虚拟语气及情态动词

1、文档编码 : CX6H8E8B9Q1 HQ3B10N7F2J4 ZX1Y1Z10G5D7第九讲 虚拟语气及情态动词 虚拟语气（ subjunctive mood ）subjunctive: the form or mood of a verb that expresses wishes, possibility or uncertainty 一三种时间的假设1.过去主句从句Wouldcouldmightshould Had done have done 现在Wouldcouldmightshould Didwas were dobe 将来Wouldcouldmightshould 1.did

2、waswere dobe 2.should +v 省 if 的虚拟条件句倒装,将had, should, were 提到句首3.were to +v Had you taken my advice, you wouldn t have failed in the exam. 假如你听了我的建议,你就不会考试不及格了；Should it rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 要是明天下雨,运动会就会推迟；2.含蓄条件with, without, but for What would you do with one million

3、dollars . 有一百万你会怎么做？= What would you do if you had one million dollars . He looked after my son for me yesterday. Without his help, I couldn t have finished work. 他昨天照看了我儿子；没有他的帮忙,我不行能完成工作；= If he hadn t helped me, I 3. 上下文示意 but, otherwise I drank alcohol ： last night; otherwise I could have driven

4、 my car home. 我昨晚喝了酒,否就我能把车开回家；= If I hadn t drunk wine last night, I could . You would have passed the exam, but you didn t take my advice. 你可以通过考试的,但你没有听我的建议；= You would have passed the exam if you had taken my advice. 4. 主从句时间不一样If he had studied hard at college, he would be a chief engineer now.

5、 要是他在高校里好好学习,他现在就会是总工程师了；二从句中 should + v 1. 表命令,要求,建议,意图,准备,举荐等意义的词 order, request, demand, suggest, advise, propose, command, require, insist, recommend He put forward a proposal that we do something for the celebrations. 他提议我们该为庆祝活动做点事情；My suggestion is that the meeting be put off till next week.

6、我的建议是会议推迟到下周；留意：suggest 1 建议,从句中用 should + v 2 说明,示意,从句中用陈述语气 All the evidence suggests that he stole the money. 全部的证据说明他偷了钱；insist 1从句中的谓语动作在后,从句中用 should + v He insisted that we attend the meeting. 他坚持要求我们参加会议；（2）从句中的谓语动作在前,从句中用陈述语气 Lily insisted that she hadn t spoken ill of Mike. mike 的坏话；Lily 坚

7、持说她没有说 2. It s important necessary strange natural essential + that Its necessary that we should learn Chinese well. 我们有必要学英雄语；三从句中用过去式1.I wish I could fly. 我期望我能飞；2.If only I could fly. 但愿我能飞；3. I would rather you came here tomorrow. 留意 ：我宁愿你明天来这儿；I would rather stay at home than go to the movie. 我

8、宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影；4. Its high time that you went home should go home. 到了你该回家的时候；5. as if 1 接近事实,从句中用陈述语气 It looks as if it is going to snow. 看来要下雪了；（2）与事实不符,从句中用虚拟语气 He looks as if he were 10 years younger today. 他今日看起来年轻了 10 岁； 情态动词 +have done 该结构表示过去或已经发生的动作：must have done sth. 确定做过某事 might / may have

9、 done sth. 可能做过某事 could have done sth. （1）可能做过某事（2）原先能够做某事 can t / couldn t have done sth. 不行能做过某事 should not have done sth. 本（不）应当做某事 ought not to have done sth. 本（不）应当做某事 needn t have done sth. 本不必做某事第九讲 虚拟语气与情态 巩固练习一 翻译练习1. 要是他明天来,我就会吧词典仍给他；（should）2. 假如你以前刻苦学习,你现在就会是高校生了；（ study）3他坚持说他没有做错什么事；（i

10、nsist）4. 她坚持要一个人去那儿；（insist）5. 我宁愿他明天不来开会；（rather）6. 老师要求全部同学按时交卷；（demand）7. 到了我们做作业的时候了；（time）8. Lily 提议我们每人唱一首歌；（propose）9. 我多么期望此刻没有下雨！（wish ）10. 假如他没有喝酒,他昨晚本可以把车开回家；（drink ）11. Lucy 本应当来了,但她仍没有露面；（turn ）12. 昨晚他确定是熬夜了；（stay ）13. 你本不必帮他打扫房间,他自己能做；（clean ）14. 我们本应当给你更多的帮忙；（ought）15. 这项工作他不行能完成得这么快；

11、（finish ）二 湖北高考完成句子1. 2022 Most believe he _ for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football. play 多数人认为,要不是受了重伤而辞别足坛,上周他本会为英格兰踢球的；2. 2022 Had we not used an out-of-date train schedule, we _ the train. miss 要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表,我们就不会误了火车；3.2022 If _ alcohol last night , I co

12、uld have driven my car home. drink 昨晚假如我没喝酒,我就可以把车开回家；4.2022 Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ at the meeting. discuss 约翰逊先生坚决要求,值得关注的那个问题要在会上争辩；5. 2022 It s said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _ because the ocean in between is too wide. do 据

13、说,他们从大陆游到了那个岛,但是他们不行能做到,由于两者之间的海洋太宽了；6. 2022 After circling around the earth for three days, Shenzhou Spaceship received the command from the ground that _ as scheduled the next day. land 神舟飞船绕地球三天后,它收到地面的指令次日按方案着陆；7. 2022 I feel so sick. I wish Mum _ to eat so much. force 我感到恶心；我期望妈妈没有逼我吃那么多；8.2022 He looks sleepy. He must _ last night, writing an essay. stay 他看起来很疲乏；他昨晚写论文确定熬夜了；9.2022 He believes that children _ at their own pace. allow 他信任孩子们应答应按