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专业名称动力工程及工程热物理:PowerEngineeringandEngineeringThermophysics工程热物理:ThermalPhysicsofEngineering•动力工程:PowerEngineering;DynamicEngineering热能工程:ThermalEngineering(ThermalEnergyEngineering制冷与低温工程:RefrigerationandCryogenic[(kraia'd3EniklEngineering流体机械及工程:FluidMechanicsandEngineering热能动力工程:ThermalEnergyandDynamicEngineering能源与动力工程学院:SchoolofEnergyandPowerEngineering热力学thermodynamics.adiabaticprocess[,asdio'baetik]绝热过程.aerodynamics[ieroodai'naemiks]空气动力学,空气动力学专家,n,adj空气动力学的.buoyancy['boionsi,'bujon-]浮升力.compressibility压缩性.gasdynamics气体动力学.hydraulics[hai'dn)liks]水力学.hydrostatics],haidrg'slaeliks]流体静力学.opensystem开口系统.reversibleprocess]。'v/snbol]可逆过程.thermodynamicsequilibrium],ikwg'hbriom]热力平彳野.viscous['viskos]粘性的.inviscid[m'visid]无粘性的.thermodynamics、thermodynamicproperty热力学、热力性质.entropy['entropi悯.enthalpy[en*03elpi]^intemalenergy内能.potentialenergy势能.kineticenergy动能.work功.mechanical/shaftwork机械功/轴功.flowwork流动功.specificvolume比容24.cycle循环25.Saturatedtemperature/pressure/liquid/vapor「sae仔sreitid]饱和温度/压力/液体/蒸汽26.subcooledliquid过冷液体27.quality(蒸汽干度28.drysaturatedvapor干饱和蒸汽29.superheatedvapor过热蒸汽.thefirst/secondlawofthermodynamics热力学第一/二定律.thelawoftheconservationofenergy能量守恒定律.reversible/irreversibleprocess可逆/不可逆过程.pressuredrop压降.heatexchanger热交换器.entropyproduction嫡产[Wntrpi].coefficientofperformance性能系数.refrigeratingcapacity/effect制冷量.Carnotcycle卡诺循环/nit/.refrigeratingefficiency制冷效率.equationofstate状态方程41.idealgasconstant理想气体常数42.isotherm等温线43.triplepoint三相点45.cryogenic低温学[,krai'd^enik]least-squarefitting最小二乘法specificheat/specificheatcapacity比热/比热容.azeotropicmixture共沸混合物zi:'tropik].zeotropicmixture非共沸混合物.dewpoint(temperature露点(温度[dju:point][dupoint].isentropiccompression/process等嫡压缩/过程[aisenlropik].condenser冷凝器.evaporalor蒸发器.expansionvalve膨胀阀.throttlingvalve节流阀.compressor压缩机.compressordisplacement压缩机排气量.volumetricefficiency容积效率59.single-stage/two-stage/double-stage/compoundcompression单/双级压缩60.intercool/intercooler中间冷却(器61.intermediatepressure中间压力62.pressureratio压力比insulatingmate®温材料流体力学.流体力学fluidmechanics.动力粘度absolute/dynamicviscosity.速度梯度velocitygradient英[gredint凑[gredint].运动粘度kinematicviscosity英[kn'mtk]美[kn'mtk]英[vskst]美[vskasti]5|白努力方程BernouHiEquation英[bnu:liikwein].体积流量volumetricflowrate.质量流量massflowrate.层流laminarflow.紊流turbulence/turbulentflow.雷诺数Reynoldsnumber.摩擦力friction/frictionalforce.摩擦系数coefficientoffriction.微分方程differentialequation.阻力dragfor豉resistance.阻力系数dragcoefficient传热学.热传递heattransfer.热传导thermalconduction.热对流thermalconvection.热辐射thermalradiation.层流底层laminarsublayer.过渡层bufferlayer,缓冲区或人,bufferdinner自助餐buffet英[bAfitl.强迫对流forcedconvection.自然/自由对流natural/freeconvection.稳态导热steady-stateconduction.导热系数thermalconductivity.热阻thermalresistance.(总传热系数(overallheattransfercoefficient.表面积surfacearea.串联series系列.并联parallel英「p&rolel]并行,Parallelcomputing并行计算.接触热阻contactthermalresistance.(对数平均温差(logarithmicmeantemperaturedifference[.loga^idmik].顺流parallelflow.逆流counterflow.相变phasechange.冷库coldstorage热库thermalreservoir/heatbath.边界条件boundarycondition.黑体辐射blackbodyradiation.辐射力emissivepower.维恩位移定律Wien9sdisplacementLaw26.半球发射率hemisphericalemittance[.hemi'sfenkl].吸收率absorptance英[nb'so:ptnns]28.透射率transmittancetnens,mims]n.播送;发射;传动;透明度;29.反射率reflectance.漫射辐射diffuseradiation.(充分发展的层流/紊流fullydevelopedlaminar/turbulentflow湿空气.湿空气学psychrometries.干空气dryair.湿空气moistair.大气压barometricpressure.热力学温标thermodynamictemperaturescale.含湿量humidityratio.比熔specificenthalpy英[en*0aelpi].比烯specificentropy英[entrpi].绝对湿度absolutehumidity.饱和含湿量saturationhumidityratio英[s赳freijh]英[reipu].相对湿度relativehumidity.热力学湿球温度thermodynamicwet-bulbtemperature.分压力partialpressure.总压totalpressure.通用气体常数universalgasconstant16.湿球/干球温度dry-bulb/wet-bulbtemperature17.蛤湿图psychrometricchart制冷空调集中/分散供冷central/decentralizedcooling英[difsentrlaizd]锅炉boiler往复/螺杆/离心/涡旋式压缩机/冷水机组reciprocating/helicakotary(或screw/centrifugal/scrollcompressor/waterchillerunit吸收式制冷/冷水机组absorptionrefrigeration/waterchillerunit热回收heatreclaim/recovery冷却塔coolingtower空气/水冷却冷凝器air-cooled/water-cooledcondenser蒸发式冷凝器ev叩orativecondenser净正吸入压力/压头netpositivesuctionpressure/head.供/回干管mainsupply/returnline.二/三通阀two/three-wayvalve.平衡阀balancingvalve.一次/二次冷冻水系统primary/secondarychilledwatersystem.备用泵sparepump.疏水器、存水弯、水封trap.水/冰蓄冷water/icethermalstorage.空气/水/地源热泵air/water/groundsourceheatpump.定/变风量constant/variableairvolume.经济器economizer.静/动压static/dynamicpressure.毛细管capillarytube英[k'pilri].全封闭压缩机hermeticallysealed/hermeticcompressor英[h3:'metik].半封闭式压缩机semi-hermetic/semi-hermeticallysealedcompressor.直接膨胀directexpansion.离心/轴流式风机centrifugal/axialfan英Oksi1].立管riser英['raiz].内/外平衡式热力膨胀阀internally/externallyequalizedthermostaticexpansionvalve.吸/排气管suction/dischargeline.电磁阀solenoidvalve美「solmid].恒压阀constantpressurevalve.迎风面积/速度facearea/velocity.(一拖多分体式空调器airconditioner.水环热泵waterloopheatpump.能效比energyefficiencyratio.变容压缩/压缩机positivedisplacementcompression/compressor.速度/动压式压缩/压缩机velocity/dynamiccompression/compressor.流量系数flowcoefficient.水锤waterhammer.闸阀gatevalve.球阀ballvalve.蝶阀butterflyvalve.平衡阀balancingvalve.安全阀safety/reliefvalven.救济;减轻,解除;安慰;浮雕.止回阀check/backflowpreventionvalveboiler锅炉.airheater空气预热器.auxiliary辅助的,辅机[o:g'ziliri].baretube光管.blast[英][bla:st]鼓风.blowdown排污.capacity[英][k'paesti]出力.cogenerator热电联产机组.compressor压缩机.combustion燃烧.condenser凝汽器.counterflow逆流.criticalpressure临界压力.dieseloil柴油gasoline,gaslene,gas,petro(英,汽油©drainage疏水、排水设备,排水系统.drum汽包.economizer[^][i:*kDnmaiz]省煤器.excessair[英][ik'ses]过量空气.extendedsurface扩展受热面19fn鳍片、肋片、散热片、翅片.fluegas烟气.fluid(-bed流化床(fluidizedbed[英]['flu:idaizd.furnace炉膛.fouling污垢,击球出界(羽毛球[英]「faul皿.generator发电机.header联箱、集箱,集管.hopper[英][hop(r]斗、料斗.mil1磨煤机(pulverizer[英]「pAlvraiz].motor汽车、马达、电动机.platen屏、管屏[美]['plaetn].Prandtlnumbers普朗特数.pressureloss压力损失.regenerator回热器,蓄热器,再生器[英北n'd3en,reit].Reynoldsnumbers雷诺数34.slag结渣美[slaeg]35.sootblower吹灰器美[su:tbTur]steamlineblowing蒸汽管路吹洗superheater过热器.turbine汽轮机.suction真空,负压steamturbine蒸汽轮机.gasturbine燃气轮机.backpressure背压.blower送风机、吹灰器.boundarylayer边界层.chimney英[\fimni]烟囱、烟道、烟筒.coolinglower冷却水塔.coupling连接,连接法兰,耦合.criticalspeed临界转速.cylinder圆筒、汽缸.head汽包封头、扬程、水头impeHer叶轮、推进器、压缩器.largeturbine-generatorunit大型汽轮发电机组.non-destructivetesting(NDT无损检验.digital-controlledmachine数控机床.fixedblade固定叶片,导向叶片.operationalspeed运行转速.outingcasing夕卜缸nnercasing内缸58.rigidcoupling刚性连轴器solidcoupling59.rotor转子6O.stressconcentration应力集中.two-shiftoperation两班制运行.wake尾流ThermalPowerPlant:热电厂.automaticcontrolsystem:自动控制系统.boilerfeedpump:锅炉给水泵feedpump:给7K泵.chamber:燃烧室/ei/.circulatingwater:循环水.checkvalve:止回阀,逆止阀.non-returnvalve:逆止阀,止回阀.controllingvalve:控制阀,调节阀.coolingwater(CW:冷却水.cycleefficiency:循环效率.dataprocessingsystem:数据处理系统1l.de-aerator[英]『eireit]除氧器.de-aeratortank:除氧水箱.desuperheater:减温器.desuperheaterspraywater:喷水减温.drainpump:疏水泵.full・load:满负荷.governingsystem:调速系统(governing:调节,调整.heat-transfercoefficient:换热系数.isolatingvalve:隔离阀20.1oadrejection:甩(抛负荷.mainsteam:主汽.motorizedisolatingvalve:电动隔离阀23.lubricatingoil:润滑油24.nuclearplant:核电厂25.orifice:[orifis]?L,口,孔板.pipework:管路.powerstation:电厂.pressurereducingvalve:减压装置.reliability:安全性,可靠性.reliefvalve:安全阀.runningspeed:运行转速.sealing:密封,封闭,焊封.self-sealing:§密封的34.stainlesssteel:不锈钢35.stopvalve:断流阀,截止阀36.strainer:滤盆,滤器,滤网,拉紧装置37.supercriticalplant:超临界机组38.synchronizer:英]「snjkrnaiz]同步器,同步机,同步装置.throttle:节流阀[美]/'。皿山喉咙,气管,vt.&vi.扼杀,压制;勒死,使窒息;使节流.turbine-generatorunit:汽轮发电机组.ultra-supercritical:超超临界英][Altr][美]「Altr].vacuum:真空.vent:通道,通风口.actuator:/aiktjueite/执行机构.brake:闸,制动器.damper:[美]「daempr]挡板,调节风门.distributedcontrolsystem(DCS分散控制系统.dislurbance:干扰,扰动.feedbackcontrol:反馈控制.forceddraught(FDfan:送风机[英]dra:ft/.furnacepurge:炉膛吹扫.governorvalve:调节阀induceddraught(IDfan:弓|风机.make-uppump:补水泵.overheating:过热,超温56.preamp:前置放大器/'priasmp/57.primaryairfan:一次风机58.sensor:传感器59.shutdown:停机,停炉,停运,关机关闭;倒闭,停工,停业,停播。60.slowdown:减速61.startup:启动.transfbrmer:/tr£ens'fo:m(r/变压器.trip:跳闸,旅行,出行,使犯错误,绊倒.hotstart:热态启动.warmstarl:暖态启动,半热态启动inadvertenttrip:误动作[美][jnd'v:tn:t]adj不经意的,出于无心的;疏忽的,漫不经心的;粗心大意;intemalcombustionengine:内燃机.alternator:交流发电机.bearing:轴承;bear忍受.compressionratio:压缩比,压缩率.dieselengine:柴油机.piston:活塞.reactionengine:喷气式发动机.reciprocatingengine:/n,sipr,keitiq]往复式发动机,往复的,来回的,交替的.sparkplug:火花塞.stroke:冲程,行程.vibrate:振动,摇摆[美]]vai,bret/.commissioning:[k'mijnq]试车,试运行,启动.grid:电网.megawatt:[megwa:t]兆瓦特.airconditioning:空调.absorbent:吸收剂,能吸收的,.absorptionrefrigeration:吸收式制冷.ambient:周围的.centrifugalcompressor/sentrifjugaol]/:离心式压缩机.reciprocatingcompressor彳主复式压缩机.rotarycompressor:/roteri/涡旋式压缩机.screwcompressor:螺杆式压缩机.condenser:冷凝器.coolingcoil:[英][koil]冷去[]盘管heatingcoil:力口热盘管.evaporator:蒸发器.expansionvalve:膨胀阀93fIter:[英][filt⑴过滤器.HVAC(heating,ventilationandairconditioning:英[ventile炉n]供热,通风与空调.hotwaterboiler:热水锅炉.humidity:湿度,潮湿,湿气.induceddraft:弓|风.moisture:潮湿,湿气.naturalconvection:自然对流.returnduct:回风管道.returnoutlet:回风风口.reversingvalve:换向阀.supplyduct:送风管道.supplyoutlet:送风风口l()5.ventilation:通风英LventTle®]l()6.fuelcell:燃料电池l()7.geothermal:/ji(:outhermal]/地热1()8.intensity:强度.renewableenergy:可再生能源1lO.solarpower:太阳能111.tidalenergy:潮汐能[美]/'taidl/112.velocity:速度113.windmill:风车114.1imestone:/laimslone/石灰石115.dessication:/e/干燥116.scrubber:洗涤塔117.sorbent:吸附剂1stlaxial「史ksi1]轴向的2blade[bleid]叶片3case/casing[keis]壳体4centrifugal[sen'triQug1]离心的5chamber[4t|eimb]室6diffuser[di4fju:z]扩压器7discharge[dis,®:d3]流量;排出,卸货8draft[dra:用吸出,通风9generator[4d3enreit]发电机水(力的lOhydraulic/hydrofhai'dro:1ik]llimpelle巾m,pel]叶轮,推进器12machinery[mJi:nri]机械13mixed-flow混流的顺流14parallelflow/concurrentflow逆流15counterflow/reverseflow16crossflow(cross-flow交叉流17passage「psesid3]流道18pressure[€pref]压力19pump[pAmp]泵20runner[4rAn]转轮,叶轮,流道,赛跑者21rotor[€rut]转子22shaft[「a:fU传动轴23spiral[4spair1]螺旋形的24stator[4steit]定子25suction[lSAkfn]吸入(出26turbine「t:bain]水轮机,透平,涡轮机27tubular「Uu:bjul]管状的28vane[vein]叶片29volute[v€lju:t]螺旋形,涡形的,蜗壳30wheel[hwi:l]水轮31wicket]'w汰it]导叶;小闸门32Axial/mixed-flow/centrifugal/volutepump轴流/混流/离心/旋流泵33Kaplan/Francis/bulb/tubular/Peltonturbine轴流(转桨式,卡普兰/混流/灯泡/贯流/水斗(冲击式水轮机34Hydraulicmachinery/pump/turbine水力机械/水泵/水轮机35Pumpturbine水泵水轮机36Spiral/volutecasing蜗壳37Volute/runnerchamber蜗壳室/转轮室38Drafttube/bend/cone/elbow尾水管/弯管/泄水锥/肘管39elbow肘/弯头/弯管40draftfan引风机cone圆锥,锥41Diffuservane扩压叶片42Diffusingpassage扩压流道43Stayvane固定导叶44Wicketgate活动导叶45Pressure/suctionside压力/吸力侧46Suctioneye吸入孑L47Suctionheight吸出高度48Volutesuction涡形吸入室49Volutethroal蜗壳喉部50Volutetongue蜗壳隔舌2nd1Cascade[kaes*keid]叶栅2Lift/resistance[ri*zistns]force升力/阻力3Pitch(wise节距(方向的4Span(wise翼展(方向的5Stream(wise流线(方向的6Chord[lo:d]弦,弦长7Chordlength弦长8Chord-spacingratio叶栅稠密度9Velocitytriangle速度三角形10Absolute/relativevelocity绝对/相对速度IPeripheraHpoYiforol]/Circumferential[so^mfaYenjol]velocity圆周速度peripheral,外围的,次要的;Circumferential:圆周的12Tangential[taen'd3enJbll/axial/radialvelocity切向/轴向/径向速度[英]「reidiol]13Velocitycirculation速度环量14Meridional[m^ridionoljchannel子午(轴面流道15Meridionalvelocily子午(轴面速度16Angularvelocity['aeijgjub]角速度17Revolutionspeed]jevo'lujon]转速18Specificspeed[spi'sifik]比转速19Bladeangle叶片安放角20Flowangle水流角21Incidence/attackangle入射角/攻角22Tipclearance叶片外缘间隙,外径间隙,齿顶间隙23Inlet/outletedge进出口边3rd&4thHead水头2Cavitation空化,空穴,气蚀3Cavitationerosion/damage空蚀英Lk&vi'teybni'rou;pn]4Sanderosion泥沙磨损5Eddy/vortex涡英「edi]/「vo:teks]6Vortexcore涡带7Opening开度8No/over/partialload空载/过载/部分载荷9Hydraulicthrust水推力lOPressurepulsation[pAl'seiJh]压力脉动脉搏,悸动,脉动ITorque/moment转矩/力矩瞬间,时刻;英止:k]重要,紧要;[物]力矩12Viscosity粘度美[vi'skasiti]13Dynamic动力学(的14Kinematic运动学(的[,kini'maet汰]15Vibration振动16Transient[4traensint]瞬态的17Resonance[4reznns]共振18Amplitude[岳mphlju:d]幅值英19Frequency频率20Waterhammer水锤21Power/output功率/出力22Operatingcondition工况23Runaway飞逸逃走的,逃亡的;私奔的;失去控制的24Characteristic特性25Performance性能26Rated定价的,额定的英[Yeitid]27Inertia[iun:Ji]惯性28Penstock英「penstnk]压力钢管、水阀门、水渠6th1Continuousmedium连续介质2Body/Surfaceforce体积力/表面力3Compressible[km'presbl]可压缩的4Capillarity[,ksepi'kerti]毛细(管现象5Surfacetension表面张力6Fluiddynamics/kinematics流体动力学/运动学7Aerodynamics[,8rudai'nae空气动力学miks]8Statics英「staetiks]静力学Conservationofmass质量守恒[,konsfve(fn]lOEuler/Lagrangefl'greid3]欧拉/拉格朗日11Streamline/surface/tube流线/流面/流管12Palhline迹线13Steady/Unsteady定常/非定常14Integral/Differential积分/微分[,difTenJ1]15Material随体导数derivative[di4rivtiv]16Divergence[dai*v ns]散度convergence收敛17Curl旋度,卷曲18Bemoulliequation[b:'nu:li]伯努利方程19Irrotationalflow无旋流[,什WteiJn1]20Potentialflowfpu'enj1]有势流21Velocitypotential速度势22Streamfunction流函数23Complexpotential复势['kompleks]24Vorticity[v3:'tisti]涡量25Vortexdynamics涡动力学26Singlephaseflow单相流27Axisymmetric轴对称流flow[,eeksisi4metrik]28Constitutive['k9nstitju:tiv]本构方程equation29Tensor英「tens(H张量3()Strainrate应变率31Normalstress正应力32Shearstress剪切应力33Newtonian[nju:'tunin]牛顿流体fluid34Themiodynamics[,0:mudai热力学'naemiks]35Definitecondition定解条件36Initialcondition初始条件37Boundarycondition边界条件38Adhesioncondition粘附条件[英]dhi:3n]39Noslipcondition无滑移条件40Rotation有旋性41Dissipation[disi^eijn]耗散性42Diffusivity[,difju:sivti]扩散性43Similaritylaw相似律44Geometricsimilarity几何相似45Mechanicalsimilitude力学相似Mechanicssimilarity46Dimensionless/Non-dimensi无量纲onal47Reynolds[*renldz]number雷诺数48Froude[fru:dlnumber弗劳德数49Strouhal[struhael]number斯特劳哈尔数50Euler/Machnumber欧拉数/马赫数51Modeltest模型试验52Turbulence[,t:bjulns]湍流53Laminar「laemin]层流54Statistical[st'tistik1]统计理论theory55Ensemble[er)4s3r)bl]集合平均average56Turbulentkinetic[kifnetik]湍动能energy57Producingrate生成率58Dissipationrate耗散率59Turbulivity[t:bju'liviti]湍流度60Reynoldsstress雷诺应力61Transportequation输运方程62Isotropy[ai'sotrpi]各向同性63Energyspectrum「spektnm]能谱64Turbulentclosedmode湍流封闭模式65Wallfunction壁面函数66Eddyviscositymodel涡粘模型67Coherent[kou'hioront]拟序(相干结构structure68Boundarylayer边界层69Adversepressuregradient逆压梯度/反压力梯度70Viscousfriction[英][viskos,frikjsn]粘性摩阻71Reverseflow回流72Perfectgas理想气体idealgas73Stateequation状态方程74Density/Temperature密度/温度75Gasconstant/konstnnt]气体常数76Heatconduction[konyAkJbn]热传导77Specificheatcapacity/ratio比热容/比热比78Internalenergy内能79Enthalpy[en40aslpi]^80Entropy[€entrpi]嫡81Adiabatic[,aedi'bastik]绝热的82Isentropy[4isentrpi]等嫡83Acoustic[€ku:stik]velocity声速84Subsonic/Transonic/Supersonic/Hypersonic压/跨/超/高超音速85Stagnation[st«g4neijh]滞止86Criticalparameter临界参数87Velocitycoefficientf,kuffijntl速度系数88Shockwave激波89Compressionwave压缩波90Anemometry[,史ni'momilri]测速法91Visco(simetry[vis,komitri]粘度测定法92Flowvisualization[,vizjulai'zeifn]流动显示930ilsmoke/filmvisualization油烟/油膜显示940rifice[,orifis]meter孔板流量计95Wind/watertunnel风/水洞96Shocktube激波管97Towing[*tuir)]tank拖拽水池98Rotatingarmbasin[*beisn]旋臂水池99Pressuretap英[taep]测压孔1()()Manometer[m'nomit]压力计101Anemometer],seni'momit]流速计102Velocimetry[,ve,lsimitri]速度测量学103LaserDopplerf'dopl]Velocimetry多普勒激光测速法104ParticleImageVelocimetry粒子图像测速法105Flowmeter流量计106Vorticitymeter涡量计107Sensor/transducer传感器[traenz^djurs]108Continuity[,konti4nju:iti]连续性方程equation109Momentum/energyequation动量/能量方程[英][m'mentm]110Nonlinear[non4lini]非线性111Partialdifferentialequation偏微分方程112Convectiondiffusion对流扩散方程equation113DirectNumericalSimulation直接数值模拟114Finitedifferencemethod有限差分法115Finitevolumemethod有限体积法116Finiteelementmethod有限元法117Conservationform守恒形式118Grid/meshgeneration网格生成119(UnStructuredgrid(非结构化网格12()Gridindependence网格无关性121Differencescheme差分格式122Secondorderaccuracy二阶精度123Elliptic[i4liptik]equation椭圆型方程124Parabolic[,paer4bolik]equation抛物型方程125Hyperbolic[,haip'bolik]equation双曲型方程Consistency[kn'sistnsi]condition相容条件127Implicit[im4plisit]scheme隐式格式Explicit[ik'splisit]scheme129Residual[ri,zidjugl]残差130Parallelf'paerolel]computing并行计算131Cluster「klASto]机群Pre/postprocessNormalMaihematicalSymbolsandReadings1/2 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