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2019英语四级考试仔细阅读模拟题1Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict.Ifthethingstobefoundareactuallynew,theyarebydefinitionunknowninadvance.Youcannotmakechoicesinthismatter.Youeitherhavescienceoryoudon't,andifyouhaveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwiththeneatandpromptlyusefulbits.TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweareprofoundlyignorantaboutnature.Indeed,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundredyearsofbiology.Itis,initsway,anilluminating(启发)pieceofHYPERLINKnews.Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment(启蒙运动)tobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewildering(迷惑)seemsthewayahead.Itisthissuddenconfrontation(对抗)withthedepthandscopeofignorancethatrepresentsthemostsignificantcontributionofthe20thcenturysciencetothehumanintellect.Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.Nowthatwehavebegunexploringinearnest,wearegettingglimpsesofhowhugethequestionsare,andhowfarfrombeinganswered.Becauseofthis,wearedepressed.Itisnotsobadbeingignorantifyouaretotallyignorant;thehardthingisknowinginsomedetailtherealityofignorance,theworstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelightattheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.Butwearemakingabeginning,andthereoughttobesomesatisfaction.Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan'tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Tobesure,theremaywellbequestionswecan'tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpayattention.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatscientistsofthe18thcentury.thoughtthattheyknewagreatdealandcouldsolvemostproblemsofsciencewereafraidoffacinguptotherealitiesofscientificresearchknewthattheywereignorantandwantedtoknowmoreaboutnaturedidmoreharmthangoodinpromotingman'sunderstandingofnatureAccordingtotheauthor,reallygoodscience.wouldsurprisethebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenmentwillproduceresultswhichcannotbeforeseenwillhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvancewillbringaboutdisturbingresultsWhichofthefollowingstatemcntsisNOTtrueofscientistsinearliertimes?Theyinventedfalsetheoriestoexplainthingstheydidn'tunderstand.Theyfalselyclaimedtoknowallaboutnature.Theydidnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobservation.Theypaidlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn'tunderstand.Theauthorbelievesthat.mancanfindsolutionstowhateverquestionsconcerningnaturehecanthinkupmancannotsolvealltheproblemshecanthinkupbecauseofthelimitsofhumanintellectsoonerorlatermancanthinkupallthequestionsconcerningnatureandanswerthemquestionsconcerningconsciousnessareoutsidethescopeofscientificresearchW
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