全国2020年10月高等教育自学考试 英语(二)试题

绝密★考试结束前全国2020年10月高等教育自学考试英语（二）试题课程代码:000151.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。选择题部分注意事项:每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。第一部分:阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。BookingOnlineandSavingtheEnvironmentWhenyouarelookingtobookaholiday,itisunlikelythatyouwillthinkabouthowgreenyourbookingdecisionis,butitissomethingthatyoushouldthinkabout.By"green"wemeantheimpactontheenvironment.Whenlookingtobookaholiday,youwillprobablyfindthatyouarefacedwithtwomaindecisions.Thefirstistogointoatravelagency,pickupbrochures,readthroughthemandgobackwithjustoneandbookwiththetravelagentsdirectlyoverthephone.ThesecondistogoontotheInternet.TheInternetholdsmanyadvantagesoverthetravelagents.Themainoneisconvenience.Youcangoonlinetolookatholidaysatanytimeoftheday.Thetravelagents,however,areusuallyverybusyattimeswhenpeoplecan（actually）go,i.e.lunchhoursorattheweekend.Youcouldusethetelephone,butyouwouldn'tbeabletoseethepicturesorthedetails（oftheholidays）,soyouwouldprobablybesentabrochureanyway.TherearewebsitesontheInternetthatmakeshoppingforholidaydealsmucheasier.Thesewebsitesareknownaspricecomparisonwebsites.Theysearchthroughlotsofdifferenttouroperators,andtheresultsaredisplayedononepage,fromwhichyoucanchoose.Comparedwiththetravelagencies,bookingonlineisgreener.Thepilesofbrochuresaredefinitelynotgreen,andtheamountofunnecessarypaperusedcannotbegoodfortheenvironment.InthedaysoftheInternet,thereisreallynoneedforsuchalargeamountofpapertobewasted.Sobookingonlinewillnotonlysaveyoutimeandeffort,itwilldoalittlebittowards（趋向）savingtheenvironment,too!1.Whenplanningholidays,fewpeoplewillthinkaboutbeinggreen.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven2.Therearetwomainchoiceswhenpeoplelooktobooktheirholidays.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven3.Peoplegototravelagenciesandmaketheirdecisionsdirectly.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven4.Themainadvantageofbookingonlineissavingmoney.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven5.Manypeoplegototravelagenciesatlunchtime.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven6.Bookingholidaysbytelephonerequireslesscommunicativeskills.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven7.Therearelimitedchoicesatpricecomparisonwebsites.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven8.Travelagenciesmakethebestuseofpricecomparisonwebsites.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven9.Travelerscollectbrochuresasahobby.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven10.Bookingonlineisawaytosavetheenvironment.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven第二部分:阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。UrbanGardeningUrbangardeningreferstothepracticeofplantingagardeninthecity.Apartments,townhomes,andotherareaswithlittleornolandarebeingusedforgardening.Thismethodofgardeningisbecomingmorecommonastheamount（ofland）forgardeningisbecomingsmallerandsmallerincities.Containers,hangingbasketsandraisedbedsareexamplesofitemspeopleusetocreateagardeninaconfinedspace.Somecitiesalsoofferasharedcommunitygardenforpeople¦whohavenoroomtogrowplantsathome.Manytypesofplantscanbegrownincontainersandbaskets,forinstance,Tomatoesandpeppers,cangrowincontainersonwindowsills(窗台).Plantsgrownonwindowsillshouldusuallyreceiveatleastsixtoeighthoursofsunlightdaily.Herbsareoftengrownincontainersorbasketsinthekitchen.Theydonotrequiremuchspaceandcanbehandyforcooking.Peoplewhowanttogrowmoreplantsmayuseraisedbedswhichareusuallymadeofwoodpiecesandfilledwithamixtureofsoilandfertilizers.Theycanbebuiltontopofanyhardsurface,includingrooftops.Peoplelikethembecausethebedsoftencostmuchlessthanmostothermethodsofgardening.Communitygardeningcouldbeanoptionforanyonewhodoesnothavespaceforagardenathome.）Mostcitiesthatofferthiswillrentsmallplotoflandtosomeoneforafee,orallowthemtouseitfreeofcharge.Insteadofdividingthelandintoseparateplots,somecitiesalloweveryoneintheneighborhoodtoshareandworkonthesameland.Thismethodcouldbebeneficialforpeopleintheneighborhoodwhosharethepassionforgrowingthings.11.Urbangardeningcameintobeingasaresultof_______.A.thelackoflandforgardeningB.newtechnologyC.governmentencouragementD.theincreasingpopulation12.Theword"confined"(Para.2)means_______.A.openB.emptyC.limitedD.occupied13、Plantsgrownonwindowsillsrequirelotof_______.A.waterB.spaceC.soilD.sunlight14、Raisedbedsarepopularbecausethey_______.A.areefficientB.arecheapC.lastlongD.containfertilizers15.、Communitygardeningisbeneficialbecauseit_______.A.savesmorelandB.requireslessworkC.increasesoutputD.connectspeople第三部分:概括段落大意和补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务:（1）从第16~20题后所给的6个选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择1个正确的段落大意；（2）从第21~25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子在答题纸相应位置上将答案代码写出。MyScienceTeacher➊Usuallywhenpeopledecidetobeteachers,theygotocollege,getadegree,andfindajobataschool.Theypreparelessonplans,giveouthomework,andmakeuptests.Tothem,itisjustajob,awaytomakealiving.Butformyscienceteacher,Mrs.Cook,teachingisnotjustherjob.Sheteachesthroughherheart.➋Shehassomuchenthusiasminherlessons.Sheistheonewhogoesoutlateatnighttobuy10poundsofsugarforourexperiments.Shebringsinwaterfromthenearbycanaltomakeherpoint,andtomakeusrememberthelesson.Shemakesusthinkthateachnewfactcouldchangeourlives.➌Mrs.Cookwantsallofustodowellinschool.Shetriestoreacheachstudent.Sheneitherignoresthesleepingkidintheback,norletstheproblemstudentsalone.Sheshowsspecialconcerntoslowstudents,andoftenhelpsthemafterschool.Noneofuscanslipawayfromherattention.➍Middleschoolisprobablyoneofthehardesttimesofourlives.Wechangefriendssooften,andfightwithourparentsconstantly.ButMrs.Cookhasmadethisyearsomuchbetterforusthanitcouldhavebeen.Weknowthatifwehadtoturntoanybody,itwouldbeher.AndI'mnotaloneinfeelingthisway;sheisarolemodelforourwholeclass.➎Sciencehadneverbeenmyfavoritesubject.Ihadneverborrowedsciencebooks.Ihadneverperformedexperimentsinmyhome.Butthisyear,it'sthescienceclassthatIdon'tmindwakingupfor,thetestIdon'tmindtaking.IhaveMrs.Cooktothankforthat.Shehastaughtussomuchmorethanjustasinglesubject.Task116.Paragraph➊:17.Paragraph➋:18.Paragraph➌:19.Paragraph➍:20.Paragraph➎:A.MrsCookmakesourschoollifeeasier.B.Ienjoyscienceclassnow.C.Mrs.Cookcaresabouteachstudent.D.Mrs.Cookisstrictwithherstudents.E.Mrs.Cook'slessonsarewell-prepared.F.TeachingismorethanajobforMrs.Cook.Task221.Tobecomeschoolteacher,oneneeds______.22.Mrs.Cookoftengoesouttocollect______.23.Mrs.Cookoffersslowstudentsextrahelp______.24.OurwholeclasstakeMrs.Cookas______.25.IamluckytohaveMrs.Cookas______.A.inclassB.myteacherC.afterschoolD.arolemodelE.acollegedegreeF.teachingmaterials第四部分:填句补文(第26~30题,每题2分,共10分)下面的短文有5处空白,短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌,并在答题纸相应位置上将答案代码写出。LackofSleepIsDangerousDoyouknowthatifyoumissouttoomuchsleepyouwilldie?It'strue!Ifyoustayawakeforalong,longtime,yourbrainandbodywillbreakdown.Theunofficialworldrecordforstayingawakeis11days,andit'sheldbyRandyGardner.26HealsohadhelpfromTVandradioreporters,asleepresearcherandadoctor.Whathappened?27Thenhisbrainstartedtolosesense.Onday4,hethoughtastreetsignwasreallyaperson.Onday6,hebegantospeakveryslowly.Onday9,hecouldn'tfinishsentences.Onday10,Randythoughthesawaforestinthenextroom.28Eventually,afterhe'dbrokentheworldrecord,Randywastoldtogotosleep.Experimentsthatkeeppeopleawakefordangerouslylongperiodsarealwaysstoppedbeforethepatientsbreakdown.Rats,however,aren'tsowellcaredfor.29That'ssoonerthanifthey'dbeenallowedtosleepbutweregivennofood.Theygetreallythin.Butthat'snotbecausetheystopeating—quitetheopposite.Eventhoughtheseratsareeatingfood,theirbodiescan'tprocessitinthenormalway.Ontopofthat,theirlittlebodieslosemoreheatthannormal,whichmakesthemweak.Thismeansthattheyneedmorefoodtostayatahealthytemperature.30Andthat'swhatlackofsleepdoesforyou.A.Infact,hewentabitcrazy.B.Normallyratswouldn'tcatchacold.C.Towardstheend,thehealthoftheseratsisfailing.D.Whenkeptfromsleeping,theydiewithinthreeweeks.E.Randyaskedtwoofhisfriendstostophimfallingasleep.F.Firstofall,stayingawakelongmadeRandybad-tempered.第五部分:填词补文（第31~40题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题纸相应位置上将答案代码写出。TalkingCounts!Mostwordsinachild'svocabularycomefromeverydayencounterswithlanguage.Children__31__uplanguagefrombooks,media,andconversations.Youcanincreaseyourchild'svocabularyand__32__knowledgebyhavingconversationswiththem.Withbabies,youcantalktothemaboutwhatyou'redoingsotheycanbeginto__33__wordswithconcepts.Asyourbabybeginstospeak,startasking,"What'sthat?"when__34__toobjectsorpictures.Elaborateontheir__35__answersasawaytohavethemlisteningtomorewords."Yes,thatisabanana!It's__36__andsmooth."Withyoungchildren,youcantalkaboutthethingsyouseeinyour__37__,ontripsaroundtown,orontelevision.Theseconversationshelpbuildachild's__38__ofhisworld.Whenreading,pausetoaskquestionsonthestory.Ask,"Whydoyouthinkhedidthat?”or"Whatdoyouthinkisgoingtohappen__39__?"Tellyourchildrenstoriesfromyourownlife,oraboutthedaytheywere__40__.Thishelpsdeveloptheirpersonalandculturalidentity.A.linkE.yellowI.pickB.simpleF.buildJ.bornC.secondlyG.understandingK.backgroundD.neighborhoodH.pointingL.next非选择题部分注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。第六部分:完形补文(第41~50题,每题1.5分,共15分)下面的短文有10处空白,每处空白后的括号内有一个词,请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中,以恢复文章原貌,并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上。WaterShortageGettingwaterseems(seem)soeasyformanypeople.Youwillbe__41___(mistake)ifyouthinkthereisan__42___(end)supplyofwater.Infact,theworldhasawatershortage.Seventypercentoftheworldis__43___(cover)inwater.Butmostofitissaltwater.Onlyasmall__44__(percent)isfreshdrinkingwater.Countries45(include)Spain,ItalyandSouthAfricaactuallyimportwaterfromcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandAustralia.46(surprising),1.1billionpeopleonearthhavedifficulty47(get)cleandrinkingwater.Thisglobalproblemispredictedtoget48(bad)astheatmospherebecomeswarmer.EverypersoninBritain49(use)about150litresofwateraday.Insomecountriespeopleonlyhave5to10litresaday!Theywouldbe50(shock)tolearnhowwewastedrinkingwater.第七部分:短文写作（第51题，30分）请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇100词左右的英文写作任务。将你的答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。51.某英文报社正在举办题为“AnUnforgettableHoliday的征文活动。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征，内容包括:●哪一个假期令你难忘●为什么令你难忘绝密★考试结束前全国2020年10月高等教育自学考试英语（二）试题参考答案课程代码:00015第一部分:阅读判断(第1~10题,每题1分,共10分)1.A2.A3.B4.B5.C6.C7.B8.B9.C10.A1.【解析】题干大意:在计划假期时,很少有人会想到绿色。题目的关键词是“planningholidays”,对应原文第一段第一句:Whenyouarelookingtobookholiday,itisunlikelythatyouwillthinkabouthowgreenyourbookingdecisions与题干相符。故选A。2.【解析】题干大意:当人们想预订他们的假期时,有两个主要的选择。对应原文第二段第一句:Whenlookingtobookholiday,youwillprobablyfindthatyouarefacedwithtwomaindecisions与题干相符。故选A3.【解析】题干大意:人们去旅行社直接做决定题目关键词“directly”对应文章第二段第二句:Thefirstistogointotravelagency,pickupbrochures(宣传)readthroughthemandgobackwithjustoneandbookwiththetravelagentsdirectlyoroverthephone.原文说的是直接或通过电话预定,题干只有直接预定。故选B4.【解析】题干大意:网上预订的主要优势是省钱题目关键词“savingmoney对应原文第三段第二句:Themainoneisconvenience.原文说的是:网上预定的主要优势是方便,与题千不符。故选B5.【解析】题干大意:许多人在午餐时间去旅行社。题目关键词“atlunchtime”原文通篇并没有提到在什么时候会去旅行社。故选C6.【解析】题干大意:通过电话预订假期需要较少的沟通技巧。题目关键词“lesscommunicativeskills”。文中通篇没有提到沟通技巧。故选C7.【解析】题干大意:在价格比较网站上有有限的选择。题目关键词“limitedchoices”。对应原文第四段第三句:Theysearchthroughlotsofdifferenttouroperators,andtheresultsaredisplayedononepage,fromwhichyoucanchoose.意思是网站上的选择有很多,与题干不符。故选B8.【解析】题干大意:旅行社充分利用比价网站。对应原文第三段第一句:TheInternetholdsmanyadvantagesoverthetravelagencies.意思是网站比旅行社拥有优势,网站充分利用旅行社,与题干不符。故选B。9.【解析】题干大意:旅行者收集小册子作为一种爱好。题目的关键词是“hobby”。原文通篇并没有提到旅行者的爱好。故选C10.【解析】题干大意:网上订票是一种节省环境的方法。题目的关键词是“savetheenvironment”对应原文第五段第一句：Comparedwiththetravelagencies，bookingonlineisgreener.与题干相符。故选A第二部分:阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）11.A12.C13.D14.B15.D11.【解析】事实细节题。根据第一段第三句这种园艺方法越来越普遍的原因是城市的园艺用地越来越少。故选A。12.【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句:容器、吊篮和凸起的床是人们在密闭空间中用来创造花园的物品的例子。容器、吊篮和凸起的床都是有限的空间，与第二段第二句中的“sharedcommunitygarden”（共享社区花园）形成对比。故选C。13.【解析】事实细节题。根据第三段第三句:生长在窗台上的植物通常每天至少要接受6到8小时的阳光。故选D14.【解析】事实细节题。根据第四段第三句:人们喜欢它们的原因是养床通常比大多数其他园艺方法要便宜得多。故选B15.【解析】事实细节题。根据第五段第三、四句可知，有些城市不把土地分割成单独的地块，而是允许邻里中的每个人在同一块土地上分享和工作。这种方法可能对社区中那些对成长事物有着共同热情的人是有益的。故选D。第三部分:根据段落大意补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分）16.F17.E18.C19.A20.B21.E22.F23.C24.D25B16.【解析】本段的最后两句为本段的中心句，是典型的下定义句式。首先给库克夫人做一个界定。选项F与本段对应。17.【解析】本段的第一句为本段的中心句，通过举例说明老师上课准备的很充分。选项E与本段对应。18.【解析】本段的第一句为本段的中心句，通过举例说明老师对每个学生都很关心。选项C与本段对应。19.【解析】本段的第三句为本段的转折句，讲的是库克夫人使我们的校园生活变得更加轻松。选项A与本段对应。20.【解析】本段的第四句为本段的转折句，讲的是我现在很喜欢科学课程。选项B与本段对应。Task221.【解析】题干的中心词是“schoolteacher。第一段第一句提到，通常，当人们决定当老师时，他们会上大学，获得学位，并在学校找到工作。选项E符合题意。22.【解析】题干的中心词是“goesout”。根据第二段第二、三句可知，库克夫人为了教学材料经常外出。选项F符合题意。23.【解析】题干的中心词是“extrahelp”。根据第段第四句可知，她对迟钝的学生表现出特别的关心，放学后经常帮助他们。选项C符合题意。24.【解析】题干的中心词是“takeMrs.Cookas”。根据第四段最后一句可知，我们全班把老师当做我们的榜样。选项D符合题意。25.【解析】题干的中心词是“lucky”。根据最后一段最后两句可知，我很幸运库克夫人是我的老师。选项B符合题意。第四部分:填句补文（第26~30题，每题2分，共10分）26.E27.F28.A29.D30.C26.【解析】空格后一句的“Healsohadhelp”表明前面得到了某人的帮助，故有also存在。故选E。27.【解析】空格后一句有个then，那么前必然有个“firstofall”与之相对应。故选F。28.【解析】空格前五句描述了主人公十天不睡觉慢慢变疯的过程。故选A。29.【解析】空格后一句的意思是，这样比“睡觉但没有食物”死的快得多。表明前一句应该与后一句做相反对照，故前一句是不睡觉。故选D30.【解析】空格前描述了老鼠两种状态下的身体状况，最终都是恶化。故选C。第五部分:填词补文（第31~40题，每题1.5分，共15分）31.I32.K33.A34.H35.B36E37.D38.G39.L40.J31.【解析】空格后是介词up，后加名词language语言。Pickuplanguage翻译为学习语言。故选I。32.【解析】backgroundknowledge背景知识，固定搭配。故选K33.【解析】该空格所在句句意为有了孩子你可以跟他们谈谈你在做什么，这样他们就可以把名称和实物联系在一起。故选A34.【解析】该空格所在句句意为当孩子开始说话、提问时，他会指着物品