点透析分析研究分t资高考考资I析研究分析研究

摘要：西方质询制度与我国的质询制度存在着很多不同，最大的区别在于：西方的立法机关只能质询政府，我国法律规定人大不但可以质询政府，也可以质询法院。然而这一规定与现行宪法排除了全国人大对最高人民法院质询的规定相违背。通过比较历次立法的变化它的用法，希望能对同学们有所帮助。一、it用作代词的用法1.用来指时间、地点、天气、距离、环境等。例如：一Whattimeisit?--Itisteno'clocknow.Itiswindytoday.Itisabouttenminutes'walkfromheretothestation.注：it表示时间时有几个重要句型，同学们要注意掌握他们的用法及其区别。Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...“是该做某事的时候了该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，常用过去时态表示虚拟。有时也用"should+动词原形"，should不能省。例如：Itistimethatwehadbreakfast.IIt's(about/high)timethatweshouldtakeaction.Itbethefirst(second...)timethat...”第儿次做某事了2.该句型中的that从句用完成时态。如果主句动词be是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果主句动词be是一•般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去。例如：It'sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeenpraised.Itbe+段时间+since..."自从 以来“该句型时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。主句中的be动词通常为•般现在时态或现在完成时态,since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。例如：Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.战争爆发以来已经有三年了。Itisthreeyearssincehewasinourclass.他离开我们班有三年了。Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehelivedhere.他不在这儿住有三年了。Itbe+点时间+when…”当……的时候，是……”例如：该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句。Be动词的时态没有明确限制，点时间前不加介词。例如：Itwasalreadytwelveo'clockwhenhecamehere.Itbe+段时间+before…"多久之后才 ”不久 就 该句型主句中be动词的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态.主句中的表语多是long,notlong,days,weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。例如：Itwillbenotlongbeforewemeetagain.不久我们就会再见面的。2.用来指代前面提到过的事物或情况。例如：Thisisnotmypen.It'sTom's.注：it,them,one,ones,ihal,和those都可以作替代词，它们的用法区别是高考考查热点。l）it指代上文出现的同一个事物，既可以指代可数名词，也可以指代不可数名词，其复数形式是Ihem。例如：・・・Haveyouseenmypen?---Yes,it'sinthedesk.one指代单一数可数名词，泛指同类事物中的一个；其复数形式是ones,泛指一些。例如：Ipreferaflatineastdistricttooneinwestdistrict.Theykeeponeblackdogandtwowhiteones.that用来替代前面提到的特指事物，既可以指代单数可数名词，也可以指代不可数名词。代替单数可数名词可以用theone替代。其复数形式是those,指代复数名词，表特指。伊U如：Theweatherhereisnotsogoodasthatthere.Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.3.用来指人。多指婴儿或指身份不明的人（通常是只闻其声，不见其人时）。例如：一Whoisknockingatthedoor?--ItmustbeTom..经典高考例题l.Mymostfamousrelativeofall,whoreallylefthismarkonAmerica,wasRebSussel,mygreatgrandmother.（江苏06）A.oneB.theoneC.he D.someone.Tom'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,butdidn'thelp.（NMET93）A.heB.which C.sheD.it.—Doyoulike here?（全国1104）--Oh,yes,Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it.--Hewasnearlydrownedonce.—Whenwas ?・一 wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.（NMET98）A.thatjtB.this:ThisC.this:ItD.that:This.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblem--infactfarmoreserious thanmobilephonesdo•（江西05）A.oneB.onesC.itD.those.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,Iwillalwaystreasure.（全国02）A.that B.oneC.itD.what.We'vebeenlookingatthehousesbuthaven'tfoundwelikeyet.（浙江05）A.oneB.onesC.itD.them.rmmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan inthecity.（江苏05）A.OnesB.oneC.thatD.those.Weneedanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermadefromsomewoodwehad.（全国IV04）A.it B.one C.himself D.another1intendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunatelycouldn*tsparemeevenoneminute.（重庆04）A.theyB.oneC.whoD.it.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.ltrsyearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.（安徽05）A.when B.that C.before D.since.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears hisworksunfinished.（福建04）A.since B.after C.before D.when.…DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?一Yes,itwasnotyeteighto'clock hearrivedhome.（福建05）A.before B.whenC.thatD.until.TheParkersboughtanewhousebutwillneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.（NMET01）A.theyB.it C.oneD.which.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but didn'thelp.（全国HI05）A.itB.she C.whichD.he16.1preferaflatinInvernessto inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom,,s.（天津05）A.oneB.thatC.itD.this.1hopethereareenoughglasseforeachguesttohave.（NMET1995）A.it B.those C.themD.oneItwassometime werealizedthetruth.（山东05）A.when B.untilC.sinceD.beforeItisalmostfiveyears wesaweachotherlasttime.（北京春05）A.before B.sinceC.afterD.when20.1wasdisappointedwiththefilm.Ihadexpectedtobemuchbetter.（NMET93）A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it21.Fewpleasurescanequalofacooldrinkonahotday.（NMET99）A.some B.any C.thatD.thoseKey:l.B2.D3.D4.A5.B6.B7.A8.C9.B10.All.D12.C13.B14.B15.A16.A17.D18.D19.B20.D22.C二、it用作形式主语。it常用来代替不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句，位于句首，而被替代的真正主语后置。常见的句型有下面几种：名词/形容词+不定式。例如：ItisdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.It'shisdutytohelptheoldwoman.It's+名词+动名词短语。这样的名词有worth,use,good,fun,awasteof,job,task等。例如：It'sfundoingthis.Itisnotaneasytaskdoingthiswork.It*snousearguingwithhim.It*swellworthlisteningtothemusicagain.It's+过去分词+名词性从句。常用于该句型的过去分词有：said,told,reported,known,suggested,hoped,expected等。例如：It'ssaidthathehasgonetoLondonforfurtherstudy.It'sreportedthatthepresidentwillcometovisitourcity.irs+名词/形容词+名词性从句。例如：It'snowonderthathefailedintheexam.IlisimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.Itisasurprisethatyougavesuchananswertothequestion.Ilisprobablethathehasknowneverything.Ittakes/costssb.sometime/somemoneytodosth..例如：Ittookmetwohourstofinishthetask.Itcostmetwentydollarstohireabike.It+动词+从句：这样的动词有seem,happen,appear,look,matter,turnout,striketo,occurt。(突然想起)等。例如：IloccurredtomethatIshouldhaveatalkwithmyteacher.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorainthisafternoon.Itdoesn'lmatterwhetheryouagreeornot.It's(just)(un)likesb.todo…"(不)像某人做某事的风格”。例如:Itwas(just)likehimtocheatintheexam..8.Itisuptosb.todosth.”该由某人负责干某事如:Itisuptoyoutolookafterthechildren.高考例题.・一Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptomoon?—Perhapstwoorthreeyears.(福建06)A.when B.until C.thatD.before.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET95)A.There B.ThisC.ThatD.It.IsnecessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?(MET89)A.thisB.thatC.itD.he.Infactisahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.(上海01)A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it.Doesmatterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?(MET91)A.thisB.thatC.heD.it.TheForeignMinistersaid,"ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.M(北京04)A.Thisis B.Thereis C.ThatisD.heregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.(上海05)A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.itrequiresKEY;l.D2.D.3.C.4,D.5.D.6.D7.C三、it用作形式宾语不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作宾语时，如果后面带有宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。.主语•+谓语+it+宾补（名词或形容词）+真正宾语。例如：IhavemadeitclearthatnobodyisallowedtosmokehereTheyhavemadeitaruletolistentomusicbeforegoingtobed.Ithinkitnogoodlearningwithoutthinking..主语+谓语+it+真正宾语。这里的谓语通常是表示“喜欢、憎恨”等心理方面动词如like,hate,enjoy,prefer等。例如：Iwouldappreciateitifyoucangivemeahand..特殊句式中的形式宾语。如“oweittosb.that 把 归功于 ；leaveittosbthat 把 留给某人去做;takeitforgrantedthat 想当然；keepitinmindthat…记住;seetoitthat…务必,确保;depend/relyonitthat…相信，毫无疑问”等。例如：Seetoitthattheworkisdonewell.Youcandependonitthatheissuretosucceed.经典高考例题"dappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.（山东06）A.thatB.itCthisD.you.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople*saffairsinthattown.（湖南06）A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it.AwarmthughtsuddenlycametomeImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformother*sbirthday.（安徽06）A.if B.whenC.thatD.which.Idon'tthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.（MET90）A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it5.1hatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.（NMET98）A.itB.thatC.theseD.them6.ThechairmanthoughtnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.（全国I05）A.that B.itC.this D.him.1likeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.（全国I05）A.this B.thatC.it D.oneKEY;1.B.2.D3.C4.D5.A6.B7.C四、it用于强调结构其句型是：It's+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：1.被强调部分往往是句子的主语、宾语、时间状语和地点状语，但有时也可强调比较复杂的内容，如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、nolunlil...、notonly...butalso…、…aswellas…等结构。例如:ItwasTomwhobrokethewindow.Itwasintheeveningthathebrokeintothehouse..在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句。例如：Itwasbecauseitrainedthatthemeetingwasputoff...在强调not…until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上。例如：ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasmybrother..强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/WasiL・who/tha「・・？例如：WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarthathedied?.强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+is/wasitihat…?（强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词）。例如：Whenisitthatyouwillgoabroad?Whowasitthatyoutalkedwithjustnow?当强调名词性从句中的特殊疑问词时，要用陈述结构。即：”……特殊疑问词+il+is/wasthat…”例如：Iwonderwhatitisthattheyaretalkingabout.经典高考例题Litwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.（辽宁06）A.that B.when C.since D.as.2.1justwondermakeshimsoexcited（.lll东06）A.whyitdoes B.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitisItwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.（NMET97）A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.whenItwasnotshetookoffherglassesIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.（NMET92）A.when;that B.until;that C.until;whenD.when;then5.Itwasn' untilnearlyamonthlater Ireceivedthemanager*sreply.（全国I05）A.since B.whenC.asD.that6.1tiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaymatters.（天津05）A.that B.what C.which D.this7.--- thathemanagedtogettheinformation?（山东05）-Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit8.Itwasaftertheinventionofprinting topublishlargenumbersofbooksandpictures.（上海春05）A.werepeopleable B.thatpeoplewereableC.whenwerepeopleable D.peoplewereable9.WhyIhavenothingtoconfess. youwantmetosay.A.Whatisitthat B.WhatiristhatC.HowitthatD.Howitisthat10.ltwas backhomeaftertheexamination.（湖北04）A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn'tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn'tgo1Litwaswithgreatjoy hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.（福建04）A.because B.whichC.sinceD.that12.Itwasonlywiththehelpofthelocalpeople .（上海春04）A.wasthemountainclimberrescuedB.thatthemountainclimberwasrescuedC.whenthemountainclimberwasrescuedD.thenmountainclimberwasrescuedKEY；1.A2.D3.A4.B5.D6.A7.C8.B9.A10.Cll.D12.B五、用于固定短语中Lmakeit约定时间；做到;成功。Youdon'thavetoworryihe'11makeit.Zforgetit没关系；别在意；算了吧。■--HowmuchdoIoweyou?--Forgetit.3.watchit当心：注意You'dbetterwatchit.Ifyougetintotroubleagain,youHlbefired.4.itdepends视情况认而定■--Howmanysoldierswillbesentthere?-Itdepends..footit步行；走路I'msorryI'mlate---1missedthebusandIhadtofootit..asitis事实上;像现在这样Don'ttouchit,leaveitasitis..It,suptoyou由你决定；听你的It'suptoyoutodecidewherewearegoingto..takeiteasy别紧张：另lj急Takeiteasywhenyou,reonthestage.Takeiteasy;we'vegotplenty