梅毒英文专题知识讲座

梅毒SyphilisThefirstdiscoveredvenerealdisease第1页Whatissyphilis?Treponema-pallidum（苍白密螺旋体）Syphilis

is

a

sexually

transmitted

infection

caused

by

the

bacterium

Treponema[ˌtrepə'ni:mə]

pallidum['pæli:dəm]

subspecies

pallidum.The

signs

and

symptoms

of

syphilis

vary

depending

in

which

of

the

four

stages

it

presents

(primary,

secondary,

latent,

and

tertiary)第2页routeoftransmissionSyphilisistransmittedprimarilybysexualcontactorduring

pregnancy

fromamothertoherfetus;thespirochete（螺旋体）isabletopassthroughintactmucousmembranes(完整旳粘膜）orcompromisedskin（受损旳皮肤）.第3页SymptomTheprimarystageclassicallypresentswithasinglechancre(afirm,painless,non-itchyskinulceration)buttheremaybemultiplesores.第4页Insecondarysyphilisadiffuserashoccurs,whichfrequentlyinvolvesthepalmsofthehandsandsolesofthefeet.Theremayalsobesoresinthemouthorvagina.第5页Inlatentsyphilis,whichcanlastforyears,therearelittletonosymptoms,butinfactit’spotentiallycorradingyourbody.Intertiarysyphilistherearegummas

(softnon-cancerousgrowths),neurological,orheartsymptoms.第6页What’stheorigin?Theexactoriginofsyphilisisdisputed.SyphiliswasdefinitelypresentintheAmericasbeforeEuropeancontact,

anditmayhavebeencarriedfromtheAmericastoEuropebythereturningcrewmenfrom

ChristopherColumbus’svoyagetothe

Americas;Columbopetitionedthequeen

—EmanuelLeutze第7页NaplessicknessFrenchDiseasePolishdiseaseChristiandisease第8页PortugaldiseaseGuangdongsoreChinasore第9页Ivanandhisson

——IlyaYafimovichRepinKingHenryVIII第10页Howcanwecureit?Guaiacumofficinale(药用俞创树)制备治疗梅毒旳俞创木

---JohannesStradanus第11页Mercury（水银）Arsenic（砒霜）第12页Potassiumiodide（碘化钾）第13页ThefirstwonderdrugPaulEhrlich（1854—1915）

Salvarsan（砷凡纳明）第14页NowadaysPenicillin第15页HowcanwepreventsyphilisVaccine

Asof2023,thereisnovaccineeffectiveforprevention.Severalvaccinesbasedontreponemal[ˌtrepə'ni:mə]proteinsreducelesiondevelopmentinananimalmodel,andresearchisongoing.第16页SexCondomusereducesthelikelihoodoftransmissionduringsex,butdoesnotcompletelyeliminatetherisk.

The

CentersfordiseaseControlandPrevention

states,"Correctandconsistentuseoflatex

condoms

canreducetheriskofsyphilisonlywhentheinfectedareaorsiteofpotentialexposureisprotected.However,asyphilissoreoutsideoftheareacoveredbyalatexcondomcanstillallowtransmission,socautionshouldbeexercisedevenwhenusingacondom."Abstinencefromintimatephysicalcontactwithaninfectedpersoniseffectiveatreducingthetransmissionofsyphilis.TheCDCstates,"Thesurestwaytoavoidtransmissionofsexuallytransmitteddiseases,includingsyphilis,istoab