Unit3Computers重点词汇讲解

Unit3Computers重点词汇讲解solve/sɔlv/vtfindthesolutionto(aproblemorquestion)orunderstandthemeaningof 解答，解决HefinallysolvedthedifficultyoftransportationIbelieveinyourabilitytosolvetheproblem.扩展:solution/sə’lu:ʃən/n解答，解决eq\o\ac(○,2)溶液溶解solvent/’sɔlvənt/adjn有溶解力的，溶剂dissolve/di’zɔlv/v (使)溶解,结束Thesolutiontotheproblemrequiredmanyhours.Whatdoyousupposeistherightsolution?Aswaterisauniversalsolvent,manydifferentcompoundsaredissolvedinit.Theydissolvedtheirmarriage.比较：answer，explain,workout,dealwith,figureout,puzzleout,这几个词都有解决，解答之意，但各有侧重answer:常与question搭配，指口头回答比较简单的问题就，或者指答复，回应Iaskedhimaquestionbuthewouldnotanswer.Heansweredthatheknewnothingaboutit.Threefirecompaniesansweredthealarmexplain:着重指通过详细说明解答UFOsareoftenexplainedassupernatural.Heexplainedhowthemachinewasused.workout：指算出，常用语数学，与problem搭配：或指制定出（计划等），或产生结果Theareacaneasilybeworkedoutifyouknowthelengthandthebreadth.Thisproblemwillnotworkout. Arewerequiredtoworkoutaplantoday? Everythinghasworkedoutaccordingtoplan.dealwith: 指处理，应对，常用于人，事，等比较困难的事Wehavetodealwithmanydifficulties.Becareful.Sheisverydifficulttodealwith.Therearemanydifficultiestobedealtwithwhenstartinganewbusiness.figureout: 指计算出，弄明白（figure有数字，图表的意思）Pleasehelpmetofigureoutmyincometax.Wemustfigureouthowtosolvetheproblem.Ican'tfigureoutwhathewassuggesting.puzzleout: 指推测出，（puzzle难题，迷惑）It'sgoodforstudentstopuzzlethingsoutforthemselves.Samspenttheafternoontryingtopuzzleoutwhathadgonewrongwithhiscar.from…on 从……时开始；从……时以后Fromthenonherefusedtotalkaboutit.Wemuststudyevenhardfromnowon.asaresult 结果,因此,表示原因和结果。Asaresulthewasgivenanexcellentjob.Asaresulttheunemploymentratebegantorise.asaresultofsth意为“由于…的原因”，其后跟名词后名词性短语，但不跟句子。Asaresultofautomobilepollution,theairqualityinmostmajorcitieshasfallen.Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow.so…that… 如此……以至于……引导结果状语从句有以下结构:SO+adj/advthatSo+many/fewn（pl）thatSo+much/littlen（U）that如：ThehouseissoexpensivethatIcan’taffordit.TherearesomanypeoplethatIcan’tgetinthebus.explore/s’lɔ:/vtotravelintoorthrough(aplace)forthepurposeof discovery探索;;探测;研究（仔细检查某一主题或问题）Assoonastheyarrivedinthetowntheywentouttoexplore.Wemustexploreallthepossibilities.exploration/eksplɔ:’reiʃən/nTheyoungscientistsencounteredmanydifficultiesduringtheirexploration.比较：expedition/ekspidiʃən/n（thepeople,vehicles,etc,goingon），a（long）journeyfor acertainpurpose人，车等有目的的远征，探险Withhundredsofpeoplewavinghandsandsayinggoodbye,ChinesescientistsleftShanghaiSundaymorningforthecountry's26thscientificexpeditiontotheAntarctica.Duringthetrip,twoexplorationteamswouldbesenttotheinnerlandofAbe/prəub/vtosearchorexamine（asif）withaprobe（探针，探测器）探查,探测Thebrainsurgeonaskedthenursetopasshimaprobe.TheCentralGovernmentappointedacommitteetoprobethecauseoftheExplosion.examine/iɡ’zæmin/vt.tolookat,inquireintoorconsider（apersonorthing）closelyandcarefully,inordertofindoutsth仔细的检查（人或物）;审查Theluggageiscloselyexaminedwhenyouenterthestation.Beforewedraftthecontract,let'sexaminethedetails.search/sə:tʃ/v（through,for）tolookat,throughintoetc,orexamine（aplaceorperson）carefullyandthoroughlytotrytofindsth.（在…中）搜查，查找，探求Youcan'tsearchmyhousewithoutasearchwarrant.Thesoldierswerecarryingouthouse-to-housesearches.research/ri’sə:tʃ/n（u，alsoreseaches）（in,,into,on）seriousanddetailedstudyofasubject,thatisaimedatlearningnewfacts,scientificlaws,testingideasetc研究，探讨Researchhasshownthatwomenlivelongerthanmen.Theyareresearchingon/intotheeffectsofcigarettesmoking.investigate/in’vestiɡeit/vtotrytofindoutmoreinformationabout;examinethereasonsforsth,thecharacterofsbect调查，侦查；探究Thepoliceareinvestigatingthecrime.Theysetupacommitteetoinvestigatethematter.区别explore和expedition都指远处为某一目的而探险，expedition多指专业的组织携带专门仪器，设施等probe多指借助探针或探测器，探测examine指通过询问等有目的的检查search指在某处寻找某人或物research指学术研究investigate指查找某事件的原因6.anyhow/’enihau/advinspiteofthat;anyway无论如何，不管怎样Hetoldmenottobuyit,butIboughtitanyhow.Itmayberiskybutwe'llchanceitanyhow.（Usedwhengoonastory,changingasubjectinconversationect）交谈中改变话题等，“总之，反正，不管怎样”“Well,anyhow,Ididit.”anyhow是副词，用于句尾比较：however即是副词，也是连词adv I'llcomehoweverbusyIam.Later,however,hemadeuphismindtogo.It'sraininghard.However,Istillwanttogothere.conjHoweveryourargue,Ishallholdmydecision.Iwillgobytrainbutyoucangohoweveryoulike.7.goal/ɡəul/neq\o\ac(○,1)球门；进球得分1）one’saimorpurpose;apositionorobjectonewishedtoreachorobtain 目的；目标Hekickedtheballintothegoal.Hescoredagoal.BrazilbeatFrancebytwogoalstoone.（巴西队以2︰1赢了法国队）Hergoalisaplaceatgovernment.Mostcompaniesdidn’tachievetheirgoalslastyear.比较：aimn（c）（of）thedesiredresultofone’sefforts;intentionorpurposeWhat’syouraimofinlife?Theprojectwassetupwiththeaimofhelpingyoungunemployedpeople.long-termaimsshort-termaimstargetnatotal,amount/objectwhichoneaimstoreach数字总额，目标IhavesetmyselfatargetofsavingRMB500.purposen（c）anintentionorplan;aperson’sreasonforanaction意向，意图，objectnpurpose;aimTheobjectoftheforeignminister'svisitistoimprovetherelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.objectiveanaim,esp.onethatmustbeworkedtowardsoveralongperiod；goalOurobjectiveistoachievefullemployment.Wehavesucceededinourmainobjectives.Whatwasthepurposeofhervisit?Doyoucomeovertoseeyourparents,orforbusinesspurpose?intentionn（c,u）aplanwhichonehas,purposeIhavenointentionofchangingmymind.Shefeltoffendedatmyremarks,butitwasn’tmyintention.endn（c）fullanaimorpurposeDotheendsjustifythemeans?只要目的正当就可以不择手段吗?这些名词均有"目标、目的"之意。aim从本义"靶子"引申而来，侧重比较具体而明确的目标,常与at搭配goal指经过考虑和选择，需经坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标。purpose普通用词，既指以坚决、审慎的行动去达到的目的，又指心中渴望要实际的目标。常用于onpurpose（故意）withthepurposeof/for(the)purposeof以...为目的end较正式用词，强调结果而非过程。常用短语：gainone'send/achieveone'send/winone'send达到目的,成功target指射击的靶，军事攻击目标。还可以指被攻击、批评或潮笑的目标。常用短语：bedeadonthetarget正中[正对着]目标hitatarget达到定额[指标],射中靶子missthetarget未射中靶子,未完成指标object强调个人或需求而决定的目标、目的。常用短语：attain/achieve/gain/succeedin/secureone'sobject达到目的failinone'sobject没有达到目的（noobject不在话下,不成问题）objective尤指长远目标8.humanrace人种，人类比较:world众人;世人;人类；世间;人间Keepquiet;wedon'twantthewholeworldtoknowaboutit.He'sveryyoungandinexperienced,anddoesn'tknowaboutthewaysoftheworld.mankind人类Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.The21thcenturyisimportantperiodforthemankind.humanity/hju:’mæniti/人，人类；人性Butthisdoesn'tmeanthatitwasthebestchoiceforhumanity.humankind人，人类Thebeliefthatthesolemoralobligationofhumankindistheimprovementofhumanwelfare.man人，人类Manhasbeentryingtocontrolnature.注：man指人类时，不用冠词，也不用复数形式men.Manmustchangeinachangingworld.Engelspointedoutahundredyearsagothatlabourcreatedmanhimself.mankind指人类时，也不用冠词，为不可数名词Mankindismuchclevererthanitwasonethousandyearsago.Thatisonesmallstepforaman,butonegiantleapformankind.humanbeing它是可数名词，有单复数之分。其意义比较具体，它一般用来区别人以外的事物Withoutitslightandwarmththerewouldbeneitherplantsnoranimalsnorhumanbeings.human常做形容词Thearchaeologistshavefoundseveralhumanskeletons.humanity指总称9.signjal/’siɡnəl/nsthintendedtowarn,command,orgiveamessage,suchasspecialsoundoraction信号，暗号Aredlightisoftenusedasadangersignal.Trafficpolicemakesignalswithhandsandarms.v1)（signalled,signalling）（to,for）togiveasignal发信号Wecansignalbywavinganupraisedarm,aflag,oralight,evensound+obj+to-v.Thepolicemansignalledthetraffictomoveforwardslowly.+（obj）thatThethiefsignalledhisfriendthatthepolicewerecoming2)tobeaclearsignorproofof,mark成为…的征兆，标志Smokingisnowsomethingofaclassindicator,sep-aratingtheworkersfromthemanagement.抽烟现在成了划分阶层的某种标志，用以区分工人和管理人员。adjverynoticeable;notordinary（正式）显著，明显的asignalachievementThemanagerhassignallyfailedtodealwiththismatter.比较：1)signn（C）（of）astandardmark;notice，amovementofthebody,orsthwhichisseenandrepresentagenerally-knownmeaning;symbol符号，记号,手势，姿势，标志，标记，告示，迹象等Weputafingertoourlipsasasigntobequiet.Payattentiontothetrafficsigns.Inpublicyoucanreadthesign,“NoSmoking!”signv1)towrite（one’sname）on（awrittenpaper）,esp.forofficialpurpose,toshowone’sagreement,showthatoneisthewriteetc.签名，签字Pleasesignhere.Hesignedthecheque.短语:signawaysth.签字放弃或让与某物Shesignedawayhershareintheproperty.Signoversth签字将（所有权，物等）转让或给予某人Thomashassignedhisfarmovertohisfriend.Signforsth签收Certainkindsofmailhavetobesignedforwhentheyaredelivered.Signin 签到signout签名离开，签名拿走 Visitorstothepartyshouldsigninatthereceptiondesk..Hewasthefirsttosignhimoutthatday.Signtosb向某人示意（以动作）Wesigntothewaitertobringusthebill.Signup （=signsbup）雇佣，使报名参加Therewasanattempttosignupmorepeopleforthecompany,butnotmanysignedup.注：sign指通俗的，共识的，或标准的符号，手势等，用以告知他人signal泛指一切告知他人的符号，手势，声音等2)Symbol/’simbəl/na)（for）aletter,sign,orfigurewhichexpressesasound,operation,number,chemicalsubstanceetc.符号，标记，记号‘H2O’isthesymbolforwater.b)（of）sthwhichrepresentsorsuggestssthelse,suchasanideaorquality象征Inthepicturethetreeisthesymboloflifeandthesnakethesymbolofevil.Thedoveisasymbolofpeace.symbolicadjsymbolizev3)emblem/’embləm/n（of）anobjectwhichisregardasthesignofsth,.ofacountry,agroup,oranidea.ThenationalemblemofEnglandisarose.emblematic/embli’mætik/（of）adj,Whitenessisemblematicofpurity.10.typen（C）（of）aparticularkin,class,orgroup,grouporclassofpeopleorthingsthatsharecertainqualitiesandaredifferentfromthoseoutsidethegrouporcall类，型，种，式Iboughtanewtypeofcamerayesterday.Macaroniisatypeofpasta.V1)techtofindoutthetypeofsth术语分类Thedoctorwasunabletotypetheraredisease.2)towritewithatypewriterorusingawordprocessor字机或文字处理机打字typescript打字稿typewriter打字机typesetting排字typesetter排字工typeface字体adjtypical/’tipikəl/11.inawayway（C）aparticularpointordetail(ofmanypossible)（多种可能的）某一点，某一种inaway在某种程度上insomeways在某些方面innoway绝不，一点也不Insomeways,it’squiteagoodidea,butthehighcostmakesitimpossible.Theresultshouldinnowaybeseenasavaccineineffective.Idon’tliketheho