建筑相关英语词汇

1、建筑专业部分相关英语词汇建筑类型类民用建筑civil architecture工业建筑industrial building居住区residential area坡地住宅stepped hillside house联排住宅terraced house错层式住宅split-level house半独立式住宅semi-detached house公寓apartment, flat多层建筑multi-storey block高层建筑high-rise block商业建筑business premises乡土建筑vernacular architecture本土建筑，地域建筑local archite

2、cture绿色建筑green architecture基础设施infrastructure设计过程类可行性研究feasibility study进度表time schedule方案草图preliminary sketch初步设计preliminary design施工设计final design详图设计detail design图纸drawing平面图plan立面图elevation东立面图east elevation南立面图south elevation西立面图west elevation北立面图north elevation横剖面cross section纵剖面longitudinal s

3、ection轴测图isometric view鸟瞰图bird s-eye view施工图working drawing总体规划图master plan- 1 -索引图key, key plan现场质量管理site supervision工程质量管理project supervision验收final approval建筑指标类层高story height居住面积living area建筑占地面积covered area容积率plot ratio覆盖率coverage绿地率ratio of green space人口密度population density居住密度density of settl

4、ement建筑元素类走廊corridor, passage挑廊overhanging corridor檐廊eaves corridor回廊cloister凉廊loggia过街楼arcade门斗foyer阁楼attic阳台balcony雨篷canopy自然层floor维护结构envelop enclosure围护性幕墙enclosing curtain wall装饰性幕墙decorative faced curtain wall落地窗French window百叶窗shutter, louver window起居室living room餐室 dining room厨房kitchen浴室bathr

5、oom淋浴shower单人卧室single bedroom双人卧室double bedroom备餐室pantry- 2 -洗衣间laundry贮藏室store room地下室basement半地下室semi-basement永久性顶盖permanent cap螺旋楼梯spiral staircase建筑结构类梁 beam, girder圈梁ring beam简支梁suspended beam悬臂梁cantilever beam固端梁fixed-end beam连续梁continuous beam拱 arch板 slab, plate简支板suspended slab嵌固板fixed-edge

6、slab单向板one-way slab双向板two-way slab肋形板ribbed slab井字形梁板groined slab壳 shell柱 column墙 wall承重墙load bearing wall桁架truss框架framework排架bent frame刚架（刚构）rigid frame桩 pile板桩sheet pile结构structure基础foundation地基foundation soil, subgrade, subbase木结构timber structure拱结构arch structure钢结构steel structure砌体结构masonry stru

7、cture混凝土（砼）结构concrete structure混合结构mixed structure板柱结构slab-column system- 3 -框架结构frame structure折板结构folded-plate structure壳体结构shell structure悬索结构cable-suspended structure充气结构pneumatic structure拉膜结构tensile structure剪力墙（结构墙）结构shear wall structure框架 -剪力墙结构frame-shear wall structure筒体结构tube structure悬挂结

8、构suspended structure扩展（扩大）基础spread foundation刚性基础rigid foundation独立基础single footing联合基础combined footing条形基础strip foundation壳体基础shell foundation箱形基础box foundation筏形基础raft foundation桩基础pile foundation沉箱基础caisson foundation管柱基础 cylinder pile foundation, cylinder caisson foundation 基床 bed, bedding建筑构造类壁

9、纸wall paper墙面砖wall tile地面砖floor tile勒脚，柱础plinth踢脚skirting木踢脚timber skirting榫槽，地槽groove墙槽wall conduit墙基wall footing踢脚skirting凹圆踢脚coved skirting凹形线脚sunk moulding凹缝open joint平缝butt joint伸缩缝expansion and contraction joint沉降缝settlement joint防震缝aseismic joint变形缝deformation joint- 4 -施工缝construction joint防

10、潮层moisture barrier隔热保温层heat insulation防水water proofing防湿moisture proofing防潮damp proofing隔声sound proofing外墙external wall内墙internal wall隔墙partition wall女儿墙parapet wall踏面tread踢面riser防滑条reeding栏杆railing扶手handrail排水沟drainage ditch护坡slope protection, revetment挡土墙retaining wall建筑材料类钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete

11、现浇混凝土cast-in-situ concrete预制混凝土precast concrete预应力混凝土prestressed concrete加气混凝土aerated concrete碎石混凝土rubble concrete清水混凝土exposed concrete水泥cement石灰lime水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar石膏gypsum熟石膏plaster of Paris砂 sand砾石gravel砖 brick空心砌块hollow block混凝土砌块concrete block木材timber瓦 roofing tile屋面毡roofing fel

12、t- 5 -Palladian motive钢筋reinforcing steel涂料paint景观设计类广场square水景water feature圆形剧场，露天剧场amphitheatre儿童乐园childrens playground羽毛球场badminton court篮球场basketball court网球场tennis court停车场parking area屋顶花园roof garden, green roof凉亭pavilion花架pergola（比较：宝塔pagoda ）行车道carriageway人行道sidewalk自行车道bicycle path国外建筑类多立克柱Doric column爱奥尼亚柱Ionic column科林斯柱Corinthian column古典主义的classical新古典主义的neoclassical拜占庭Byzantine