考研考博-英语-安徽机电职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽机电职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.翻译题

BritishpreviouscolonialpoliciesledtothespreadofEnglishacrosstheworld.ThiswideuseofEnglishhasbeenreinforcedbythesweepinginfluenceoftheU.S.However,thedominanceofEnglishasaninternationallanguageisconsideredbothablessingandacurse.Foronething,ithasacceleratedtheextinctionofsomelanguages.Peoplehavebeenwonderingaboutthepossibilityofcreatingagloballanguagewhichmightholdpromisesforanendtolanguage-causedtroublesandconflicts.Unfortunately,attemptstoharmonizeworldlanguageshavemetwithlittlesuccessasaresultofthereluctanceofnativespeakersofaparticularlanguagetoadoptanotherlanguageastheirmothertongue.Todiscardone’snativelanguageistohavethedistinctfeaturesofhisnationerased.

【答案】答：

英国以前的殖民政策导致了英语在世界各地的传播。美国的广泛影响又进一步加强了英语的广泛使用。然而，英语作为国际语言的主导地位既是好事，也是坏事。一方面，它加速了一些语言的灭绝。人们一直在想是否有可能创造一种全球语言，从而有望结束那些语言引起的麻烦和冲突。不幸的是，因为某一语言的本族语者不愿意把另一种语言当作自己的母语，世界语言一致的尝试收效甚微。抛弃自己的母语，就等于是抹掉自己民族的特色。

2.单选题

Thisproductis（）tochangewithoutnotice.

问题1选项

A.despite

B.evil

C.subject

D.crust

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。besubjectto“受支配，从属于；常遭受……；有……倾向的”。A选项despite的常用搭配有indespiteof/despiteof不管，不顾；B选项evil的常用搭配有speakevilof说坏话；诽谤/doevil作恶；为非作歹；干坏事；造孽；D选项crust“地壳，地表，坚硬外壳”，常用固定搭配很少；句意：本产品（）更换，恕不另行通知。根据句意可知C选项更符合句意，因此C选项正确。

3.翻译题

AlotoftheforeignerswhocometoBeijingarrivewithanxiety,thinkingthattheChinesearedistant.ButIthinktheyareveryaffable,muchliketheSpanish.Sure,theyspeakadifferentlanguage,havetheirownvaluesandcodesofbehaviorbutIdonotagreewiththeviewthattheyareverystand-offish.Onejusthastomakeanefforttoconnectandneverprejudge.

HasChinachangedmeasaperson?Well,Iwouldn’trememberhowIwasbeforebecauseIwassoyoungand30yearsisalongtime.ButIsupposecominghereopenedmyeyestoalotofthings.FromtheChineseIlearnttopersevereandtohavenolimitsforeffortandwork.I’vebeeninfectedbythat.ButIalsolearnttherelativityofthings:nothingiscompletelyandabsolutelygoodandnothingiscompletelyandabsolutelybad.And,yes,thevalueofwaiting,butalsothesenseofjumpingtowardsopportunity.IlearnedalotofthingsbutIcontinuetolearn.

EventhoughI’vebeenhereforalongtimeIwouldnotsayIhavetwoidentities,aSpanishoneandaChineseone.NaturallyIamSpanishbecauseIwasbornandraisedinBarcelona.Iamhereonlyasanobserver.AndIthinkitisgoodtobeassuch.Notasonewhodoesnotknowwherehisrightfulplaceisbutonewhoisinvolved.Ido,however,believeonecanbecomeChinesebecauseChinahasastrongforce.ButIdonotthinkI’deverbecomeChinese.IcanonlysaythatIcanarriveatunderstandingofwhatitistobeChinese.

【答案】很多初到北京的外国人觉得忐忑不安，认为中国人不够热情。但我认为他们非常友好，这点很像西班牙人。当然他们说着不同的语言，有他们自己的价值和行为准则，但我不同意把他们看成是冷漠的人。一个人只是必须通过努力才能实现沟通，而绝不要武断。

中国有没有改变我的为人之道呢？噢，我都记不得我曾经是个怎么样的人，因为那时我是那么年轻，而30年是一段很长的时间。但我认为，我来这里见识了许多事情。我从中国人身上学到了百折不挠和不遗余力地工作。我被这些精神感染了。但我也学会了事物的相对性：凡事没有绝对的好，也没有绝对的坏。此外，是的，我还学会了等待的价值，还有把握机遇的意义。我学到了很多但我还将继续学习。

尽管我在这里很长时间了，我不想说我具有两种身份，一个西班牙人和一个中国人。本质上讲我是西班牙人，因为我在巴塞罗那出生成长。我在这里只是作为一个旁观者。而我认为这样很好。不是作为一个不知自己确切身份的人，而是一个具有参与感的人。尽管我的确相信一个外国人有可能变成中国人，因为中国具有一种强大的力量。但我不认为我曾一度成为中国人，我只能说，我能够理解怎样才算是中国人。

4.单选题

Thiscan（）somethingthatthestudentsmaynothavecomprehendedinEnglish.

问题1选项

A.signify

B.specify

C.clarify

D.testify

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查动词辨析题。signify“表示；预示”；specify“指明；详细说明”；clarify“阐明”；testify“证明”，根据“学生们可能没有理解的”可知此处应该选用动词specify，表示“详细的解释，说明”，故正确答案为选项B。句意为：这个能详细地解释一些学生们可能没有理解的英语问题。

5.单选题

Ifyou（）thebottleandcigarettes,you’llbemuchhealthier.

问题1选项

A.takeoff

B.keepoff

C.getoff

D.setoff

【答案】B

【解析】短语辨析。句意：如果你酒瓶和烟，你会更健康。takeoff脱掉，起飞；keepoff挡住，禁食，不接近；getoff下车；setoff出发，（使）开始。因此，B项keepoff符合句意，在此表示“远离，戒掉，不接近”。

6.单选题

Georgeisonlyastalking（）,hismotheristherealboss

问题1选项

A.horse

B.cat

C.duck

D.tiger

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项horse“马，骑兵，脚架”；B选项cat“猫，猫科动物”；C选项duck“鸭子，鸭肉”；D选项tiger“老虎，凶暴的人”。stalkinghorse“用以掩人耳目的人(或物)，用以掩蔽的事物，(为试探对手支持率而推出的)掩护性候选人”。句意：乔治只是个幌子，他妈妈才是真正的老板。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Thechild’sparentswere______intoacceptingthedemandofthekidnappers.

问题1选项

A.pleaded

B.intoxicated

C.intimidated

D.besieged

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项plead“借口，为……辩护，托称”，B项intoxicate“（酒或毒品）（使）麻醉，（使）中毒”，C项intimidate“恐吓，威胁，胁迫”，D项besiege“围困，包围，烦扰”。由kidnappers“绑匪”可知，空格处填入“恐吓”符合语境。句意：孩子的父母受到恐吓而接受了绑架者的要求。因此，该题选择C项正确。

8.翻译题

(1)Aswehaveseen,thefocusofmedicalcareinoursocietyhasbeenshiftingfromcuringdiseasetopreventingdisease.Andespeciallyintermsofchangingourmanyunhealthybehaviors,suchaspooreatinghabits,smoking,andfailuretoexercise.Thelineofthoughtinvolvedinthisshiftcanbepursuedfurther.Imagineapersonwhoisabouttherightweight,butdoesnoteatverynutritious(有影响的)foods,whofeelsOKbutexercisesonlyoccasionally,whogoestoworkeveryday,butisnotanoutstandingworker,whodrinksafewbeersathomemostnightsbutdoesnotdrivewhiledrunk,andwhohasnochestpainsorabnormalbloodcounts,butsleepsalotandoftenfeelstired.(2)Thispersonisnotill.Hemaynotevenbeatriskforanyparticulardisease.Butwecanimaginethatthispersoncouldbealothealthier.

(3)Thefieldofmedicinehasnottraditionallydistinguishedbetweensomeonewhoismerely“notill”andsomeonewhoisinexcellenthealthandpaysattentiontothebody’sspecialneeds.Bothtypeshavesimplybeencalled“well”.Inrecentyears,however,somehealthspecialistshavebeguntoapplytheterms“well”and“wellness”onlytothosewhoareactivelystrivingtomaintainandimprovetheirhealth.(4)Peoplewhoarewellareconcernedwithnutritionandexercise,andtheymakeapointofmonitoringtheirbody’scondition.Mostimportant,perhaps,peoplewhoarewelltakeactiveresponsibilityforallmattersrelatedtotheirhealth.Evenpeoplewhohaveaphysicaldiseaseorhandicap(缺陷)maybe“well”,inthisnewsense,iftheymakeanefforttomaintainthebestpossiblehealththeycaninthefaceoftheirphysicallimitations.“Wellness”mayperhapsbestbeviewednotasastatethatpeoplecanachieve,butasanidealthatpeoplecanstrivefor.Peoplewhoarewellarelikelytobebetterabletoresistdiseaseandtofightdiseasewhenitstrikes.(5)Andbyfocusingattentiononhealthywaysofliving,theconceptofwellnesscanhaveabeneficialimpactonthewaysinwhichpeoplefacethechallengesofdailylife.

【答案】1.正如我们所见，如今社会医疗保健的重点已从治疗疾病转向预防疾病。

2.这个人没有生病，甚至可能没有患上任何特定疾病的风险，但是我们可以想象他可以更健康。

3.传统上，医学并没有区分那些仅仅是“没有生病”的人和那些身体非常健康并且注意身体特殊需求的人。

4.健康的人注意营养和运动，他们非常重视关注自身的身体状况。

5.通过关注健康的生活方式和概念可以对人们面对日常生活挑战的方式产生积极影响。

9.不定项选择题

Atthefall2001SocialScienceHistoryAssociationconventioninChicago,theCrimeandJusticeNetworksponsoredaforumonthehistoryofgunownership,gunuse,andgunviolenceintheUnitedStates.Ourpurposewastoconsiderhowsocialsciencehistorymightcontributetothepublicdebateoverguncontrolandgunrights.Todate,wehavehadlittleimpactonthatdebate.Ithasbeendominatedbymainstreamsocialscientistsandhistorians,especiallyscholarssuchasGaryKleck,JohnLott,andMichaelBellesiles,whosework,despiteprofoundflaws,ispoliticallycongenialtoeitheropponentsorproponentsofguncontrol.KleckandMarkGertz,forinstance,argueonthebasisoftheirwidelycitedsurveythatgunownerspreventnumerouscrimeseachyearintheUnitedStatesbyusingfirearmstodefendthemselvesandtheirproperty.Iftheirsurveyrespondentsaretobebelieved,Americangunownersshot100,000criminalsin1994inself—defense—apreposterousnumber.Lottclaimsonthebasisofhisstatisticalanalysisofrecentcrimeratesthatlawsallowingprivateindividualstocarryconcealedfirearmstodetermurders,rapes,androbberies,becausecriminalsareafraidtoattackpotentiallyarmedvictims.However,hebiaseshisresultsbyconfininghisanalysistotheyearbetween1977and1992,whenviolentcrimerateshadpeakedandvariedlittlefromyeartoyear.Hereportsonlyregressionmodelsthatsupporthisthesisandneglectstomentionthateachofthosemodelsfindapositiverelationshipbetweenviolentcrimeandrealincome,andaninverserelationshipbetweenviolentcrimeandunemployment.

ContrarytoKleckandLott,BellesilesinsiststhatgunsandAmerica’s“gunculture”areresponsibleforAmerica’shighrateofmurder.InBelleville’sopinion,relativelyfewAmericansownedgunsbeforethe1850sorknowhowtouse,maintain,orrepairthem.Asaresult,hesays,gunscontributedlittletothehomiciderate,especiallyamongwhites,whichwasloweverywhere,evenintheSouthandonthefrontier,wherehistoriansonceassumedgunandmurderwenthandinhand.AccordingtoBellesiles,thesepatternschangeddramaticallyaftertheMexicanWarandespeciallyaftertheCivilWar,whengunownershipbecamewidespreadandculturalchangesencouragedtheuseofhandgunstocommandrespectandresolvepersonalandpoliticaldisputes.Theresultwasanunprecedentedwaveofgun-relatedhomicidesthatnevertrulyabated.Tothisday,theUnitedStateshasthehighesthomiciderateofanyindustrialdemocracy.Bellesiles’slowestimatesofgunownershipinearlyAmericaconflict,however,withthoseofeveryhistorianwhohaspreviouslystudiedthesubjectandhasthusfarprovenirreproducible.Everyhomicidestatistichepresentsiseithermisleadingorwrong.

GiventheinfluenceofKleck,Lott,Bellesilesandotherpartisanscholarsonthedebateoverguncontrolandgunrights,wefeltaneedtopulltogetherwhatsocialsciencehistorianshavelearnedtodateaboutthehistoryofgunownershipandgunviolenceinAmerica,andtoconsiderwhatresearchmethodsandprojectsmightincreaseourknowledgeinthenearfuture.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaboutthepublicdebateoverguncontrol?

2.TheauthormentionsKleck,Lott,andBellesilesmainlyto（）.

3.Theauthor’smaincriticismofJohnLottisthathe（）.

4.WithwhichofthefollowingwillBellesilesmostprobablyagree?

5.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

问题1选项

A.IthaslittleinfluenceontheforumsponsoredbytheCrimeandJusticeNetwork.

B.Neithersupportersnoropponentsofguncontrolcitetheworksofscholars.

C.Theworksofmainstreamsocialscientistshavegreatimpactonit.

D.Manysocialsciencehistorianshavesofarfailedtotakepartinit.

问题2选项

A.illustratetheinfluencetheyhaveontheissueofguncontrol

B.refutetheclaimthatprivateownershipoffirearmswilldeterviolentcrimes

C.supportthethesisthatgunownershipleadstomoreviolence

D.demonstratewhyresearchmethodsshouldbeimprovedinthestudyofthegunownershiphistory

问题3选项

A.advocatesprivateownershipoffirearms

B.isnotobjectiveinhisanalysis

C.hasanalyzedawrongperiod

D.hasciteddubiousstatistics

问题4选项

A.Guncontrolshouldbetightened.

B.Gunshavelittletodowithmurder.

C.“Gunculture”wastheresultofhighhomicideratesinAmerica.

D.Thestatisticsthatearlierhistoriansproducedofgunownershipisreliable.

问题5选项

A.resolvingapublicdisputeoverguncontrol

B.describingtheeffectsofearlierstudiesonguncontrol

C.analyzingtheflawsintheprevioustheoriesaboutguncontrol

D.summarizingtherecentdevelopmentinthestudiesofguncontrol

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。下面哪一个关于公众对枪支的控制的陈述是正确的？选项A“它对犯罪与司法网创建的论坛的影响很小”；选项B“枪支控制的支持者和反对者都没有引用学者的观点”；选项C“主流社会科学家的观点对其有很大的影响”；选项D“许多社会科学历史学家目前不能够参与其中”，根据文章第一段中“Ithasbeendominatedbymainstreamsocialscientistsandhistorians它被主流的社会科学家和历史学家所主导”，可知社会科学历史学家对犯罪与司法网所创建的论坛的影响极大，由此可知其对民众的看法也具有很大的影响，可知正确答案为选项C。

第2题:推理判断题。作者提到Kleck，Lott和Bellesiles是为了，选项A“说明他们对枪支控制问题上的影响力”；选项B“反驳个人拥有枪火会阻止暴力犯罪这个观点”；选项C“支持枪支所有权会带来犯罪这个理论”；选项D“论证为何枪支所有权的历史研究的研究方法需要改善”，根据文章第一段中“Ithasbeendominatedbymainstreamsocialscientistsandhistorians,especiallyscholarssuchasGaryKleck,JohnLott,andMichaelBellesiles,whosework,despitepropoundflaws,ispoliticallycongenialtoeitheropponentsorproponentsofguncontrol.它被主流的社会科学家和历史学家所主导，尤其是GaryKleck，JohnLott，和MichaelBellesiles这样的学者，他们的理论尽管存在缺陷，但还是被枪支控制问题的反对者和支持者在政治上所拥护”，可知这些学者的观点都存在其缺陷，之后作者在介绍他们的观点的时候也会强调他们的观点所存在的一些问题，文章最后一段中得出结论我们需要运用更好的研究方式，了解更多关于枪支使用权的历史知识来更好地了解这个问题，所以作者引用Kleck，Lott和Bellesile是为了论证为何枪支所有权的历史研究的研究方法需要改善，故正确答案为选项D。

第3题:推理判断题。对JohnLott的主要批评是什么，选项A“提倡私人拥有枪支”；选项B“不是客观的分析”；选项C“分析了一个错误的时间”；选项D“引用了可疑的数据”，根据文章第一段末尾“Hereportsonlyregressionmodelsthatsupporthisthesisandneglectstomentionthatechoofthosemodelsfindapositiverelationshipbetweenviolentcrimeandrealincome,andaninverserelationshipbetweenviolentcrimeandunemployment.他只报道了支持他的理论的回归模型而没有提及那些模型所反映出来的暴力犯罪与实际收入之间呈正相关，与失业问题呈反相关的问题”，由此可知JohnLott的理论不够客观，忽略了很多相关的因素，故正确答案为选项B。

第4题:推理判断题。Bellesiles最有可能同意以下哪个观点？选项A“应该加强枪支控制”；选项B“枪支和谋杀没有任何关系”；选项C“枪支文化是美国杀人率高的原因”；选项D“早期的历史学家提供的关于拥有枪支的数据是值得信赖的”，根据文章第二段中“Theresultwasanunprecedentedwaveofgun-relatedhomicidesthatnevertrulyabated.结果是前所未有的与枪支相关的杀人案，从来没有真正缓解”，可知Bellesiles会同意的观点是枪支提高了杀人率，故正确答案为选项C。

第5题:主旨大意题。这篇文章主要关于……选项A“解决公共争端枪支管制”；选项B“描述了早期的研究对枪支管制的影响”；选项C“分析先前关于枪支控制的理论缺陷”；选项D“总结枪支控制的研究在近几年内的发展”，这篇文章首先在第一段中作者就提出主流的社会科学家与历史学家的理论存在一些缺陷，并且在分析各学者的观点的时候都指出了这些缺陷，结尾也提出我们需要改善研究方法，所以这篇文章主要是为了分析先前关于枪支控制的理论缺陷，故正确答案为选项C。

10.单选题

Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.Wehaveasmuchdistastefortalkingaboutpersonaldeathasforthinkingaboutit,itisanindelicacyliketalkinginmixedcompanyaboutvenerealdiseaseorabortionintheolddays.Deathonagrandscaledoesnotbotherusinthesamespecialway:wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.Itiswhenthennumbersofdeadareverysmall,andveryclosethatwebegintothinkinscurryingcircles.Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself,theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable.Wemaybeevenlesswillingtofacetheissueatfirsthandthanourpredecessorsbecauseofasecretnewhopethatmaybeitwillgoaway.Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.

1.Accordingtothepassage,wedobetterthanourremotestancestorsbecause（

）.

2.Whenwetalkatthedinnertableaboutawarinwhichmanypeoplelosttheirlives,weareliabletoshowour（

）.

3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatapersonbecomesupsetaboutdeathwhen（

）.

4.Accordingtopassage,theonlyrealityweknowforsureis（

）.

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggestspeopledeceivethemselvesbythethoughtthat（

）

问题1选项

A.ourattitudeaboutdeathismoredirectandscientific

B.wehaveadeeperunderstandingofbiology

C.wecancalmlytalkaboutdeath

D.wecantalkfreelyatdinnertable

问题2选项

A.indignation

B.sympathy

C.indifference

D.superstition

问题3选项

A.heseesdeathonfilmsandtelevision

B.herealizesthatmanispowerlessbeforenature

C.helosesoneofhisrelativesorintimatefriends

D.hewitnessesdeathonagrandscale

问题4选项

A.wearemortalbeings

B.scienceenablesustoprolongourlives

C.weallsharesomeinnerapathytowardsothers

D.wearelessevasiveaboutdeaththanourpredecessors

问题5选项

A.wearemoreintelligentthanourancestors

B.wecanleadnaturearoundbythenose

C.wecanbecomesmartenoughtoputdeathoff

D.wecanavoidwarinthefuture

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.根据文章第一句Wecontinuetosharewithourremotestancestorsthemosttangledandevasiveattitudesaboutdeathdespitethegreatdistancewehavecometounderstandsomeoftheprofoundaspectsofbiology.我们继续与我们最遥远的祖先分享对死亡最纠结和逃避的态度，尽管我们已经了解了生物学的一些深刻方面。确定B选项‘我们对生物学有更深的理解‘正确。A选项‘我们对死亡的态度更直接更科学’、C选项‘我们可以平静地谈论死亡’、D选项‘我们可以在饭桌前自由谈论’不符合原文。

2.根据这一句话wecansitaroundadinnertableanddiscusswar,involving60millionvolatilizedhumandeaths,asthoughweweretalkingaboutbadweather,wecanwatchabruptbloodydeatheveryday,incolor,onfilmsandtelevision,withoutblinkingbackatear.我们可以围坐在餐桌旁讨论战争，涉及6000万人的死亡，就像我们在谈论恶劣的天气一样，我们可以每天在电影和电视上看到突然的血腥死亡，而且是彩色的，不眨一下眼泪。确定C选项‘冷漠，漠不关心’正确。

3.根据文章的thennumbersofdeadareverysmall大数量的死亡是很少的。Attheverycenteroftheproblemisthenakedcolddeadnessofone’sownself：核心的问题是某人会独自孤独地死去。由确定C选项‘他失去他的某位亲戚或亲密朋友’符合题意。

4.根据文章这一句话theonlyrealityinnatureofwhichwecanhaveabsolutecertainty,anditisunmentionable,unthinkable：这是我们唯一可以肯定的客观事实，并且是难以启齿的，不能想象的。确定A选项‘我们都终有一死‘正确。B选项‘科学能延长我们的生命‘文章没有提及。C选项’我们应当与他人分享自己内心的冷漠‘和D选项’我们比我们的袓先更无法逃避死亡‘不符合题意。

5.根据文章最后一句话Weliketothink,hidingthethought,thatwithallthemarvelouswaysinwhichweseemnowtoleadnaturearoundbythenose,perhapswecanavoidthecentralproblemifwejustbecome,nextyear,say,abitsmarter.我们喜欢思考，隐藏思想。现在我们用尽各种方法，似乎是我们牵着大自然的鼻子走。如果我们变得更聪明些，或许能够避免核心的问题。可以确定C选项‘我们足够聪明可以推迟死亡‘符合题意。

11.单选题

TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarkerofWelshidentity,butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx,oncewidelyspokenontheisleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentfinancingandcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope'sregionallanguages,spokenbymorethanahalf-millionofthecountry’sthreemillionpeople.

Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince14O4.TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.ThepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersofclub—Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.

TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspentItcannot,unlikeitscounterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelsharegrowingtoliketheirAssembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemorepowers.Itsimportanceasfigureheadwillgrowwiththeopeningin2003,ofanewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynewbuildingsthataretransformingCardifffromadecayingseaportintoaBaltimore-stylewaterfrontcity.MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropeanUnionwilltacklepoverty.WalesisoneofthepoorestregionsinWesternEurope-onlySpain,Portugal,andGreecehavealowerstandardofliving.

NewspapersandmagazinesarefilledwithstoriesaboutgreatWelshmenandwomen,boostingself-esteem.TofamiliarfacessuchasDylanThomasandRichardBurtonhavebeenaddednewiconssuchasCatherineZeta-Jones,themoviestar,andBrynTerfel,theoperasinger.Indigenousfoodslikesaltmarshlambareinvogue.AndWalesnowboastsanationalairline,AwyrCymru.Cymru,whichmeans"landofcompatriots,"istheWelshnameforWales.Thereddragon,thenation’ssymbolsincethetimeofKingArthur,iseverywhere—onT-shirts,rugbyjerseysandevencellphonecovers.

“UntilveryrecenttimemostWelshpeoplehadthisfeelingofbeingsecond-classcitizens,”saidDyfanJones,an18-year-oldstudent.Itwasawarmsummernight,andIwassittingonthegrasswithagroupofyoungpeopleinLlanelli,anindustrialtowninthesouth,outsidetherockmusicvenueoftheNationalEisteddfod,Wales'sannualculturalfestival.ThedisusedfactoryinfrontofusechoedtothesoundsofnewWelshbands.

"Therewasalmostagenetictendencyforlackofconfidence,"Dyfancontinued.EquallycomfortableinhisWelshnessasinhismembershipintheEnglish-speaking,globalyouthcultureandthenewfederalEurope,Dyfan,liketherestofhisgeneration,isgrowingupwithasenseofpossibilityunimaginabletenyearsago.’’Weusedtothink.Wecan’tdoanything,we'reonlyWelsh.NowIthinkthat’schanging."

1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeatto（

）.

2.Theword“centrifogal”inthesecondparagraphmesas

（

）.

3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceofWelshnationalidentity

（

）.

5.AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis（

）.

问题1选项

A.maintaintothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeatto

B.reducelegislativepowersofEngland.

C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenations

D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunion.

问题2选项

A.separatist

B.conventional

C.feudal

D.political

问题3选项

A.people’sdesirefordevolution.

B.locals’turnoutforthevoting

C.powersofthelegislativebody.

D.statusofthenationallanguage.

问题4选项

A.Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.

B.Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.

C.AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.

D.Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.

问题5选项

A.people'smentality.

B.popculture.

C.town’sappearance.

D.possibilitiesforthepeople.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.devotion出现在文章第二段第三句TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom，该句提到为了恢复大不列颠各成员国之间的平衡而采取了权利下放，devolution是“权利下放”的意思。选项C提到的“创建一个更好的平等状态”与“恢复各成员国间的平衡”意思相近，符合题意。

2.centrifugal出现在文章第二段最后一句abiggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion，可推测centrifugal应与union意思相反，是威胁联盟团结的事物，选项A“分离主义”符合题意。

3.文章第三段第一句TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution提到威尔士人对权利下放热情很低，但苏格兰人却不一样（WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelmingly…）由此可知选项A是两者的区别，排除；第三段第二句WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent提到苏格兰以压倒性的多数投票选举会，而威尔士的投票人数低于了25%，选项B“投票选举的出席人数”也是二者的区别，排除；第三段提到威尔士与苏格兰不同的地方之一是没有立法权（Itcannot,unlikeitscounterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws），选项C排除。因此，选项D符合题意。

4.文章第三段倒数第二句MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropeanUnionwilltacklepoverty提到威尔士从欧盟得到近两百万美元解决贫困问题。但是这里主要是对威尔士情况的介绍，并非国家地位复兴的例子，所以选项B符合题意。

5.文章最后两段提到DyfanJones的看法。他认为威尔士人天生缺乏信心（Therewasalmostagenetictendencyforlackofconfidence），接着提到了人们开始改变“Weusedtothink.Wecan’tdoanything,we'reonlyWelsh.NowIthinkthat’schanging”，他们变得有信心。由此可知，威尔士人的心态发生了变化。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Onthefatefulnightin1930whenthefirstGermanbombsfellonPoland,youngNinaNovak,oneofPoland'smostpromisingdancers,wasperformingintheOperaHouseinWarsaw.TwodayslatertheOperaHousewasdestroyedbybombs.Nina'swholelifehadbeendevotedtoballet:Nowherworldcollapsedaroundher.Inthedarkyearsthatfollowed,itseemedthatshewouldneverdanceagain,muchlessbecomeoneoftheworld'sleadingballerinas.ButNinahadcourage---andadreamthatbeganwhenshewasveryyoung.

NinawasborninWarsawandspenttheearlyyearsofherchildhoodthere;HerfirstschoolteachernoticedlittleNina’sgraceandtoldhersheshouldstudydancing,Ninadelightedlyreportedtheteac