2019高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练(11)(含解析)

2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（11）李仕才AChinesepapercuttingor"jianzhi"istheartofcuttingpaperdesigns,andthecut-outsarealsousedtodecoratedoorsandwindows,sotheyaresometimescalled"chuanghua".PapercuttinghaslongbeenasymbolofEasterncharm.Therearesymmetrical(对称的)designsthatareusuallycreatedbysomefoldingandcutting.Whenunfolded,itformsasymmetricaldesign.Chinesecut-outsarenormallysymmetricalandareusuallyinanevennumberseriesof2,4,24,etc.Theoldestsurvivingpapercut-outisasymmetricalcirclefromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiang,China.Fromthe7thto13thcentury,papercuttingbecamepopularespeciallyduringChinesefestivals.Theartspreadtotherestoftheworldinthe14thcentury.ThroughouttheQingDynastymanypapercuttingskillsweredevelopedincludingdraftingandtheuseofsmokedpapers.BytheendoftheQingruling,however,papercuttingwasonceonthedeclinebecausenewartformswerebeingintroduced.TheRepublicofChinalatertriedtorevivetheartinthe1980s.Today,papercut-outsarechieflydecorative.Theydecoratewalls,windows,doors,columns,mirrors,lampsandlanternsinhomesandarealsousedonpresentsoraregivenasgiftsthemselves.Entrancesdecoratedwithpapercut-outsaresupposedtobringgoodluck.Papercut-outsusedtobeusedaspatterns,especiallyforembroidery(刺绣).Therearetwomethodsofmanufacture:oneusesscissors,theotherusesknives.Inthescissormethod,severalpiecesofpaper—uptoeight—arefastenedtogether.Theimageisthencutwithsharp,pointedscissors.Knifecuttingsarefashionedbyputtingseveralpaperonarelativelysoftfoundationconsistingofamixtureofoilandashes.Skilledcrafterscanevencutoutdifferentdrawingsfreelywithoutstopping.1.Whencantheexistingoldestpapercuttingdatebackto?A.about1500yearsago.B.about1600yearsago.C.about1400yearsago.D.about600yearsago.2.Theunderlinedword"revive"inParagraph3canbereplacedby"_______".A.surviveB.restoreC.copyD.fix3.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestsummarizethelastparagraph?A.History.B.Origin.C.Uses.D.Process.4.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.Paper—theEasternCharmB.TheHistoryofPaperCuttingC.ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCuttingD.PaperCutting—UnbelievableSkilledCrafters【文章粗心】本文是一篇说明文。中国的剪纸艺术积厚流光，距今已有1500多年的历史。现在的剪纸主要用于装修。剪纸过程简单但拥有必定的文化特点。1.A【分析】细节理解题。依据文章第三段的首句中的重点信息"Theoldestsurvivingpapercut-out...fromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiang,China"可知，该艺术始于六世纪初期，即500年左右，故用2017年减去500年，即可推知距今约1500年。3.D【分析】段落粗心题。最后一段介绍了剪纸的两种方法，详细使用什么工具和如何操作。由此可推知本段讲的是剪纸的过程，故用process归纳此段较为适合。4.C【分析】标题归纳题。全篇从中国剪纸艺术的历史、用途以及过程等全方向论述了PaperCutting，故用ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCutting作为文章标题最适合。B(2016·辽宁高中联考)WhenArmidaArmato’sdaughter，Alexia，camehomefromschoolonedaylastyearkeentogoonaschooltriptoEcuador，shewasn’ttoosurehowtofeel.Shewashappythatherdaughtercouldexperiencesomethingsheneverdidasateenbutwasfearful2oflettinghertraveltosucharemotepartoftheworld.Alexiawas16atthetime，astudentatWestwoodHighSchool.Theschoolsponsoredahumanitariantripfor26studentsandtwoteacherstospend18dayslivinginamountainvillagetobuildaone-roomschool.EventhoughArmatotrustedherdaughter，theotherstudentsandtheteachers，shewasworriedaboutthesideeffectsfromthetravelvaccines，possibleaccidents，andmedicalcare.NowthatAlexiawashome，Armatosaidshesawherdaughter’snewmaturity，greaterconfidenceandindependence.“ThisisthebestthingIeverdid，”Alexiasaid.“Theexperiencewassoeye-openingandlife-changing.You’rewithpeoplewhoarenotasluckyasyouare.Theyliveinverypoorconditionsbutthey’resohappyandoutgoing.Yousay，‘MyGod.I’mtakingeverythingforgrantedbackhome.’”Shesaidtheybuiltaone-roomschoolfrom_scratchwithnomechanicalcementmixers.Theyusedtheirhands，shovelsandbasictools.Sheandanotherstudentlivedwithalocalfamilyinasmallvillageabouteighthoursoutsidethecapital，Quito.DespitetheinitialstrangenessandknowingonlybasicSpanish，shesaidtheygrewverycloseandfeltlikeafamily.Everyyear，groupsofstudentsatMontrealHighSchoollikeAlexiapacktheirbagsandflyoffwithclassmatesandteacherstodevelopingcountrieswheretheyvolunteerforavarietyofprojects.“Armato’sworriesareverycommonamongparents，”saysBillNevin，ateacheratSt.George’sHighSchool.HeorganizesahumanitariantriptoIndiatotheSheelaBalBhavanorphanageandsaysthethreebiggestfearsfamilieshavearehealth，securityandcontact.【解题导语】本文是一篇记述文。年仅16岁的高中女孩Alexia和她的同学及老师一同飞往偏僻的发展中国家参加志愿者活动。回来后，她的母亲发现她成熟且独立了。这项志愿者活动促使了学生的成长和发展。31．WhenhearingthenewsthatherdaughterwouldgoonaschooltriptoEcuador，Armatowas________.A．proudandhappyB．supportivebutconcernedC．fearfulandnervousD．excitedbutpuzzled分析：选B。细节理解题。依据第一段第二句“Shewashappythatherdaughtercouldexperiencesomethingsheneverdidasateenbutwasfearfuloflettinghertraveltosucharemotepartoftheworld.”可知，Armato关于她的女儿去Ecuador一事感觉高兴，由于女儿能经历到她不以前历的东西，因此她支持她的女儿；可是让一个女孩去这么遥远的地方她又有点担忧。故B项正确。2．Theunderlinedphrase“fromscratch”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．havinggreathelpB．usinghightechnologyC．endingupinfailureD．startingfromthebeginning分析：选D。词义猜想题。依据画线词后边的内容“withnomechanicalcementmixers.”以及下一句“Theyusedtheirhands，shovelsandbasictools.”并联合语境可知，她们建筑了一所只有一间房间的学校，没有使用机械水泥搅拌机，不过用她们的双手、铁铲和最基本的工具。联合四个选项可知，画线词意为“重新开始”。故D项正确。3．AccordingtoAlexia，peoplelivinginpoorconditionsare________.A．unfortunateandsadB．cheerfulandsociableC．miserableandstrangeD．abnormalbuthappy分析：选B。细节理解题。依据第三段Alexia所讲的内容中的“Theyliveinverypoorconditionsbutthey’resohappyandoutgoing.”可知，固然他们的生活条件很艰辛，但4是他们高兴且友善。故B项正确。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．VolunteeringHelpsStudentsGrowandDevelopB．SchoolTripsMakeParentsWorriedaboutTheirChildrenC．EcuadoristheMostAttractiveTravelDestinationintheWorldD．BraveAlexiaDreamstoWorkinEcuadorOneDay分析：选A。标题归纳题。依据第三段第一句“NowthatAlexiawashome，Armatosaidshesawherdaughter’snewmaturity，greaterconfidenceandindependence.”及倒数第二段“Everyyear，groupsofstudentsatMontrealHighSchoollikeAlexiapacktheirbagsandflyoffwithclassmatesandteacherstodevelopingcountrieswheretheyvolunteerforavarietyofprojects.”可知，每年Montreal高中都有好多学生志愿去发展中国家帮助其展开项目，经过这个志愿活动，他们获得了成长和发展。故A项最能归纳本文的要旨，适合做标题；B项仅说了然文章的一个方面，不可以全面地归纳文意；C、D两项与文章没关。故A项正确。CD(2016·宁夏银川一中月考)Liverpoolisfamedformanythings—mostespeciallyTheBeatlesanditsfootballteam.Butfewwouldassociatethecitywithoneofthemostfamouspoliticalspeechesinhistory.YettourismofficialsinthecityhavepublishedtheclaimthatMartinLutherKing’s“IHaveaDream”waswrittenatacitycentrehotel.Theallegation(说5法)hasbeenmadeinaguidetoamajorarteventnamedLiverpoolDiscovers.Amapintheguideshowsmorethan20locationswherefamouspeoplewerebornalongwithplacesassociatedwithcelebrities(名人)andeventsintheirlife.Theguideclaims，“MartinLutherKingvisitedhissupportersinLiverpoolthreetimes,andthefirstdraftofhisfamousspeech‘IHaveaDream’isclaimedtohavebeenwrittenatAdelphiHotel.”Thespeech,deliveredtocivilrightscampaignersonthestepsoftheLincolnMemorialinWashingtonin1963,isoneofthemostquotedtextsinhistoryandwasadefinitivemomentintheAmericanCivilRightsMovementandinthefightforracialequality.Dr.King’sbiographer,GodfreyHodgson,saidthatthesuggestiondidnotfitthefacts.Hesaid,“Idon’tbelieveit.IfhehadbeentoLiverpool,therewouldhavebeenmassivemediareports,ashewouldhavebeenabigfigurebythen.Dr.KingdidvisittheUKonanumberofoccasionsbuthewasnotintheUKaroundthetimeofthisfamousspeechin1963.”Prof.JohnBelcham,ahistorylecturerofUniversityofLiverpoolwhowrotean800-yearhistoryofLiverpoolin2008,confirmedthathewasunawareofanyconnectionbetweenDr.Kingandthecity.【解题导语】本文主要商讨了Liverpool这座城市能否与MartinLutherKing有关。9．Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusindirectlythat________.．LiverpoolDiscoverswascreatedtorememberMartinLutherKingB．manyfamouspoliticalspeechesinhistoryweredeliveredinLiverpoolC．mostpeoplethinkLiverpoolisknownforthefamousspeech“IHaveaDream”D．theclaimthat“IHaveaDream”waswritteninLiverpoolstilllacksevidence分析：选D。细节理解题。依据第一段的“Butfewwouldassociatethecitywithoneofthemostfamouspoliticalspeechesinhistory.”可知，作者间接地告诉我们《我有一个梦想》是在Liverpool写的这类说法缺少凭证，即D项正确。61．Theguideoffersrelevantinformationabout________.．theplacesassociatedwithcelebrities．thefamiliesofcelebrities．thecontributionsofcelebrities．thedailylifeofcelebrities分析：选A。细节理解题。依据第二段的第一句可知，这本旅行指南供给的有关信息是与名人之间有联系的地方，即A项正确。2．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．GodfreyheldanegativeattitudetowardsDr.King.B．ThereweresomeargumentsaboutwhetherDr.Kingwrotethespeechhimself.C．TheconnectionbetweenDr.KingandLiverpoolwasdoubtedbysomeexperts.D．JohnwasunawareofanyconnectionbetweenDr.KingandLiverpool.分析：选C。推理判断题。依据最后一段的“hewasnotintheUKaroundthetimeofthisfamousspeechin1963”和“confirmedthathewasunawareofanyconnectionbetweenDr.Kingandthecity”可知，两者之间的联系遇到某些专家的思疑，即C项正确。3．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?．MartinLutherKingandHisSpeech．IsLiverpoolConnectedtoMartinLutherKing?．LiverpoolIsaGoodChoiceforHolidaymakers．TheMostFamousPeopleinLiverpool分析：选B。标题归纳题。文章主要商讨了Liverpool与MartinLutherKing之间能否有联系，即B项正确。EMauriceSendakschildrensbook,WheretheWildThingsAre,publishedin1963,hasbecomeverysuccessfulthroughouttheyearsandwasmadeintoamovieearlierthisyear.7Thebook’smaincharacterisaboynamedMaxwhogetsintotroublewithhismotherandissenttobedwithoutanysupper.Beforelong,Maxsroommagicallybecomesaforest,andhesailsawaytoalandwheremonsterslive.Maxisntscared,though,andbecomeskingofthewildthings,butafterawhile,hebeginsfeelinghomesick.Maxsailsbackhomeandhissupperisstillhotwhenhearrivesinhisbedroom.Manyteachersandprofessorslikethisstoryanduseittohelpchildrendevelopcreativityandimagination.MelinaDavis,aneducationprofessor,saidshelikeshowthebookcontainsacoupleofpagesthathaveonlypicturesonthem.“Thisallowschildrentoshapethestorythemselves,”shesaid.Thebookcontainsafewoflargerwordsthatsomeparentsworrymayconfusechildren,butexpertssaythosewordshelpimprovechildrensreadingskillsandchallengethem.Davissaidthebookiswellwrittenwhichhelpskidsgetinvolvedinthestory.“Thebooktalksaboutwhatallchildrengothrough,like‘Iwasnaughtybutmymommystilllovesme’,”Davissaid.Thebookalsoencourageschildrentofacetheirfears.“IthinkitsreallygoodtoshowthatMaxisfriendswiththemonsters,”Davissaid.“Kidscanfindoutmonstersarentalwaysthethingunderthebedthatsgoingtoscarethem.Ithinkthisisgoodbecauseitshowsthatthechildrencangotoscaryplacesbutstillhaveapositiveexperience.”Sincethebookhasbeensuccessfulthroughouttheyears,amoviewasrecentlymadeandmanypeopleareexcitedtoseeit.Davissaidshethinksthemoviewillbewonderfulbutitmightbealittlescaryforyoungerchildren.“Youdontwantbaddreamsoverabookthatsextremelywonderful,”Davissaid.以约30词归纳短文粗心_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ.依据所读短文选择正确答案1．TeachersandprofessorslikethebookWheretheWildThingsArelearntodrawtheirownpictures8B．understandtheirownfearC．dev