-新教材高中英语高效作业4Unit1PeopleofAchievementPeriodⅣWriting含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGEPAGE7PeriodⅣWritingⅠ.阅读理解ABornonMay27，1907inSpringdale,Pennsylvania,RachelCarsonbecameanavidexploreraswellasreader,andtookaninterestinwritingstories.Byage10,shehadpublishedherfirststoryinSt.Nicholas.Shewouldoftenreadthismagazine,aswellasmanyothersthatconcernedthenaturalworld.In1925,shefinishedatthetopofherclassinhighschoolinaclassof45students.CarsonwouldgoontoattendthePennsylvaniaCollegeforWomen,whichisknownasChathamUniversitynow.Thisiswhereshewouldenduppursuingthesciences.ShewouldeventuallyattendJohnsHopkinsUniversityin1929,continuingherstudiesinzoologyandgenetics.CarsoncompletedherMaster'sinzoologyinJuneof1932,andwenttoworkatalocalradiostation.HereshewouldwriteeducationalbroadcastsforaweeklyradioshowcalledRomanceUndertheWaters.ThisledhertoherjobattheU．S.BureauofFisheries,andshebecamejustthesecondwomantobeemployedbythebureau.In1951,CarsonhadherbookTheSeaAroundUspublished,whichexplainsthecomplexityoftheoceantonon­scientists.Carsonwrotethebookwithpoetryandscience,andsheintendedtosparkinherreadersasenseofthefragilityoftheworld'secosystem.TheSeaAroundUsmadeCarsonthevoiceofpublicscienceinAmerica,aninternationallyrecognisedauthorityontheoceans,andestablishedherreputationasanaturewriterofthefirstrank.In1962,Carsonbecamewell­knownwhenhermostfamousbookSilentSpringwaspublished.Thisbookdescribedthenegativeeffectsofpesticidesontheenvironment.Herconcernwithpesticidesdatedbacktothe1940s,butnoonewouldtakeherseriouslyuntilthisbookwasfinallypublished.OnApril14,1964,Carsonpassedawayduetoaheartattackbutherworktowardspreservingtheenvironmenthascontinuedtothisday.SilentSpringwasevenrepublishedin1994withanintroductionfromthenvice­presidentAIGore.(A)1．WhatdoweknowaboutCarson'searlylife?A．ShewasagreatfanofSt.Nicholas.B．Sheworkedataradiostation.C．Shepursuedthesciencesinhighschool.D．ShemovedtoSpringdaleattheageof10.(C)2．Accordingtothepassage,TheSeaAroundUs________．A．isasciencebookforprofessionalsB．waspublishedafterCarsonpassedawayC．aimedtoraisepublicenvironmentalawarenessD．hasmadeCarsonafictionwriterofinternationalsignificance(D)3．WhatmightbeAIGore'sattitudetowardSilentSpring?A．Critical.B．Ambiguous.C．Skeptical.D．Approving.答案及解析：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位著名的科学家兼作家RachelCarson的有关情况。1．A细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Byage10,shehadpublishedherfirststoryinSt.Nicholas.Shewouldoftenreadthismagazine,aswellasmanyothersthatconcernedthenaturalworld.(到了10岁，她在St.Nicholas发表了她的第一篇小说。她经常读这本杂志，以及许多其他有关自然世界的杂志)”可知，RachelCarson从小就喜欢看St.Nicholas这本杂志，是其忠实的读者。故选A。2．C推理判断题。根据第四段“Carsonwrotethebookwithpoetryandscience,andsheintendedtosparkinherreadersasenseofthefragilityoftheworld'secosystem.(RachelCarson用诗歌和科学来写这本书，她想激发读者对世界生态系统脆弱性的认识)”可知，RachelCarson写这本书目的是提高人们对环保的意识。故选C。3．D推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“SilentSpringwasevenrepublishedin1994withanintroductionfromthenvice­presidentAIGore.(《寂静的春天》在1994年再版时，甚至是由当时任副总统AIGore写的介绍)”可推知，副总统AIGore对《寂静的春天》这本书的态度是非常认可和支持的。故选D。BGuanmei,a65­year­oldwomanoftheDongethnicgroup,istheinheritoroftheGrandSongofDong(侗族大歌),anationalintangibleculturalheritageinChina.HerhometownZaidaiVillageinGuizhou,southwesternChina,ishometotheGrandSongoftheDongethnicgroup.TheGrandSongofDongdatesfrommorethan2，500yearsago.ThewayDongsingersusetheirvocalcords(声带)isdifferentfromhowformallytrainedsingersdo.Itisafolkchoruswithmulti­parts,noconductor,andnoaccompaniment.Organicallygrowingfromtheirnaturalsurroundings,itisrecognisedinternationallyas“theSoundofNature”．BeforetheDongpeoplehadawritingsystemin1958,theDongculture,theirhistoryandstorieswereallrecordedbymeansofsongs.AsaDongsayinggoes,“Ricefeedsthebodyandsongsenrichthesoul”.TheDongpeoplesingrightfromtheirchildhood.Whilenotsinging,theyallworkintheirricefield.GuanmeihasbeensingingtheGrandSongofDongallherlife,makingherafamoussingingteacherinherhometownandnearbyareas.“Thesongsareourmeansofpassingonwisdom,knowledgeandlifeexperiencestoothers.Iwillnotexistinthisworld100yearslater,butGrandSongofDongwill.I'mhonouredtodothisjob，”Guanmeisaid.Kind­hearted,GuanmeihasbeenvolunteeringtoteachtheGrandSongofDongtotheDongchildrenforover30years.Nowshehasmorethan300students.Guanmeiispleasedtoseethevillagechildrencometoherhousewillinglywhentheyhavefreetime.“Nowadays,moreandmoreyoungpeopleleavethevillageandsettleincities.Decadeslater,theDongchildrenoutofthevillagemightknownothingaboutGrandSongofDong.Weshoulddosomethingjustnow.It'sourmission.Whatisoncelostmightbelostforever，”addedGuanmei.(D)4．WhatmakestheGrandSongofDongknownas“theSoundofNature”？A．Theoutstandingconductor.B．Thespecialmusicalinstrument.C．Theattractivenaturalenvironment.D．Theinspirationfromnature.(C)5．WhatcanweknowabouttheDongethnicculture?A．TheDongsingersareprofessionals.B．TheDongculturebefore1958hasbeenlargelylost.C．SingingisofvitalimportancetotheDongpeople.D．Theyhaveawrittenlanguagewithahistoryofover2，500years.(A)6．HowdoesGuanmeifeelaboutthefutureofGrandSongofDong?A．Concerned.B．Sympathetic.C．Optimistic.D．Satisfied.(C)7．What'stheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A．TocallonyoungpeopletoreturntotheDongvillage.B．ToguidetheDongchildrentolearntheGrandSongofDong.C．Toshowawoman'seffortstokeeptheDongculturealive.D．ToinstructpeopletoappreciatetheGrandSongofDong.答案及解析：【语篇解读】文章介绍了关梅为保持侗族文化的活力所做的努力。4．D细节理解题。由第二段中“ThewayDongsingersusetheirvocalcords(声带)isdifferentfromhowformallytrainedsingersdo.Itisafolkchoruswithmulti­parts,noconductor,andnoaccompaniment.Organicallygrowingfromtheirnaturalsurroundings,itisrecognizedinternationallyas‘theSoundofNature’．”可知，侗族大歌是从自然环境中所得到的灵感，所以被称为“自然之声”，故选D。5．C细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知，歌曲在侗族的文化中意义重大。选项C与文章内容相符，故选C。6．A推理判断题。由最后一段中“‘Decadeslater,theDongchildrenoutofthevillagemightknownothingaboutGrandSongofDong.Weshoulddosomethingjustnow.It'sourmission.Whatisoncelostmightbelostforever，’addedGuanmei.”可推知，对于侗族大歌的未来，关梅是担忧的。选项A符合题意，故选A。7．C推理判断题。由第一段“Guanmei,a65­year­oldwomanoftheDongethnicgroup,istheinheritoroftheGrandSongofDong(侗族大歌),anationalintangibleculturalheritageinChina.”，第四段中“GuanmeihasbeensingingtheGrandSongofDongallherlife,makingherafamoussingingteacherinherhometownandnearbyareas.”和第五段“Kind­hearted,GuanmeihasbeenvolunteeringtoteachtheGrandSongofDongtotheDongchildrenforover30years.”可知，本篇文章主要介绍了为了侗族大歌能够得到传承，关梅所做的努力，故选C。Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The2020NobelPrizeforChemistry1．__was__awarded__(award)toEmmanuelleCharpentierandJenniferA.DoudnaonOctober7,2020.Thetwofemalescientistswontheprize2．__for__thedevelopmentofamethodofgenome(基因组)editing.Geneeditinghasawide3．__application__(apply)acrosstheworld.Itcan4．__directly__(direct)changetheDNAofalifeformandhasthepotentialofleadingto5．__beneficial__(benefit)results.OneofthemostconvenientmethodsofgeneeditingiscalledCRISPR/Cas9,6．__which__wasdiscoveredbythetwoNobelwinners.ThemethodenablesscientiststocutasequenceofDNAintotwopieces,7．__allowing__(allow)natureto“repair”it.Duringtherepairprocess,errorswillbeintroducedtocreateadifferentsequenceofDNA,thusresultinginan8．__edited__(edit)gene.Insimplewords,CRISPR/Cas9isthe“scissors”ofgenes.ThegreatnessofCRISPR/Cas9liesinextremeaccuracy.Italsoenableshumanstobreed(培育)moreplantvarietiesanddevelopbettertreatmentforcancer.Inthefuture,thediscovery9．__will__be__expected__(expect)tohavearevolutionaryimpactonthelifescienceandmakethedreamofcuringsomediseasescometrue.TherewasnotraditionalNobelAwardingCeremonyinStockholmduetotheCOVID­19,10．__and__anonlineversionwasheldinstead.答案及解析：【语篇解读】2020年诺贝尔化学奖被授予了埃玛纽埃勒·沙尔庞捷和詹尼佛·A·杜德娜，两人开发了一种基因组编辑法。1．wasawarded考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语October7,2020可知，时态用一般过去时。动词award意为“把(某物)授予(某人)”，和主语The2020NobelPrizeforChemistry构成被动关系，故用被动语态，主语为表示单数意义的The2020NobelPrizeforChemistry，故填wasawarded。2．for考查介词。此处是指因为某事而获奖，表示“因为”，应用介词for。3．application考查名词。根据空前的冠词a和形容词wide可知，此处需用名词作has的宾语，apply的名词形式为application，故填application。4．directly考查副词。修饰动词change，应用副词。故填directly。5．beneficial考查形容词。修饰名词results作定语，应用形容词，beneficial意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。6．which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词CRISPR/Cas9，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。7．allowing考查非谓语动词。动词allow和谓语动词enables之间没有连词，应用非谓语动词形式，动词allow和主句构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作结果状语。8．edited考查非谓语动词。动词edit意为“编辑”，和逻辑主语gene构成被动关系，且此处动作已完成，应用过去分词作定语。故填edited。9．willbeexpected考查动词时态及语态。根据时间状语Inthefuture可知，应用一般将来时。动词expect和主语thediscovery构成被动关系。10．and考查连词。前句“TherewasnotraditionalNobelAwardingCeremonyinStockholmduetotheCOVID­19”和后句“anonlineversionwasheldinstead”构成顺承关系，应用并列连词and。Ⅲ.写作你校英语报拟开展“我最敬佩的先锋”征文活动。请从下面四幅图中任选一位，根据内容提示写一篇英语短文。YuanLongpingLangPingJackMaT