2023届上海市宝山区3月高考适应性练习英语试卷及答案解析

届宝山区高考英语适应性练习Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword:fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Morningornight?Whichtimeofdaydoyouenjoythemostandaremorementallyalert?___1___oneyouprefer,thereisanameforyou.Earlybirdsormorninglarks(云雀),asyoucanguess,aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyinthemorningandarehappytogreettheday.___2___theyriseearly,theyloseenergyinthelateafternoon.Therefore,morninglarkstendtohitthehayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours,morninglarksareseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”Nightowlsaretheoppositeofmorninglarks.Thesepeoplehave___3___(little)energyinthemorning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheotherside,nightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthemoonlight.It’snosurprise___4___theycantheyupwellintothenight.Whileallbirds___5___(create)equal,somenightowlswishtheycouldriseearlier.Ifyouareoneofthem,herearesometipstohelpyoucatchthatworm.People___6___notadjusttheirbedtimesovernight(一夜之间).Sofarthosenightowlswishingtoriseatdawn,startwitha15-minutechange.Gotobed15minutesearlierthanusualandwakeupthatmuchearlieraswell.Keepthepatterngoinguntilyoufindyourself___7___(rise)withthesun.Thoughitmaybechallenging.startyourmorningwithasmuchlightaspossible.Openthecurtains.Turnonthelights.Seewhat___8___differenceitmakesinhelpingyoustartyourday.Tomakethechangefromowltolarkyouneedtobeconsistentandriseearlyeveryday.Don’tworkhardtoriseearlyduringtheweekonly___9___(sleep)inonweekends.Pickanhourtowakeup,anddoiteveryday.Forthenightowlsoutthere,hopefullythesetips___10___(make)yourmorningsmorebearable.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.associatedB.chargeC.coolingD.deadenE.appliancesF.narrowG.causesH.reflectiveI.restrictedJ.typicallyK.unstableHowdoesthunder-snowwork?Thunder-snowisrarebecausetheconditionsthatproducesnowtendtohaveastabilizingeffectontheatmosphere.Inwinterthesurfaceandlowertroposphere(对流层)arecoldandthereislittlemoisturetoleadtolightning.Lightningsuper-heatstheair,whiletherapid___11___producesthesoundwaveswecallthunder.Thunderstormscanforminwinter,buthavedifferentcharacteristics.Atypicalnormalthunderstormconsistsoftall,___12___cloudsthatrisefromawarmupdraft(上升气流)leadingfromthesurfaceuptoaround40,000feet.Thunder-snowusuallyformswhenlayersofflatsnowcloudsdevelopinstabilityandexperiencedynamiclifting.Three___13___leadtotheinstability.Firstly,anormalthunderstormattheedgeofawarmorcoldfrontcanrunintocoldair,changingrainintofreezingrainorsnow.Secondly,whentheflatsnowcloudsbecomebumpyordevelopwhatareusuallycalled“turrets”.Turretsriseabouttheclouds,makingthetoplayer___14___.Thechangecauseswatermoleculesoricecrystalstogainorloseelectrons(电子).Whentheelectrical___15___differencebetweentwobodiesbecomeslargeenough,lightningoccurs.Thirdly,acoldairfrontpassingoverwarmerwatercanproducethunder-snow.Thisisthetypeofthunder-snowmostoftenseenneartheGreatLakesornearandocean.Theobviousdifferencebetweenatypicalthunderstormandthunder-snowisthatathunderstormproducesrain,whilethunder-snowis___16___withsnow.However,thethunderandlightningofthunder-snowaredifferent,too.Snowcan___17___sound,sothundersnow’sthundersoundslowanddoesn’ttravelasfarasitwouldinaclearorrainysky.Normalthundermaybeheardmilesfromitssource,whilethunder-snowthundertendstobe___18___toa2to3mileradiusfromthelightningstrike.Whilethesoundofathundermaybelowered,lightningflashesareenhancedby___19___snow.Thunder-snowlightning____20____appearswhiteorgolden,ratherthantheusualblueorpurpleofthunderstormlightning.III.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Owingtotherecentpandemic（流行病）researchershavebeentryingtofindmorewaystokillviruses,andoneresultoftheirworkinvolves___21___.Ithaslongbeenknownthatultraviolet（UV）（紫外线的）lightcandestroymicrobessuchasbacteriaandviruses.Itisalreadyusedasacleaningagentinhospitalsandto___22___airandwaterbutonlywhenpeoplearen'taround.That'sbecausetherearethreetypesofUVlight:UVA,UVBandUVC.andtheyareall___23___tohumans.UVAandUVBexposurecan___24___skincancer,whileUVBisresponsibleforsunburns.UVClightismostlyabsorbedbytheEarth'satmosphere,butitisevenmoredangerous.ArtificialUVClightcanpassthroughtheouterlayerofskinandeyecellsto___25___thelivingcellsunderneath.___26___,thereisatypeofUVClight,knownasfar-UVC,whichdoesnotpassthroughtheouterlayerofcells.Butstudiesofthelong-termeffectsoffar-UVConhumans,___27___studiesongroupscomprisingmorethan20people,arenotavailable.ResearcherDavidBrennerhashelpeddevelopafar-UVClightthatkillsvirusesandbacteria.Inanormal-sizedroom,fivelamps___28___thenumberofmicrobesby98percentinlessthanfiveminutes.Toachieveresultslikethisthroughventilation（通风设备）alone,theairwouldhavetobechanged184timesperhour,whichiscurrently___29___.Evenatlowersettings,thelampsstillkilled92percentofvirusesin15minutes.CountriesvaryintheirstandardsforhowmuchUVlightpeopleareallowedtobe____30____to.SinceBrenner'steamwasoperatingintheUnitedStates,heobservedAmerican____31____,whicharelessstrictthanthoseofsomecountriessuchasGermany.ButevenworkingwithinGermany'slowerlimitofUVlightexposure,Brenner'slightsstilldecreasethenumberofmicrobes____32____.Brennerarguesthatusingthelights,even____33____Germany'sregulations,wouldlikelyhavereducedthenumberofpeoplewhodiedfromCovid-19.Inthefuture,far-UVClampsmaybe____34____inallpublicspaces.Researchershopethatinstallationanduseofsuchlampscouldpreventfuture____35____.Althoughmoreextensiveresearchneedstobedone,thereishopethatthiswillbetheireffect.21.A.electricity B.sound C.light D.air22.A.clean B.separate C.produce D.mix23.A.beneficial B.harmful C.influential D.essential24.A.turnto B.referto C.oweto D.leadto25.A.damage B.avoid C.protect D.absorb26.A.Moreover B.However C.Therefore D.Meanwhile27.A.asmuchas B.asfor C.asaresultof D.aswellas28.A.increased B.exploded C.reduced D.lightened29.A.definite B.impossible C.realistic D.sensible30.A.extended B.covered C.exposed D.warned31.A.standards B.features C.policies D.orders32.A.permanently B.instantly C.completely D.significantly33.A.designing B.obeying C.applying D.experimenting34.A.common B.unusual C.seldom D.doubtful35.A.lamps B.projects C.pandemics D.diseasesSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread（A）Likemanyinventions,languagetranslatorswereimaginedbywriterslongbeforetheybecamereal.InHugoGernsback's1911novelARomanceoftheYear2660,charactersuseavideotelephonethatcantranslateformonelanguagetoanother.AlanguagetranslatoralsoappearsinMurrayLeinster's1945FirstContact.Inthatstory.humansandcreaturesfromanotherplanetconstructatranslationdevicetogetheraftermakingfirstcontactwithoneanother.Theideaofthelanguagetranslatordidn'tbecometrulypopular,however,untilthe“universaltranslator”appearedintheStarTrekseries,whichdelightedtelevisionviewersinthe1970s.Thatdevicewasuniversalinthesensethatitcouldtranslateanylanguagethatitencountered.ThefirstreallanguagetranslatorwasdemonstratedbyengineersfromtheIBMcompanyandGeorgetownUniversityin1954.TheirmachinecouldonlytranslateRussiansentencesintoEnglish.Languagetranslatorshavecomealongwaysincethen.Today,onlinetranslationscanbeaccessedeasilyatnocosttousers.WithtranslationappslikeGoogleTranslateoriTranslate,userssometimesdon'tevenhavetolookthingsup.Alltheyneedtodoispointtheircellphone'scameraatsomewriting,andatranslationinstantlyappears.Ifuserswanttotranslatesomethingbeingsaidaloud,theyjustturnontheirphone'smicrophone.Allofthesefeaturessavetimeandeffort.Translationappsmakeforeigntravelmucheasierthanbefore.Theyareinvaluablewhenitcomestocommunicatingwithtaxidriversorhotelstaffwhodon'tspeakatraveler'snativelanguage.Buttheseappsarefarfromperfect.Sometimesatranslationmakesnosense,forcingtheusertoguesswhatthetranslationmeans.Atothertimes,theusermightnotknowthatthetranslationhasfaileduntilheorsheshowsittonativespeaker.36.Whatdoesthearticleimplyaboutlanguagetranslators?A.Theirpartsweretoodifficulttomanufacture.B.Theirlegalstatuswasindoubtforsometime.CTheirlookshavechangedlittleovertheyears.D.Theiroriginscanbefoundinsciencefiction.37.Whatdoesthearticlepointoutaboutonlinetranslations?A.They'relongerthannecessary. B.They'reavailablefreeofcharge.C.They'reoffensivetosomepeople. D.They'republishedonsocialmedia.38.WhichaspectofGoogleTranslateoriTranslatedoesthearticleemphasize?A.Theirunderstandingofclassicidioms B.Theirleisurelyapproachtoanalyzingtexts.C.Theirintemalsoftwareandprocesses. D.Theirconvenienceindifferentsituations.39.Howdoesthewriterconcludethisarticle?A.Bynotingthatlanguagetranslatorsdon'thaveanycompetition.B.BydiscussinghowlanguagetranslatorsareexpectedtoevolveC.Byexplainingwhylanguagetranslatorsaren'ttotallyreliableD.Bydescribingtheimportantvirtuesoflanguagetranslators（B）Paula8:45AMHiladies.Wehaveanewclientthatjustcalledthismorning.Areeitherofyoufreetotakethejob?Athena8:46AM.What'sthelocationofthejob?Andwhatistheclientexpecting?Paula8:47AM.Mrs.HunterlivesattheintersectionofMapleStreetandGiversRd.Shehasafairlylarge3500squarefoothouse,andwouldlikesomeonetocomefor5—6hourseachweek,preferablyonaMonday,tocleanit.Athena8:48AM.Sorry,that'stoofarformetogo.AndIalreadyhavearegularclientintheafternoonsonMondays.Julie8:49AM.Icanprobablydoit.Idon'thaveanyclientsonMondaysatthemoment.Athena8:50AM.Makesureyounegotiatethehourswithher.Orletherknowhowmuchyoucanphysicallycleanin5.6hours.Julie8:51AMIthinkit'dbefine.I'msureshe'snotexpectingonepersontocleantheentirehouseinthosehours.Paula8:52AMIcancallherbacktogetsomemoredetails.It'salwaysbettertomakesurebothpartieshavethesameexpectations.Julie8:53AMOK.BothofyouhavewaymoreexperiencethanmesoI'lldefinitelylistentoyouradvice.Paula8:54AMJulie,I'llletyouknowwhenI'vetalkedtoher.Youmighthavetocallheryourselflater,too.40.Whatcouldthenameofthiscompanybe?A.DriversforHire B.MaidServicePlus C.AccountantsRUs D.ToysToysToys41.WhatadvicedoesAthenagiveJulie?A.Lettheclientknowherage. B.Clarifyworkloadandworkinghours.C.Givetheclientapieceofhermind. D.Haveanhonestconversationwiththeclient.42.WhatislikelyPaula'srole?A.She'stheorganizer. B.She'sthenewhire.C.She'sinthemarketingdepartment. D.She'sinthetechnologydepartment.（C）Dothecolorsthatsurroundyouinfluencehowyoufeel?Canthecolorsonyourwallsandonyourclothesaffectyourmoods?Someresearchersbelievetheanswerisadecisiveyes,whileothersaren'tsosure.Yetmanymarketers,interiordesigners,medicalprofessionalsandothersswearbyaninformalfieldofscienceknownascolorpsychology.Colorpsychologyisdefinedas“thestudyofhowthecolorsweperceiveimpactourthoughtsandfeelings.”Marketersusethescienceofcolortopersuadeustobuythings.Whenchoosingpaint,fumitureandwallart,interiordesignersactonthetheorythatcolorscanarousecertainfeelingsinus.Dentistsareoftenadvisedtouselightbluepaintontheirofficewallstohelpcalmapprehensivepatients.Weshouldkeepinmind,though,thatonlybyconsideringculturalpreferencesareweabletofullyunderstandthescienceofcolor.Forinstance,intheWest,whiteisforbridesandblackisforfunerals.ButinancientAsia,whitewassometimeswornforfunerals.InJapanyellowrepresentscouragewhileintheUnitedStates,itrepresentshappiness.Additionally,manyvariablesincludinggender,age,backgroundandmoremustbeconsideredbeforemakingcolorassumptionswhenoneisstudyingtheeffectsofcolor.Aftertakingcolorvariableintoaccountit’ssafetoconsidersomemainstreamtheoriesaboutspecificcolorsandtheirmeaningsHerearejustafew:Redsymbolizesloveenergy,passionanddanger.Redisalsobelievedtoincreaseone’shunger,whichmightbethereasonwhyMeDonald'sandCoca-Colachoseredastheirmajorbrandingcolor.Brown,acolorfromnature,bestrepresentsthingsthatarehonest,trustworthyanddependable.ItseemsaperfectfitasthebrandingcolorforthepackagedeliverycompanyUPS.Blue-inadditiontorepresentingpeaceandcalm-alsomeansintegrityandcompetence.It’snosurprisethatPayPalandAmericanExpressbothuseblueastheirbrandingcolor.Green-anothercolorfromnature-representshealth,growthandfreshnessandistheperfectbrandingcolorforStarbucks.Pinksymbolizeslove,romance,innocenceandfemininity（女性特质）.ThepopulardollcompanythatmakesBarbieusespinkasitsmajorbrandingcolor.Ifcolorpsychologyadvocatesarecorrect,thenouremotionsanddecisionsaretrulyinfluencedbythecolorsaroundus.Withthisknowledge,wecaneffectivelyharness（驾驭）colorpowertocreatepositiveschool,workandhomeenvironments.43.Whatdoesthephraseswearbyinthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A.deeplybelieve B.somewhatdoubt C.deeplyinvestigate D.stillwish44.Whatisthewriter’spurposeoftakingwhiteandblackasanexampleinthepassage?A.Tostatethatculturalpreferencesaredecisivefactorsincolorpsychology.B.Toshowdifferentcultureshavedifferentpreferencesfordifferentcolors.C.Toprovewhiteandblackrepresentcompletedifferentthingsindifferentcountries.D.Toremindweshouldtakecultureintoaccountwhenlearningthescienceofcolor.45.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_______.A.colorpsychologyisinfluencingouremotionsanddecisionsB.colorpsychologymayhelpusmakecorrectdecisionsinlifeC.colorpsychologyisanuncultivatedfieldinmodernscienceD.colorpsychologyhasbeenrecognizedthroughouttheworld46.Whatwouldbethepropertitleforthepassage?A.Thepositivesandnegativesofcolorpsychology.B.Thefoundationandfunctionofcolorpsychology.C.ThepotentialeffectsofcoloronourlivesD.TherelationshipbetweencolorandmanSectionSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Robotsusedtobefoundonlyinsciencefiction.Inthe1960s,theanimatedspace-agefamilytheJetsonshadaroboticmaidwhocoulddohouseholdchores.Inthe2014movieBigHero6,therobotBaymaxcoulddiagnoseandhealillnessesinstantly.Inrealliferobotsfunctioninmanymanufacturingandhouseholdsituations.(Thinkworkersintheautomobileindustry,robottoypetsandvacuumcleaners.)Inthefiledofmedicine,robotpatientshelptraindoctorsandnursesbypretendingtheyhaveavarietyofhealthconditions._____47_____Theglobalpandemicandresultingeconomiccrisishavecreatedalackofrestaurantworkers.Sincerestaurantsdon'thaveenoughworkers,theremainingstaffmustworkharder.Regardless,customersfacelongerwaittimes,fewermenuchoicesandhigherprices._____48_____TheserobotsarenotexactlymodeledafterRosey,theJetsons'robotichouseholdservant,buttheyareprettyclever(andverycute)._____49_____Manyhaveadesignthatlookslikearollingcart.OnemodelnamedBellaevenhasacutecat-likeface.ManyarefairlyshortandshapedlikeR2D2ofStarWarsfame.Theyaredesignedtodeliverdishestoregularcustomersinarestaurant.Theyarealsojusttherightheightforcustomerstoeasilyreachthem.Restaurantownersarefindingserverrobotsidealforperformingrepetitivetasks,howevermanythereare.Theycannotonlydeliverdeliciousfoodtoperformingrepetitivetasks,howevermanythereare.Theycannotonlydeliverdeliciousfoodtohungrycustomers.butalsogetbackdirtydishesattheendofthemeal._____50_____Concerningtheprice.aserverrobotcostsfromafewthousandtoseveralthousanddollars.Andin2021,arestaurantevenrentedoneforaslowasUSS15perday.Regardingsafety,specialsensorsontherobotskeepthemfromcrashingintocustomers.Becausetherearen'tenoughrestaurantworkers.fillingpositionswiththeseroboticserversisano-brainer.Don'tbesurprisedifyouseeonerollinguptoyourtablesoon.A.Robotsareplayinganimportantroleinalmosteverywherenowadays.B.Somefoundersarelendingahand-arobotichand-intheformofserverrobots.C.Perhapsyou'rewonderingaboutissuessuchasthecostandsafetyfactors.D.Workersareafraidofbeingreplacedbyrobotsinthefuture.E.Nowrobotsarefindingahomeinthefoodserviceindustry.F.ServerrobotscomeinseveraldifferentvarietiesIV.SummaryWriting51Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.IKEA,knownaroundtheworldasasupplieroffurnitureandotherhomegoods,istakingstepstoprotecttheenvironment.By2030IKEAplanstobeacircularbusiness,onewhoseproductscanallbereusedorrecycledratherthanthrownaway.Toachievethisgoal,thecompanyisredesigningallofitsproducts.Howcanitdesignproductsthatwilllastlongerandbeeasiertofixandthatpeoplecanrecyclewhentheyarefinishedwiththem?Byansweringthesequestions,IKEAhopestoimprovethesustainabilityofitsbusinessmodel.IKEAwantspeopletobeabletorepairitsproductsratherthanthrowthemawaywhensomethinggoeswrong.Toaccomplishthatgoal,thecompanyisstandardizingtheparts,materialsandcolorsthatituses.Thismeansthatifapartneedstobereplaced,itwillbeeasytofind.InthepastIKEAhasonlyofferedsparepartsforsomeproducts;nowitisgreatlyexpandingthenumberofsparepartscustomerscanpurchase.Thismakesitfeasibleforcustomerstorepairtheirownfurniture.IKEAisalsoredesigningthepartsofitsproductsthataremostlikelytowearoutquickly.Toextendthelifeofitsproducts,IKEAistryingtomaketheirmaintenanceeasier.Itisalsomakingitsproductseasiertotakeapartandtransport,sothefurnitureislesslikelytobreakwhenbeingmovedorchanginghands.Sometimespeoplereplacetheirfurniturenotbecausethereissomethingwrongwithit,butbecausetheirneedshavechanged.SoIKEAisalsotryingtohelppeoplekeepfurnitureforalongertimebymakingiteasytomodify.Somepiecescanbeexpandedorreducedinsizeasfamilymembersandguestscomeandgo.Othershavecoversthatcanbeexchangedfordifferentlook.Butevenwithalltheseefforts,itislikelythatcertainproductswilleventuallynolongerbeusable.Atthatpointtheycanberemanufactured—thepiecesreassembled(重新组装)intosomethingnew-orrecycled.AndIKEAisdesigningproductstomaketheseprocesseseasier.Thecompanyisalsoworkingtoreducewasteinotherareas,suchaspackagingandfoodwastefromrestaurantsinsideitsstores.TheseeffortstoreducethenumberofIKEAproductsthatareabandonedandthrowninlandfillswillhelpcreateamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyeconomy.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.这个方案还有争议，我们还是再深入讨论一下吧。（controversial）(汉译英)53.尽管你已经新冠“阳康”几天了，也不能马上剧烈运动的。（recover）(汉译英)54.既要防疫，又要备考，这对我们2023届高三毕业生来说，真的是巨大的挑战。（notonly…butalso…）(汉译英)55.每每想起上周那次小组合作学习活动，他都会情不自禁的笑，因为他觉得大家的表现的确都太逗了。（eachtime）(汉译英)VI.GuidedWriting56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.学校学生会准备为文学社、英语社、体育社、艺术社等各社团招募新成员。假如你是其中一个社团的负责人，请你写一篇宣传稿介绍你们社团的情况。文章必须包括：●简单介绍你们社团的特色或优势●简要描述你们社团的发展规划________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案解析Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword:fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Morningornight?Whichtimeofdaydoyouenjoythemostandaremorementallyalert?___1___oneyouprefer,thereisanameforyou.Earlybirdsormorninglarks(云雀),asyoucanguess,aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyinthemorningandarehappytogreettheday.___2___theyriseearly,theyloseenergyinthelateafternoon.Therefore,morninglarkstendtohitthehayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours,morninglarksareseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”Nightowlsaretheoppositeofmorninglarks.Thesepeoplehave___3___(little)energyinthemorning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheotherside,nightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthemoonlight.It’snosurprise___4___theycantheyupwellintothenight.Whileallbirds___5___(create)equal,somenightowlswishtheycouldriseearlier.Ifyouareoneofthem,herearesometipstohelpyoucatchthatworm.People___6___notadjusttheirbedtimesovernight(一夜之间).Sofarthosenightowlswishingtoriseatdawn,startwitha15-minutechange.Gotobed15minutesearlierthanusualandwakeupthatmuchearlieraswell.Keepthepatterngoinguntilyoufindyourself___7___(rise)withthesun.Thoughitmaybechallenging.startyourmorningwithasmuchlightaspossible.Openthecurtains.Turnonthelights.Seewhat___8___differenceitmakesinhelpingyoustartyourday.Tomakethechangefromowltolarkyouneedtobeconsistentandriseearlyeveryday.Don’tworkhardtoriseearlyduringtheweekonly___9___(sleep)inonweekends.Pickanhourtowakeup,anddoiteveryday.Forthenightowlsoutthere,hopefullythesetips___10___(make)yourmorningsmorebearable.【答案】1.Whichever2.Because3.least4.that5.arecreated6.can7.rising8.a9.tosleep10.willmake【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了早起鸟和夜猫子的区别，以及如何从夜猫子变成早起鸟的一些建议。【1题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你喜欢哪一个，都有一个适合你的名字。结合句意可知空处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论哪一个”用whichever；此处whichever为形容词，作one的定语，首字母大写。故填Whichever。【2题详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：因为它们起得早，下午晚些时候就会失去精力。结合句意，空处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用because，强调直接造成某种结果理由和原因，首字母大写。故填Because。【3题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这些人早上精力最少。本句“Thesepeople”指前文“Nightowls”，与早起鸟相反，夜猫子早上的精力最少，故用形容词的最高级least修饰名词energy。故填least。【4题详解】考查主语从句。句意：他们能熬夜到深夜也不足为奇。本句使用了“it+be+n.+that…”句型。It为形式主语，因此空处引导主语从句，该从句主干成分完整，句意完整，故用连接词that引导该从句。故填that。【5题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然所有的鸟类都是平等的，但有些夜猫子希望自己能早点起床。While引导的让步状语从句缺谓语，描述一般性事实，且从句主语allbirds是复数，和从句谓语动词create之间为动宾关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主谓保持一致。故填arecreated。【6题详解】考查情态动词。句意：人们不能一夜之间调整睡觉时间。分析句子可知，本句谓语不完整，结合句意表示“不能够”用cannot。故填can。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保持这种模式，直到你发现自己随着太阳起床。分析句子可知，until引导的时间状语从句中有谓语find，故使用非谓语动词。yourself和rise之间为主动关系，故用现在分词做宾补。故填rising。【8题详解】考查冠词。句意：看看它在帮你重新开始一天上有何不同。what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句；makeadifference是固定短语，意为“有区别”。故填a【9题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要在一周中早起努力工作，结果周末却睡懒觉。onlytodosth.表示“结果却……”。故用不定式作结果状语。故填tosleep。【10题详解】考查时态。句意：对于夜猫子来说，希望这些建议能让你的早晨更能坚持得住。本句缺谓语，结合“hopefully”可知，时态采用一般将来时。故填willmake。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.associatedB.chargeC.coolingD.deadenE.appliancesF.narrowGcausesH.reflectiveI.restrictedJ.typicallyK.unstableHowdoesthunder-snowwork?Thunder-snowisrarebecausetheconditionsthatproducesnowtendtohaveastabilizingeffectontheatmosphere.Inwinterthesurfaceandlowertroposphere(对流层)arecoldandthereislittlemoisturetoleadtolightning.Lightningsuper-heatstheair,whiletherapid___11___producesthesoundwaveswecallthunder.Thunderstormscanforminwinter,butha