语法运用升级版17备考专用-英语基础知识

第一篇基础知识第一节字母1.262.英文字母分为元音字母和辅音字母。AaEe,Ii,Oo,Uu5元音字母，除Yy外其他20为辅音字母。Yy为半元音字母.a,e,i(y),o,48音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher,语中有20个元音。单元音有12个：/i:/ /a:/ /u:/双元音有8个 /כI/ /Iə//εə/2811：/p//t//k//f//s//θ//h//t∫//tr//ts/浊辅音有17个 /g/ /dr/ /m/ /ŋ /w/开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebike;b)辅音+元音he,go,闭音节：a)bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)it第二 语法知识梳10一 名名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：motherpanda熊library pencil铅笔wish愿（1）1专有名词表示特定的人或事物的名称。如：MrGreen先生theSpringFestival春节 theGreatWall Britain英国2普通名词是不属于特定的人或事物名称的词。普通名词又分为名词和体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。名词，如：radio（广播），watch（手康）(2)1式。如：abananatwobananas2抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词一般都是不可数名词。如：milk牛奶iceideaFrancefish（不可数）fish（可数）chicken（不可数）chicken（可数（1）加- book-s\sh\x\ch加-bus-buseswatch-yy为i以ffeffe为vhalf-halveswife-o加 或photo-photospiano-zoo-zoostomato-tomatoes在/p//t//k/cakesdesks在/s//z//t∫//dз/busesclassesbananaszoos(2) mouse-micechild- sheep-sheepdeer-deerfish-fishChinese-Chinese词，要表示“一”这个概念，我们可以用“a+of+名词”的形式。如：aglassofwater一杯水acupoftea一提示：这种形式也可以用于可数名词，但名词必须用复数形式。如：abasketofapplesfivebasketsoftomatoes五篮子西红柿提示：这种形式也可以用于可数名词，但名词必须用复数形式。如：abasketofapplesfivebasketsoftomatoes五篮子西红柿加是’s。如Grandma’shouse的房子myparents’car我父母的在名词末尾加Nancy’stheteachers’特殊复数名词（在名词末尾加Children’s加’sJimandHenlen’smother（）加’sJim’s Henlen’s（两人各自的Wewillgotomysister’sfordinnerthis今天下 去我姐姐家吃饭Let barber’ 如果名词代表的事物是没有生命的，常与组成短语来表示其所有It’samapofChina.ThenameofthecartoonisCinderella. 答案 3. 8.二 翻译下列词1.2.许多 3.三袋大4.五篮子鸡 5四位女教6.八棵苹果 7七张老太太的8.一个朋答案1.theGreatWall 2.many/alotofsheep 3.threebagsof4.fivebasketsofeggs 5.fourwomenteachers 6.eightappletrees7.sevenphotosofanoldwoman 8.afriendofhers1.pencil-12.14. Myfatherisa .Heworksinahospital.A.teacherB.doctorC.farmerD.soldierWeneedsome .CanyougoandgetsomeA.potatoB.potatosC.potatoesD.aInthepicturethereare and A.sheep;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheeps;foxD.sheep;Let’smeetat7:30outsidethegate A.thePeople’sParkB.thePeoples’ParkC.thePeopleParkD.People’sParkTherearesixty- inourA.women’steacherB.womenteachersC.womenteachersD.womenThisshopsellsapples,bananasandthingslikethese.It’s A.foodshopB.bookshopC.fruitshopD.vegetableSeptember10th inA.Teacher’sDayB.Teachers’DayC.TeacherDayD.TeachersThefootballunderthebed A.SuHaiandLiuTao B.SuHai’sandLiuTao’sC.SuHai’sandLiuTao D.SuHaiandLiuTao’s.Thepostofficeisabitfarfromhere.It’s A.thirtyminutes’s B.thirtyminute’sC.thirtyminutes D.thirtyminutes bigandA.Theclassroomwindow B.ThewindowoftheclassroomC.Theclassroom’swindowsD.ThewindowsoftheclassroomArethere (child)playingintheHere’re (milk)forDanielalwayswearsapairof (glass)andhelooksWedotoomuch ()everydaysowehavenotimetoIt’sSundayandthereareso (people)intheYoushouldbrush (tooth)atleasttwiceeveryBeijing I’mhungry.Pleasegive （面包Arethese（你父母的 Ivisited（） lastyear.It’sreally （TomMike）arenew.TheyboughtthemlastSaturday.Youcan （一些苹果树）inthe（和南希的桌子）isvery（她们的椅子）arevery（1）Wehavefriendsallovertheworld.George’sfatherlivesthere.的住在那儿有动词、第三人称单数形式、过去式、现在分词、过去分词MyfatherisaYouwillfeelbetterafteranight’ssleep.It’sgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.Helookedsadatthenews.（“看起来”，系动词用法HeHelookedsadatthenews.（“看起来”，系动词用法Hekookedsadiyattheboy.（“看着”，实义动词用法（1）助动词是语能词，本身没有词义，不可单独使用Hedoesn’tlike1表示时 Heis Hedoesn’tgotoschoolon2Doyoulikecollegelife?DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucame3notIdon’tlikeplayingcomputergames.TheyarenotwatchingTVnow.1“am/is/are+Theyarehavingameeting.Englishis ingmoreandmore2do/does/didDoyouwanttopasstheEnglishHedoesn’tliketostudy.Don’tbelatefor提示：do提示：doHedoeseveryday.Hedoesn’twatchTVonschool面的实义动词要用动词。Shecanswimfast,butIcan’t.YoumuststayhereuntilIcome1can句和疑问句；ShecansingEnglishsongs.Itcan’t不可能)beJim.Isawhimatschooljustnow.Can/May(可以)Iborrowyourbike?2may表示，用于陈述句；表示正式的请求或，用于一般疑句。回答may问题，肯定形式为：Yes,please./Yes,pleasedo./Yes,certainly./Yes,youmay.：No,youmustn’t./No,youcan’t./Pleasedon’t.Youmaygoouttoply----MayIsmoke----Yes,youmay./Noyou3must其否定形式为mustn’t意为“，不允许，千万别”。回答由must构成的一般疑问句，肯定形式为：Yes，主语+must；否定形式为：No，主语+needn’t/don’thavetoItmust(肯定)beNancy’sbook.Hernameisonthecover.Youmustn’t(千万别)playfootballinthestreet.------MustIhandinmy------Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thave4should表示“应该，应当”，shouldn’tYoushouldlyourmotherthetruth.Youshouldn’tmakethesamemistake.Myfather (help)mymotherwithTheships (notbe)intherivernow;they (be)thereamomentago.Our (have)anewcomputerlastI (do)itbetterthanyou My ateacher.He hispupilsveryA.is;like D.are;like2.----Howmanydays thereinaweek? A.is; C. D.are;MyEnglishteacher A.alllook B.looks C.look D.alllooksI busynow,butI freenextA. B.am; C. will D. willMayI toHelen B. C. D.YangLingcan clothesfortheA. B. C. D.Shelooks becauseshewillgotoHainanforaA. B.be C. D.--- Iuseyour-----Yes,youcanA. B. C. D.Twoand (be)There (be)lotsofsheeponthefarmlastTheboywithhis (have)someeveryYoumust (listen)toyourteacherinWelike (watch)cartoonsattheListen!Someone (sing)inthenextSuHai (be)ateacherwhenshegrowsWhat you (do)last (notspeak)loudlyinthereadingIlike (read)verymuch,butIdon’t (read)today.I’mtoo一类词。Janeisabeautifulgirl.Isthereanythingwrongwithyour（1）Sheisagoodgirl. Iamtallandthin.Thereissomethingimportanttolher.提示：1.有的形容词只能作表语，如：afraid，alone，asleep睡着的，awake，alive，well，illTheChinesehavelonghistory. Weshouldhelptheold(2)多个形容词修饰名词时，音节少的形容词，音节多的在后.Sheboughtherselfanewsilkskirt.Ihavelongstraightgolden绝大多数形容词有三种形式：原级、和LiuHaiisastallasme (tallItiswarmertodaythanitwasyesterday. (warmer是)Sheisthebeststudentinherclass. (best是)形容词比较等级的构成规则是什么？（见八年级上语法附录1肯定结构 +形容词的原级+ ，意为“和……一样”Sheisascarefulasher2否定结构：notas/so+形容词的原级 ，意为“不如……”Thisdishisnotasniceasthat形容词的用于两个人或事物的比较，常用的有四种结构1形容词+than，表示“……比……”Thisfilmismoreinterestingthanthat2形容词+形容词，表示“越来越……”Mysisterisgettingtallerand3the+形容词 +形容词，表示“越……越……”Themore,theThemorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwii4the+形容 +ofthetwo，表示“两者中较……的一个”Tomistheclevererofthe前可以加表示程度的副词much,even,alittleHeismuchstrongerthan 用于三个或三个以上的人或事物的比较，常用“the+形前可以加表示程度的副词much,even,alittleHeismuchstrongerthanHeisthebusiestboyinourYaoMingisoneofthemostfamousbasketballplayersinthe，不需要加the。Todayismyhappiest quiet---noisysame— - strong--- thin--- thin---1.I todotoday.Icouldn’thelpyou anything C.importantnothing D.importantsomething2.---Ischemistrymoredifficultthan---No,chemistryisn’tas as B. C. D. LiuTaoisnotasstrongasGao.LiuTaois GaoShan.GaoShan.is LiuTao.Davidisthetalleststudentinhis.David inhisOfthethreegirls,IfoundMillieisthe Thereare (few)peopleheretodaythanMysisteristwo (old)thanIJane’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheis The (cheap)thingsarenotalwaystheworstTheshortoneis (expensive)oftheTheboyisnotso (interesting)ashisShewillbemuch (happy)inhernewHe todaythanA. B.more C.more D.muchOfthetwotoys,thechild themoreexpensive B.onemostC.aleast D.themostexpensiveofThelineis thanthatA.morelonger B.notlonger C.muchmorelonger D.manymoreThebookis oftheA. B.the C D.theShelooks thanshethemore B,very C.much D.moreThegarden ing moreandmore B.morebeautifulandC.morebeautifuland D.morebeautifuland hurry, A.More;lessB.Much;littleC.Themore;theless D.Themuch;thelittle8Looking athismother,thelittleboy A. B.happy; C.sad; D.sadly;Thisbookis thatThisstoryis thanthatItis today itwas他对英语越来越感He ing in heeats, heHe thanWeshouldlistentoourteacherscarefully.Inspring,Icanseeflowerseverywhere.强调副词4.时间、地点副词，小，大在后HecomesfromNew方式副词，短，长在后PleasewriteslowlyandTheoldwomanrunsveryslowlyalongtheriverat6:00every副词同形容词一样也有和形式 veryVery用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的verymuchJohnisveryThisgardenismuchbiggerthanthatIlovemusicveryso,1so；suchMybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.Heissuchaboy.2so“so++a/an+可数名词单数”；suchHeissocleveraboy.=Heissuchacleverboy.Itissuchcoldweather.Theyaresuchgoodmany,fewmuch，littlesosuch。also,too,aswell,also,too,aswell,用于肯定句，alsobe后，行为动词之前，too,aswell；eitherMyfatherisateacher.Mymotherisalsoa=Myfatherisa Mymotherisateacheras=Myfatherisateacher. Mymotherisateacher,too.Ican’tspeakFrench.Jennycan’tspeakFrench,either. sometimes,sometime,sometimessometime；sometimessometime”；sometimesWe’llhaveatestsometimenextmonth.Sometimeswearebusyandsometimes,wearenot.HestayedinBeijingforsometimelastyear.IhavebeentoBeijingsomeHeistootiredandhecan’twalk (quick)ashisIfeel (well)todaythanHelen (care)ofthegirlsinherRemembernotto whenweareinthereadingA.fast B.slowly C.poliy 2.----Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?----Itwasterrible.Itrainedso

thatpeople A.hardly; B.hardly; C.hard; D.hard;3.Therewasanaccidentatthe ,thegirl A.Luckily; B..Luck; C.Lucky;heavilyWhogetsup (early),YangLinorMissTomdidwellintheexam,sohisclassmatesspoke Heputonhiscoatandwentout It’sdangeroustostandoutside,forthewindis Helearnsmath (quick)thantheotherEnglishis (wide)usedintheTheydon’tknowwhyyoutalkedtothem

Itisraining (heavy),soyou’dbetternotgooutHedidtheworkas (careful)asmostofLiLeiandLinTaoareworking (hard)thanJack’sbrotherdoesn’tworkso as B. C. D.JimspeaksChinese A. B. C. D.Hedrivesmuch thanhedidthreeyearsA. B. C. D. IthinkMathis moredifficultthanA. B. C. D.Mysonlooks today.Heisplaying withotherA.happy;happy B.happy;happily C.happily;happily happily;happyLook!Thereis iceontheA.too B.too C.much D.soShewalkedintotheroom becausehermotherwas A. .D.Jim’scomputeris than .Don’tyouthinkA.alotnewer;Lin B.verynew;LinC.muchnewer;Lin D.alittlenewer;Lin本，记牢读音和拼写。（1）1998年，读作nineteenninety—eight 2009年读作twothousandand(2)表示“几点 atfive（3）表示编 No.101表示加减乘 Oneandtwois表示小 读作fivepoint表示百分 读作forty（1）38：March(the)读作：March（2）1/6one 3/5threeAbout ofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninA.fourth- B.four- C.four- D.fourths-Theroadisover metersA.sixhundredandfifty-two B.sixhundredsandfiftytwoC.sixhundred,fifty-two D.sixhundred, fiftyandtwoJanuary isNewYear’sA. B. C.the D.theTherewere peopleinthemeetingroomA.two B.twohundred C.hundreds D.hundredSuHaiis (12)yearsold.Sheisin Septemberisthe (9)monthinaWhichgirlisthinner,the (2)oneorthe (3)One yearsisacentury(Thereare minutesinan1.----Howmanystudentsarethereinyour thestudentsinourschool overtwothousand.A.Thenumberof;is B.Thenumberof;areC.Anumber D.AnumberThenewstudentisin A.Class2 B.ClassSecond C.2Class D.class23.---Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?--- ,butI’mnotA. B. C.Hundred D.OneDad,whenwillyoubefree?Youagreedtogototheseasidewithmefourdaysago.---I’msorry,Jean.ButIthinkIwillhavea holidayA.four— B.four— C.fourth D.fourThisstoryhappenedon A. B.Oct.21st,C.2009,21 D.21stof（1）JimandLiuTao,MissLiiswaitingforyou!Pickupyourbooksandputthemaway.(2)I（3）1Shelikesplayingvolleyballvery2Mr.BrownteachesusEnglish.Youmustlookafterthem.提示：两个以上人称代词并用时，通常提示：两个以上人称代词并用时，通常you放在第一位，I放在最后；复数 放在第一位，they放在最后，简单记成：单数2.3.1；复数1.2.3。都是第三人称，女后男在先。You,TomandIareleavingnextmonth.（1）Thisisn’tmyWalkman.It’s(2)（3）1Thesearetheirbooks.HernameisCheng2Thisismypen.Thatisyours/yourWhosebookisthis Whatareyoureading常见的疑问代词有：what,which,who,whom,whoseWhichdoyoulikebetter,teaormilk?What’syourWhosebooksaretheseonthethis,these,指较近的事物；that,those反身代词的构成：myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselvesherself,himself, Weenjoyedourselvesverymuch.Iboughtanewcoatformyself.Hehimselfdidit.no1both”，either”，neitherBothofusareright. EitheryoutwoisOK. Neitherofusis提示1.both+名词复数=eitherTherearemanytreesonbothsidesofthe=Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthe 作主语时谓语动词用复数，either…or…neither…BothTomandJennyarefromEitherTomorIamright.=EitherIorTomisright.NeitherTomnorIamright.=NeitherInorTomisright.2few,afew,little，afew和afew修饰可数名词的复数，谓语动词都用复数，little和alittle修饰不可数名词，谓语动词都用单数。afew,alittle是肯定的含 few,little是否定的含义，意为“几乎没有”。Afewstudentsgotothepark. Fewstudentsgotothepark.Hehasalittlehair. Hehaslittlehair.3eacheacheveryeachevery更强调。Each具有形容词和代词两个词性，可以作句子主语；everyEach(man)hashis Everysingerhashissuccessful4other,another,theother,others,theother；“another+单数名词”意为“又一个，另外一个”，泛指。无限定范围；theother定范围，后面不能跟名词；theothersIhavetwoflowers.Oneisred,theotheroneiswhite.Tomistallerthantheothersinhisclass.WouldyoulikeanothercupofTherearemanypeopleinthepark,somearetalking,someareflyingkitesandothersarereading.other,theother,others,theothersHehastwodaughters.OneisaSomepeoplelikewalking.Somelikerunning.

isaTwoboyswillgotothezoo,and willstayatDoyouhave

1.-- schoolismuchlargerthan ----AOur; B.Our; C.Ours; D.We; areallinA.You,Iandhe B.He,youandI C.I,youandhe .D.You,heandIThebuildingsinDalianaresimilar（相似的）to A. B. C. D.1，TheweatherinGuangzhouisbetterthan inA. B. C. D. havearacing B.Eachof C.Everyof D.WeMybikeisbroken.MayI A. B. C. Ibought exercisebookswith A.afew;afew B.afew;alittle C.alittle;afew .D.alittle;alittle5.-- isHeisabus B.Which C.That D.What6.--- hatisthis?---- B.Who; C.Whom; D.Whose;Hehas tolA.something B.importantC.anything D.useful oftheteachersareOKinourA. B. C.EitherD.Ofthethreeforeigners,oneisfromLondon,and arefromA.two B.theother C..another D.the---Whichwouldyoulike,sir,teaor---Idon’t isA. B. C. D. ofushasreadthenewspaper,soweknownothingaboutit. B.Both C.None D.AllHeisnotawarm-heartedman,so peoplecangetonwellwithA. B.a C. D.aabook;ananorange.不定冠词主要有以下四种用法：It’sabasketball. Ahorseisausefulanimal. Thisisaninterestingmovie.表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有Shehasasmallnoseandlong指或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物Hisgrandfatherisanoldman. Thereisaneraseronthedesk.(4)用于一些固定短语中，如：afew,alittle,alotof等。the（那）（那）特指某（些）人或某（些）ThegirlinanorangedressismyPleaselookattheIwenttothePeople’sParkyesterday.TheparkisThesunisbiggerthanthe用在序数词和形容词GaoShanlivesonthefifththeGreatWall,thePalacetheChangjiangRiver,theYellowTheBrownsarevery用在乐器名称前CanTomplaythe(10)inthemorning,/afternoon/evening,intheHewenttiNanjingthreedaysHewasbornonLiuTaohaslunchatMrBrownplaystennisveryMum!Wherearemy WehaveMathfourtimesaHeworksharddayandThisbookisMancan’tlivewithout用在固定词组 gotoschool,bytrain,inhospital,atHegivemysister usefilbookA. B. C. D.Mybrother honestboy,sohehasmanyA. B. C. Morecollegegraduateswantedtoworkin westpartof nextyear.Athe; B./; C./; D.the;Jimalwaysanswerstheteacher’s A.in B.inthe C.after D.at---Whatcoloris ----It’s A.an; B.an; C. ; D./;Look!Thechildrenarehaving goodA. B. C. D.Londonis capitalof A.the; B.a; C.a; D.the;There’re fewmistakesinyour.Don’tmake mistakesagain.A.a; B.a; C.the; D./;theYesterdayIwentto workon A.the; B./; C./; D.Thereisasound.

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It’saboutnineo’clocknow.Helenislikehermom.1 at at2 onSunday,onMonday on3in innextweek,inNovember,in2008,insummer,inthe4 WeiHuagotupbefore7o’clockthis5 Afterthat,nooneplayedwith6 BythetimeIarrived,shehadalready7 Theworkersoftenworkfortwenty-fourhourswithout8 Didyouhaveagoodtimeduringthe9 Throughhislife,hekeptonlearningnew0from Theworkersweremadetoworkfrom7inthemorningto7intheevening.1since Hehastaughthereince1 atschool,athome,at330He atthe2 ShewillarriveinShanghaiat3 onthe4 abovethe5 Thereisabridgeoverthe6 underthe7 TheDeadSeaisbelowsea8 =not Myhomeis 9by Hewalksbythesideoftheseaeveryday.0between SuesitsbetweenJudyandNancy.1among TherearesomeAmericansamongus.2around Theysataroundthetable.3infrintof Thereisacarinfrontofthehouse.4behind Heputhisbikebehindthetree.5to Jackgottoschoolat8:00a.myesterday.6from HowfarisitfromLondontoNewYork?表示和材料的介1 a.Sheliveswithherb.Thegirlwithlonghairismyc.MyAmericanfriendislearningtoeatwith2 What’sthisinThewomaninaredcoatisLucy’s3by Whatdoyoumeanbytheword“island’?Iliketravelingbrtrain.1into;outHejumpedintotheswimmingWelookedoutofthewindowandsaw 2up;ThelittlemonkeyclimbedupthetreeWalkdownthestreetandyouwillseeabookshoponthe3across;through;Becarefulwhenyouwalkacrossthebridge.Wewalkedthroughthewoods.Heiswalkingalongtheriver.1 Itwasthebeginningofthe2 Likemanychildrenofherage,DingDingisaYoung3 Sheworksasawaitressina4 Heissittingagainstthe Areyouagainst5about Helikesreadingbooksabouthistory. Whataboutyour6 DoyouknowwhathecomeshereChildrengetgifts Christmasand theirA.on; B.at; C.in; D.in;Mikedoeshis seven theeveningA.on; B.by; C.at; D.at; acoldwintermorning,Imetherinthe B. C. D.Heoftengoes school sixthirty theA.for;to;in B.for;at;toC.to;for;at D.to;at;Thedoctorworked fivehours aA.for; B.on; C.about; D.for;Theteacheriscomingback anA. B. C. D.Idon’tliketo theback

right.IwouldliketoA.on; B.in; C.on; D.at;8.Theappleis thetreeandthecatis thetreeA.on; B.on; C.in; D.in;Lucysits thethirdrow Jim’sA.on; B.in; C.at; D.in;Theyarewaiting abus thebusA.for; B.on; C.for; D.with;and,but,or,forthat,whetherwhen,because,since,if等。二、并列连词的用1.but,yet，howeverIlikeapples,butmysisterlikesoranges.=Ilikeapples,however,mysisterlikesoranges.Hesaidhewasourfriend,yethewouldn’thelpus.2.for,so等。如：Thechildhadabadcough,sohismothertookhimtothedoctor.孩子咳得很利害，所以妈带他去看医生。Youaresupposedtogetridofcarelessness,foritoftenleadstoseriouserrors.一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错注意：for3.andoreither…orneither…nornotonly…but(also)both…andaswellasHedidn’tgoandshedidn’tgo，either.他没去，她也没去。Theweatherismildtoday;itisneitherhotnorcold.BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems.Itisimportantforyouaswellasforme.Peoplewhoareeitherunderageoroveragemaynotjointhe1.when,while,as,Don’ttalkwhileyou’reeating.吃饭时不要说话。Vegetablesarebestwhentheyarefresh.HecamejustasIwasleaving.我正要走时他来了。before,after。如：Trytofinishyourworkbeforeyouleave.离开前设法把工作做完。Afterwehavefinishedtea,wewillsitonthegrass.喝完茶之后我们since,until,till。She’sbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.Hedidn’leaveuntiltherainNevertroubletroubletilltroubletroublesyou.assoonas,I’llletyouknowassoonasIhearfromher.我一接信就通知Theyareall I’mA. B. C. D.Whichisgigger,thesun theA. B. Doyouhaveanybrothers A. B. C. D.Domore youarenotgoodatA. B. C. D.Youhavethreeboks;Ihavefivebooks. Ihavetwomorebooksthanyou.A. B. D.—Whatdoyouwantto---Abook twoA. B. C. D.MissLiistaller herA. C. D.Mybrothergoestoworkon IA. B. C. D. Ifinishmy,IwillwatchA. B. C. D.SheknewnothingaboutHong shewentA. B. C. D.I’dlikesomebread A. B. C. D.Justletmeknow youneedanyA. C. D.GaoShanwassad couldn’tfindhisA. B. C. D.（1）HelikeswatchingTV.Englishisveryusefulforus.Swimmingisagoodsport.(2)1Westudyforthepeople.我们为人民学习。Wegotthereyesterdaymorning.2复合谓语：由“情态动词＋动词”构IcanspeakalittleEnglish.（3）表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语，特征，属性或Mysisterisanurse.Shelookshappy.WelikeEnglish.HegavemesomeinkWemakehimourmonitor.我们选他当班长。在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数Heisanewstudent.Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。HelivesinLondonThechildrenareplayinghappily.副词、名词、不定式、动词-ingWewillmakeourcountrymorebeautiful.（1）1Heisamiddleschoolstudent.（他是个中学生）/Sheteachesusgeography.（她教我们地理）/Thenewplaywasgoodenoughandeverybodyenjoyedit.（新的话剧非常好大家都喜欢）▲陈述句的否定式：Mybrotherisnotateacher.（我的弟弟不是教师）/Hedoesnothaveacousin.（他没有堂兄弟）/Iwillnotgothere（明天我不去那儿）/Mymotherisnotcookingamealinthekitchen.（我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭）/Youmustnotmakesuchmistakesagain.（你不2、疑问句：提出问题。分一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句如：Isheanengineer?（他是工程师吗？）Doyougetupatsixeverymorning?（你天天早晨六点起身吗？）/Doesshestudyhard?（她学习努力吗？）/Didyougothereyesterday?（昨天你去那儿了吗？）Whatdoyouwant?（你要什么？）Whydidhegotobedsoearly?（这么早睡觉？）/Howdidyougothere?（你是怎么去的那儿？）Doyouwantteaorcoffee?Heneverwentthere,didhe?(他从没有去过那里是吗？)3you▲祈使句的肯定式：动词()+其他如：Pleasegivemeahand.(请帮忙)/Shutup!(住嘴！)▲祈使句的否定式：Don’t+动词+其他如：Pleasedon’ttalklowvoices.(请不要低声。4如：Whatagood,kindgirl(sheis)!(她是多么善良的好！)/Whatbadweather(itis)!(天气真糟糕！)Howcarefullytheoldmanwalks!(这老人走路真！)/Howdeliciousthefoodis!(这食品真好吃！)/Howbeautiful!(真美呀！)(2)1简单Shelaughed.2Heworksinthisshopandhelikesworking3Theboythinksthathecandothisjob简单句五种基本句型1主谓句型：S－Vi I主系表句型 Johnis主谓宾句型 Shestudies主谓双宾句型：S－Vt－O间宾－O直宾Mymothermademeanew主谓宾补句型 Thestorymade Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.Hisfatherdidn’tcometoseehimyesterday.（1）bebeam，is，arewas，were。构成否定式时，一律在其后加否定词Iamastudent.→Iamnot astudentnot。Icanswim.→Icannot(can’t)（3）含有实义动词的句子变否定句时，要借助助动词do,does,did等来构成否定do,does，did。Ilikepopmusic.→Idonot(don’t)likepopHelikesrunning.→Hedoesnot(doesn’t)likeShedoesherathome.→Shedoesn’tdoheratHewenttothezoolaskSunday.→He didnot(didn’t)gotothezoolaskSunday.三 疑问疑问句的定 用来提出问题的句子叫疑问句，句末问号Areyougoodatplayingbasketball?Whatareyoulookingfor?Heisinaredcoat,isn’tHaveyoubeentherebefore? Whatdaywasityesterday?CanyouspeakEnglishorChinese? Heisadriver,isn’the?3.一般疑问句yesno一般疑问句。1beam/isI'minClass2,Grade1.→AreyouinClass2,Grade1?2do,does,did.ShelivesinBeijing.→DoessheliveinBeijing?IlikeEnglish.→DoyoulikeEnglish?3am/is/are一样，直接将它们提至主语前 Icanspellit.→Canspellit?4少数口语化的一般疑问句.如问一个与前文相同的问句时，可省略成"Andyou?"或"What/Howabout...?"等；甚至只抓 pen?你的钢笔？YesNo,通常用简略形式回答。且答语中主语后的各种1IsthisyourEnglishbook？肯答：Yes，itis.否答：No，itAretheseyourEnglishbooks？肯答：Yes，theyare.否答：No，they2do的各种形式引出的一般疑问句 答语中主语后用动词do的相应形DoyourparentslikeEnglish？肯答：Yes，theydo.否答：No，they3can,willcan,will---Canyousinganddance,----Yes,Ican./No,I4mustmust，---Mustwecleanthe---Yes,youmust./No,you特殊疑问句的构成:"特殊疑问词+一般疑问句"构成.Howoldareyou? What'sthisinEnglish?疑问形容词：what（which，whose）+whatWhatisinyourpocket？a：Thereisanegginit.b：Aneggis（init）.What'sintheroom？Therearealotofchairsin=A1otofchairsareinit.有许多椅子。Whatdidyoubuy？Iboughtabike.我买了辆自行车。Whatisthis？这是什么？It'sabench.这是一条长凳。Whatisyourmother？你是干什么的？Whatis+人？此句型是问人的职业，一般译为“是干什么的？”Sheisateacher.她是个老师。Who，whom，whoseWhobrokethewindow？（对主语提问☆whowhomwhoLiMing Whoisthatwoman？（对表语提问）Sheismymother.她是我。（关系）或者：SheisRose.她是罗思。（）Whois+人？是询问的或与人关系的问句。与Whatis+人？（问人的Whoseisthisumbrella？这伞是谁的？Thisumbrellaismysister's.whose（东西）……”。WhichisTom's？（对主语提问）哪个是的？Thisishis.Whichdoeshewant？（对宾语提问）Hewantsthegreenone.他想要那个绿色的。what，who，whichwhat，which，whoseWhatsportsdoyoulike？（对宾语提问）Ilikebasketball.Whosepensarethese？（对表语提问）TheyareLiMing's.这些是的Whosefatherdiedtwoyearsago？（对主语提问）Whichpicturedidyoutake？（对宾语提问）哪一张是你拍的？Itooktheoneonthe句型：疑问副词+一般疑问句的语序（疑问副词在句中作状语，所以它们不可能对主语提问whenWhenwereyouborn？（Iwasborn）onJune5,196265whenWhenwillyougotoJapan？你什么时候去（I'llgothere）nextyear.☆when（×）Whenhaveyoubeen（○）Howlonghaveyoubeenhere？（○）Whendidyoucomehere？whereWheredoyoulive？（Ilivein）Beijing.（可以简略回答出地点）Whereareyougoing？你准备去什么地方？IamgoingtoJapan.我准备去。whybecauseWhyareyoulate？你为什么BecauseImetthe因为我遇上了Whydidn'tyouseethemovie？Whydidyounotseethemovie？BecauseIhadseenitbefore.how询问如何地做某事即做某事的方法、及健康、天气Howdoyougotoschool？（问方式）Igotoschoolbybus.我坐公共汽车。Howareyou？（问健康）你身体怎样？I'mfine.Thankyou！我很好。谢谢你。Howistheweathertoday？（问天气）It'scloudy.今天多云。b：How+形容词（副词1howoftenHowoftendoesBobwatch2howmuchHowmuchisthe3howmanyHowmanypeoplearethereinyour4howoldHowoldisyourfather5howlongHowlongdidyoustay6howsoonHowsoonwillyoubeor，or，or后面用降调，句末用问号。1or+Shallwegotherebybus,bikeortrain?Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?（备选对象Didyoustayathomeoratschoolyesterday?2or+Whichwouldyoulikebest,English,ChineseorMath?学科，英语、语文还是数学？（备选对象为三者）WhenwillyougotoCanada,SundayorMonday?你何时去，星(2)选择疑问句的回 不能用Yes/No来回答----Shallweplaybasketballor----Play①Sheoftenhaslunchatschool,doesn'tshe?②Youdon'tlikesports,doyou?①Youcan'tdoit,canyou?②Theyareverylateforthemeeting,aren'tthey?①Hehassupperathomeeveryday,doesn'the?（hasn't②Theyhaveknownthematter,haven'tthey?（don'tthey?）①Theywillgototownsoon,won'tthey?（don'tthey?aren't②Heworksveryhard,doesn'the?（didn'the?won'tunimindis①Yourfatherisunhappy,isn'the?（is②Themanisdishonest,isn'the?（is③ItisimpossibletolearnEnglishwithoutrememberingmorewords,isn'tit?（isit?）little,few,never,hardly,seldom①Sheneverlsalie,doesshe?（不用doesn't②Hewasseldomlate,washe?（wasn'tIamaveryhonestman,aren'tI(We)think(believe,suppose,consider)that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。①Ithinkthathehasdonehisbest,hasn't②WethinkthatEnglishisveryuseful,isn'tit?（don'tI(We)don'tthink(believe,suppose,consider)+thatthat①Idon'tthinkthatyoucandoit,canyou?（do②Wedon'tbelievethatthenewsistrue,isit?（dowe?）think(believe,suppose,consider)that①TheyallthinkthatEnglishisveryimportant,don'tthey?（isn't②Hedidn'tthinkthatthenewswastrue,didhe?（wasn't/was十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said(told,reported,asked……)+①Theysaidthatyouhadfinishedyourw