断裴要家在理旃表面文字的基的上，做B判断和推论，从而得到文宣的监含的息

51、志和深层的息息，就是1S过文宣中的文字信 J ,上下逻槌关系及事物的发履变化却已知的信息.胜新出蚱春澄何直接衷达的本度和现克.主文推理判断典的守法:1.港漠!文靠的观点S酒d 小理1要求判断18世纪英S3小说的现状,根据第一2对当时情况的理亏nobo” wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its Mrty stages: the literacy rale in England was under 50%.Novels. were looked upon as silly,

52、immoral or just plain bad.可解当时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，小说被认为是炒JH的不正留的，金无价值可苫 .2.推测作看写作目的或触图.小蛙3判断本文的写作日的，根母文中对Charles DicKcs及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的庙与，和文章 SfoBut as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture-to understand how he made himself a lasting oca可知本文显写于Ch Di

53、ckens诞后200闰庄前夕,由此推所作善写本文是为了纪念这位住大的作品【解析）文章分析了几种购物会的使用情况.望料较造成了环境问题，尽管纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输满费更多的能源，希里;当契 者使用耐用可重复使用的莪子.【小题 1】细 1?邈.根宪第一段one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags和第二段plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the ca that their products are no

54、t as bad for the planet as most people assume.可知塑 料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想歙的月褓对地球有害，是对范料袋被装用的解程和争论.故选 D.【小题2】词义猜及邀.上文介绍在许多美国大城市塑料袋被禁用,看到这种现状.奖料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein等科学原是为了证 明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的月诲对地球有害.headwinds-im ,此处插塑料袋被禁用的现状,即Bans on plastic bags .故选 A.【小题3】数节理解题.根SS第四段However. longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知金料袋生产商认为 生产耐用且能重复使用的袋子希要更多的能fi ,故选D.【小藜4】标裳归纳包 文章讲述了使用望料袋造成的环境向理，妊袋容易回收,但生产和运党需要更多