语法运用升级版17备考专用-英语基础知识

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第一篇基础知识第一节字母1.262.英文字母分为元音字母和辅音字母。AaEe , Ii, Oo, Uu5元音字母，除 Yy 外其他20为辅音字母。Yy 为半元音字母.a, e, i(y), o, 48音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher, 语中有20个元音。单元音有12个：/i:/ /a:/ /u:/双元音有8个 /כI/ /Iə//εə/ 2811：/p//t//k//f//s//θ//h/ /t∫/ /tr/ /ts/ 浊辅音有17个 /g/ /dr/ /m/ /ŋ /w/ 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, 闭音节：a)bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)it 第二 语法知识梳10一 名名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：mother　panda熊library pencil 铅笔 wish愿（1）1专有名词表示特定的人或事物的名称。如：MrGreen先生 theSpring Festival春节 the Great Wall Britain英国2普通名词是不属于特定的人或事物名称的词。普通名词又分为名词和体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。名词，如：radio（广播），watch（手康）(2)1式。如：a bananatwo bananas2抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词一般都是不可数名词。如：milk 牛奶 iceideaFrancefish（不可数）fish（可数）chicken（不可数）chicken（可数（1）加- book- s\sh\x\ch加-bus-buseswatch- yy 为 i以 ffeffe 为 vhalf-halves wife-o加 或photo-photospiano- zoo-zoostomato- tomatoes 在 /p/ /t/ /k/ cakes desks 在/s/ /z/ /t∫//dз/buses classes bananas zoos (2) mouse-micechild- sheep-sheep deer-deer fish-fish Chinese-Chinese词，要表示“一”这个概念，我们可以用“a+of+名词”的形式。如： a glass of water 一杯水 a cup of tea 一提示：这种形式也可以用于可数名词，但名词必须用复数形式。如：abasket ofapplesfive baskets of tomatoes 五篮子西红柿提示：这种形式也可以用于可数名词，但名词必须用复数形式。如：abasket ofapplesfive baskets of tomatoes 五篮子西红柿加是’s。如Grandma ’s house 的房子 my parents ’car 我父母的在名词末尾加 Nancy ’s the teachers ’ 特殊复数名词（在名词末尾加 Children ’s 加 ’sJim and Henlen ’ s mother（）加 ’sJim ’s Henlen ’s （两人各自的We will go to my sister’s for dinner this 今天下 去我姐姐家吃饭Let barber ’ 如果名词代表的事物是没有生命的，常与 组成短语来表示其所有It ’s a map of China.ThenameofthecartoonisCinderella. 答案 3. 8. 二 翻译下列词1.　　　　　 2.许多 3.三袋大4.五篮子鸡 5四位女教6.八棵苹果 7七张老太太的8.一个朋答案1 .the Great Wall 2.many/a lot of sheep 3.threebagsof 4.five baskets of eggs 5.four women teachers 6.eightapple trees 7.seven photos of an old woman 8.a friend of hers1.pencil-12. 14. My father is a .Heworksinahospital. A.teacher B. doctor C. farmer D. soldierWe need some .Can you go and get some A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. a In the picture there are and A. sheep; foxes B. sheeps ;foxes C. sheeps; fox D. sheep ; Let’s meet at 7:30 outside the gate A.thePeople’sParkB.thePeoples’ParkC.thePeopleParkD. People’s ParkThere are sixty- in our A.women’steacherB.womenteachersC.womenteachersD.women Thisshopsellsapples,bananasandthingslikethese.It’s A. food shop B. book shop C. fruit shop D. vegetable September10th in A.Teacher’s Day B. Teachers’ Day C. Teacher Day D .Teachers The football under the bed A. Su Hai and Liu Tao B.SuHai’sandLiuTao’s C.Su Hai’s and Liu Tao D. Su Hai and Liu Tao’s.The post office is a bit far from here. It’s A. thirty minutes’s B. thirty minute’s C. thirty minutes D. thirty minutes big and A. The classroom window B. The window of the classroom C.Theclassroom’swindows D. ThewindowsoftheclassroomAre there (child)playing in the Here’re (milk)for Daniel always wears a pair of (glass)andhelooks We do too much ()everydaysowehavenotimeto It’s Sunday and there are so (people)in the You should brush (tooth)at least twice every Beijing I’m hungry. Please give （面包Are these（你父母的 I visited（） lastyear.It’sreally （TomMike）arenew.They bought them last Saturday.You can （一些苹果树）in the （和南希的桌子）is very （她们的椅子） are very （1）We have friends all over the world.George’s father lives there. 的住在那儿有动词、第三人称单数形式、过去式、现在分词、过去分词Myfather is a Youwillfeelbetterafteranight’ssleep. It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring.Helookedsadat the news.（“看起来”，系动词用法HeHelookedsadat the news.（“看起来”，系动词用法Hekookedsadiyattheboy.（“看着”，实义动词用法（1）助动词是语能词，本身没有词义，不可单独使用Hedoesn’tlike1表示时 Heis Hedoesn’tgotoschoolon 2Doyoulikecollegelife? DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucame 3notIdon’tlikeplayingcomputergames.TheyarenotwatchingTVnow. 1“am/is/are+They are having a meeting. English is ingmoreandmore 2do/does/didDoyou want to passthe English Hedoesn’t liketostudy. Don’tbelatefor提示：do提示：doHedoes　everyday. Hedoesn’twatch TVon school面的实义动词要用动词。Shecanswimfast,butIcan’t.YoumuststayhereuntilIcome 1 can句和疑问句；She can sing English songs.Itcan’t不可能)beJim.Isawhimatschooljustnow. Can /May(可以) I borrow your bike?2 may 表示，用于陈述句；表示正式的请求或，用于一般疑句。回答may 问题，肯定形式为：Yes,please./ Yes, please do./Yes,certainly./Yes,youmay.：No,youmustn’t./No, you can’t./Please don’t.Youmay gooutto ply ----MayIsmoke ----Yes,you may./No you 3must其否定形式为mustn’t意为“，不允许，千万别”。回答由must构成的一般疑问句，肯定形式为： Yes ，主语+must ；否定形式为：No，主语+needn’t/don’t have toItmust(肯定)beNancy’sbook.Hernameisonthecover. You mustn’t (千万别) play football in the street.------MustI hand inmy　------Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t/don’t have 4should 表示“应该，应当”，shouldn’tYoushould lyourmotherthetruth. You shouldn’t make the same mistake.My father (help)my mother with The ships (not be)in the river now;they (be)therea moment ago.Our (have)anew computer last I (do )it better than you My a teacher. He his pupils very A. is ; like D.are;like 2.----How many days there in a week? A. is; C. D. are; My English teacher A. all look B. looks C. look D. all looks I busy now, but I free next A. B.am; C. will D. will May I toHelen B. C. D. Yang Ling can clothesfor the A. B. C. D. She looks because she will go to Hainan for a A. B. be C. D. --- I use your -----Yes,you can A. B. C. D.Two and (be) There (be)lots of sheep on the farm last The boy with his (have)some　every You must (listen)toyour teacher in We like (watch)cartoons at the Listen! Someone (sing)in the next Su Hai (be)a teacher when she grows What you (do)last (not speak)loudly in the reading I like (read) very much,but I don’t (read)today.I’m too 一类词。Janeisabeautifulgirl. Isthereanythingwrongwithyour （1）She is a good girl. Iamtallandthin. There is something important to l her.提示：1.有的形容词只能作表语，如：afraid，alone，asleep睡着的，awake，alive，well，illThe Chinese have long history. We should help the old(2)多个形容词修饰名词时，音节少的形容词，音节多的在后. She bought herself a new silk skirt.I have long straight golden 绝大多数形容词有三种形式：原级、和Liu Hai is as tall as me (tallIt is warmer today than it was yesterday. (warmer是) She is the best student in her class. (best是)形容词比较等级的构成规则是什么？（见八年级上语法附录1肯定结构 +形容词的原级 + ，意为“和……一样”She is as careful as her 2否定结构：not as /so +形容词的原级 ，意为“不如……”This dish is not as nice as that 形容词的用于两个人或事物的比较，常用的有四种结构1形容词+than ，表示“……比……”This film is more interesting than that 2形容词+形容词，表示“越来越……”My sister is getting taller and 3 the +形容词 +形容词，表示“越……越……”The more, the The more careful you are ,the fewer mistakes you wii 4 the +形容 + of the two ，表示“两者中较……的一个”Tom is the cleverer of the 前可以加表示程度的副词 much ,even,a littleHe is much stronger than 用于三个或三个以上的人或事物的比较，常用“the+形前可以加表示程度的副词 much ,even,a littleHe is much stronger than He is the busiest boy in our Yao Ming is one of the most famous basketball players in the，不需要加 the 。 Today is my happiest quiet---noisysame— - strong--- thin--- thin---1.I to do today.I couldn’t help you anything C. important nothing D.importantsomething 2.---Is chemistry more difficult than ---No, chemistry isn’t as as B. C. D. Liu T ao is not as strong as Gao .Liu T ao is GaoShan. Gao Shan.is Liu T ao.David is the tallest student in his .David inhis Of the three girls,I found Millie is the There are (few)people here today than My sister is two (old)than I Jane’s parents have four daughters, and she is The (cheap)things are not always the worst The short one is (expensive)of the The boy is not so (interesting)as his She will be much (happy)inher new He todaythan A. B .more C. more D. much Of the two toys,the child the more expensive B. one most C. a least D.the most expensive of The line is thanthat A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D.manymore The book is ofthe A. B . the C D. the She looks thanshe the more B, very C. much D. more The garden ing more and more B. more beautiful and C. more beautiful and D. more beautiful and hurry, A. More; less B. Much; little C. The more; the less D.Themuch; the little8 Looking athis mother, the little boy A. B.happy; C. sad; D. sadly; This book is thatThis story is thanthat It is today it was 他对英语越来越感He ing in he eats , he He than Weshouldlistentoourteacherscarefully. In spring , I can see flowers everywhere.强调副词4.时间、地点副词，小，大在后HecomesfromNew方式副词，短，长在后PleasewriteslowlyandTheoldwomanrunsveryslowlyalongtheriverat6:00every 副词同形容词一样也有和形式 veryVery用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的very muchJohn is very This garden is much bigger than that I love music very so , 1 so；suchMybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim. He is such a boy.2so“so++a/an+可数名词单数”；suchHeissocleveraboy.=Heissuchacleverboy. It is such cold weather.They are such good many,fewmuch，littlesosuch。also ,too, as well, also,too,aswell,用于肯定句，alsobe后，行为动词之前，too, as well；eitherMy father is a teacher. My mother is also a = My father is a My mother is a teacher as = My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher,too. Ican’tspeakFrench.Jennycan’tspeakFrench,either. sometimes, some time, some timessometime；sometimessome time”；some timesWe’ll have a test sometime next month. Sometimeswearebusyandsometimes,wearenot. He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.I have been to Beijing some He is too tired and he can’t walk (quick)as his I feel (well)today than Helen (care)ofthe girls in her Remember not to when we are in the reading A. fast B. slowly C. poliy 2.----What was the weather like yesterday?----Itwasterrible.Itrainedso　 thatpeople A.hardly; B.hardly; C.hard ; D.hard; 3.There was an accident at the ,thegirl A.Luckily; B..Luck; C. Lucky; heavily Who gets up (early),Yang Linor Miss Tom did well in the exam,so his classmates spoke He put on his coat and went out It’s dangerous to stand outside,for the wind is He learns math (quick)than the other English is (wide)usedin the They don’t know why you talked to them　 It is raining (heavy),so you’d better not go out He did the work as (careful) as most of Li Lei and Lin Tao are working (hard)than Jack’s brother doesn’t work so as B. C . D.Jim speaks Chinese A. B. C. D.He drives much than he did three years A. B. C. D. I think Math is more difficult than A. B. C. D. My son looks today.He is playing with other A. happy; happy B. happy ; happily C. happily; happily happily; happyLook! There is ice on the A. too B.too C. much D.so She walked into the room because her mother was A. . D. Jim’s computer is than . Don’t you think A. a lot newer; Lin B. very new; Lin C. much newer; Lin D.a little newer; Lin 本，记牢 读音和拼写。（1）1998年，读作 nineteen ninety—eight 2009年读作twothousandand (2)表示“几点 at five （3）表示编 No.101 表示加减乘 Oneand two is 表示小 读作 five point 表示百分 读作 forty （1）38：March (the) 读作： March （2）1/6 one 3/5three About ofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewrittenin A. fourth- B. four- C.four- D. fourths-The road is over meters A. six hundred and fifty-two B.sixhundredsandfiftytwoC.six hundred , fifty-two D. six hundred , fifty and twoJanuary isNew Year’s A. B. C. the D.the There were people in the meeting room A. two B. two hundred C. hundreds D. hundred Su Hai is (12)years old.She is in September is the (9)month in a Which girl is thinner,the (2)one or the (3)One years is a century(There are minutesin an 1.----How many students are there in your the students in our school overtwothousand. A.The number of ;is B. The number of;areC. A number D.A number The new student is in A. Class 2 B. Class Second C. 2 Class D.class2 3.---How many teachers are there in your school?--- , but I’ m not A. B. C. Hundred D. One　Dad,whenwillyoubefree?Youagreedtogototheseasidewith me four days ago.---I’m sorry,Jean. But Ithink I will have a holiday A. four— B. four— C. fourth D. four This story happened on A. B.Oct.21st , C. 2009,21 D.21st of （1）JimandLiuTao,MissLiiswaitingforyou! Pick up your books and put them away.(2)I（3）1Shelikesplaying volleyballvery 2Mr.BrownteachesusEnglish. You must look after them.提示：两个以上人称代词并用时，通常提示：两个以上人称代词并用时，通常you放在第一位，I放在最后；复数 放在第一位，they放在最后，简单记成：单数2.3.1；复数1.2.3。都是第三人称，女后男在先。You,Tom and I are leaving next month.（1）Thisisn’tmy Walkman.It’s(2)（3）1Thesearetheirbooks. Hername isCheng2Thisis mypen .Thatis yours/yourWhose bookis this What areyoureading 常见的疑问代词有：what,which,who,whom,whose Which do you like better , tea or milk?What’s your Whose books are these on the this,these ,指较近的事物；that, those反身代词的构成：myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves herself, himself, Weenjoyedourselvesverymuch. Iboughtanewcoatformyself. He himself did it .no 1both”，either”，neither Both of us are right. Either you two is OK. Neitherofusis 提示1.both +名词复数= eitherThere are many trees on both sides of the = There are many trees on either side of the 作主语时谓语动词用复数，either…or…neither… BothTom and Jennyare from Either Tom or I am right.=Either I or Tom is right. NeitherTomnorIamright.=NeitherInorTomisright.2few, a few,little ，a few和a few 修饰可数名词的复数，谓语动词都用复数，little 和a little修饰不可数名词，谓语动词都用单数。afew,alittle是肯定的含 few,little是否定的含义，意为“几乎没有”。A few students go to the park. Fewstudentsgotothepark. He has a little hair. He has little hair.3eacheacheveryeach every更强调。Each具有形容词和代词两个词性，可以作句子主语；everyEach (man)has his Every singer has his successful 4other,another,the other,others,the other；“another+单数名 词”意为“又一个，另外一个”，泛指。无限定范围；the other定范围，后面不能跟名词；theothersIhavetwoflowers.Oneisred,theotheroneiswhite. Tom is taller than the others in his class.Would you like another cup of Therearemanypeopleinthepark,somearetalking,someareflying kites and others are reading.other,the other,others,the othersHe has two daughters.One is a Somepeoplelikewalking.Somelikerunning.　is a Two boys will go to the zoo,and will stay at Do you have　 1.-- school is much larger than ----AOur; B. Our; C. Ours ; D. We; are all in A.You,I and he B. He, you and I C.I ,you and he .D.You,he and IThe buildings in Dalian are similar（相似的） to A. B. C. D.1，The weather in Guangzhou is better than in A. B. C. D. have a racing B. Each of C.Every of D.We My bike is broken.May I A. B. C. I bought exercise books with A. a few; a few B. a few; a little C. a little ; a few .D.a little; a little5.-- is He is a bus B. Which C. That D.What 6.--- hat is this ?---- B.Who; C. Whom; D.Whose;He has to l A. something B. important C. anything D. useful of the teachers are OK in our A. B. C. Either D. Of the three foreigners, one is from London,and arefrom A.two B.the other C.. another D.the ---Which would you like,sir,tea or ---I don’t is A. B. C. D. ofushasreadthenewspaper,soweknownothingaboutit. B. Both C. None D. AllHe is not a warm-hearted man, so peoplecangetonwellwith A. B. a C. D. a a book; anan orange. 不定冠词主要有以下四种用法：It’s a basketball. A horse is a useful animal. Thisisan interesting movie.表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有 She has a small nose and long 指或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物His grandfather is an old man . Thereisaneraseronthedesk. (4)用于一些固定短语中，如：a few,a little,a lot of 等。the（那）（那）特指某（些）人或某（些）The girl in an orange dress is my Please look at the I went to the People’s Park yesterday. The park is The sun is bigger than the 用在序数词和形容词Gao Shan lives on the fifth the Great Wall,the Palace the Changjiang River , the Yellow The Browns are very 用在乐器名称前 Can Tom play the (10)inthemorning,/afternoon/evening,inthe He went ti Nanjing three days He was born on Liu Tao has lunch at Mr Brown plays tennis very Mum! Where are my We have Math four times a He works hard day and This book is Man can’t live without 用在固定词组 go to school,by train,in hospital,at He give my sister usefil book A. B. C. D. My brother honest boy,so he has many A. B. C. More college graduates wanted to work in westpartof next year.Athe; B. / ; C. / ; D.the ; Jim always answers the teacher’s A. in B. in the C. after D. at ---What color is ----It’s A. an ; B. an; C. ; D. /; Look! The children are having good A. B. C. D. London is capital of A. the; B. a; C. a; D. the; There’re few mistakes in your .Don’t make mistakes again.A. a; B. a; C. the; D. /; the Yesterday I went to work on A. the; B. / ; C./ ; D. Thereis a sound. ”h”in the word “hour”,　 ”h” doesn’t A. a; B. a ; C. the ; D. an; He often says rich should help poor.A. the; B. a; C. the; D. / ; 8 There　 A. a; B. a ; C. an ; D. an ; 9. There’s egg on the plate. eggis for A. a; B. an ; C. an; D. the; 10 Did you enter for high jump or 400--- meter A. a; B. a ; C. the ; D. the; old man in black is waiting for you for A. The; B. The ; C. An ; D. An ; elephant is huge A. An; B. An ; C. The; D. A　 It’saboutnineo’clocknow. Helen is like her mom.1 at at 2 on Sunday , on Monday on3in innextweek,inNovember,in2008,insummer,inthe 4 Wei Hua got up before 7 o’clock this 5 After that ,no one played with 6 By the time I arrived, she had already 7 The workers often work for twenty-four hours without 8 Did you have a good time during the 9 Through his life, he kept on learn ing new 0from Theworkersweremadetoworkfrom7inthemorningto7in the evening.1since He has taught here ince 1 atschool , at home, at 330 He at the 2 She will arrive in Shanghai at 3 on the 4 abovethe 5 There is a bridge over the 6 underthe 7 The Dead Sea is below sea 8 =not Myhome is 9by Hewalksbythesideoftheseaeveryday. 0between Sue sits between Judy and Nancy. 1among There are some Americans among us. 2around They sat around the table.3infrintof Thereisacarinfrontofthehouse. 4behind He put his bike behind the tree.5to Jackgottoschoolat8:00a.myesterday. 6from How far is it from London to New York?表示和材料的介1 a. She lives with her b.The girl with long hair is my c. My American friend is learning to eat with 2 What’s this in The woman in a red coat is Lucy’s 3by Whatdoyoumeanbytheword“island’? I like traveling br train.1into ; out He jumped into the swimming We looked out of the window and saw 2up ; The little monkey climbed up the tree Walk down the street and you will see a bookshop on the 3across ; through ; Becarefulwhenyouwalkacrossthebridge. We walked through the woods.Heiswalkingalongtheriver. 1 It was the beginning of the 2 Like many children of her age,Ding Ding is a Young 3 She works as a waitress in a 4 He is sitting against the Are you against 5about He likes reading books about history. Whataboutyour 6 Do you know what he comes here Children get gifts Christmas and their A. on ; B. at ; C. in ; D. in ; Mike does his seven the evening A. on; B. by ; C. at ; D. at ; a cold winter morning, I met her in the B. C. D. He often goes school six thirty the A. for ; to ; in B. for ; at ; to C. to ; for; at D.to;at; The doctor worked five hours a A. for; B. on ; C.about ; D. for ; The teacher is coming back an A. B. C. D. I don’t like to the back　 right. I would like to A. on ; B. in ; C. on ; D. at ; 8 . The apple is the tree and the cat is the tree A. on ; B.on ; C. in ; D. in ; Lucy sits the third row Jim’s A. on ; B.in ; C. at ; D. in ; They are waiting a bus the bus A. for ; B. on ; C. for ; D. with ; and, but, or, forthat,whetherwhen, because, since, if 等。二、并列连词的用1.but, yet ，howeverIlikeapples,butmysisterlikesoranges.=Ilikeapples,however, my sister likes oranges.Hesaidhewasourfriend,yethewouldn’thelpus.2. for, so 等。如：Thechildhadabadcough,sohismothertookhimtothedoctor.孩子咳得很利害，所以妈带他去看医生。You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to seriouserrors.一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错注意：for3.andoreither…or neither…nornotonly…but(also)both…andaswellas He didn’t go and she didn’t go， either. 他没去，她也没去。Theweatherismildtoday;itisneitherhotnorcold.BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems.It is important for you as well as for me.People who are either under age or over age may not join the 1.when,while,as, Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。 Vegetablesarebestwhentheyarefresh. He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。before, after。如： Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。 After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我们since,until,till。She’sbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.He didn’ leave until the rain Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.as soon as,I’llletyouknowassoonasIhearfromher.我一接信就通知They are all I’mA. B. C. D . Which is gigger ,the sun the A. B. Do you have any brothers A. B. C. D. Do more you are not good at A. B. C. D. You have three boks; I have five books. I have two more books than you.A. B. D. —What do you want to ---A book twoA. B. C. D. Miss Li is taller her A. C. D. My brother goes to work on IA. B. C. D. I finish my　, I will watch A. B. C. D. She knew nothing about Hong shewent A. B. C. D. I’d like some bread A. B. C. D. Just let me know you need any A. C. D. Gao Shan was sad couldn’t find his A. B. C. D. （1）HelikeswatchingTV. Englishisveryusefulforus.Swimmingisa good sport.(2)1Westudyforthepeople.我们为人民学习。 We got there yesterday morning.2复合谓语：由“情态动词＋动词”构IcanspeakalittleEnglish.（3）表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语，特征，属性或Mysisterisanurse.Shelookshappy. WelikeEnglish.HegavemesomeinkWemakehimourmonitor.我们选他当班长。 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数Heisa newstudent.Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。 HelivesinLondonThechildrenareplayinghappily. 副词、名词、不定式、动词-ingWe will make our country more beautiful.（1）1Heisamiddleschoolstudent.（他是个中学生）/ She teachesusgeography.（她教我们地理）/Thenewplaywasgoodenoughand everybody enjoyed it.（新的话剧非常好大家都喜欢）▲陈述句的否定式：Mybrotherisnotateacher.（我的弟弟不是教师）/He doesnothaveacousin.（他没有堂兄弟）/Iwillnotgothere（明天我不去那儿）/Mymotherisnotcookingamealinthekitchen.（我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭）/Youmustnotmakesuchmistakesagain.（你不2 、疑问句：提出问题。分一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句如：Is he an engineer?（他是工程师吗？）Do you get up at six every morning?（你天天早晨六点起身吗？）/ Does she study hard?（她学习努力吗？）/ Did you go there yesterday?（昨天你去那儿了吗？）What do you want?（你要什么？）Why did he go to bed so early?（这么早睡觉？）/Howdidyougothere?（你是怎么去的那儿？）Doyouwantteaor coffee? He never went there, did he? (他从没有去过那里是吗？)3you▲祈使句的肯定式：动词()+其他如：Pleasegivemeahand.(请帮忙) / Shut up! (住嘴！)▲祈使句的否定式： Don’t +动词 + 其他 如：Please don’t talk low voices. (请不要低声。4如：What a good, kind girl (she is)! (她是多么善良的好！) / What bad weather (it is)! (天气真糟糕！)How carefully the old man walks! (这老人走路真！) / How delicious the food is! (这食品真好吃！) / How beautiful! (真美呀！)(2)1简单She laughed.2He works in this shop and he likes working 3The boy thinks that he can do this job 简单句五种基本句型1主谓句型：S－Vi I主系表句型 Johnis主谓宾句型 She studies 主谓双宾句型：S－Vt－O间宾－O直宾 My mother made me a new 主谓宾补句型 The story made Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest. His father didn’t come to see him yesterday.（1）bebeam，is， arewas，were。构成否定式时，一律在其后加否定词 Iam a student . →Iam not astudent not。Ican swim. →Icannot(can’t) （3）含有实义动词的句子变否定句时，要借助助动词 do,does,did 等来构成否定do,does，did。I like pop music. →I do not (don’t)like pop He likes running. →He does not (doesn’t)like Shedoesher　athome.→Shedoesn’tdoher　at He went to the zoo lask Sunday. →He didnot(didn’t)gotothezoo lask Sunday.三 疑问疑问句的定 用来提出问题的句子叫疑问句，句末问号Areyougoodatplayingbasketball? What are you looking for?He is in a red coat,isn’t Have you been there before? What day was it yesterday? Can you speak English or Chinese? Heisadriver,isn’the? 3 . 一般疑问句yesno一般疑问句。1beam/isI'minClass2,Grade1.→AreyouinClass2,Grade1?2do,does,did.She lives in Beijing. →Does she live in Beijing?I like English. →Do you like English?3 am / is / are一样，直接将它们提至主语前 I can spell it. →Can spell it?4少数口语化的一般疑问句. 如问一个与前文相同的问句时，可省略成"And you?"或"What / How about...?"等；甚至只抓 pen? 你的钢笔？YesNo,通常用简略形式回答。且答语中主语后的各种1IsthisyourEnglishbook？肯答： Yes，it is.否答： No，it AretheseyourEnglishbooks？肯答： Yes，they are.否答： No，they 2do 的各种形式引出的一般疑问句 答语中主语后用动词do的相应形DoyourparentslikeEnglish？肯答： Yes，they do.否答： No，they 3can,willcan,will---Can you sing and dance, ----Yes, I can./No, I 4mustmust，---Must we clean the ---Yes,you must. /No, you 特殊疑问句的构成:"特殊疑问词+一般疑问句"构成. How old are you? What's this in English?疑问形容词：what（which，whose）+whatWhatisinyourpocket？a：There is an egg in it.b：Aneggis（init）.What's in the room？ There are a lot of chairs in =A1otofchairsareinit.有许多椅子。What did you buy？Iboughtabike.我买了辆自行车。 What is this？这是什么？ It'sabench.这是一条长凳。Whatisyourmother？你是干什么的？Whatis+人？此句型是问人的职业，一般译为“是干什么的？” She is a teacher.她是个老师。Who，whom，whoseWho broke the window？（对主语提问☆whowhomwhoLi Ming Whoisthatwoman？（对表语提问）Sheismymother.她是我。（关系）或者：She is Rose.她是罗思。（）Whois+人？是询问的或与人关系的问句。与Whatis+人？（问人的Whoseisthisumbrella？这伞是谁的？ This umbrella is my sister's.whose（东西）……”。 Which is Tom's？（对主语提问）哪个是的？This is his.Whichdoeshewant？（对宾语提问）Hewantsthegreenone.他想要那个绿色的。what，who，whichwhat，which，whoseWhatsportsdoyoulike？（对宾语提问）I like basketball.Whosepensarethese？（对表语提问）They are Li Ming's.这些是的Whosefatherdiedtwoyearsago？（对主语提问）Whichpicturedidyoutake？（对宾语提问）哪一张是你拍的？I took the one on the 句型：疑问副词+一般疑问句的语序（疑问副词在句中作状语，所以它们不可能对主语提问whenWhen were you born？（I was born）on June 5, 196265whenWhen will you go to Japan？你什么时候去（I'll go there）next year.☆when（×）When have you been （○）Howlonghaveyoubeenhere？（○）Whendidyoucomehere？whereWhere do you live？（Ilivein）Beijing.（可以简略回答出地点）Whereareyougoing？你准备去什么地方？ I am going to Japan.我准备去。whybecauseWhy are you late？你为什么Because I met the 因为我遇上了Why didn't you see the movie？ Whydidyounotseethemovie？Because I had seen it before. how 询问如何地做某事即做某事的方法、及健康、天气How do you go to school？（问方式） Igotoschoolbybus.我坐公共汽车。 How are you？（问健康）你身体怎样？I'mfine.Thankyou！我很好。谢谢你。 How is the weather today？（问天气）It'scloudy.今天多云。 b：How +形容词（副词1how oftenHow often does Bob watch 2how muchHow much is the 3 how manyHow many people are there in your 4 how oldHow old is your father 5how longHow long did you stay 6how soonHow soon will you be or，or，or 后面用降调，句末用问号。1or+Shallwegotherebybus,bikeortrain?Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?（备选对象Didyoustayathomeoratschoolyesterday?2or+Whichwouldyoulikebest,English,ChineseorMath?学科，英语、语文还是数学？ （备选对象为三者）WhenwillyougotoCanada,SundayorMonday?你何时去，星(2)选择疑问句的回 不能用Yes /No来回答----Shall we play basketballor ----Play ①Sheoftenhaslunchatschool,doesn'tshe?②Youdon'tlike sports, do you?①Youcan'tdoit,canyou?②Theyareverylateforthemeeting, aren't they?①He has supper at home every day, doesn't he? （hasn't ②They have known the matter, haven't they? （don't they?）①Theywillgototownsoon,won'tthey?（don'tthey?aren't ②He works very hard, doesn't he?（didn't he?won't unimindis①Your father is unhappy, isn't he?（is ②The man is dishonest, isn't he? （is ③ItisimpossibletolearnEnglishwithoutrememberingmorewords, isn't it?（is it ?）little,few,never,hardly,seldom①She never ls a lie, does she?（不用doesn't ②He was seldom late, was he?（wasn't　I am a very honest man, aren't I(We)think(believe,suppose,consider) that 从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与 that 从句内的动词和主语保持一致。①I think that he has done his best, hasn't ②We think that English is very useful, isn't it? （don't I(We) don't think(believe, suppose, consider)+thatthat①I don't think that you can do it, can you? （do ②We don't believe that the news is true, is it? （do we?）think(believe,suppose,consider)that①They all think that English is very important, don't they? （isn't ②Hedidn'tthinkthatthenewswastrue,didhe?（wasn't/was 十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + ①They said that you had finished your w