2017年高考英语北京卷含答案

2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。例：Whatisthemangoingtoread?A.Anewspaper.B.Amagazine.C.Abook.答案是A。Whenwillthefilmstart?A.At5:00.B.At6:00.C.At7:00.Whichclubwillthemanjoin?A.Thefilmclub.B.Thetravelclub.C.Thesportsclub.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthemountainsyesterday?A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy.Whatdoesthemanwanttocutoutofpaper?A.Afish.B.Abird.C.Amonkey.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Atabookstore.C.Inamuseum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?Tomakeaninvitation.Toaskforinformation.Todiscussaholidayplan.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopayfortheminibus?A.$50.B.$150.C.$350.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。Whatarethetwosperkersmainlytalkingabout?A.Electronicwaste. B.Soilpollution. C.Recylingbenefits.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodowithhercellphoneintheend?A.Throwitaway. B.Keepitathome. C.Sellittoberecycled.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwosperkers?A.Friends. B.Wifeandhusband.C.Businesspartners.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?第1页共12页A.Inaschool. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inatravelagency.Whatarethetwosperkersgoingtodo?A.Totakeatrip. B.Tohaveacoffee. C.Toattendameeting.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。Whathasbeenimprovedaccordingtothespeaker?A.Thetrainstation.B.Thebusservice.C.Theparkinglot.Howdoesthespeakergettoherofficetoday?A.Bybusandonfoot.B.Bytrainandbybus.C.Bytrainandonfoot.Whoisthespeaker?A.Areporter. B.Apoliceman. C.Aphotographer.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有・・20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。Pick-upAppointmentFormItem（物品）A16andsomemagazinesDestinationOverseasto17DeliveryAirQRegularTimetopickup5:00 18afternoonPackingAmediumboxCustomer,sinformationMr.Hudson1989Street,Chicago20Tel:4159786第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Itssonicetohearfromheragain,,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What'smoreB.ThatstosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D。Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.A.mustB.shouldC.canD.need一Peter,pleasesenduspostcards'llknowwhereyouhavevisited.一Noproblem.A.butB.orC.forD.soEveryyear,makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.A.whateverB.whoeverC.whomeverD.whichever一thatcompanytoseehowtheythinkofourproductyesterday?一Yes.Theyarehappywithit.A.DidyoucallB.HaveyoucalledC.WillyoucallWereyoucallingbirdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.A.OnceB.IfC.AlthoughD.BecauseJanemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowingshewasheading.A.whyB.whereC.howD.when第2页共12页Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonlinetheirvaluabletime.A.saveB.savingC.tosaveD.saved28.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout.A.becauseB.thoughC.untilD.sinceInthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones yet.A.haven,tinvented B.haven,tbeeninventedC.hadn,tinventedD.hadn,tbeeninventedThenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,frombutterfliestoelephants.A.rangingB.rangeC.torangeD.rangedThelittleproblemswemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.A.that B.asC.where D.whenJimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytimewithhisstudents.A.tospendB.spendC.spendingD.spentPeoplebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,andthey,relivinglongerasaresult.A.willhaveB.haveC.hadD.hadhadIfthenewsafetysystemtouse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.A.hadbeenputB.wereputC.shouldbeputD.wouldbeputManypeoplewholivealongthecoastmakealivingfishingindustry.A.atB.inC.onD.by第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HannahTaylorisaschoolgirlfromManitoba,Canada.Oneday,whenshewasfiveyearsold,shewaswalkingwithhermotherindowntownWinnipeg.Theysawaman 36 outofagarbagecan.Sheaskedhermotherwhyhedidthatandhermothersaidthatthemanwashomelessandhungry.Hannahwasvery37 .Shecouldn'tunderstandwhysomepeoplehadtolivetheirliveswithoutshelterorenoughfood.Hannahstartedtothinkabouthowshecould38,but,ofcourse,thereisnotalotonefive-year-oldcandotosolve（解决）theproblemofhomelessness.Later,whenHannahattendedschool,shesawanotherhomelessperson.Itwasawoman,39anoldshoppingtrolley（购物车）whichwaspiledwith40.Itseemedthateverythingthewomanownedwasinthem.ThismadeHannahverysad,andevenmore41todosomething.Shehadbeentalkingtohermotheraboutthelivesofhomelesspeople42theyfirstsawthehomelessman.Hermothertoldherthatifshedidsomethingtochangetheproblemthatmadehersad,shewouldn't 43asbad.HannahbegantospeakoutaboutthehomelessnessinManitobaandtheninotherprovinces.Shehopedto44hermessageofhopeandawareness.ShestartedtheLadybugFoundation,anorganizationaimingatgettingridofhomelessness.Shebeganto45 “BigBosses”lunches,whereshewouldtrytopersuadelocalbusinessleadersto46tothecause.Shealso第3页共12页organizedafundraising（募捐）drivein“LadybugJars”tocollecteveryone'ssparechangeduring“MakeChange”month.Morerecently,thefoundationbegananother47calledNationalRedScarfDay—adaywhenpeopledonate$20andwearredscarvesinsupportofCanada's48andhomeless.ThereisanemergencyshelterinWinnipegcalled“Hannah'sPlace”,somethingthatHannahisvery49of.Hannah'sPlaceisdividedintoseveralareas,providingshelterforpeoplewhenitissocoldthat50outdoorscanmeandeath.InthemorethanfiveyearssinceHannahbeganheractivities,shehasreceivedalotof51.Forexample,shereceivedthe2007BRICKAwardrecognizingthe52ofyoungpeopletochangetheworld.But53allthis,Hannahstillhasthe54lifeofaWinnipegschoolgirl,exceptthatshepaysregularvisitstohomelesspeople.Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewhoaremakinga55intheworld.Youcan,too!36.A.jumpingB.eatingC.cryingD.waving37.A.annoyedB.nervousC.ashamedD.upset38.A.behaveB.manageC.helpD.work39.A.pushingB.carryingC.buyingD.holding40.A.goodsB.bottlesC.foodsD.bags41.A.excitedB.determinedC.energeticD.grateful42.A.sinceB.unlessC.althoughD.as43.A.soundB.getC.feelD.look44.A.exchangeB.leaveC.keepD.spread45.A.sellB.deliverC.hostD.pack46.A.contributeB.leadC.applyD.agree47.A.campaignB.tripC.procedureD.trial48.A.elderlyB.hungryC.lonelyD.sick49.A.awareB.afraidC.proudD.sure50A.goingB.sleepingC.travelingD.playing51.A.praisesB.invitationsC.repliesD.appointments52.A.needsB.interestsC.dreamsD.efforts53.A.forB.throughC.besidesD.along54.A.healthyB.publicC.normalD.tough55.A.choiceB.profitC.judgementD.difference第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered（发抖）alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn,tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,“Paris,seyerolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency”第4页共12页Itcertainlywas,Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirstnoonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson,schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygenthebrainisdamagingquickly.Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn'tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR,“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath”saysTaylor.Taylor'sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices（器械）thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris'heartbeatreturned.“IknowIwasreallylucky,”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon'tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”ExpertssayParisisright:Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?A.Shecaughtabadcold.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.SheshiveredterriblyduringpracticeWhydoesParissayshewaslucky?Shemadeaworthyfriend.Sherecoveredfromshock.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?Enthusiasticandkind.Courageousandcalm.Cooperativeandgenerous.Ambitiousandprofessional.BInspiringyoungminds!TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren'spublishing,bringingauniquecombinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine?Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy（哲学）一andtheywillsoondiscoverthat%KNOWtfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake-themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.12页Soundstoogoodtobetrue?Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear!Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope£55RestofWorld£65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope£60RestofWorld£70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions.Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A.Onlinecourses.B.Articlesonnewtopics.C.Lecturesonabalancedlife.D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-mouthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A.£55. B.£60. C.£65. D.£70.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget.freebirthdaypresentsfullrefundwithin28daysmembershipoftheTOKNOWclubchancestomeettheexpertsinpersonCMeasles（麻疹）,whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine（疫苗）.Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthose第6页共12页whocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn,twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That,sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout（决定不参加）ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免），sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey,llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendB.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionC.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.A.exemptionsareallowedseveralvaccinesareusedtogetherthewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedinnewregulationsareaddedtothestatelawsWhatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?A.Theoveruseofvaccine.BThelackofmedicalcare.CThefeaturesofmeaslesitself.DThevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?ATointroducetheideaofexemption.BTodiscussmethodstocuremeasles.CTostresstheimportanceofvaccination.DToappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.DHollywood,stheorythatmachineswithevil（邪恶）mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence（AI）maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell-knownmathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetic（控制论）,putitthisway:“Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectively第7页共12页interfere（干预）,wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated,withconfidence,“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-induced（中子诱导）nuclearchainreaction.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay.runoutofhumancontrolsatisfyhuman,srealdesirescommandarmiesofkillerrobotsworkfasterthanamathematicianMachineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto.A.preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedBachievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC.doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD.beathumansininternationalchessmatchesAccordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto.helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterbesecureagainstevilhumanbeingskeepmachinesfrombeingharmedavoidrobots,affectingtheworldWhatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.第8页共12页Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.Itwillstayforadecade.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.71Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.72Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing（加强）connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons（神经元）inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.73Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.74Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi,stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight's,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation-ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.75 “Youkeepwhatmatters”Tononisays.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.It,sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.That,swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.Tononi,steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅