2019届全国人教版英语一轮讲义必修一Unit4

必修1Unit4EarthquakesAnearthquakestruckthisdistrictlastweek，shockingtheworld.Itcausedextremedamagetoriverdams，coalminesandrailwaytracks.Numeroushousesweredestroyed，manystreetsbecamecrackedandafewgaspipesburst.Thelocalgovernmentrespondedquicklytothisdisaster.Peopletrappedundertheruinswererescuedandtheinjuredweresincerelycaredfor.Shelter，foodandfreshwaterwereofferedtothesurvivors.Thiseventattractedworldwideattention，thusreducingthelosstoaminimum.默写识记◆默写单词1.burstvi.n.2.ruinn.vt.3.injurevt.4.destroyvt.

爆裂；爆发忽然破碎；爆发废墟；破坏破坏；使破产伤害；伤害损坏；破坏；消灭5.shockv.

(使)震撼；震动n.

休克；打击；震撼6.trapvt.

使堕入窘境n.

圈套；窘境7.buryvt.

埋葬；掩埋；隐蔽8.damagen．&vt.

损失；伤害9.frightenvt.

使惊吓；恐吓10.rescuen．&vt.

援救；救援11.judgen.

评判员；法官vt.判定；判断；裁决◆记着词义1.earthquaken.地震2.extremeadj.极度的3.eventn.事件；大事4.nationn.民族；国家；公民5.congratulationn.庆祝；(复数)贺词6.trackn.轨道；踪迹；印迹7.electricityn.电；电流；电学8.sheltern.遮蔽；遮蔽处；避身处9.disastern.灾害；灾害10.sincerelyadv.真挚地；诚挚地11.expressvt.表示；表达n.快车；速递12.outlinen.重点；纲领；轮廓◆写出短语1.atanend结束；终结2.inruins严重受损；破败不堪3.digout掘出；发现4.a(great)numberof很多；大批的5.two-thirdsof三分之二的6.rightaway马上；马上联想拓展动词后缀-en1.frighten使惊吓；恐吓2.strengthen增强；重申3.lengthen加长；延伸4.broaden加宽；拓展5.sharpen削尖；使锋利；变尖利短语串记1.etoanend4.putanendtosth.

到结束时最后；终于结束结束；终结结束－－－－－－－－－－－6.be/etoruin8.fallintoruin

沦为废墟；破败破坏；落空衰落；没落使破坏－－－－－－－－－－－10.burstout11.burstinto12.burstin13.burstforth

忽然爆发闯入；忽然开始忽然闯入爆发；喷发－－－－－－－－－－－14.beburiedin15.betrappedin16.becaughtin17.belostin

用心于；专心于受困于；堕入碰上；遭到迷失于；沉醉于－－－－－－－－－－－18.agreat/largenumberof19.agreat/largeamountof20.alargequantityof21.agreat/gooddealof

大批的大批的大批的好多－－－－－－－－－－－22.one-thirdof23.two-fifthsof24.threequartersof

三分之一的五分之二的四分之三的经典例句①Theincidenthassharpenedpublicawarenessoftheeconomiccrisis这.件事提高了民众对经济危机的认识。Thislatestdevelopmentshavefurtherstrengthenedmydeterminationtoleave.最新的发展局势更增强了我走开的信心。Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostatanend.我一定警示你我已经没有耐心了。④Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake，whichmadeuslyingawakeallnight.地震以后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们通宵未眠。⑤Suddenlythedooropenedandagroupofchildrenburstin.门忽然翻开，闯入了一群孩子。⑥Hewastrappedinthetrafficjamandfelthelpless.他堕入交通拥塞中，感觉很无助。⑦Asidefromthewebcameras，anumberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingmoreandmorepopular除.了网络相机，还有很多其余的高新技术手段正在变得愈来愈流行。词汇异空间——派生词汇原词词义派生词词义extremeadj.极度的extremelyadv.1.极度地judgevt.判定；判断；裁决judgementn．建议；判断力；审讯2.injurevt.伤害；伤害injuryn．3.伤害；伤害destroyvt.破坏；摧毁destructionn．4.破坏；破坏congratulatev．庆祝congratulationn．5.庆祝expressvt.表示；表达expressionn．表达；表情6.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适合形式填空)Duetothe1.destruction(destroy)oftheirnaturalhabitat，wildanimalsinthisareaarebeingendangered.Toavoidanyserious2.injuries(injure)towildlife，anaturereservewasbuiltlastmonth.Ourlocalgovernmentreceivedmanylettersof3.congratulation(congratulate)fromallwalksoflife.Manypeopledonatedmoneyasan4.expression(express)ofappreciationandsupport.Accordingtoa5.judgement(judge)madebysomeexperts，thisreservewouldhavean6.extremely(extreme)positiveeffectonthelocalecosystem-.【导学号：11470012】词法新图谱——核心词汇●灵巧多变的动词词汇词性意义此刻分词过去分词burstvi.爆裂；爆发burstingburstruinvt.破坏；使破产ruiningruinedinjurevt.伤害；伤害injuringinjureddestroyvt.损坏；破坏；消灭destroyingdestroyedshockvt.&(使)震撼；震动shockingshockedvi.rescuen.&vt.援救；救援rescuingrescuedtrapvt.使堕入窘境trappingtrappedburyvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐蔽buryingburieddamagen.&vt.损失；伤害damagingdamagedjudgevt.判定；判断；裁决judgingjudgedⅠ.[原创]语境填空(用所给词的适合形式填空)TyphoonMorakotcausedTaiwan'sworstdestructioninhalfacentury，killing15peopleand1.injuring(injure)numerous.Riverbanks2.burst(burst)duetotheheavyrain.Avillage3.wasburied(bury)byalandslidethoughthevillagershadbeenwarnedthattheirvillagewouldbeatriskof4.beingruined(ruin)．Helicoptersweresenttothe5.destroyed(destroy)areasbecausemanypeople6.trapped(trap)undertheroofsneeded7.toberescued(rescue)．Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错LastnighttwomenwereburstintoMr.Black'shouse，，buriedhisfaceinMrs.Black'sarms.Luckily，noneofthemgotinjure.Policeimmediatelycamewhentheygottheshockednews.JudgefromMr.Black'sdescription，theyquicklyfoundandarrestedthesuspects.【答案】ruinedLastnighttwomenwere﹨burstintoMr.Black'shouse，ruiningalmostfrighteningburiedalmostfrightenedtodeath.Theyoungestkidcried，buryinghisfaceinMrs.Black'sinjurearms.Luckily，noneofthemgotinjured.PoliceimmediatelycamewhentheygottheshockedJudgeshockingnews.JudgingfromMr.Black'sdescription，theyquicklyfoundandarrestedthesuspects.①killing15peopleandinjuringnumerous是此刻分词短语作结果状语，意为“致使15人死亡，无数人受伤”。burstoutcrying/laughing/burstintotears/laughter“忽然哭起来/笑起来”②burst当“爆裂；爆发”解时是不及物动词，不行用被动语态。但burstinto相当于及物动词，可用被动语态。③beatriskofbeingruined“有被毁掉的危险”，atriskof是介词短语，后边可接动名词。betrappedin“被困在中；陷在中”；betrappedunder“被埋在下”。buryone'sfaceinsb.'sarms“把头埋在某人怀里”。judgingby/from“从上看；依据判断”，此短语一般在句顶用作状语，表示看问题的角度。●相依为命的词搭配搭配动judge...by/from...依据来

例释、联想、拓展judgingby/from...依据；依据介判断来判断betrappedin被困在judgesb./sth.tobe...判断是buryoneselfin/beburiedinDon'tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.用心于；专心于不要以貌取人。thinklittle/nothingof不重视；不考虑动digout掘出；发现副a(great)numberof很多；大量的名ashockto...一件让人惊讶的介事情congratulationstosb.onsth.庆祝某人某事

figureout算出，理解；leaveout省略，删掉；pickout选出；turnout结果是，生产，培育great/largenumberof＋可数名词复数＋复数谓语thenumberof＋可数名词复数＋单数谓语congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.因某事向某人庆祝atanend结束；终结介attheendof在结束时；名在结尾/尾端inruins严重受损；破败不堪形beproudof以而骄傲介Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空

MyholidayisatanendandImustgobacktowork.我的假期结束了，我得回去上班了。Theplanwasinruinsjustbecausepeoplewereunwillingtocooperate.该计划泡汤了，就是由于人们不肯合作。takepridein为感觉骄傲Thelandslideleftthewholevillage1.inruins，whichwasagreatshock2.3.atanend.Thisdisastercouldhavebeenavoided，butthevillagersthoughtlittle4.oftherisk.Now，ledbythegovernment，thevillagersarecarryingoutself-helprecovery，5.digging(dig)outtheirbelongings6.buried(bury)inthemudandgettingbackthelostanimals.Thevillageisreturningtonormal.【导学号：11470013】Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错，hisinventionwouldgreatlybenefitdisabledpeople.Manypeoplewrotehimlettersconveyingcongratulationsforhissuccess.Healsoreceivedthenumberofinvitationstointernationalconferences.Hisfamilyandfriendsveryproudofhim.【答案】∧Williamscameupwithaninventionafterburyinghimselfinhisresearchforshocking∧years.Thisinventionwasashocktotheworld.ItwasthoughthighlyofbyJudgedfamousscientists.Judgingfromrecentsurveys，hisinventionwouldgreatlybenefitfordisabledpeople.Manypeoplewrotehimlettersconveyingcongratulationsonhisthesuccess.Healsoreceivedanumberofinvitationstointernationalconferences.His∧familyandfriendswereveryproudofhim.句法新天地——重点句型asif[教材原句]Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend！忧如到了世界末日！asif从句中使用虚构语气的三种状况：与此刻事实相反：过去时(be动词用were)；与过去事实相反：过去达成时(haddone)；与未来事实相反：过去未来时(would/could/mightdo)。ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?是约翰打破的窗户，你为何说我啊？就仿佛是我做的同样。Whenapencilispartlyputintowater，itlooksasifitwerebroken.当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去仿佛断了。假如asif所指引的从句表示的是真切的或是极有可能发生的状况时，句子要用陈说语气。Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainisgoingtomove.快点！火车看起来要开了。部分否认all...not...(＝notall...)[教材原句]Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都幻灭了。该句是表示部分否认的句型。all...not...＝notall...，意为“并不是所有的都”。It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs，becausenotallofthemarefitforthem.It'simpossibleforalltheapplicantstogetthejobs，becauseallofthemaren'tfitforthem.并不是所有的求职者都能找到工作，由于并不是所有人都胜任这些工作。(1)英语中all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely等拥有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否认词not连用，不论not地点怎样，均组成部分否认，表示“并不是都”的意思。(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，noone，nowhere，nomore，nolonger，noway等表否认意义的词(组)与一定式谓语一同使用组成“所有否认”。即时操练Ⅰ.[原创]语境填空Somestudents，mostof1.whomaregirls，becometoostressed2.tosleep(sleep)wellthenightbeforeanimportantexam.However，3.notallteachersareskilledathelpingthemstaycalmandrelaxed.Someteachersevencompletelyignorethisfactasifitnever4.existed(exist)．Experiencedteacherswillsaysomethinglike“Youcandoit！”“You'rethebest”5.everywheretheyencounteranervousstudent.Theseencouragingwordsdohelpbuilduptheirconfidence.Ⅱ.[原创]语境改错Thequizquestionswerenottoodifficulttobeanswer.However，allthepupildidn'tgetanAinthetest.SomeevengotaD，thatmadetheteacherreallyupset.Thereasonisthatthepupils，eachofthemhasamobilephone，aren'tdevotedtotheirlessons.Everywhereiftheygo，they'reconstantlystaringattheirphones.Itseemseveniftheycouldnotlivewithoutthem.【答案】pupilThequizquestionswerenottoodifficulttobe﹨answer.However，allthepupilsthatdidn'tgetanAinthetest.SomeevengotaD，whichmadetheteacherreallythemupset.Thereasonisthatthepupils，eachofwhomhasamobilephone，aren'tdevotedtotheirlessons.Everywhere﹨iftheygo，they'reconstantlystaringattheirphones.Itevenseemsasiftheycouldnotlivewithoutthem.【导学号：11470014】冷知识详单——查缺补漏Ⅰ.单句填空1．Therewereabout50foreignstudentsinourschool，mostofwhomwerefromGermany.2．“Youcan'tcatchme！”Janetshouted，running(run)away.【导学号：11470015】3．Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.4．Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehousewhoseroofisunderrepair.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Itiswrongofyoutoleavethemachineworkalldaylong.work→working2．PerhapsIhavenotexpressedmeverywell.me→myself3．IwaswalkingalongthestreetthenIheardmynamecalled.then→whenⅢ.[原创]语境改错Twobusescrashedinthecitycentre，，itsfrontpartwascompletelydestroyed，sat20passengers，mostofthemwereteenagers.Anarrowescapeleftthemshookwithterror.Soonambulancesarrivedandtookinjuredtothenearesthospital.Investigationsintothereasonofthecrasharestillunderway.【答案】causedTwobusescrashedinthecitycentre，causingthreedeathsandmanywasitsinjuries.Thedeadwerethetwodriversandoneoldman.