世界知识产权指标

1、Table of contentsPatentsForeword 5TrademarksAcknowledgements 6Further information 6Key numbers 7Overview of IP filing activity 8Industrial designsPatents 11Highlights 12Patent statistics 22Trademarks 75Highlights 76Trademark statistics 86Plant varietiesIndustrial designs 127Highlights 128Industrial

2、design statistics 135Plant varieties 167Geographical indicationsHighlights 168Plant variety statistics 172Geographical indications 183Creative economy 191Highlights 192Creative economy statistics 198Creative economyAdditional information 219Data description 220IP systems at a glance 222Glossary 226A

3、bbreviations 233Additional informationAnnexes 234ForewordOur shared human drive to innovate and create is a primary force for positive change for economic, cultural and social advancement. The tools of the modern intellectual property (IP) system patents, trademarks, designs, geographical indication

4、s, copy- right and others ensure that those sparks of genius are channeled to market as life-enhancing products. As the United Nations agency promoting the worldwide use of IP, one element of WIPOs mandate is to craft knowledge products that document the latest trends in IP, innovation and creativit

5、y to promote the use of IP for the benefit of all.That is why each year we produce our unique, bench- mark World Intellectual Property Indicators (WIPI) report, which draws on WIPOs central position in the global IP system to collect and analyze IP data from some 150 national and regional offices ar

6、ound the world.The World Intellectual Property Indicators 2020 report covers 2019 data, predating the human and economic shock of the COVID-19 pandemic. What this years WIPI documents, however, is a strong foundation of IP activity that will serve as a base for new advance- ments as the pandemic sub

7、sides.In 2019, trademark and industrial design filing activ- ity increased by 5.9% and 1.3%, respectively. A 3% decline in global patent applications, the first fall in a decade, was driven by a drop in filings by Chinese residents amidst an overall shift in regulations there aimed at optimizing app

8、lication structures. Excluding China, global patent filings rose 2.3% the highest rate of growth in years.The rich data and insights contained in this report are of critical value to a broad audience. Policy makers use it to understand a competitive global economic environment. IP offices, as well a

9、s WIPO, use the fig- ures to guide their operational planning. Researchers rely on our findings to understand which technologies are being developed, and where. The private sector and IP professionals can benefit from data in the WIPI identifying trends affecting their industry and the economy at la

10、rge. I sincerely hope all WIPI readers find this report illuminating.I would like to thank our member states, as well as national and regional IP authorities, for sharing their annual statistics with WIPO especially in light of the many constraints due to the pandemics containment measures. Their in

11、valuable cooperation makes the World Intellectual Property Indicators possible.Daren TANG Director GeneralAcknowledgementsWorld Intellectual Property Indicators 2020 was prepared under the direction of Daren Tang (Director General) and supervised by Carsten Fink (Chief Economist). The report was pre

12、pared by Kyle Bergquist, Mosahid Khan, Ryan Lamb, Bruno Le Feuvre, Anastasiya Letnikava and Hao Zhou, all from the Department for Economics and Data Analytics. Peter Button and Ariane Besse of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) provided comments and sug- ges

13、tions for the plant varieties section. Alexandra Grazioli and Matteo Gragnani of the Brands and Designs Sector provided comments and suggestions for the geographical indications section.Samiah Do Carmo Figueiredo, Judith Davila Monzon and Jovana Stojanovi pro- vided administrative support. Gratitude

14、 is also due to the Publications Division for the editing and design and to staff in the Printing Plant for their services.Further informationOnline resourcesThe electronic version of this report and the underlying data can be downloaded at HYPERLINK /ipstats /ipstats. This webpage also provides a l

15、ink to the IP Statistics Data Center, offering access to WIPOs statistical data.Contact informationEconomics and Statistics Division Website: HYPERLINK /ipstats /ipstatse-mail: HYPERLINK mailto:ipstats.mail ipstats.mailPatents20182019rate (%)total (%)Applications worldwide3,325,4003,224,2003.0100.0C

16、hina1,542,0021,400,6619.243.4U.S.597,141621,4534.119.3Japan313,567307,9691.89.6Utility modelsApplications worldwide2,146,6002,341,1809.1100.0China2,072,3112,268,1909.596.9Germany12,30711,6685.20.5Russian Federation9,74710,1364.00.4TrademarksApplication class counts worldwide14,314,00015,153,7005.910

17、0.0China7,365,3527,833,0816.451.7U.S.640,100672,6815.14.4Japan512,106546,2446.73.6Industrial designsApplication design counts worldwide1,343,8001,360,9001.3100.0China708,799711,6170.452.3EUIPO (EU office)108,553113,3194.48.3Republic of Korea68,31069,3601.55.1Plant varietiesApplications worldwide19,8

18、8021,4307.8100.0China5,7607,83436.036.6Community Plant Variety Office (EU)3,5543,5250.816.4U.S.1,6091,5901.27.4Source: WIPO Statistics Database, September 2020.Key numbersGrowthShare of worldOverview of IP filing activityTable 1. Ranking of total (resident and abroad) IP filing activity by origin, 2

19、019OriginPatentsMarksDesignsOriginPatentsMarksDesignsChina111Bulgaria594336U.S.224Morocco694822Germany542Chile403276Japan338Cyprus (b)655628Republic of Korea4103Colombia543660France666Hungary436050U.K.779Pakistan623557Italy11135Slovakia565459India10813Belarus446562Switzerland81410United Arab Emirate

20、s515171Iran (Islamic Republic of)20512Greece (b)478047Russian Federation12917Liechtenstein (a)429049Turkey22117Croatia676454Netherlands92014Sri Lanka617255Australia191616Peru773779Spain231711Slovenia (a, b, c)587958Sweden132615Uzbekistan606669Canada141526Bangladesh946939Brazil241220Mongolia935951Aus

21、tria (c)162425Serbia707163Poland (c)292318Lithuania747365Ukraine332119Estonia717470Denmark184021Kazakhstan (a, c)4850117Belgium173430Kenya647677China, Hong Kong SAR352524Azerbaijan558380Mexico321838Malta637783Indonesia302733Syrian Arab Republic866278Thailand392923Republic of Moldova878656Czech Repub

22、lic343129Latvia788173Portugal373027Monaco816884Singapore262840China, Macao SAR809467Viet Nam491931Madagascar.9566Israel155532Barbados (c)5210982Finland214637Armenia768293Luxembourg314935Ecuador1135288Argentina502245Georgia948975Norway284743Costa Rica8961110New Zealand363946Cte dIvoire (a, b, c)68108

23、85Egypt454534Iceland729891Saudi Arabia254260Algeria (b)8813841South Africa414442Mauritius1018581Malaysia383853Qatar (c)839790Philippines533344Cameroon (a, b, c)5711698Ireland (b)275352Oman10958106Romania464148Bosnia and Herzegovina10610468OVERVIEW OF IP FILING ACTIVITYOriginPatentsMarksDesignsOrigin

24、PatentsMarksDesignsCuba8987103Jamaica1229274Sudan (c)72100109Nigeria (a, c)13457101Panama10470108Antigua and Barbuda (a, b)66133.Yemen1058495Senegal (a, b, c)75122105Jordan1128887Dominican Republic11467122Note: Rankings are based on the total numbers of applications filed by origin. Patent data refe

25、r to numbers of equivalent patent applications. Trademark data refer to numbers of equivalent trademark applications based on class counts that is, the number of classes specified in applications. Industrial design data refer to numbers of equivalent industrial design applications based on design co

26、unts that is, the number of designs contained in applications. This table lists those origins for which at least two types of IP filing data are available.Data on patent applications at the national IP office are not available.Data on trademark applications at the national IP office are not availabl

27、e.Data on industrial design applications at the national IP office are not available. Source: WIPO Statistics Database, September 2020.Table 2. Ranking of resident IP activity by origin, 2019OriginPatentsMarksDesignsOriginPatentsMarksDesignsChina111Viet Nam391824U.S.238Thailand382918Japan329Denmark2

28、04723Germany573Belgium214132Republic of Korea4102Czech Republic353527France665Egypt333826India8512Argentina452035Iran (Islamic Republic of)11411Philippines432634Italy10134Romania373737Turkey1486China, Hong Kong SAR523129U.K.9127Finland245338Russian Federation7915Malaysia323944Brazil161116South Afric

29、a404036Netherlands132113Saudi Arabia283655Spain221510Morocco614317Switzerland122419Ireland36.46Ukraine261914Norway294649Poland1822.Greece44.39Australia251720Singapore275053Indonesia232325Bulgaria584430Sweden153422Pakistan542850Austria1733.Colombia483256Canada191642Israel307241Mexico311433Algeria67.3

30、1Portugal342521Hungary426343WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INDICATORS 2020OriginPatentsMarksDesignsOriginPatentsMarksDesignsNew Zealand534257Republic of Moldova727951Luxembourg416647Azerbaijan607668Chile462782Ecuador874575Sri Lanka516148Serbia627869Bangladesh765728Madagascar.8259Peru633069Estonia757365

31、Slovakia565454United Arab Emirates706580Mongolia745240Georgia728163Uzbekistan505861Latvia688664Croatia596252Sudan5792.Belarus496758Liechtenstein (a)4710871Kenya556466Armenia667587Cyprus79.45Panama8369.Syrian Arab Republic645667Yemen777184Lithuania657060Oman845199Note: Rankings are based on the numbe

32、rs of resident applications filed by origin. Patent data refer to numbers of equivalent patent applications. Trademark data refer to numbers of equivalent trademark applications based on class counts that is, the number of classes specified in applications. Industrial design data refer to numbers of

33、 equivalent industrial design applications based on design counts that is, the number of designs contained in applications. This table lists origins for which at least two types of IP filing data are available.Data on patent applications at the national IP office are not available. indicates not ava

34、ilable.Source: WIPO Statistics Database, September 2020.Patents11HighlightsPatent applications worldwide decreased by 3% in 2019 the first decline since the 2009 financial crisisApplicants around the world filed 3.2 million patent applications in 2019. This represents a 3% decrease on the previous y

35、ear and the first decline since the 2009 financial crisis (figure 1.1). A substantial decline in filings in China was the main driver of the decrease in the global total the China patent office received around 141,300 fewer applications in 2019 than it had in 2018. Japan (5,598), the Russian Federat

36、ion (2,446) and the United Kingdom (U.K.) (1,691) also received considerably fewer applications in 2019.Of the 3.2 million applications filed worldwide in 2019, resident applicants filed 2.2 million (69.2% of the total), while non-resident applicant filed the remaining mil- lion (30.8%). Resident sh

37、are decreased from 71.5% in 2018 to 69.2% in 2019, mainly due to the fall in resident filings in China.The long-term trend shows patent applications grow- ing worldwide every year since 1995, apart from 2002, 2009 and 2019, when they decreased by 0.9%, 3.8%and 3%, respectively.Despite a substantial

38、decline, the China office received the highest number of patent applications in 2019The National Intellectual Property Administration of the Peoples Republic of China (CNIPA) received 1.4 million patent applications in 2019. This is more than twice the amount received by the United States Patent and

39、 Trademark Office (USPTO). The USPTO ranked sec- ond, with 621,453 applications, followed by the Japan Patent Office (JPO), with 307,969 applications, the Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO), with 218,975 applications, and the European Patent Office (EPO), with 181,479 applications. Together,

40、 the top five offices accounted for 84.7% of the world total in 2019, which is8.3 percentage points higher than their combined share for 2009. Among the top five offices, Chinas share of the world total has increased considerably over the past ten years from 17% in 2009 to 43.4% in 2019.The composit

41、ion and ranking of the top 10 offices have both remained relatively stable since 2009. The top 10 offices has remained the same, except that in some years Australia has been among the top 10 offices, while in others it has lost its place to Brazil. In addition, China moved up from third position in

42、2009 to claim the top spot in 2011 and has continued to head the ranking for the past nine years. Figure 1.2 shows the patent applications received by the top 10 offices, broken down by resident and non-resident filings. The intellectual property (IP) offices of China (88.8%), Germany (69.2%), Japan

43、 (79.7%), the Republic of Korea (78.4%) and the Russian Federation (65.7%) received the bulk of their applications from resident applicants. In contrast, Australia (91.1%), Canada (88.4%) and India (63.7%) reported a large proportion of non-resident filings.PatentsPatent applications filed worldwide

44、 amounted to 3.2 million in 2019Patent applications worldwide, 200520194,000,0003,000,000Applications2,000,0001,000,0000200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019Application yearSource: Figure A1.Chinas office received more than twice the amount of applications received by the U.S.

45、Patent applications at the top 10 offices, 20191,300,000.ApplicationsPatents400,000300,000200,000100,000RESIDENTNON-RESIDENTSource: Figure A8.Among the top five offices, the Republic of Korea (+4.3%), the EPO (+4.1%) and the U.S. (+4.1%) recorded a growth in applications in 2019; in contrast, both C

46、hina (9.2%) and Japan (1.8%) saw a decline. After experiencing year-on-year growth for the past 24 years, Chinas office saw a sharp fall in filings in 2019. A marked decline in resident filings from 1.4 million in 2018 down to 1.2 mil- lion drove this fall in total filings. The patent office of Japa

47、n has experienced either falls in applications or negligible growth since 2005, mainly as a result of a persistent decline in resident applications. The EPO saw a third consecutive year of growth in 2019, while the U.S. office returned to growth following a decline the previous year. The Republic of

48、 Koreas office saw a second successive year of growth in applications.Among the top 20 offices, 11 had a greater number of patent applications in 2019 than in 2018 (figure A9). The largest increases were in Singapore (+19.3%), Indonesia (+17.7%) and India (+7.1%). The strong growth seen in India and

49、 Indonesia was driven primarily by an increase in resident applications, whereas conversely a strong growth in non-resident applications was the main driver of total growth in Singapore.Of the nine offices among the top 20 to have received fewer applications in 2019 than in 2018, China (9.2%) report

50、ed the steepest decline, due mainly to a fall in resident applications. The U.K. (8.1%), the Russian Federation (6.4%) and the Islamic Republic of Iran (5.3%) likewise recorded considerable annual drops. A fall in both resident and non-resident filings contrib- uted to the total decrease in those of

51、fices.Looking outside the top 20 offices to selected offices of low- and middle-income countries shows that the offices of Turkey (8,088), Malaysia (7,551) and South Africa (6,914) each received a high number of patent applications in 2019 (figure A10). In terms of growth rate, Honduras (+19.9%), Ke

52、nya (+17.1%), Bangladesh(+12.2%), Turkey (+8.3%) and Morocco (+7.6%) recorded a particularly rapid growth in 2019. An increase in non-resident applications was the main driver of total growth in Bangladesh and Morocco, whereas resident applications were the primary driver in Kenya and Turkey (figure

53、 A11). A resident versus non-resident breakdown is not available for Honduras.Among regional offices, the African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) (+4.5%) reported strong growth, whereas the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI) (6.7%) saw a substantial decrease. The E

54、urasian Patent Organization (EAPO) (0.2%) saw a small decline. At most of the offices of low- and middle-income countries, the bulk of applications are filed by non-resident applicants. As a result, an overall increase or decrease in applications received by these offices is determined mainly by the

55、 filing behavior of non-resident applicants.Offices located in Asia received 65% of all applications filed worldwide in 2019Of the top 20 offices, nine were located in Asia, six in Europe, two each in North America and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and one in Oceania. SouthAfrica is the hig

56、hest ranked African office, in 25th place. Offices located in Asia received around 2.1 million applications in 2019, representing 65% of the world total (figure 1.3). The combined total for Europe and North America was just above the 1 million mark. Asias share of all applications filed worldwide in

57、creased from 50.9% in 2009 to 65% in 2019. This was primarily driven by a strong growth in filings in China, accounting for 67% of all applications filed in the region. Offices in North America accounted for just over one-fifth of the 2019 world total, while those in Europe accounted for just above

58、one-tenth. The combined share for Africa, LAC and Oceania was 3.3%. The shares of all the worlds regions except Asia have gradually declined over the past decade due to the rapid growth in applications filed in China.Included among the top 20 list were 12 offices located in high-income, seven in upp

59、er middle-income and one in lower middle-income countries. The distribu- tion of applications by income group shows that the offices of high-income countries accounted for 49.4% all applications filed worldwide in 2019, while offices of upper middle-income countries accounted for 48%of the total (ta

60、ble A5). There has been a sizeable shift in the distribution of applications toward the upper middle-income group in recent years, which is largely explained by the strong growth in filings in China and a decline in Japan. The overall share for offices of upper middle-income countries has almost dou