外文翻译-汽车防抱死系统设计

1、中南大学毕业设计英文译文 PAGE 30 - 中南大学 译 文 原文题目：Auutomobbile aanti-llock bbrakinng systeem dessign译文题目： 汽车防抱死死系统设计 学 院： 机电工工程学院 专业班级： 车辆10002 学生姓名： 董镇山 学 号： 080061007714 Automobbile aanti-llock bbrakinng sysstem(AABS)AbstracctThis arrticlee intrroduceed briiefly the aautomoobile anti-lock brakiing syystem(Anti

2、-lock Brakiing Syystem,is caalled ABS)tthe coontroll prinnciplee,the contrrol teechnollogy wwhich used in thhe preesent autommobilee antii-lockk brakking ssystemm has carriied onn the summaaym and hhas caarriedd on tthe foorecasst to its ttrend of deeveloppment.Key worrd:Auttomobiile annti-loock brr

3、akingg systtem coontroll techhnologgy1.outliineAlong wwith aautomoobile indusstryss rapiid devvelopmment aand hiighwayy uncceasinng connstrucction,autommobilee traveel seccurityy moree and more takess seriiouslyy for peoplle.To satissfy inn compprehennsivelly thee brakke proocess the aautomoobile to

4、 thhe braake reequestt,cause thhe braake brrakingg forcce asssignment to haasten reasoonablyy.The autommobilee antii-lockk brakking ssystemm(i.e.ABS)mmore aand moore haas appplied on thhe auttomobiile.ABSChhinesee trannslatees is agaiinst deeadloccks thhe braake syystem.It iis onee kindd has the ssk

5、id pprevenntion,againnst too deaddlock and sso on meritt autoo safeety coontroll systtems.AABS iss in tthe coonventtion bbrake systeem fouundatiion addvanceed verrsion technnologyy,sepaarablee mechhanicaal andd elecctroniic forrmula two kkinds.On the moderrn auttomobiile innstallls thee antii-lockk

6、brakking ssystemm masssivelyy,ABS both has tthe auutomobbile ssill tto chaange unnder tthe sttoppinng,guaaranteeed thhat auutomobbiless brakke yawwing sstabillity,pprevennted tto havve thee sidee-slippping and tto runn,was on thhe preesent autommobilee is mmost aadvancced,thhe braake efffect best ar

7、ressting gear.The orddinaryy brakking ssystemm appllies tthe brrake iin thee slipppery road surfaace,orr in emerggency brakee,becaause tthe whheel iis eassy thee brakking fforce to suurpasss the tire and tthe grround fricttion fforce hugs safelly diees.The auttomobiile annti-loock brrakingg systtem

8、iss refeers too the autommobilee in tthe brrake pprocesss to be abble thhe reaal-timme detterminnationn wheeels gglide rate,the aautomaatic ccontrool funnctionn on wwheels braaking momennt,preeventss the wheell to hhug diies.Thhus obbtainss the best brakee poteency tthe ellectroonic iinstalllatioon.

9、It cann wheeels gglide rate contrrol inn certtain sscope,use ffully betweeen thhe tirre andd the road surfaace addhesioon,redduces the sstoppiing diistancce efffectivvely,oobviouusly eenhancces whhen thhe carr brakking ccontroollabiility and sstabillity,wwhen eeach kkind oof traaffic acciddent wwhic

10、h has aavoideed thee wheeel huggs diees eassy to appeaar.Aloong wiith brrake iintenssityss incrrease,the wwheel rolliing inngrediient aare geettingg feweer andd feweer,butt skidds thee ingrrediennt to be geettingg moree and more,generrally expaiins inn the brakee proccess wwith gglide rate S to skid

11、 ingreedientt how many.The gglide rate is biigger,the gglide ingreedientt are less.And:uwheell centter sppeed;rr-doees nott havee timee the grounnd braaking forcee wheeel rollling radiuus;wwheells anngularr speeed.Longituudinall and the llateraal adhhesionn coeffficieent maay exppress for tthe whhee

12、l sslip rrate iis callled ccriticcal pooint oof fixxity SSK.Griips faast thhe pacce acccordinng too the contrrol thheory is smmallerr thann the SK reegion is caalled the sstablee brakke areea,whaa SK llater has ccustomm-madee unsttable movess the area.ABS iis preeciselly usees bettween the path and

13、ttiress relaationss,comppulsorry wheeel sllid paate coontroll nearrby crriticaal poiint off ficiity SKK,enabbles tthe tooad suurfacee adheesion propeerty tto bottain tthe fuullestt dispplay,tthus aachievves thhe besst braake efffect.Figure 1 coeeffiennt of adhession-gglide rate curvee At pressent uu

14、ses AABS maainly by a roundd fastt senssor,thhe eleectronnic coontroll unitt,appeendicees andd so oon preessuree conttrol vvalve and ggroup of liines,ppipeliine iss compposed.The AABS deeveloppment is maainly studiies thhe dessign ooptimiizatioon opeeratioon andd the contrrol prroceduure sooftwarre,

15、reaalizess the real-time presiise brrake aadjusttment technnologyy,simuultaneeouslyy raisses haardwarres llevel.2. Conrrtol ttechnoology used by ABBS nowwThe ABSS conttrol eeffectt is ddecideed conntrol technnologyy4whhich tto a ggreat extennt usees in the ssystemm.At ppresennt usees is mainlly thee

16、 logiical tthreshhold vvalue contrrol teechnollogy.TTo furrther enhannce ABBS thee perfformannce,buut alsso prooposedd somee baseed on the gglide tate contrrol teechnollogy,llike tthe PIID conntrol,the gglide modallity cchangee the srtuccture contrrols,ffuzzyccontrool andd so oon.Eacch kinnd of cont

17、rrol appproacches tthe exxpectaation by thhe diffferennt conntrol rule the sspot.2.1 PIID conntrolssThe deffinitiion exxpectss glidde ratte S0 and ddifferrence of thhe acttual gglide rate S forr e=S-S0,thhen thhe PIDD conttrol rrule mmay bee reprresentted ass:Therefoore,thhe ABSS conttrolleers ddesi

18、gnn sumss up ffinallly as,accorrding to thhe AB S dynnamic systeem,detterminned grroup oof besst araameterr Kp,KKi andd Kd,eenablee wheeels gglide ratee to aapproaach hyypotheesis ggoal SS0 by the qquickeest waay.2.2 Thee glidde moddalityy channges tthe sttructuure coontrollAgainstt holdds thee dead

19、d brakke by the aautomoobile basicc prinnciplee to bbe posssiblee to kknow,iits brrake pprocessss eessenttial qquestiion iss wheeels gglide tate contrrol inn coeffficieent off adheesion peak pointt SK,tthen tthe gllide mmodaliity chhangedd struucturee basiis sysstem ccondittion,tthe deeviatiion annd

20、 thee deriivativve vallue thhen,inn the diffeerent contrrolledd areaa,by pperfecct swiitch way hhand-ooff coontroll quanntitys sizze andd the mark,the gguaranntee ssystemm in tthe gllide rregionn veryy smalll scoope,thhe staate pooint llocus(S,*S)alongg moveed thee festtival curvee to sslide slipppe

21、ry tto thee conttrol oobjecttive(SSK,0).Usuallyy takees thee brakking mmomentt for contrrolledd variiable U,thee cut condiition is: And Mb-,Mb+ repreesent the bbrakinng momment wwhich decidded byy the goverrning systeem to reducce,to increease ttwo diiffereent coonditiions sseparaately. For thee cut

22、 functtion,ee=S-Skk is tthe acctual glidee ratee telaative targeet poiint deevivattion.2.3 Fuzzzy coontrollRegardiing taake thhe gliide taare ass conttrolleed memmberss antii-lockk brakking ssystemm,its inputt valuue takkes thhe exppecataation glidee ratee and wheell actuual gllide ttate ddeviattion

23、 EE as wwell aas devviatioons rrate oof chaange EEC,thee outpput foor thee brakke linne floowing tubinng heaad preessuree.Usess the belt modifficatiion faactor the ffuzzy contrrollerr,usess the contrrol liist suummaryy whicch thee fuzzzy reaasoninng alggorithhm forrms iss an aanalyssis foormulaa:And

24、 Alppha iss the modifficatiion faactor,Alphaa the valuee sizee has refleected direcctly tto thee deviiationn and the ddebiattion rate of chhange weighhting degreee.Thrrough the aadjusttment modifficatiion faactor Alphaa,may changge thee conttrol rrule.WWhen AAlpha is biig,inddicateed thaat is big tt

25、o devviatioons wweightting,tthe sttep reesponsse is quickk,the contrrol ennergy mainlly usees in reduccing tthe deeviatiion,buut eassy to preseent thhe oveer moddulatiion;Whhen Allpja iis smaall,thhe conntrol goal reducces thhe oveer moddulatiion,buut thee respponse proceess iss sloww.Usuaally uuses

26、 tthe beelt twwo Alppha vaalues the mmodifiicatioon facctor eexptesssionss to bbe ablle to requeest onn the satissfiabiility,namelly: u = X E + (1- )ECCAnd,moddificaation factoor 1,2 iin (0,1).2.4 Loggical thresshold valuee conttrolThis meethod estabblishees somme conntrol limitt advannce too certta

27、in ccontroolled variaable(tthreshhold)tthe vaalue,wwhen aappliees thee brakke,acccordinng to the ccomputtationn reall-timee paraameterr vallue annd thee corrresponnding thresshold valuees siize reelatioons,deetermiines wwheels staate off motiion,thhus thhe conntrol adjusstmentt brakke preessuree,gai

28、nns enoough bbig brrake iintenssity aand thhe goood yawwing sstabillity.OOften incluudes aas thee ABS contrrolledd variiable:Wheell skiddding rate S,thee wheeel rottates the aangle adds(reducces)thhe speeed Ommega aand thhe ratte of changge. aand soo on tthree kind of deescrimmtion wheell moveement

29、situaation or daanamiccs connditioon parrameteer.Beccause only uses a conntrollled vaariablle diffficullty wiith too guarranteee thatt ABS has tthe goood peerformmance underr eachh kindd of ttravell condditionn,therreforee,the logiccal thhreshoold vaalue ccontrool metthod rrotatees at preseent thhe

30、wheeel thhe anggle addds(reeduce)the sspeed to taake thhe priimary contrrol paarameteer,butt takees wheeel ss glidde tatte S tthe seecondaary coontroll parameteer.Andd the glidee ratee is ffrom eeach wwheel fast signaal aftter ceertainn logiic detterminned auutomobbiless veloocity,calcuulatess the r

31、eferrence glidee ratee,has the ddifferrence with the aactuall glidde ratte.2.5 Douuble pparameeter ccontroolDouble parammeter contrrols ABS,bby thee vehiicle sspeed sensoor(vellocityy radaar),a roundd fastt senssor,thhe conntrol devicce(commputerr)and the iimplemmentinng ageency iis commposedd.Its p

32、riinciplle of work is thhe vehhicle speedd senssor annd a rround fast sensoor,sepparateely siingal inputt the vehiccle sppeed aand roound ffast tthe coomputeer,callculattes thhe acttual sslippiing raate baased oon thee compputer,and 115% onne 20% ?dosee withh the ideall slippping tate compaares,fflu

33、ctuuates brakees brrakingg forcce agaain thhroughh the solennoid vvalve.This kind tows the ffast ssensorr commmonly used Doppller veelocitty raddar.Whhen thhe auttomobiile gooes thhe Dopppler radarr anteenna bby cerrtain frequuency to thhe earrth laaunchiing ellectroomagneetic wwave,ssimulttaneouusl

34、y rreceivves thhe eleectrommagnettic waave whhich uunceassinglyy refllects,surveeys thhe auttomobiile raadar llanch and tthe reeceivee diffferenttial vvalue,then may ccalcullate tthe auutomobbile vvehiclle speeed acccurattely.BBut tuurns tthe faast seensor to innstalll in tthe trransmiissionn gearrb

35、ox oouter coverring,aacuatees by the ttransmmissioon geaarbox outpuut shaaft,itt is a pullse ellectriical mmachinnery,pprocucces frrequenncy annd rouund inntensiive diirect propoortionn.The impieementiing aggency and sso on is coomposeed of the ssolenooid vaalve aand thhe rellay.Soolenoiid vallve ad

36、djustmment bbrakinng forrve,wiith thhe aimm of mmaintaainingg the ideall slippping rate.This kind of ABBS mayy guarranteee thatt the slippping rrate iideal contrrol,aggainstt holdds thee brakking qqualitty to be goood,buut beccause increeased a vellocityy radaar,theere thhe strructurre is compllex,t

37、hhe cosst is also high.2.6 Sinngle pparameeter ccontroolIt takee conttrols wheells anngle ttetardded veelocitty as the oobjectt,conttrols wheells brrakingg forcce,reaalizess agaiinst hholds the ddead bbrake,its sstructture mmainlyy by aa rounnd fasst sennsor,tthe coontrolller(ccomputter)annd thee so

38、leenoid valvee is ccompossed.Foor acccuratee meteer wheeel faast,thhe sennsing and bbetweeen thee wheeel toooth riing shhould leavee leewway thhe 1mmm gap.In orrder tto avooid thhe watter,thhe puttty,thhe dusst to the ssensorr inflluencee,befoore thhe insstallmment,sshouldd the sensoor repplenisshme

39、ntt buttter.Thhe sollenoidd valvve usees in wheell brakkes ppressuure coontroll.Regaardingg fourr channnel bbrakinng sysstem,aa vehiicle rrim haas a ssolenooid vaalve;TThree channnel brrakingg systtem,eaach frront wwheel has oone,twwo twoo traiiling wheells usee in ccommonn one.The ssolenooid vaalve

40、 hhas thhree hhydrauulic ppressuure hooles,sseparaately appliies thhe braake wiith thhe braake maaster cylinnder aand thhe wheeel too diviide thhe cyllinderr to bbe connnecteed thee brakke witth thee brakke masster ccylindder annd thee wheeel to dividde thee cyliinder to bee connnectedd,and can rrea

41、lizze preessuree liftting,ppressuure maaintennance,the ppressuure drrop acccent to prress tthe fuunctioon.Thee prinnciplee of wwork iis as folloows:1)Presssure-rrise wwhen tthe soolenoiid vallve dooes noot worrk,thee brakke masster ccylindder coonnecttion aand apppliess the brakee to ddividee the cy

42、linnder cconnecction respeectiveely too go nnonstoop.Beccause the mmain sspringg inteensityy is bbig,maakes cchargiing vaalve oopenniing,thhe braake prressurre to increease.2)presssure mmainteenancee,whenn wheeels bbrake dividdes inn cyliinders preessuree growws to certaain vaalue,cchargiing vaalve

43、ccut-offf cloosure.The ssupporrt maiintainns at the ccompouund sttate,tthree panells seaal,maiintainn the brakee presssuress mutuually.3)voltaage drroppinng,wheen thee soleenoid valvee workks,thee suppport oovercoomes ttwo spprings tennsion,openss the dischharge meat to caause tto appply thhe braake

44、 too diviide cyylindeer preesure drop.Once the ppressuure reeducess,the solennoid vvalve transfoormes to thhe preessuree mainntenannce coonditiion,orr presssure-rise readyy condditionn.The conntrol devicce ECUU primmary mmissioon is the ssignall whicch passses oon varrious wheells seensor carriies o

45、nn the compuutatioon,thee anallysis,the eenlarggementt and the ddistinntion,outpuuts aggain ffrom tthc ouutput stagcc thc commaand siignal thc ssolcnooid vaalvc,ccarriccs outt thc brac presssure aadjusttment task.The eelectrronic contrrol,byy fourr majoor parrt is compoosed,iinput levell A,coonteoll

46、ler BB,outpput sttage CC,consstant voltaage annd prootectiive deevice D.Eleectronnic coontrolller bby 41001tz ffrequeency aactuattion ssolenooid vaalves,this is thhe pollot iss unabble too achiieve.TThis kkind oof sinngle pparameeter ccontrool modde ABSS,becaause tthe sttructuure iss simpple,thhe co

47、sst is low,ttherefforce the ppresennt usee is bbroad.Mostly has pprovidded thhis kiind off singgle paarametter coontroll modee ABS in thhe Ameericann Chryysler custoom carr.Tt iis loaaded wwith aa rounnd fasst sennsor oon passsengeer vehhicles fouur wheeels.TThe innstalllment has 445 teeeth orr 100

48、toothhs toooth rrings on thhe axlle treee,turrns a fast sensoors ssendinng atttite tto go againnst inn the toothh ringg.Whenn the wheell totaates,ccausess the sensoor to produuce thhe volltage siglaae uncceasinngly,aand innput tthe coomputeer,thee ideaal speeed coomparees witth RooM,figgures out wwh

49、eels speeed-upp or tthe deecelerration,issuees preessuree-risee or tthe reeleasee of ppressuure innstrucction to thhe sollenoidd valvve,conntrolss appllies tthe brrake tto divvide tthe cyylindeer braaking forcee.3.The pprobleems byy usedd the ABS ssystemm(1)repllaces the bbrake or thhe repplacemment

50、 hhydrauulic ppressuure brrakingg systtem paart,shhould arrannge onnly inn brakke linne aiir,in orderr to aavoid influuence brakiing syystems norrmal wwork.(2)is lloadedd withh the ABS aautomoobile,everyy yearr shouuld reeplacee a brrake ffluid.Otherrwise,the bbrake fluidd wateer abssorbabbilityy is

51、 vvery sstrongg,afteer thee wateery,noot onlly willl redduce tthe booilingg poinnt willl havve thee corrrosionn, willl alsso creatte thee brakke pottency decliine.3)inspeects the ABS aanti-llock brakiing syystem to crramp oout thhe powwer soource frrstt.4.Trendd of ddeveloopmenttUses thhe loggical t

52、hresshold valuee conttrol aalgoriithm mmay avvoid aa seriies off numeerous and ddiversse theeoretiical aanalyssis annd to some elemeent off certtaintyy quotta meaasuremment. Simpllifiedd conttrolleers desiggn becauuse moreoover on1y need deterrmine wheells angullar speedd is advanntageoous reealizee

53、s thereefore the lload ccost iis loww. Thiis alggor hm allreadyy dreww closse matturelyy for curreent auutomobbile AABS syystem univeersal usebuut it by noo meanns besst conntrol algorrithm. Becaause uunder the ddifferrent sstate of rooads eeach kkind oof thrresholld vallue annd guaaranteees prresse

54、ss the time is thhe emppiricaal vallue whhich oobtainns aftter thhe reppeatedd testt does not hhave tthe veery exxpliciit theeory bbasistthereffore tthe ABBS devvelopmmentss cyclle is longaand thhe conntrol qualiity guuarantteed wwith ddifficculty.Easy too reallize tthe stteplesss conntrol basedd on

55、 tthe gllide rrate ccontrool alggorithhmand has tthe veery exxpliciit theeory tto insstructtbut ppresennt resstrictts thee costt quesstion whichh its devellopmennt thee botttlenecck is mainlly reaalizess belieeved aaccordding tto ourrs ressearchh om nnow onn ABS contrrol allgoritthm deeveloppment di

56、recction in thhe folllowinng sevveral aspeccts.(1) aimms at curreent wiidely uses the llogicaal thrresholld vallue coontroll algoorithmm whicch exiists tthe reesearcch cann tracck thee roadd surfface ccharaccterisstic cchangeecausees thee ABS each perfoormancceindex tto be at the ooptimuum connditio

57、on thrroughoout thhe conntrol algorrithm. And the ppredicctive contrrol technnologyy is worthh takinng serioously. Becaause wwhen the bbrake proceess ictioon chaaracteeristiic bettween the ttire aand thhe roaad surrface causees thee antii-lockk brakking ssystemm has the vvery oobviouus missalignnmen

58、ttthe deenaturrationn and tthe unncertaainty. Therreforee diffiicultyy withh estaablishhes itts preecise matheematiccal moodelbuut thee preddictivve conntrol has tthe baasic ccharaccterisstic wwhich the fforecaast moodel the undlee optiimize and ffeed bback aadjustt may aact acccordiing too somee op

59、tiimizedd targget deesign contrrol syystemddetermmined that a conntrol quanttity tthe tiime seeriesaafter causiing inn periiod off timee to mmove tthe quuantitty andd the proceess will softeen betweeen thhe expecctatioon patths eeor tto be smalllest iin thee futuure. WWhat bbecausse thiis alggorithh

60、m usees is the onlinne truundle optimmizes unceaasinglly andd unceeasinggly caarriess on tthe feeedbacck in the ooptimaal proocess throuugh thhe acttual ssystemm outpput annd thee foreecast modell outpputs eor to addjust can tthereffore oovercoome too a ceertainn exteent ass a reesult of thhe forrec