高考英语一轮复习提能练十六Unit1Womenofachievement含解析

PAGEPAGE8Unit1WomenofachievementⅠ.阅读理解A(2020·江西省重点高中盟校第一次联考)SaraBlakelywascheckinginatanairportlastweekwhenastranger，rushingpast，spottedher.“Thetwobestinventionsofthepast100years：Spanxandwheelsonsuitcases，”thewomanspokeoutacrossthebusyhall.Foryears，managingthecompanyshefoundedinGeorgia，USin2000，whichhasrevolutionizedunderwear，Saraiswellusedtosuchsituation.Sarahascreatedsome200kindsofproductsbeingsoldinmorethan50countries，whichhashelpedSarabecometheworld'syoungestselfmadefemalebillionaireatonetime.ThenameSpanx，Saraagreed，isprobablyasresponsibleforthebrand'ssuccessastheproducts，anditcametoherwhenshewassittingintrafficoneday.Thatnight，shewentonlineandregisteredSpanxasatrademark.Sarahasallherbestideasincarsandonplanes.Althoughsheonlylivesfiveminutesawayfromtheoffice，shewilloftenleavehomehalfanhourearlyeverymorning，drivingaroundthecity.Sara'sambitionsincechildhoodhasbeentofollowherfatherintothelaw.ShefailedtheLawSchoolAdmissionTest.ThenshegotherfirstjobatWaltDisneyWorld.Afterthreemonthsthere，shestoppedtosellfaxmachinesdoortodoorforthecompanyDanka.Shedidsuchajobforsevenyears.But，asshesaid，shewouldn'thavebeenabletobuildSpanxwithoutthat．“Ilearnedthat‘no'doesn'talwaysmean‘no'，andthatyoumayget30noesbeforeyougetoneyes.PeopletoldmenowithSpanxfortwoyearsandIbelieveSpanx'sfutureisbright，”shesaid.Whileshesoldfaxmachinesbyday，atnightshetookpartinlocalamateuropen­miccomedysessions.“Ijustwasn'tgettingenoughrejectionduringthedaysoI'dtrytogetabitmoreatnight，”sheoftentoldherteam.语篇解读美国知名内衣品牌Spanx的创始人SaraBlakely一度是世界上最年轻的白手起家的女性亿万富翁。本文主要介绍了她创建Spanx的经历等。1．Accordingtothetext，SaraBlakely________．A．istheyoungestfemalebillionaireB．inventedSpanxandwheelsoncasesC．likestogreetstrangersattheairportD．broughtgreatchangestoothers'lifeD[考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Thetwobestinventionsofthepast100years：Spanxandwheelsonsuitcases”“whichhasrevolutionizedunderwear”等信息可推断出，SaraBlakely改变了内衣行业，改变了人们的生活。]2．WhydoesSaraBlakelyleavehomeearlyinthemorning?A．Tovisitthecity.B．Tohavearestinthecar.C．Togetthinkingtime.D．Togotoworkearly.C[考查推理判断。第二段谈到SaraBlakely的很多主意都是在车上和飞机上想出来的，甚至公司的名字也是在车上想出来的，因此，尽管办公室离她家只有5分钟的路程，但她要早早出门，绕着城市开车，目的是给自己一些思考的时间，以便得到灵感。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A．HersalesexperienceinDanka.B．Theideaofregisteringatrademark.C．Thedreaminherchildhood.D．HerfirstjobatWaltDisneyWorld.A[考查代词指代。画线词所在句前面谈到SaraBlakely在Danka公司的工作是上门推销传真机，下文讲到她(销售时)一次次被拒绝的经历帮助了她，由此可知，推销传真机锻炼了她的销售能力，这段经历对她建立Spanx有益，故选A。]4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Spanx：oneofthebestinventionsB．ExploreSpanx：itshistoryandfutureC．Lifelesson：facerejectionbravelyD．MeetSaraBlakely：thefounderofSpanxD[考查标题判断。本文主要介绍了美国内衣公司Spanx的创始人SaraBlakely的相关情况：她的影响和成就、创建Spanx的灵感来源和早期的工作基础。故D项适合作文章标题。]B(2020·长春市高三质量监测一)Althoughsmallbusinesstrainingandcreditprogramshavebecomemorecommonthroughouttheworld，littleattentionhasbeenpaidtotheneedofyoungpeople，andevenlesstothechildrenlivingonthestreetorindifficultconditions.Overthepastnineyears，StreetKidsInternational(SKI)hasbeenworkingwithpartnerorganizationsinAfrica，LatinAmericaandIndiatosupporttheeconomiclivesofstreetchildrenanddevelopopportunitiesforstreetchildrentoearnincome.TheSKIBicycleCourierServicefirststartedinSudan，Streetchildrenwhotookpartinitweregivenbicycles，whichtheyusedtodeliverparcelsandmessages.AsimilarprogramwastakenupinBangalore，India.TheShoeshineCollectivewasaprogramwiththeYWCAintheDominicanRepublic.Thechildreninthisprojectwerelentmoneytobuyshoeshineboxes.Theywerealsogivenasafeplacetostoretheirequipment，andfacilitiesforindividualsavingsplans.TheYouthSkillsEnterpriseInitiativeinZambiaisaprogramwiththeRedCrossSocietyandtheYWCA.Streetyouthsaresupportedtostarttheirownsmallbusinessthroughbusinesstraining，lifeskillstrainingandaccesstocredit.Duringtheprogram，SKIandpartnerorganizationshavedrawnlessonsfromthepast：Firstofall，beingabusinessmanisnotforeveryone，norforeverystreetchild.Anditisimportantforallloanstobelinkedtotrainingprogramsthatincludethedevelopmentofbasicbusinessandlifeskills.Secondly，smallloansareprovidedfirstlyforbuyingfixedassetssuchasbicycles，shoeshinekitsandbasicbuildingmaterialsforamarketstall(摊位).Asthechildrengainexperience，theycanbegivenmoreloanamounts.AndallSKIprogramshavechargedinterestontheloans.Generallytherateshavebeenlowerthanbankrates.Mostimportantly，itisbelievedthatcreditmustbegivenwithothertypesofsupport，thathelptheyoungdevelopkeylifeskillsaswellasproductivebusinesses.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。近几年来，国际儿童救助组织StreetKidsInternational与它在非洲、拉丁美洲和印度的合作组织一同为流浪儿童的生活提供经济支援，并帮助他们学习技能，开始自己的小生意来获得收入。5．HowdoesSKIhelpthestreetchildren?A．Bygivingthestreetchildrenchancestogotoschool.B．Byencouragingthepublictogivemoneytostreetchildren.C．Bycreatingchancesforstreetchildrentomakemoney.D．Bydrawingtheattentionofgovernmentstohelpstreetchildren.C[考查细节理解。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“developopportunitiesforstreetchildrentoearnincome”可知，国际儿童救助组织SKI通过为流浪儿童创造赚取收入的机会来帮助他们，故选C项。]6．Streetyouthscanbelentmoneytobuyshoeshineboxesin________．A．theDominicanRepublic. B．ZambiaC．India D．SudanA[考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词shoeshineboxes定位至文章第三段，根据该段第四、五句可知，在多米尼亚共和国，流浪儿童可以借钱买擦鞋箱。故选A项。]7．Theunderlinedword“assets”inthelastparagraphprobablycanbereplacedby________．A．clothing B．vehiclesC．equipment D．housesC[考查词义猜测。根据画线词后的“suchasbicycles，shoeshinekitsandbasicbuildingmaterials”可知，此处表示小额贷款首先用于购买流浪儿童赚钱所用的固定工具，故选C。]8．Fromthelastparagraphweknowthat________．A．eachchildcanonlyenjoyonekindofloanB．notallloansshouldbelinkedtotrainingprogramsC．anychildcanapplyforthebusinesstrainingandloanD．thechildrenhavetopaybackslightlymoremoneythantheyborrowD[考查推理判断。根据尾段中的“AndallSKIprogramshavechargedinterestontheloans.Generallytherateshavebeenlowerthanbankrates”可知，所有的SKI项目都对贷款收取利息，通常利率不高，据此可推知，孩子们要还的钱稍多于借到的钱，故选D。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·济南市4月模拟)Asthetemperatureapproachedashighas90°FlastJuly4th，threepoliceofficerswentintoaFoodsMarkettogetsomething__1__todrink.Onceinside，theywereaskedbyasecurityguardtohelpwitha__2__woman.Thewomaninquestionwasobviously__3__，andhercheekswerewetwithtears.Theofficerslookedinsideherbag.Alltheysawwerecontainersof__4“I'mhungry，”sheexplained__5__．Caughtred­handed，thewomanwasnodoubtexpectedtobetreatedasa__6__．Butthepolicehadother__7__．“We'llpayforherfood，”oneofthemtoldthe__8__securityguard.Shewouldnotbe__9__．Dryingherwet__10__，thewomanrepeated，“Thankyou，thankyou.”Shewasn'ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactof__11__．Customersatthestoreweresoimpressedbywhatthey'd__12__thatsomeevenpostedaphotoonsocialmedia.__13__，attentionwasneverwhattheofficerssought.Theywere__14__byafarmorecommonemotion.Whenwelookatsomeone'sfaceandseethattheyneedus，it'spretty__15__asahumanbeingtowalkawayfromsomethinglikethis.语篇解读文章属于记叙文，讲述了三名警官人性化处理一起涉嫌偷窃事件的故事。1．A.safe B．sweetC．clean D．coldD[根据首句中“thetemperatureapproachedashighas90°FlastJuly4th”和生活常识判断，由于气温高2．A.wounded B．suspectedC．reported D．wrongedB[根据“Thewomaninquestion”以及下文警官们在这个女子的包里发现的食品可知，她是被怀疑的。suspected“被怀疑的，涉嫌的”。]3．A.scared B．disappointedC．puzzled D．annoyedA[根据下文这个女子有行窃行为且当场被抓，满脸泪水可判断，她很害怕。]4．A.clothes B．medicineC．toys D．foodD[根据第二段中“I'mhungry”以及“We'llpayforherfood”判断，这个女子包里是食物。]5．A.politely B．loudlyC．seriously D．helplesslyD[根据后一句中“Caughtred­handed”，即当场被抓住可知，这个女子很无助地解释。此处helplessly意为“无能为力地，无助地”。]6．A.thief B．beggarC．victim D．customerA[根据上文情节以及“Caughtred­handed”可知，这个女子毫无疑问会被当作小偷。]7．A.facts B．secretsC．ideas D．reasonsC[根据下文警官为这个女子的食物付钱判断，此处表示警官有其他想法。idea意为“想法，构思，主意”。]8．A.rude B．surprisedC．patient D．embarrassedB[根据第一段中“theywereaskedbyasecurityguardtohelpwitha________woman”以及情节发展可知，保安原本以为这个女子会被当成小偷，因此警官的做法让他感到诧异。]9．A.arrested B．employedC．kept D．doubtedA[警官为她的食物付了钱，她不会被拘捕了。arrest“逮捕”。]10．A.bag B．handsC．packet D．cheeksD[根据第一段中“andhercheekswerewetwithtears”可知，此处表示这个女子擦干了湿润的脸颊。]11．A.caution B．sympathyC．justice D．faithB[根据上文情节判断，警官的做法应该出于同情，此处表示她并不是唯一一个被这种同情行为感动的人。]12．A.ignored B．expectedC．witnessed D．recognizedC[根据“Shewasn'ttheonlyonetouchedbythisactof”以及下文可知，此处表示这家商店的顾客对他们所看到的事印象深刻，甚至有人在网上发布了一张照片。witness意为“目击，亲眼看见”。]13．A.However B．ThereforeC．Besides D．InsteadA[根据语境可知，上下文为转折关系，表示“然而，警官们从来都不想引起注意”。]14．A.attracted B．controlledC．required D．drivenD[此处表示他们被一种更为普遍的情感所驱使。drive意为“驱使，迫使”。]15．A.typical B．amazingC．difficult D．sillyC[根据句意并结合上文情节可知，当我们看着别人的脸并清楚他们需要我们的时候，作为一个人，我们很难对类似的事情置之不理并扬长而去。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟考试)BecauseofRichardSears'enthusiasmfor1.________(tradition)Chineseculture，hebeganlearningChinesein1972.2.________(attract)bytheancientlanguage，SearsoftenwentbackandforthbetweenChinaandAmerica.In1994，afterhisrecoveryfromasevereheartattack，hemadea3.________(decide)tomaketheancientChinesecharacters，Jiaguwen，availableonline.Fromthenon，SearsstartedprogrammingandbuildingadatabaseofJiaguwen.4.________tookhimsevenyearstoscanthecharactersinChineseancientbooks.In2002，theJiaguwenenthusiast'swebsite5.________(create)，thoughwithonlyafewpageviewsperdayinthebeginning.Itroseto600，000perdayin2011afterabloggerrecommendedthesite6.________aChinesesocialmediaplatform.“Ibecamefamous7.________(instant)andwasgivenanickname‘UncleHanzi’，”Searssaidwithasmile.Uptillnow，thewebsitehasbeencontinuouslyupdated，8.________givesloversoftheancientlanguagefromall