议论类文章阅读高（初）-英语语法

英语议论类文章阅读团高（初）知识定位目前中考英语议论文是ー种很常见的考试形式,通过摆事实,讲道理,运用逻辑推理来表明作者对某ー问题的观点和态度，阐发对某ー现象的见解和主见。主要考察学生对主旨大意,事实细节,词义猜测和逻辑推理的能力。知识梳理.主旨大意型做这类题，要找准主题句。每段的主题句（常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析）一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。然后根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。1）干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。2）干扰项可能属从文中某些（不完全的）事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。3）干扰项可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。请看以下文章:Inthe1930s>alotofpeopleintheUSAwereoutofwork.AmongthesepeoplewasamannamedAlfredButts.Healwayshadaninterestinwordgamesandtofillhistimeheplannedagamewhichhecalled//Lexico,/.However,hewasnotcompletelysatisfiedwiththegame,sohemadeanumberofchangestoitandchangeditsnamefrom“Lexico"to"Alph"andthento“CrissCross”.Hewantedtomakesomemoneyfromhisnewgamebuthedidn'thaveanyrealcommercial（商业性的）success。Q：Thetextismainlyabout〇A.LexicoB.ThreemenC.AwordgameD.AlfredButts很显然这道题最佳答案应该是D,因为文章的每一句话都展的是AlfredButts所做的事情。而A和C都有些以偏概全。.事实细节型解题原则:忠于原文,联系上下文,理清全篇的逻辑关系,决不能主观臆断。有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行回问,所国问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。所以一定要将题干所涉及信息在原文中找到,找出最贴近原话的选项。.词义猜测型同义法常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or,它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的,由此可以推测。反义法如hotandcold,giveandreceive等，或前句为肯定,后句为否定。总之,词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。释义法对文章中的生词用定语（从句）、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。情景推断法、代词替代法等例如:MostwomeninGhana-theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandoldworktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers〇Q：Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“illiterate"?A.repeatB.reiteratedC.uneducatedD.sick在本题中,即使我们不认识illiterate这个词,urban和rural也不认识,但没关系,大家一定认识youngandold,那么我们就可以推测educated和illiterate一定也是ー对反义词或对应词,所以不难判断出答案为Co其中educated受过教育的,那自然illiterate便是没有受过教育的;.推理判断型透过现象看本质,领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。以原文内容为前回,据作者的观点理论（非考生观点）,客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断,做出一定解释。做题要领:既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点。例题精讲【试题来源】【题目】Likemanypeople,Ihavenoclearideaaboutheroes.Atsomepoint,weallwonderifweneedaheroandwhataheroreallyis.Althoughtherearealotofdifferencesincultures,heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristics（特点）whichgiveuscourageandmakeuswanttolearnfromthem.Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasaspecialstorytotellandpeoplethinkhighlyofit.Butaheroisnotjustthepersonwithgreatfame（声誉）.Aherohaspowers（力量）largerthanhimself.Somepeoplewanttolivelikeahero,andtheyhavetoexperiencelifewithnewandfurthermeaning.Asuretestforwould-beheroesiswhatorwhomtheyserve.Whatdotheywanttoliveanddiefor?Iftheanswersuggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame,theymaybefamouspersonsbutnotheroes.Aherohasavisionfromthemountaintop.Hehasthepowertomovepeople.Hecreatesnewpossibilities.WithoutGandhi,IndiamightstillbepartofBritain.WithoutMartinLutherKing,Jr.,Americansmighttakedifferentbuses,eatindifferentrestaurants,goforwalksindifferentparks,andshopindifferentstoresbecauseofthedifferentcoloursoftheirskin.Theremightbechangesinsocietywithoutahero,butthespeedofchangewouldberatherslow.Thankstoheroesinhistory,theymakethesocietydevelopsorapidly.【选项】Accordingtothispassage,aheroisapersonwhoalways,givesuscouragethinkshighlyofotherssharesgreatfamestandsonthemountaintop3Ifyouwanttolivelikeahero,youshould.experienceanewandmeaningfullifelistentosomethingworthtalkingaboutserveyourownfameandtrytobefamousknowwhereandhowyouwanttoliveanddieTheunderlinedword“vision"inthepassagemeans〃A.风景B.想象C.远见D.形象BlackpeopleinAmericausedtobeforeMartinLutherKing,Jr..shopatthewhite'sstoresdrivebuseswiththewhitetakewalksinthewhite'sparkseatinrestaurantswithoutthewhiteWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Wedon'tneedheroesanymoreatsomepointnow.Heroesareallthesamethoughdifferentincultures.Peoplegetpowerfromheroestomovetoanewplace.Oursocietyhasdevelopedfasterbecauseofheroesinhistory.【答案】AACDD【解析】本文主要介绍了人们心目中英雄的形象,以及英雄应该具备的主要特征,最后点名了英雄对整个社会的作用。A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristics（特点）whichgiveuscourageandmakeuswanttolearnfromthem.可推断答案为AoA细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Aherohaspowers（力量）largerthanhimself.Somepeoplewanttolivelikeahero,andtheyhavetoexperiencelifewithnewandfurthermeaning.可推断答案为AoC词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句Aherohasavisionfromthemountaintop.的句义"英雄通常都很有远见”。可推断答案为CoD细节理解题。根据第四段第三句WithoutMartinLutherKing,Jr.,Americansmighttakedifferentbuses,eatindifferentrestaurants,goforwalksindifferentparks,andshopindifferentstoresbecauseofthedifferentcoloursoftheirskin.可推断答案为DD细节理解题。根据第五段大意可得知答案为Do第五段大意为〃没有英雄,社会也许也会发生变化,但速度绝对不会这么快。幸亏在历史上有英雄的存在,社会オ会进步的如此之快〃。【知识点】议论类文章阅读团高（初）【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】AnewTVseriesinEngland,Awayfromitall,hassurprisedeveryonebybecomingahugesuccesswithyoungpeopleacrossthecountry.Itssuccessissurprisingbecausetheseriesisabouttherelaxinglifestylesofpeoplewholiveinthecountry.Thereisnoneoftheactionthatwe4usuallyseeonTVtoday.Therearealsonostressfulmoments,busyofficesorcrowdedcities.AwayfromitallissetinthepeacefulEnglishcountrysideandtellssimplestoriesaboutpeople'skindness.ThedirectoroftheTVseriessaysthatitssuccessisasignofteenagerssufferingfromstress.TheysaythatwatchingAwayfromitallhelpsteenagersforgetaboutthepressures（压カ）ofexamsandhomework,andthetroublesthatfilltheworldtoday.Theyalsosaythatit'sagoodsignoftoday/syoungpeopleswitchingto（转至リ）happierTVseriesasitshowstheywouldlikeahappierandhealthierworld.Althoughtheseries'successmighthaveagoodside,manyteachersandparentsareworried,however.Theysaythatsomeoftheirstudentsandchildrenarebecomingcouchpotatoes（终日泡在电视机前的人）andareusingAwayfromitallasanexcusefornotcompletinghomework.Somechildrenhaveevenrefusedtolearnforexamsbecausetheysaythattheycanonlyachievepersonalhappinessbyavoiding（避免）stressfulsituationscompletely.Andwhatdotheexperts（专家）say?PaulaRay,adoctorofeducation,saysthatTVcaninfluencechildren'slifestyles.Butshesaysthatifachildreactsstrongly,it'slikelythatthereareotherreasonsforhischangeinbehaviour.ShesaysthatthereisnothingwrongwithwatchingAwayfromitallbutsuggeststhatparentsshouldmakesuretheirchildrenknowTVisnotthesameasreallife.【选项】ThesuccessofthenewTVseriesissurprisingbecause.A.itisdifferentfromothersuccessfulTVseriesB.itisthesameasothersuccessfulTVseriesC.itisabouttheEnglishcountrysideD.itisaboutlifeinbusyofficesThedirectorofAwayfromitallbelievesthattheserieshelpsyoungpeopledealwith.A.simplestoriesB.stressC.couchpotatoesD.examsThesuccessoftheseriesshowsthatyoungpeoplewouldlike.A.aworldwithnohomeworkB.EnglishTVseriesC.relaxingjobsD.ahappierandhealthierworldWhoareworriedabouttheeffectsoftheseries?A.Expertsandteenagers.B.Teachersandexperts.C.Teachersandparents.D.Youngpeopleandparents.【答案】ABDC【解析】电视剧Awayfromitall的巨大成功在于教会孩子学会放松,减压。同时要引导孩子电视和真实的生活毕竟不同,要树立适应自己的生活学习,适应社会的方式。.A细节理解题。由第一段可知。Itssuccessissurprisingbecausetheseriesisabouttherelaxinglifestylesofpeoplewholiveinthecountry.ThereisnoneoftheactionthatweusuallyseeonTVtoday..B.细节理解题。由第二段ThedirectoroftheTVseriessaysthatitssuccessisasignofteenagerssufferingfromstress.TheysaythatwatchingAwayfromitallhelpsteenagersforgetaboutthepressures（压カ）ofexamsandhomework,andthetroublesthatfilltheworldtoday.Theyalsosaythatitsagood可知导演旨在通过连续剧帮助孩子们减压,使孩子们放松。.D细节理解题。由第二段Theyalsosaythatitsagoodsignoftoday'syoungpeopleswitchingto（转至リ）happierTVseriesasitshowstheywouldlikeahappierandhealthierworld.有孩子们喜5欢这部连续剧表明孩子们需要一个快乐健康的生活世界。.C.细节理解题。由第三段电视剧的成功也给老师和家长带来了担忧。Althoughtheseries'successmighthaveagoodside,manyteachersandparentsareworriedI担心核ナ们以此为借口终日看电视,不完成学业。【知识点】议论类文章阅读回高（初）【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】4习题演练【试题来源】【题目】Recentlyaspecialist（专家）inteenagerstudiesdoessomeresearchonteenageproblems.Hethinksparentsshouldn'tbeblamedofthemselvesbecausethereisnothingtheycandotodealwiththeteenageproblem.Whatevertheydo,sometimesawonderful,kindandhelpfulchildwillturnintoaterribleanimal.I'veseenfriendsdealwithitinallkindsofdifferentways.Onestrictmotherinsistedthatherson,shouldstandup,opendoorsandshakehandslikeagentlemanwheneveranyoneenteredtheroom.IsawhimlastweekwhenIvisitedthem.Lyingonthesofa,hemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedin.Hismotherwasangry."Idon'tknowwhattodowithhimthesedays,"shesaid."He'sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim."Hehasn/tforgottenthem.He'sjustdecidedthathe'snotgoingtousethem.Shesaidthatshewouldliketothrowhimdownfromthesofaontothefloor.Anothergoodfriendofminelethertwodaughtersclimballoverthefurniture,reachacrossthetable,stareatmeandsay,u\don'tlikeyourdress,it'sugly."Oneofthedaughtershasrecentlybeendrivenoutofschool.Theotherhaslefthome.“Wheredidwegowrong?"Herparentsarenowverysad.Probablynothingiswrongwiththeparents.【选项】小题l:Thistextismostprobablywrittenby.Aspecialistinteenagerstudiesaheadmasterofamiddleschoolaparentwithteenagechildrenadoctorformentalhealehproblems题2:Thisunderlinedword"it"inthesecondparagraphrefersto.thechangeofthechildrenfromgoodtobadthewaythatparentsoftenblamethemselvestheopinionthatachildhasofhisparentstheadvicethatparentswanttheirchildrentofollow小题3:Theboyonthesofawouldmostprobablybedescribedas.A.lazyB.quietC.unusualD.rude小题4:Whatistheauthorsopinionaboutthesuddenchangeinteenagechildren?Parentshavenochoicebuttotrytoacceptit.Parentsshouldpaymoreattentiontothechange.Parentsshouldworkmorecloselywithschoolteachers.Parentsareafaultforthechangeintheirchildren.【答案】AADA【解析】这篇短文讲述一位青少年研究学专家解释ー些青少年出现的常见问题。这位专家表明,很多孩子并不是不懂礼貌、不懂事理,只不过他们不愿意去那样做。并且孩子出现的问题并不是父母的错,也不是父母所能选择的。6小题1:推理判断题。根据文章开头第一句Recentlyaspecialist（专家）inteenagerstudiesdoessomeresearchonteenageproblems.“最近译为青少年研究专家做了一些有关青少年问题的调查。〃后文团到的都是有关青少年的ー些问题,可以推断本文应该是青少年研究专家所写。故选Ao小题2:细节理解题。it上文回到的是ー些青少年问题,因此it指代的是teenageproblemo故选Ao小题3:推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四行しyingonthesofa,hemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedin."他躺在沙发上看电视,当我进来时也并不打算关掉他正在看的吵闹的电视。”以及后文这个孩子妈妈说的话He?sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim."他将我教他的礼貌都忘了。”可知这个男孩的行为是粗鲁的,故选Do小题4:推理判断题。文章最后一句Probablynothingiswrongwiththeparents."很可能并不是我们父母的问题。”表明了作者的态度,孩子出现的问题并不是父母的错,不是我们所能选择的。故选Ao【知识点】议论类文章阅读回高（初）【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】"Chinesestyleroadcrossing"isahottopicinChina.Manycitieshavestartedtopunishthesejaywalkers."Chinesestyleroadcrossing"meansthatyoucrossroadswithlotsofpeopleandyoudon'tthinkabouttrafficlightsatall.Beijinggovernmentannouncedthatpeoplewhodonotwaitforthegreenlighttocrosstheroadwillreceiveafineof10yuan.What'smore,usingthediagonaltocrosstheroadisalsoagainsttherules.Walkersshouldwalkinan"L"shape.BesidesBeijing,manyplaceshavealsotakenstepstostop"Chinesestyleroadcrossing".ProvincessuchasSichuan,ShanxiandZhejianghavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers5to50yuansincelastyear.Thispunishmentcancallonpeopletorealizetheimportanceoftrafficsafety.However,manypeoplecomplainthattheredlightslasttoolong.HEveryoneshouldfollowtherules,orthecountrywillloseitsorder,"saidPeopleDaily.Somecitieshavealsopaidattentiontotheproblem.Forexample,Beijinggovernmentsaiditshouldnotonlypunishthesejaywalkers,butalsoimproveroadsafetyfacilities,suchasproperlyfixingtrafficlightsandbuildingoverpasses*.Anyhowsafetymustcomefirst.【选项】、题l:Howmanyplaceshavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers?A.3B.4C.5D.6小题2:Manypeoplecomplainthatthelasttoolong.greenlightsB.yellowlightsC.redlightsD.trafficlights小题3:WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Beijinghastakenstepstostop"Chinesestyleroadcrossing".Walkersshouldusethediagonaltocrosstheroad.Zhejianghasn'tstartedtofinejaywalkersyet,InBeijingjaywalkerswillreceiveafineof50yuan.7小题4:What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThetrafficlightsB.SafetycomesfirstC.An"LnshapeD.Trafficrules【答案】BCAB【解析】这篇短文讲述在中国有很多不遵守交通规则的人,在过马路时不看交通灯。现在已经有地方采取政策,对于这样的人进行惩罚。小题1:细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句话Beijinggovernmentannouncedthatpeoplewhodonotwaitforthegreenlighttocrosstheroadwillreceiveafineof10yuan.“北乐政府宣城不等绿灯就穿马路的人要处以10元罚款。”以及第五行ProvincessuchasSichuan,ShanxiandZhejianghavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers5to50yuansincelastyear.“像四川、山西和浙江这些省份自从去年起就开始对于不收交规的人处以5到50元罚款。”可知是四个地方,故选Bo小题2:细节理解题.根据文章第三段倒数第二行However,manypeoplecomplainthattheredlightslasttoolong.“然而许多人抱怨红灯持续时间过长。"可知,故选C。小题3:细节理解题。根据文章第三段第四行BesidesBeijing,manyplaceshavealsotakenstepstostop"Chinesestyleroadcrossing".可知A正确;根据第三段第二行Whatsmore,usingthediagonaltocrosstheroadisalsoagainsttherules.可知B错误;根据第三段第五行ProvincessuchasSichuan,ShanxiandZhejianghavealreadystartedtofinejaywalkers5to50yuansincelastyear.可知C错误;根据第三段第一句话Beijinggovernmentannouncedthatpeoplewhodonotwaitforthegreenlighttocrosstheroadwillreceiveafineof10yuan.可知D错误。故选Ao小题4:标题归纳题。本篇阅读主要讲述中国一些人不遵守交通规则的现象,许多地方已经采取措施进行治理。作者并在文章最后表示安全第一,故选Bo【知识点】议论类文章阅读国高（初）【适用场合】当堂练习题【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Mobilephones（手机）havebecomeaproblemformiddleschools.SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavestoppedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours.Themobilephoneuseamongchildrenhasbecomeaproblemfortheschoolthisyear.SeveralchildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasgifts,andmorestudentswillwantthem.Mary,ateacher,saidthemobilephoneuseisadistractiontostudentsduringschoolhoursanditalsogivesteacherssomuchtroubleintheirclassrooms.Teachersalsosaidthatsometimesstudentsmightusephonemessagestocopyduringexams.Shesaidsomeschoolstriedtostopmobilephones.Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn'tgetintouchwiththeirchildren.Manyteacherssaidstudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool,butiftherewasagoodreason,theycouldleavetheirphonesattheschooloffice.Theyalsosaidthereweremanyreasonswhythestudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool,theywereeasytoloseandwereadistractionforstudies.Manypeoplesaythattheyunderstandwhyparentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavephones,buttheythinkschoolsshouldletthestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirmobilephones.【选项】小题l:SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavestoppedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephones.A.becausetheyarestudentsB.whentheyarefreeC.whentheyareatschoolD.becausetheyarechildren小题2:WeknowfromthepassagethatsomechildrengetmobilephonesfromA.themakersandsellersB.theteachersC.theirparentsandfriendsD.somemobilephoneusers小题3:Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthepassage?A.鼓舞B,分心C.奖励D,核对84、题4:Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn't duringschoolhours.usetheirmobilephonesleavetheirmobilephonesattheschoolofficehelptheteacherswiththeirworkgetintouchwiththeirchildren小题5:Thepassagemainlytellsusthat_studentsshouldn'thavemobilephonesatschoolexcept（除...タト）somespecialreasonsitisimpossibletostopstudentsfromusingmobilephonesatschoolsomeparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn'tusetheirphonesatschoolparentsshouldteachchildrenhowtousemobilephonesduringschoolhours【答案】CCBDA【解析】本文主要讲中学生在学校使用手机已经成为一个问题。学校教师认为在学校用手机会影响学习。但是家长却认为学生带着手机可以方便联系。许多人理解家长希望学生带手机去学校的原因,认为学校应该岁学生使用手机的时间做出规定。小题1:细节理解题。根据第一段第二行SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavestoppedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours."澳大利亚许多学校已经禁止学生在上课期间带手机。"可知学校不允许学生在学校期间带手机。故选Co小题2:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句SeveralchildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasgifts,andmorestudentswillwantthem."ー些学生在圣诞节时候得到的礼物是手机,更多的学生希望能够得到手机。"可知在圣诞节时家长和朋友送他们手机作为圣诞礼物。故选Co小题3:词义猜测题。联系上下文,由第二段第二行italsogivesteacherssomuchtroubleintheirclassrooms会给教师在上课时带来许多麻烦可知该词意思应为对课堂教学及学生学习不利的。故选B小题4:细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn'tgetintouchwiththeirchildren."许多家长因不能及时联系到他们的孩子而不高兴。”可知他们不高兴的原因是不能及时的联系到他们的孩子。故选Do小题5:主旨大意题。本文主要讲述内容为学生除特殊情况,否则在学校时不应带手机。故选Ao【知识点】议论类文章阅读团高（初）【适用场合】随堂课后练习【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】Momstakecareoftheirchildrenlifeanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules.Thesearetherolesmomsanddadsfallintowhentheybecomeparentsandit'scommonamongallcultures.Buttimeschangeandparents'rolesseemtobechanging,too.Morewomenarebringinghomefoodbyhavingfull-timejobsandmenaretakingcareoftheirchildrenathome.ChineseTVshowWhereAreWeGoing,Dad?providesacloserlookatthechangingrolesofdadsinmodernfamilylife.Theshowfollowstheadventures（冒险经历）offivecelebrity（明星）dadswhotaketripswiththeiryoungchildren（aged4to6）andtrytocompleteasetoftasks.Itshowshowyoungdadsaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.Youngdadsnolongerwanttobecold.Psychologists（心理学家）saythatastrongfatherlyinfluenceisimportantinachild'sdevelopment.Fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings.Theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety.Achildlearnsthatifsomethinggoeswrong,heorshecandependondadtohelpfixit.Thepsychologistsalsosaythatwithoutadad,achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.Amother'sloveisimportant,andsoisafather'slove.ChenMo,apsychologyprofessorsays,“Ittakesbothparentstoraiseachild.Childrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentagesandthisneedstobeconsideredbybothparents."9［选项］小题1:Whatarethecommonrolesofmomsanddadsinallcultures?Momstakecareoftheirchildrenanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules.Momsbringhomefoodbyhavingfull-timejobsanddadstakecareoftheirchildrenathome.Bothparentstakecareoftheirchildrenathome.Bothparentsgoouttowork,whilegrandparentstakecareoftheirchildrenathome.小题2:Whataretheyoungdadstryingtodointheshow?Theyaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.Theyaretryingtocompleteasetoftaskswiththeirkids.Theyarealsotryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.Theyaretryingtomakemoremoney.Theyaretryingtobecoldtotheirkids.小题3:Whyisastrongfatherlyinfluenceimportantinachild'sdevelopment?Fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings.Theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety.Ifsomethinggoeswrong,achildcandependondadtohelpfixit.Withadad,achildcandobetterinschoolwork.Withoutadad,achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.《、题4:Whatisachildmorepossibletodowithoutadad?StayoutlateGetintotroubleanddobadlyinschoolwork.Dropoutofschool.Dropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.＜］、题5:Whydoesittakebothparentstoraiseachild?Achildfeelssaferwithbothparents.Achildfeelshappierwithbothparents.Bothparentsneedtoconsiderthatchildrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentages.Itisboththefather/sandthemother'sdutytoraiseachild.【答案】ABADC【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了以前妈妈照顾孩子爸爸挣钱养家并制定家规的普遍现象随着时代的发展在有所变化。心理学家说,母爱是重要的,父爱也是非常重要的。孩子在不同年龄的有不同的需求,需要父母两个人去思考。小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第一段Momstakecareoftheirchildrenlifeanddadsbringhomefoodandmakethefamilyrules.Thesearetherolesmomsanddadsfallintowhentheybecomeparentsandit'scommonamongallcultures.蒜述,可知妈妈照顾孩子爸爸给家庭带来食物并制定家规,这ー现象在所有文化中都是普遍的。故选A小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段...andtrytocompleteasetoftasks.Itshowshowyoungdads1oaretryinghardtofindthebestwaytoraisetheirchildrenandkeepacloserrelationshipwiththem.駐,可知在节目中爸爸们所尽力做的事情。故选Bo小题3:细节理解题。根据第三段心理学家的话Fathersteachtheirchildrenskillsandencouragethemtotrynewthings.Theyalsogivethemasenseofsafety.»故选A。小题4:细节理解题。根据第三段Thepsychologistsalsosaythatwithoutadad,achildismorepossibletodropoutofschoolandgetintotrouble.»故选Do小题5:归纳理解题。根据第四段心理学家的话“Ittakesbothparentstoraiseachild.Childrenhavedifferentneedsatdifferentagesandthisneedstobeconsideredbybothparents,”可知因为孩子在不同的年龄有不同的需要,这需要父母两个人去思考。所以需要父母共同抚养孩子。故选Co【知识点】议论类文章阅读国高（初）【适用场合】课后两周练习【难度系数】3【试题来源】【题目】Muchhasbeensaidandwrittenaboutheroesnow,mainlybecausemanypeoplethinkwehavetoofewofthem.Therearemanydifferentkindsofheroes,buttheyusuallyseemtohavetwothings.First,heroesshowtheirgreatpowerbyactions.Second,heroescanbetestedbythetime.Becauseofthesegoodpoints,weneedtochooseourheroescarefully.OlympicwinnerJackieJoyner-Kerseetellsyoungpeopletoworkhard.Shehopesthatifsomeonetriestocopyher,itwillbebecauseshehasgotsuccessbyworkinghard.Shesaysthataheroshouldaffectanotherperson'slife.PoetMayaAngeloubelievesthataheroencouragespeopletotreatotherswell.Aheroshouldshowpoliteness,courage,patience,andstrengthallthetime.Aheroshouldencourageotherstofollowhimwithactions,eventhoughonlyinsmallways.AuthorDanielBoorstinsuggeststhat,''Celebritiesarepeoplewhoappearonnewspapers,butheroesarepeoplewhomakehistory,"Ifapersonistrulyahero,heorshewillnotbesoonforgotten.Weallneedheroes.Weneedtobeabletorespect（尊重）peoplearoundus.Manytimes,thegreatestheroesarethepeoplewecanseeeveryday-ourrelatives,friends,andneighbours一whowillnevergiveupwhenfacingdifficulty.Theparentwhosupportsourfamily,theteacherwhowillmakemoremoneyatanotherjobbutchoosestohelpstudents—allthesepeoplecanbeconsideredasheroes.Aherosetsagoodexample,anexamplethatencouragesotherstofollow.【选项】小题Uoyner-Kerseehopesthatyoungpeople.A.willworkhardB.willbecomeheroesC.willfollowherD.willachievehergoal小题2:Theunderlinedword"celebrities"inParagraph4means.A.志愿者B.记者C.政客D,名人小题3:Fromthepassageweknowthat.therearefewerheroesthanbeforemanycommonpeoplesetexamplestousheroesshouldbepolite,patientandfamousheroeshavetodosomegreatthingsイ、题4:Thebesttitleforthispassageis.A.WhatHeroesDoB.WhoAreHeroes11C.HowHeroesLiveD.WhereHeroesare【答案】ADBB【解析】这篇短文主要讲述了英雄这个话题。英雄可以给人带来鼓励,但人们在选择英雄时要认真考虑。奥运冠军希望她的努力能带给人榜样;英雄还应该能引导人们跟随他的行为。在日常生活中,我们身边的平凡人都可以成为我们的英雄,他们的不放弃和对家庭的扶持都可以是我们的榜样。小题1:细节理解题。根据文中内容〇lympicwinnerJackieJoyner・Kerseetellsyoungpeopletoworkhard.奥运冠军ackieJoyner-Kersee告诉年轻人要努力工作;故选A。小题2:词意猜测题。根据前后文Celebritiesarepeoplewhoappearonnewspapers,butheroesarepeoplewhomakehistory.名人出现在报纸上,而英雄创造历史;celebrities名人,故选Do小题3:判断推理题题。根据文中内容Manytimes,thegreatestheroesarethepeoplewecanseeeveryday-ourrelatives,friends,andneighbours—whowillnevergiveupwhenfacingdifficulty很多时候,最伟大的英雄在我们日常生活中都能见到,我们的亲人,朋友,邻居,他们面对困难从不放弃;故选B,很多平凡的人给我们树立了榜样。小题4:标题归纳题。这篇文章主要讲述了谁オ是英雄这个问题,故选Bo【知识点】议论类文章阅读团高（初）【适用场合】课后ー个月练习【难度系数】4【试题来源】【题目】TheOxfordEnglishDictionary（OED,牛津英语词典）isthinkingofaddingtheChinesewordtuhao（土豪）toits2014edition（版本）.ThewordhasbecomepopularinChinaduringthepastfewmonthstodescribenewlyrichpeoplewhospendmoneyinextravagant（铺张的,浪费的）ways.TuhaohascaughtoninWesterncountries,too,todescribesimilarpeopleintheircountries.Theadoption（采用）ofthewordbyforeigncountriesisanexampleofChina'sspreadinginfluenceintheworldnotjusteconomically,butalsosociallyandculturally.PeoplearepayingattentiontowhatishappeninginChinaandarepickingupsomeChinesewordsintheprocess,especiallythosewordsthatexpressunique（独特的）Chineseideasthatcannotbeeasilytranslated（翻译）intoEnglish.TheOEDisalsothinkingofaddinghukou（户ロ）anddama（大妈）tothealready120Chinesewordsinitsdictionary.Hukourefersto（指的是）China/ssystemofresidencypermits（户籍系统）anddamareferstomiddle-agedChinesewomenwhosegoldbuyinghabitsinfluencetheglobalgoldmarkets.ThenewsthattheOEDwasaddingthesewordshasmetwithsomecriticism（批评）.Somepeoplesaythewordsembarrass（使人尴尬）China,butothersinsistthatinaglobalized（全球化的）societyit'snaturalforwordstospreadandbeadoptedelsewhere.Infact,awordliketuhaoexpressesthehumorofChina.It'seasytopronounce（发音）andveryaccurate（精准的）atpokingfunat（嘲弄）richpeoplewhohavemoremoneythantaste.【选项】小题1:maybeadoptedintheOxfordEnglishDictionaryin2014accordingtothepassage.A.TuhaoB.HukouC.DamaD.Allabove小题2:canbecalled“tuhao"accordingtothepassage.AllnewlyrichpeoplePeoplewhoowntheirmoneyeasilyPeoplewholovemoneyverymuchNewlyrichpeoplewhospendmoneyinanextravagantway小题3:Theunderlinedword“caughton"（inParagraph2）mostprobablymeans.A.流行B.继续C.接受D.蔓延小题4:Thelastparagraphmainlytalksabout.humorofChinesestylecriticismontheadoptionofChinesewordsintoOEDsupportontheadoptionofChinesewordsintoOEDdifferentopinionsontheadoptionofChinesewordsintoOED【答案】DDAD【解析】这篇短文主要讲述中国当今一些流行词汇正在考虑被纳入2014牛津词典当中。比如土豪、户口、大妈这样的词,但是关于这些词意还有一些争议。小题1:细节理解题。根据文章第一段TheOxfordEnglishDictionary（OED,牛津英语词典）isthinkingofaddingtheChinesewordtuhao（土豪）toits2014edition（版本）.和第四段第一行TheOEDisalsothinkingofaddinghukou（户ロ）anddama（大妈）tothealready120Chinesewordsinitsdictionary.可知,土豪、户口和大妈这三个词都可能会被纳入2014版牛津词典。故选Do小题2:细节理解题。根据第二段第一行ThewordhasbecomepopularinChinaduringthepastfewmonthstodescribenewlyrichpeoplewhospendmoneyinextravagant（铺张的,浪费的）ways,