药理学专业词汇

1、实用标准药理学专业词汇（中英文对照）第一章绪论药理学pharmacology药物drug药物效应动力学pharmacodynamics药物代谢动力学pharmacokinetics上市后药物监测post-marketing surveillance第二章药物效应动力学药物作用pharmacological action药理效应pharmacological effect治疗作用therapeutic effect对症治疗symptomatic treatment补充疗法supplement therapy不良反应adverse drug reaction副作用side reaction毒性反应

2、toxic reaction后遗效应after effect变态反应allergic reaction剂量 -效应关系dose-effect relationship最小有效量minimal effective dose最小有效浓度minimal effective concentration个体差异individual variability效价强度potency构效关系structure activity relationship激动药agonist拮抗药antagonist配体门控离子通道受体ligand gated ion channel receptor第三章药物代谢动力学吸收abs

3、orption首关消除first-pass elimination静脉注射intravenous injection分布distribution生物转化biotransformation排泄excretion文案大全实用标准时量关系time-concentration relationship生物利用度bioavailability药物消除动力学过程elimination kinetic process一级消除动力学first-order elimination kinetics零级消除动力学zero-order elimination kinetics半衰期half-life表观分布容积ap

4、parent volume of distribution总体清除率total body clearance稳态浓度steady-state concentration第四章影响药物效应的因素和合理用药的原则控释剂controlled release formulation缓释剂slow release formulation耐受性tolerance耐药性resistance药物依赖性drug dependence相互作用interaction配伍禁忌incompatibility协同synergism拮抗antagonism第五章 自主神经系统药理总论运动神经somatic motor ne

5、rvous system自主神经autonomic nervous system胆碱能神经cholinergic nerve去甲肾上腺素能神经noradrenergic nerve乙酰胆碱acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcholinesterase摄取uptake单胺氧化酶mono-amine oxidase儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶catechol-O-methyl transferase第六章胆碱受体激动药毛果芸香碱pilocarpine烟碱nicotine文案大全实用标准第七章抗胆碱酯酶药及胆碱酯酶复活药抗胆碱酯酶药anticholinesterase agents胆碱酯酶复

6、活药cholinesterase reactivator新斯的明neostigmine有机磷酸酯类organophosphate碘解磷定pralidoxime iodine第八章M 胆碱受体阻断药阿托品atropine山莨菪碱anisodamine东莨菪碱scopolamine第九章N 胆碱受体阻断药琥珀胆碱suxamethonium筒箭毒碱d-tubocurarine第十章肾上腺素受体激动药去甲肾上腺素noradrenaline肾上腺素adrenaline多巴胺dopamine异丙肾上腺素isoprenaline第十一章肾上腺素受体阻断药肾上腺素受体阻断药adrenoceptor block

7、ing drugs酚妥拉明phentolamine肾上腺素作用翻转adrenaline reversal酚苄明phenoxybenzamine文案大全实用标准哌唑嗪prazosin普萘洛尔propranolol第十二章局部麻醉药表面麻醉suifaceanesthesia浸润麻醉infiltrationanesthesia传导麻醉conductionanesthesia蛛网膜下腔麻醉subarachnoidalanesthesia利多卡因lidocaine普鲁卡因procaine丁卡因tetracaine第十三章全身麻醉药吸入麻醉药inhalational anesthetics氟烷haloth

8、ane静脉麻醉intravenous anesthetics硫喷妥钠thiopental sodium诱导麻醉induction of anesthesia第十四章镇静催眠药地西泮Diazepam氯氮卓Chlordiazepoxide奥沙西泮Oxazepam硝西泮Nitrazepam艾司唑仑Estazolam苯巴比妥Phenobarbital水合氯醛Chloral hydrate第十五章抗癫痫药和抗惊厥药抗癫痫药antiepileptic drugs苯妥英钠sodium phenytoin苯巴比妥phenobarbital扑米酮primidone乙琥胺ethosuximide文案大全实用标准苯

9、二氮卓类benzodiazepine卡马西平carbamazepine丙戊酸钠sodium valproate硫酸镁magnesium sulfate第十六章抗中枢退行性疾病药左旋多巴levodopa, L-dopa卡比多巴Carbidopa司来吉米Selegiline硝替卡朋Nitecapone第十七章抗精神失常药抗精神病药antipsychotic drugs抗躁狂药antimanic drugs抗抑郁药antidepressive drugs抗焦虑药antianxiety drugs吩噻嗪类phenothiazines硫杂蒽类thioxanthenes丁酰苯类butyrophenones

10、氯丙嗪chlorpromazine氯氮平clozapine碳酸锂lithium carbonate丙米嗪imipramine第十八章镇痛药阿片opium吗啡morphine哌替啶pethidine美沙酮methadone喷他佐辛pentazocine芬太尼fentanyl第十九章解热镇痛抗炎药解热镇痛抗炎药antipyretic ， analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs非甾体抗炎药non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs花生四烯酸arachidonic acid文案大全实用标准阿司匹林aspirin非那西丁phenace

11、tin乙酰氨基酚paracetamol保泰松phenylbutazone吲哚美辛indomethacin布洛芬brufen别嘌醇allopurinol丙磺舒probenecid秋水仙碱colchicines第二十章抗变态反应药组胺histamine抗组胺药antihistamines苯海拉明diphenhydramine异丙嗪promethazine阿司咪唑astemizole西咪替丁cimetidine雷尼替丁ranitidine5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptamine酮色林ketanserin昂丹司琼ondansetron第二十一章钙拮抗药钙拮抗药calcium antagonis

12、ts电压依赖性钙通道voltage dependent Ca2+ channels受体调控性钙通道receptor-operated Ca2+ channels第二信使活化钙通道second messenger operated Ca2+ channels机械活化钙通道mechanically operated Ca2+ channels硝苯地平nifedipine尼群地平nitrendipine地尔硫卓diltiazem维拉帕米verapamil第二十二章肾素 - 血管紧张素 - 醛固酮系统肾素rennin血管紧张素原angiotensinogen血管紧张素转化酶angiotensin co

13、nverting enzyme血管紧张素肽angiotensin peptides文案大全实用标准血管紧张素受体angiotensin receptor卡托普利captopril依那普利enalapril雷米普利ramipril第二十三章抗心律失常药心律失常arrhythmias奎尼丁Quinidine利多卡因Lidocaine普罗帕酮Propafenone胺碘酮Amiodarone维拉帕米Verapamil致心律失常作用proarrhythmia ，arrhythmogenesis第二十四章抗慢性心功能不全药卡托普利Captopril氯沙坦Losartar美托洛尔metoprolol卡维地洛

14、carvedilol地高辛Digoxin米力农Milrinone维司力农vesnarinone第二十五章抗心绞痛药心绞痛angina pectoris硝酸甘油nitroglycerin硝酸异山梨酯isosobide dinitrater戊四硝酯pentaerythrityl tetranitrate普萘洛尔propranolol硝苯地平nifedipine维拉帕米verapamil地尔硫卓diltiazem卡维地洛carvedilol第二十六章调血脂药与抗动脉粥样硬化药胆固醇cholesterol文案大全实用标准三酰甘油triglyceride磷脂phospholipid游离脂肪酸free f

15、atty acid胆固醇酯cholesteryl ester游离胆固醇free cholesterol总胆固醇total cholesterol载脂蛋白apoprotein脂蛋白lipoprotein消胆胺cholestyramine, cholesteramine resin烟酸nicotinic acid普罗布考 /丙丁酚probucol多烯脂肪酸类polyenoic fatty acids多不饱和脂肪酸类polyunsaturated fatty acids二十碳五烯酸eicosapentaenoic acid二十二碳六烯酸docosahexaenoic acid-亚麻酸-linolen

16、ic acid亚油酸linolenic acid-亚麻酸-linolenic acid月见草油evening primrose oil亚油酸linolenic acid硫酸乙酰肝素heparan sulfate硫酸皮肤素dermatan sulfate硫酸软骨素chondroitinsulfate第二十七章抗高血压药个体化治疗方案individualized therapy氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide氨氯地平amlodipine卡托普利captopril氯沙坦losartan可乐定clonidine甲基多巴methyldopa莫索尼定moxonidine哌唑嗪prazosin

17、肼屈嗪hydralazine米诺地尔minoxidil二氮嗪diazoxide硝普钠sodium nitroprusside第二十八章利尿药及脱水药文案大全实用标准利尿药diuresisdrugs呋噻米furosemide阿米洛利amiloride螺内酯spironolactone乙酰唑胺acetazolamide氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide氨苯蝶啶triamterene第二十九章作用于血液和造血器官的药物肝素heparin鱼精蛋白protamin低分子量肝素low molacular weight heparin伊诺肝素enoxaparin水蛭素lepirudin双香豆素d

18、icoumarin华法林warfarin枸橼酸钠sodium Citrate阿司匹林aspirin利多格雷ridogrel依前列醇epoprostanol双嘧达莫dipyridamole噻氯匹定antigreg链激酶streptokinase,SK阿替普酶alteplase沙芦普酶saruplase阿尼普酶anistreplase右旋糖酐dexran第三十章作用于呼吸系统的药物平喘药antiasthmatic drugs镇咳药antitussives祛痰药expectorants倍氯米松beclomethasone dipropionate布地奈德budesonide曲安奈德triamcino

19、lone acetonide丙酸氟替卡松fluticasone propionate氟尼缩松flunisolide色甘酸钠disodium cromoglycate曲尼司特tranilast酮替芬ketotifen文案大全实用标准奈多罗米钠nedocromil sodium沙丁胺醇salbutamol特布他林terbutaline克仑特罗clenbuterol氯丙那林clorprenaline福莫特罗formoterol沙美特罗salmeterol氨茶碱aminophylline二羟丙茶碱diprophylline胆茶碱cholinophylline多索茶碱doxofylline茶碱theop

20、hylline异丙托溴铵ipratropium可待因codeine右美沙芬dextromethorphan喷托维林pentoxyverine苯佐那酯benzonatate苯丙哌林benproperine氯化铵ammonium chloride乙酰半胱氨酸acetylcysteine溴己新bromhexine第三十一章作用于消化系统的药物西咪替丁cimetidine雷尼替丁ranitidine法莫替丁famotidine丙谷胺proglumide哌仑西平pirenzepine奥美拉唑omeprazole硫糖铝sucralfate三钾二枸橼酸铋tripotassium dicitrate bism

21、uthate昂丹司琼ondansetron苯海拉明diphenhydramine东莨菪碱scopolamine氯丙嗪chloropromazine甲氧氯普胺metoclopramide多潘立酮domperidone西沙必利cisapride硫酸镁magnesium sulfate硫酸钠sodium sulfate乳果糖lactulose文案大全实用标准酚酞phenolphthalein比沙可啶bisacodyl液体石腊liquid paraffin甘油glycerin地芬诺酯diphenoxylate洛哌丁胺loperamide联苯双酯bifendate马洛替酯malotilate苯丙醇phe

22、nylpropanol熊去氧胆酸ursodeoxycholic acid牛胆酸钠sodium tauroglycocholate去氢胆酸dehydrocholic acid曲匹布通trepibutone第三十二章子宫平滑肌兴奋药和抑制药缩宫素oxytocin麦角新碱ergometrine麦角胺ergotamine前列腺素prostaglandin第三十三章性激素类药及避孕药雌激素estrogen孕激素progestogen雄激素androgen第三十四章肾上腺皮质激素类药物肾上腺皮质激素adrenocortical hormones糖皮质激素glucocorticoids氢化可的松hydroc

23、ortisone可的松cortisone盐皮质激素mineralocorticoids醛固酮aldosterone去氧皮质酮desoxycorticosterone泼尼松prednisone泼尼松龙prednisolone甲泼尼龙methylprednisolone地塞米松dexamethasone倍他米松betamethasone文案大全实用标准曲安西龙triamcinolone氟氢可的松fludrocortisone氟轻松fluocinolone acetonide糖皮质激素受体glucocorticoid receptor正性糖皮质激素反应成分glucocorticoid respons

24、e element负性糖皮质激素反应成分negative glucocorticoid response element皮质激素转运球蛋白corticosteroid binding globulin第三十五章甲状腺素和抗甲状腺药甲状腺功能亢进症hyperthyroidism甲状腺素thyroxine三碘甲状腺原氨酸triiodothyronine抗甲状腺药antithyroid drugs硫脲类thiourease硫氧嘧啶类thiouracils丙硫氧嘧啶propylthiouracil甲硫氧嘧啶methylthiouracil咪唑类imidazoles甲硫咪唑thiamazole他巴唑ta

25、pazole碘iodine碘化物iodide放射性碘radioiodine第三十六章胰岛素及口服降糖药胰岛素insulin甲苯磺丁脲tolbutamide氯磺丙脲chlorpropamide格列吡嗪glipizide格列齐特gliclazide格列波脲glibornuride格列喹酮gliquidone格列美脲glimepiride苯乙福明phenformin丁福明buformin甲福明metformin阿卡波糖acarbose伏格列波糖voglibose米格列醇miglitol罗格列酮rosiglitazone文案大全实用标准环格列酮ciglitazone吡格列酮pioglitazone恩格

26、列酮englitazone第三十七章抗菌药物概论抑菌药inhibitory drugs杀菌药bactericidal drugs抗菌谱antimicrobial spectrum最低抑菌浓度minimal inhibitory concentration最低杀菌浓度minimal bactericidal concentration化学疗法chemotherapy耐药性tolerance抗生素antibiotics第三十八章- 内酰胺类抗生素青霉素penicillin青霉素结合蛋白penicillin binding proteins头孢噻吩cephalothin头孢孟多cefamandole

27、头孢曲松ceftriaxone第三十九章大环内酯类、林可霉素类及万古霉素类抗生素大环内酯类抗生素macrolides红霉素erythromycin林可霉素lincomycin万古霉素vancomycin螺旋霉素spiramycin第四十章氨基苷类及多黏菌素类氨基苷类aminoglycosides链霉素streptomycin庆大霉素gentamicin卡那霉素kanamycin抗生素后效应post antibiotic effect妥布霉素tobramycin文案大全实用标准阿米卡星amikacin奈替米星netilmicin多黏菌素类polymyxins第四十一章四环素类及氯霉素类四环素tetracycline土霉素terramycin氯霉素chloramphenicol广谱抗生素broad-spectrum antibiotics多西环素doxycycline第四十二章人工合成抗菌药喹诺酮类quinolones诺氟沙星norfloxacin吡哌酸pipemidic acid氧氟沙星ofloxacin左氧氟沙星levofloxacin环丙沙星ciprofloxacin司帕沙星sparfloxacin曲伐沙星trovafloxacin磺胺嘧啶sulfadiazine磺