牛津上海版高一上英语U2词汇句型精讲学案

1、李洁意牛津高一上U2词汇句型精讲阅读拓展精讲U2 重点词汇精讲1. suit (v) 适合，主要指口味颜色、款式的相配词组：suit sth to sb/sth 使某物适合某人/物 suit sb fine 非常适合某人例句：导演尽力使话剧迎合观众的口味。 明亮的颜色很适合我。【拓展】（1） suitable (adj) 合适的词组：be suitable to do 适合做某事 be suitable for sth 适合某事例句：她适合做这份工作吗？她适合这份工作吗？（2） 比较：fit (v) 合适，主要指大小尺寸或形状的吻合词组：fit on 试穿 fit in with 跟相适应例句

2、：你能试穿一下那双鞋吗？商品生产必须与社会需要相适应(adj) 适合的词组：be fit for 适合某事 be fit to do 适合做某事 keep fit 保持健康（=keep healthy）例句：她很适合做这份工作。 她很适合这份工作。 她想保持健康。（3） 比较：match (v) 匹配，多指两个物体大小，色调，形状等方面很相配，显得很协调例句：我的衬衫和我的领带很不搭。2. guarantee (v) 保证词组：guarantee (sb) sth = guarantee sth (to sb) 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do sth 保证去做某事 guaran

3、tee that 保证例句：即使你上了好的高中，我也不能保证你能上好的大学。政府保证提高人们的生活质量。我向你保证如果你努力学习，就会取得进步。（n） 保证，保修期词组：under guarantee 在保修期内例句：你的电视在保修期内吗？3. expert （n）专家，能手词组：an expert in/at/on (doing) sth 擅长做某事的专家例句：我的老师是烹饪的专家。(a) 熟练的词组：be expert in/at/on (doing) sth 擅长做某事例句：很擅长画画。4. curl (v) 使卷曲词组：curl up 卷起例句：这封信开始卷起来了。（n）卷曲词组：a

4、curl of sbs lips/mouth例句：撅着嘴说道。 5. balance (n) 平衡词组：keep /lose the balance between A and B保持/失去A和B的平衡 on balance 总的来说 in the balance 悬而未决例句：你应该保持好工作和学习之间的平衡总的来说，我更喜欢旧的那套制度。那个小男孩的命运仍然悬而未决。(v) 使平衡词组：balance sth against sth 在和之间做出权衡 balance out 相等 balance A with B 使A和B平衡例句： 法庭必须在我们的自由和安全之间做出权衡。有的时候我照看孩

5、子，有的时候John照看孩子。两个人差不多。 我们应该使一方与另一方成均势。6. in addition 另外例句：ln addition, look after your hair. 另外，照顾你的头发。【拓展】（1）in addition to 除之外例句：除了学英语之外，他还要学数学。 除了每周的薪水外，我还能得到很多小费。（2）additional 附加的例句：重的行李要额外收费。7. effective (adj) 有效的词组：take effective measures 采取有效的措施例句：我们的政府正在采取有效的措施来制止污染。【拓展】(1) effect (n) 效果，影响词

6、组：in effect 实际上；生效 side effect 副作用 come into effect 生效，实行have a(n)effect on 对有影响 of no effect 无效 take effect 开始实行，开始生效例句：这些法律在中国有效。 这种药的副作用 这个法律将在2个月内生效。吸烟对健康产生不好的影响。他所做的是没有效的。 这药起效果了吗？(2) efficient (adj) 高效的词组：be efficient in ones work 工作效率高例句：他的工作效率很高。(3) affect (v) 影响例句：吸烟影响健康。8. conditioner (n)

7、护发素例句： 往你的湿头发上喷一些护发素。【拓展】（1） condition (n) 环境，状况词组：in/ under favourable conditions 在有利的形势下 in good (out of) condition 健康正常/失常 on condition that 只要，如果例句： 他是在特别有利的语言环境中长大的。 你可以做瑜伽来让你的身体保持健康。 只要你不乱花钱，我就让你去。9. normal (adj)正常的例句： 考试之前觉得紧张是很正常的。【拓展】normalabnormal 正常的不正常的（正常的状态，标准的常态）commonuncommon 常见的不常见的

8、（强调共性，哪里都看得到，满大街都是）ordinaryoutstanding 平常的出众的（强调不出众，普通性）usualunusual 通常的不寻常的（强调通常性，昨天是这样，前天也是这样）regularirregular 规律的，定期的不定期的，不规律的例句： 医生说孩子的体温是正常的。 这是一个很普通的包，你可以在每一个商店找到。 这本小说描述了普通人的生活。 看到他哭很正常。 定期梳头可以帮助头发生长。10. apply (v) 申请，应用词组：apply for leave 请假 apply for a job 求职 apply oneself to 专心于 applyto 应用例句

9、：如果我们两个人在同一天请假的话，公司可能会说不。 他将要找工作。 他没有专心于他的工作。 科学上的发明通常都应用于工业生产过程。11. damage (v) 损坏 词组：damage ones name 毁坏某人的名声例句： 因为作弊，他毁了自己的名声。（n）毁坏词组：do/cause great damage to 造成很大的伤害例句：砍伐森林对环境造成严重的伤害。12. ensure (v) 保证，担保例句：巨大的努力确保了我们工作的成功。词组：ensure sb sth 使某人一定得到例句：巨大的努力使我们一定会成功。【拓展】（1） make sure 查明，设法确定词组：make s

10、ure to do 确保做某事 make sure of sth例句：确保明天准时到这里。 你必须把时间和地点弄清楚（2） assure (v) 使（某人）相信词组：assure sb of sth 使某人相信某事例句：他使我们相信他解决问题的能力。13. attention (n) 注意词组：pay attention to 注意 bring/call/catch/draw/have ones attention 引起某人的注意例句：注意你吃了什么。 你可以用橙色吸引人们的注意。14. stress (n) 压力词组：lay/put stress on sth 强调某事例句：他强调了学习的重

11、要性。【拓展】stressful (a) 有压力的，紧张的15. rob (v) 抢劫词组：rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物例句：压力会使你亮丽的头发失去光泽。【拓展】robber (n) 强盗 robbery (n) 抢劫案accuse sb of sth 控告某人犯某事cheat sb of sth 骗取某人某物cure sb of sth 治好某人的病inform sb of sth 通知某人某事remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱某物warn sb of sth 警告某人某事课堂练习一、 选择框中适当内容并以适当形式填空fit

12、guarantee be expert in take effect damage suitablekeep balance on condition make sure stress in addition(1) The rules must be published Friday to _ before Obama is sworn in Jan 20.(2) We can say that each member of the group _ some area.(3) No dish _ all tastes.(4) We always want to _ between growth

13、 and value.(5) These houses _ in the last years earthquake.(6) I will lend you the book _ that you return it on Monday.(7) I think Ive got one of the _ jobs here and I almost want to quit.(8) Please _ to turn off the lights before you go.(9) This garden has the best collection of native plants. _, i

14、t contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.(10) The boss _ his workers the full salary last year二、 翻译句子1. 除英语外，他还得学第二外语。（in addition to）2. 新的时刻表什么时候实行?（come into effect）3. 只要他明天能还回来，就可以用这辆自行车。（on condition that,虚拟语气）4. 学生们应该专心学习。（apply oneself to）5. 这些化学药品会对环境造成损害。（cause damage to）6. 这篇文章的目

15、的是让人们关注这些问题。（draw ones attention）7. 家长非常重视孩子的表现。（put great stress on）8. 他们夺走了人民的自由。（rob sb of sth）阅读拓展精讲阅读理解细节题做题技巧：第一步：通读全文，把握文章大意 拿到阅读篇章，第一步就是要求通读全文，力争把握文章体裁和脉络，做到能够回答when(故事发生的时间)、where(故事发生的地点)、who(文章的主人公)和what(文章讲述了什么事情)等问题。 第二步：细读题干，查寻转换内容 把握文章大意后，必须把注意力集中到文章题目上来，对于题干内容，必须要提炼出最能够说明问题的词、词组或者句型，

16、然后再在这个基础上从文章中找出同义词、词组或者句型，这一遍带着目的读文章必须是字斟句酌、非常仔细。 第三步：扫读语块，搜索有效信息 刚才我们已经在文章中找到了与题干吻合的单词、词组或者句型，在这个吻合单词、词组或者句型周围扫描，力争找到能够说明问题，帮助选择正确答案的信息。 第四步：查读题项，定位正确答案 The Global Drink Tea, the global drink, is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water. Originating in China, tea has long es

17、tablished itself as the national drink of this country, the nation with the biggest population on earth.A century before the birth of Christ, tea was described in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live longer. Tea is still being regarded as such. Scientific studies have suggested that dr

18、inking five cups of tea a day can be compared to having two servings of vegetables. Both green and black teas are claimed to be effective for preventing cancer, heart disease and many other deadly diseases. There is only one point people need to be aware of when they drink tea it should not be drunk

19、 along with meals. This is because an element contained in tea can interfere with the bodys absorption of iron.Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, is carefully prepared according to local customs. The Chinese put loose tea in teapot, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. Th

20、e strong tea from Chinas Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner. Lighter teas with jasmine, rose or other flowers, are special to Chinas Changjiang River regions. These are usually served after dinner to help digestion.In England people use teabags and mugs. Many English people, traveli

21、ng away from home, feel at a loss if their favourite teabags are not available. Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition. Its a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters, though now more young people prefer acola.In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held wh

22、ile people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually held in a teahouse, dates back to the sixteenth century. Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is a powdered green tea. Though still practised today, the tea ceremony may not be as popular as it used to be. Young Japanese tend to f

23、avour other drinks.I. Comprehension Questions1.Tea is considered a global drink because.A.it tastes much better than boiled waterB.it is long established in ancient China before Jesus Christ was bornC.it is preferred not only in China but also in many other countriesD. it ranks first in terms of the

24、 number of drinkers other than water2.Why is tea called a health drink?A.Because it contains as much vitamin C as green vegetables.B.Because it can cure many diseases like caner, heart problem, etc.C.Because its nutritional value can be compared to that of vegetables.D.Because a person doesnt have t

25、o have any vegetables if he drinks five cups of tea a day.3.Which of the following is TRUE?A.The custom of serving tea varies with each culture.B.Japanese today still enjoy the traditional tea ceremony very much.C.Lighter teas are often served with meals to help digestion.D.Stronger teas are preferr

26、ed because it helps to interfere with the bodys absorption of iron to stay slim.4.Which of the following best sums up the main idea of the text?A.Tea the global health drink has a history of over 2019 years.B.Tea the global health drink is a symbol of a nations culture.C.Tea the global health drink

27、enjoys a great popularity all over the world.D.Tea the global health drink originated in China and has become its national drink.II. Put the following phrases either in English or Chinese according to the reading passage1. a serving of2. loose tea3. tend to4.a time-honoured tradition_5.powdered gree

28、n tea6. 干扰7. 茶道8. 设立，建立9. 追溯到10. 把比作. Fill in the blank with the words or phrases in the reading passage1. Tea has long been regarded as that helps one live longer.2. I amas to how to solve these problems.3. Tea is believed to be indigenous (本土的；专属某地的) to China. Did rice wine also in China?4. Too mu

29、ch fat in ones meal may cause poor, and thus can result in stomachache.5. There are a number of churches in Britain that the 13th century.6. Too much pressure from the teacher canchildrens performance at school.IV. Translation1杰克声称他发现了一种新的化学元素，但没人相信他。(claim)2月饼被视为中国人的传统食品，它随着移民来到了悉尼唐人街。( be regarded

30、 as)3他们常常会去买一些很便宜的、经加工的食物，如罐头鸡肉和水果。(tend to)4. 我们希望在不久的将来，人人都能享受到免费医疗服务。( available)5. 早上我喜欢喝一杯浓清咖，这是一个保持精力旺盛的有效方法。( effective)6. 经过几十年的科学实验和研究，这个科学家最终创立了一个新的理论，并因此在科学界确立了地位。( set up，establish)回家作业一、 词汇自默（20min）hairstyle suit guarantee on top of the world expert curlangle balanced in addition shampo

31、o effective conditionernormal apply wet squeeze squeeze out combdamage loosen dirt hairdryer overuse baldensure pay attention to protein adequate dairy product stressrob of remedy rinse regularly rub发型；发式 适合 保证 高兴到极点；心满意足 专家 卷发棱角 均衡的 此外；另外 洗发剂 有效的 护发素正常的 使用 把某物弄湿 挤 挤出 梳子损害 使变松 灰尘 吹风机 过度使用 秃顶的保证 注意；关

32、注 蛋白质 足够的 乳制品 精神压力；紧张夺去 治疗方法 冲洗掉；漂净 经常 搓某物二、阅读训练Cloze (10min)There are many types of reports. A report is simply 1 of something that has happened. The commonest are 2 We get them in newspapers, over radio and 3 television. Sometimes cinemas also show us newsreels(新闻片).The main purpose of a newspaper

33、 4 provide news. If you 5 a newspaper closely, you will find that there are all types of news: accidents, floods, fires, wars, sports, books, etc. The news 6 everything that happens to people and their surroundings. Sometimes there are news items which are very 7 The big 8 bold words above the news

34、items are called headlines. Their purpose is to 9 attention so that people will buy the newspaper because they want to read 10 of the news.A news report is usually very short, 11 when it is about something very important, but it 12 a lot of information. It is also written in short paragraphs. The fi

35、rst paragraph is in 13 a summary of the news item. It gives all the necessary information: what, when, where, how, why. The other paragraphs give 14 of the subject. There may also be interviews 15 people. The words actually spoken by them are within inverted commas.Often there are photographs to go

36、with the news to make it more interesting.( ) 1. A. a countB. an accountC. an accidentD. an incident( ) 2. A. news reports B. new reportsC. news reportD. new report( ) 3. A. overB. byC. onD. through( ) 4. A. is toB. isC. is to haveD. is to be( ) 5. A. examineB. watchC. lookD. see( ) 6. A. concludesB

37、. coversC. concludeD. cover( ) 7. A. amuseB. amusedC. amusingD. to amuse( ) 8. A. orB. as wellC. bothD. also() 9. A. giveB. attainC. payD. attract( )10. A. the restB. restC. otherD. the other()11. A. besidesB. apart fromC. exceptD. except for( )12.A.composesB.concludesC.confirmsD.contains( )13.A.det

38、ailsB.replyC.allD.fact( )14.A.fully detailsB.full detailsC.details fullyD.details full( )15.A.withB.betweenC.toD.amongReading (20min)(A)Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are over concerned with their own appeara

39、nce and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. Adpersons self concept is reflected i

40、n the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other peoples reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep affect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, have low self-esteem(自尊 ), are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassu

41、rance that they are doing the right thing. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior (自卑). They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: Youre j

42、ust saying that to make me feel good. I know its not true. It is clear that, while self awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination. It is important for people to accep

43、t their weaknesses as well as their strengths, for example, not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have to be realistic. Living on the impossible leads to absence of inferiority. Each one of us has his or her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The b

44、etter we understand ourselves. The easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.() 16. The first paragraph is mainly about.A.the thoughts of shy peopleB.the cause of shynessC.the effect of shyness on peopleD.the questions in the minds of shy people( ) 17. According to t

45、he writer, self-awareness is.A. harmful to peopleB. a weak point of shy peopleC. the cause of unhappinessD. a good characteristic( ) 18. What is the shy peoples reaction to praise?A. They are pleased by itB. They feel it is not trueC. They are very sensitive to itD. They feel they are worthy of it()

46、 19. We can learn from the passage that shyness can.A.help us to live up to our full developmentB.enable us to understand ourselves betterC.block our chances for a successful lifeD.have nothing to do with lack of self esteem(B)Members of the working class have blue-collar jobs. They are construction

47、 workers, truck drivers, mechanics, steel workers, electricians, and the like. What makes this class differ from the lower class is, first, longer periods of employment and therefore, more fixed incomesand, second, employment in skilled or semi-skilled(半熟练的) occupations, not unskilled ones. Although

48、 unemployment hits all levels of the American economy, including those of skilled and semi-skilled workers, it is most common at the bottom of the class structure and increasingly less common at each level upward. They consider themselves to be respectable and hard working and they look down upon me

49、mbers of the lower class, whom they often consider to be lazy, dishonest, and too ready to exploit public assistance.Most people in the working class have at least high school education. Many have some experience of college (especially community college), though few are college graduates. Unionizati

50、on has helped the working class, but a rapidly changing economy and frequent periods of high unemployment make it difficult for most of its members to be able to increase their savings greatly. Purchasing a house for people in this class is extremely difficult, although a certain percentage may rece

51、ive houses from their parents. (Home-owning rises with social class. )A greater number of the members of the working class take relatively little satisfaction in their jobs, because much of their work is ordinary and boring. As a result, many seek their main satisfaction in recreational(娱乐的) activit

52、ies. Many members of this class would like to earn enough money to leave their jobs and start their own businesses, though few make it. Many place their expectations on their children, hoping that they at least will rise in the ladder of success, American style. ( ) 20. Which of the following is TRU

53、E about the working class?A.They are often employed as skilled and semi-skilled workers.B.They are often offered jobs with high incomes.C.They are often considered lazy and dishonest.D.They are often exploited by the public.() 21. The underlined word hit(Paragraph 1) roughly means.A. strike with a b

54、lowB. have bad effects onC. break up D. beat( ) 22. Most people in the working class.A.have difficulty increasing their savings greatlyB.have at least some experience of collegeC.receive houses from their parentsD.buy houses by themselves(C)The most important holiday in spring, especially for Christians(基督教), is Easter.