杭州师范大学堪培拉教育领导与管理硕士项目

杭州师范大学堪培拉教育领导与管理硕士项目

《英语》入学考试模拟试卷PARTALISTENING(共30分，每小题1分)Readthesenotescarefully:Youwillheareverythingtwice.WriteallyouranswersonyourAnswerSheet.Questions1-8Youwillheartwotelephoneconversations.Writedownonewordornumberineachofthenumberedspacesontheformsbelow.Conversation1(Questions1-4)RentinganApartmentRequirements:80poundsto(1)poundsamonthneartheuniversityina(2)streettwobedroomsthekitchenandthediningroomseparateor(3)Appointment:meetingat(4)o,clocktomorrowmorningConversation2(Questions5-8)BookingaHotelRoomTimetostay:August12thto(5)Roomtype:adoubleroom,(6),onhigherfloorsPrice:$(7)pernightincludingbreakfastandone(8)serviceQuestions9-13Youwillhearfivepeopletalkingaboutwhethertheywriteforthemselvesorfortheirreaders.Forquestions9to13,choosefromthelistAtoFwhateachspeakersays.Usethelettersonlyonce.Thereisoneextraletterwhichyoudonotneedtouse.《英语》试题（第1页共10页）

Italldependsonthetypeofwriting.Ialwayswriteformyselfandnevercareaboutthereaders.IdefinitelywriteformyselfbutItrynottocauseunnecessaryoffences.Iactuallywritebothformyselfandformyreaders.IhavenoideaatallforwhomIwrite.Iwritemostlyformyselfandhopeforanyreadership.Speaker1Italldependsonthetypeofwriting.Ialwayswriteformyselfandnevercareaboutthereaders.IdefinitelywriteformyselfbutItrynottocauseunnecessaryoffences.Iactuallywritebothformyselfandformyreaders.IhavenoideaatallforwhomIwrite.Iwritemostlyformyselfandhopeforanyreadership.Speaker1Speaker2Speaker3Speaker4Speaker5Questions14-23Lookatthetenstatements.Youwillhearaschoolproposal.Decidewhetheryouthinkeachstatementisright,wrongornotmentioned.MarkyouranswersonyourAnswerSheetTheschoolcombinesdifferentlearningphilosophies.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedTheschoolconsistsofthreelevelsofeducation.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedThereisateacherandateacher,saidforevery14students.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedTheschoolchargesahightuitionduetothegoodpupil/teacherratios.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedStudentsofthesameagefromdifferentclassesstudytogetherinthemorning.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedMontessorimethodiswidelyadoptedinpreschoolsintheUnitedStates.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedStudentsmakelunchtogetherintheschool.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned《英语》试题（第2页共10页）Someoftheafternoonclubsarecompulsory.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedStudentswillbeassignedhomeworkafternatureexperiences.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedTheideaofsmallclasssizesisbasedonClassicalEducationapproach.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotmentionedSECTION4Questions24-30Lookatthequestions.YouwillhearastorytitledTickettoHappiness.Forquestions24-30,indicatewhichofthealternativesA,B,orCisthemostappropriateresponse.MarkoneletterA,BorConyourAnswerSheetAaron,sbirthdayisin.AugustSeptemberOctoberBeforecomingacrossMichaelTeicher,theBrunseshadwalkedthestreetsfor.twohoursthreehourshalfofthedayThelowestpricefortwoticketsfromscalpersis.A.$175B.$350C.$525Whenfindingthathisfathercouldn,taffordtobuyticketsfromscalpers,Aaron.felthelplesswasfrustrateddidn,tcomplainJoePodestacouldn,twatchtheWorldSeriesgamesthistimebecause.hesufferedfromaheartattackhewouldattendabusinessmeetinghehadtogothroughaheartsurgeryJoePodestarequiredtogivethetickettopeoplewhowould.dosomethinginreturnforhiscompanybesincerelygratefulforhiskindnessbereallyexcitedtogetthem《英语》试题（第3页共10页）WhenMichaelTeicherwasakid,he.nevergotachancetowatchaWorldSeriesgamewithhisfatherneveraskedhisfathertowatchtheWorldSeriesgameswithhimgotonlyonechancetowatchaWorldSeriesgamewithhisfatherPARTBREADING(共50分，每小题2分)ReadingPassage1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-12whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.Right-andleft-handednessinhumansWhydohumans,virtuallyaloneamongallanimalspecies,displayadistinctleftofright-handedness?Notevenourclosestrelativesamongtheapespossesssuchdecidedlateralasymmetry,aspsychologistscallit.Yetabout90percentofeveryhumanpopulationthathaseverlivedappearstohavebeenright-handed.ProfessorBryanTurneratDeakinUniversityhasstudiedtheresearchliteratureonleft-handednessandfoundthathandednessgoeswithsidedness.Sonineoutofthepeopleareright-handedandeightareright-footed.Henotedthatthisdistinctiveasymmetryinthehumanpopulationisitselfsystematic.‘Humansthinkincategories:blackandwhite,upanddown,leftandright.It,sasystemofsignsthatenablesustocategorisephenomenathatareessentiallyambiguous.,Researchhasshownthatthereisageneticorinheritedelementtohandedness.Butwhileleft-handednesstendstoruninfamilies,neitherleftnorrighthanderswillautomaticallyproduceoff-springwiththesamehandedness;infactabout6percentofchildrenwithtworight -handedparentswillbeleft-handed.However,amongtwoleft-handedparents,perhaps40percentofthechildrenwillalsobeleft-handed.Withonerightandoneleft-handedparent,15to20percentoftheoffspringwillbeleft-handed.Evenamongidenticaltwinswhohaveexactlythesamegenes,oneinsixpairswilldifferintheirhandedness.Whatthenmakespeopleleft-handedifitisnotsimplygenetic?Otherfactorsmustbeatworkandresearchershaveturnedtothebrainforclues.Inthe1860stheFrenchsurgeonandanthropologist,DrPaulBroca,madetheremarkablefindingthatpatientswhohadlosttheirpowersofspeechasaresultofastroke(abloodclotinthebrain)hadparalysisoftherighthalfoftheirbody.Henotedthatsincethelefthemisphereofthebraincontrolstherighthalfofthebody,andviceversa,thebraindamagemusthavebeeninthebrain,slefthemisphere.Psychologistsnowbelievethatamongright-handedpeople,probably95percenthavetheirlanguagecentreinthelefthemisphere,while5percenthaveright-sidedlanguage.Left-handers,however,donotshowthe《英语》试题（第4页共10页）reversepatternbutinsteadamajorityalsohavetheirlanguageinthelefthemisphere.Some30percenthaverighthemispherelanguage.DrBrinkman,abrainresearcherattheAustralianNationalUniversityinCanberra,hassuggestedthatevolutionofspeechwentwithright-handedpreference.AccordingtoBrinkman,asthebrainevolved,onesidebecamespecializedforfinecontrolofmovement(necessaryforproducingspeech)andalongwiththisevolutioncameright-handpreference.AccordingtoBrinkman,mostleft-handershavelefthemispheredominancebutalsosomecapacityintherighthemisphere.Shehasobservedthatifaleft-handedpersonisbrain-damagedinthelefthemisphere,therecoveryofspeechisquiteoftenbetterandthisisexplainedbythefactthatleft-handershaveamorebilateralspeechfunction.Inherstudiesofmacaquemonkeys,Brinkmanhasnoticedthatprimates(monkeys)seemtolearnahandpreferencefromtheirmotherinthefirstyearoflifebutthiscouldbeonehandortheother.Inhumans,however,thespecialisationinfunctionofthetwohemispheresresultsinanatomicaldifferences:areasthatareinvolvedwiththeproductionofspeechareusuallylargerontheleftsidethanontheright.Sincemonkeyshavenotacquiredtheartofspeech,onewouldnotexpecttoseesuchavariationbutBrinkmanclaimstohavediscoveredatrendinmonkeystowardstheasymmetrythatisevidentinthehumanbrain.TwoAmericanresearchers,GeschwindandGalaburda,studiedthebrainsofhumanembryosanddiscoveredthattheleft-rightasymmetryexistsbeforebirth.Butasthebraindevelops,anumberofthingscanaffectit.Everybrainisinitiallyfemaleinitsorganizationanditonlybecomesamalebrainwhenthemalefoetusbeginstosecretehormones.GeschwindandCalaburdaknewthatdifferentpartsofbrainmatureatdifferentrates;therighthemispheredevelopsfirst,thentheleft.Moreover,agirl,sbraindevelopssomewhatfasterthanthatofaboy.So,ifsomethinghappenstothebrain,sdevelopmentduringpregnancy,itismorelikelytobeaffectedinamaleandthehemispheremorelikelytobeinvolvedistheleft.Thebrainmaybecomelesslateralizedandthisinturncouldresultinleft-handednessandthedevelopmentofcertainsuperiorskillsthathavetheiroriginsinthelefthemispheresuchaslogic,rationalityandabstraction.Itshouldbenosurprisethenthatamongmathematiciansandarchitects,left-handerstendtobemorecommonandtherearemoreleft-handedmalesthanfemales.Theresultsofthisresearchmaybesomeconsolationtoleft-handerswhohaveforcenturieslivedinaworlddesignedtosuitright-handedpeople.However,whatisalarming,accordingtoMrCharlesMoore,awriterandjournalist,isthewaytheword‘right,reinforcesitsownvirtue.Subliminallyhesays,languagetellspeopletothinkthatanythingontherightcanbetrustedwhileanythingontheleftisdangerousorevensinister.Wespeakofleft-handedcomplimentsandaccordingMoore,‘itisnocoincidencethatleft-handedchildren,forcedtousetheirrighthand,oftendevelopastammerastheyarerobbedoftheirfreedomofspeech’.However,asmoreresearchisundertakenonthecausesofleft-handedness,attitudestowardsleft-handedpeoplearegraduallychangingforthebetter.IndeedwhenthechampiontennisplayerIvanLendlwasasked《英语》试题（第5页共10页）whatthesinglethingwasthathewouldchooseinordertoimprovehisgame,hesaidhewouldliketobecomealeft-hander.Questions1-7Usetheinformationinthetexttomatchthepeople(listedA-E)withtheopinions(listed1-7)below.Writetheappropriateletter(A-E)inboxes1-7onyourAnswerSheet.Somepeoplematchmorethanoneopinion.DrBrocaDrBrinkmanGeschwindandGalaburdaCharlesMooreProfessorTurnerExample AnswerMonkeysdonotshowaspeciesspecificpreferenceforleft-or (B)right-handednessHumanbeingsstartedtoshowapreferenceforright-handednesswhentheyfirstdevelopedlanguage.Societyisprejudicedagainstleft-handedpeople.Boysaremorelikelytobeleft-handed.Afterastroke,left-handedpeoplerecovertheirspeechmorequicklythanright-handedpeople.Peoplewhosufferstrokesontheleftsideofthebrainusuallylosetheirpowerofspeech.Thetwosidesofthebraindevelopdifferentfunctionsbeforebirth.Asymmetryisacommonfeatureofthehumanbody.Questions8-10Usingtheinformationinthepassage,completethetablebelow.Writeyouranswersinboxes8-10onyourAnswerSheet.Percentageofchildrenleft-handedOneparentleft-handedOneparentright-handed(8) Bothparentsleft-handed⑼ Bothparentsright-handed(10) 《英语》试题（第6页共10页）Questions11-12ChoosetheappropriatelettersA-Dandwritetheminboxes11and12onyour.AnswerSheet.Astudyofmonkeyshasshownthat.monkeysarenotusuallyright-handedmonkeysdisplayacapacityforspeechmonkeybrainsaresmallerthanhumanbrainsmonkeybrainsareasymmetricAccordingtothewriter,left-handedpeople.willoftendevelopastammerhaveundergonehardshipforyearsareuntrustworthyaregoodtennisplayersReadingPassage2Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions13-25whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.ThetimehascometobancellphonesintheclassroomByGaryMason(NationalAffairsColumnist)September7,2018TOC\o"1-5"\h\zIntheearly1970s,ateamofresearchersembarkedonwhatisnowregardedasoneofthe 1mostintenseandconsequentialinvestigationsintohumandevelopmenteverundertaken.2Thegroupbegancollectingcomprehensivedataonmorethan1,000peopleinNewZealand 3frombirthonward.KnownastheDunedinMultidisciplinaryHealthandDevelopmentStudy,4theinformationcollectedasparticipantsagedandmovedthroughvariousstagesoftheirlife 5hasprovidedfodderforhundredsofacademicpapersandhasledtosomeofmostimportant 6insightsinbehaviouralscienceinthelast50years. 7Astheirsubjectsnavigatedelementaryschool,oneoftheareastheresearcherstestedwasthe8students'abilitytopayattentionandignoredistractions.Yearslater,theycomparedthose9resultsagainstwherethestudentsendedupintheirearly30s.Whattheydiscoveredwasa 10child,sself-control,includinghisorherabilitytoconcentrate,wasthestrongestpredictorof11futuresuccess-moreimportant,even,thanIQandthesocio-economicstatusofthechild,s12《英语》试题（第7页共10页）13family.13Manystudiesandbookshavesinceconfirmedthevalueofastudent,scapacitytoblockout14diversionsinachievingacademicsuccess.InhisbookDeepWork,CalNewport,a15computer-scienceprofessoratGeorgetownUniversity,makesthecasethatfocusisthenew16IQ."It'sbecomeoneofthemostusefulandprizedabilitiesinoureconomy,”Mr.Newport 17wroteinTimemagazine.Meantime,DanielGoleman,apsychologistandauthorofFocus:18TheHiddenDriverofExcellence,arguesthere,saneedtoteachkidsconcentrationskillsas19partoftheschoolcurriculum,soimportantisitinthedevelopmentofyoungstudents. 20AsCanadianchildrenreturntoschool,aroilingdebatecontinuesaboutwhatmightbethe 21biggestdistractiontheyfacetoday:thepresenceofpersonalmobiledevicesintheclassroom.22Wheresomeseecellphonesasanecessaryandcomplementaryteachingtool,othersview23themasascourge,onewhichiswreakinghavoconastudent,sabilitytolearn.Thefactthere24isnoconsensusintheeducationcommunityontheissueisevidentinthehodgepodgeof25relatedpolicies.Insomeinstances,therearen,tevenconsistentcellphone-useruleswithin26individualschools,pittingteachersagainstoneanother. 27StephenBurns,along-timemathteacheratSouthDeltaSecondarySchoolinTsawwassen,28B.C.,isintheno-cellphones-in-classcamp. 29"Iftheirphoneisinsight,itbecomesthepriorityforthemajorityofkids,”saysMr.Burns.30"They,rewaitingforsomeonetotextthem.Andinmanycases,it,stheirparentsdoingitora31studentinthesameclassroom.They'renotpayingattention.ThafswhyIdon'tallowthem.”32Mr.Burnsbelievesthecoursematerialisdifficultenoughforkids;whymakeitmoresoby33allowingdevicesthatdiverttheirattention?Hedoesn,tagreewiththosewhosaythatwhenit34comestokidsandtheirphones,thehorsehasleftthebarn. 35TOC\o"1-5"\h\z“It,snevertoolate,”hetoldme."Kidshavetobeabletopartfromtheirphonesincertain 36situations.Forme,thedinnertable,familyoutingsandtheclassroomarethethreetimesthis 37musthappen.Whenkidsgotobasketballpracticeorhockeypractice,wherearetheir 38phones?They,reputawaysotheycanfocusonthetaskathand.Well,schoolshouldbeno 39different.” 40He,sright.Theargumentsomeparentsmakethatkidsshouldbelinkedtotheirphonesatall41timesisterriblymisguided. 42Manyteachers,meantime,arefranklytiredoffightingthisfightandhavegivenup.Others43《英语》试题（第8页共10页）TOC\o"1-5"\h\zhavedecidedittakestoomuchoftheirenergytopolice.Butteachersandschool44administratorsshoulddevelopsomespine.Whendidwedecidetoletkidsandtheirparents45runtheclassroom? 46Inhisbook,Mr.Newporttalksaboutsomethingknownas"attention residue effect." 47Researchhasrevealedthatswitchingyourattentionfromonetargetto another isn,tas 48simpleasitsounds.Whenthisoccurs,thereis"attentionresidue”一meaningyou,restill49thinkingoftheprevioustaskevenasyoustartanother. 50So,ifyoucheckyourphonefortextsorthelatestbasebal