2023届重庆市九龙坡区南开中学高三学业质量调研抽测（第二次）英语试题

2023届重庆市九龙坡区高三学业质量调研抽测（第二次）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解AGIFTMEMBERSHIPINTHENYRBCLASSICSBOOKCLUBMembersoftheNYRBClassicsBookClubhavereceivednewtranslationsof

BalzacandNobelPrizewinnerPatrickModiano,aswellasclassicsbyWilliamGassandmanyothers.“NYRBhasmadeaspecialtyofrescuingandrevivingallkindsofignoredorforgottenworksinEnglishorintranslation,fictionandnonfictionbywritersfamousandunknown.”SaidTheNewYorkTimes.AmembershipintheNYRBClassicsBookClubensuresamonthlyliterarysurprise.Eachmonth,editorsselectonenewbookandwesendittomembersassoonasitisavailable.Ourspecialholidaymembership,includingfreeshippingintheUS,is$135,asavingsof$60offtheregularbookclubprice.GiftmembershipsstartwiththeJanuary2023selection.Toorderamembershipforyourselforagiftmembership,pleasecall

1-800-354-0050orvisit/holiday.TheholidayofferpriceoutsideoftheUSis$225,asavingsof$45offtheregularbookclubprice.OURRECENTBOOKCLUBSELECTIONSTheSilentiarybyAntoniodiBenedetto•WomanRunningintheMountainsbyYūkoTsushima•GoldbyRumi•PetertheGreat’sAfricanbyAlexanderPushkin•GustoninTimebyRossFeld•TheUncollectedEssaysofElizabethHardwick•TheFlandersRoadbyClaudeSimon•TheEnormousRoombyE.E.Cummings1．WhatisNYRBClassicsBookClubspecialfor?A．Bringingthoseunpopularbookstolife.B．Gettingthoseforgottenbooksrewritten.C．Offeringasurprisetomemberseachyear.D．ProvidingafreeshippingoutsideoftheUS.2．HowmuchshouldaChinesepayifhegetsagiftmembership?A．$270. B．$225. C．$180. D．$135.3．Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanweprobablyreadthepassage?A．Lifestyle. B．Business. C．Opinion. D．Advertisement.Whenwedecidedtosellourflat,havingbeencheatedbythepreviousowner,wethoughtitwasreallyimportanttobecompletelyhonestwithanypotentialbuyersabouthavingknotweed(蓼科杂草)inthegarden.Ithadbeensuchanunpleasantandstressfulexperienceforusandwedidn’twanttohaveanyoneelsesufferanylonger.Weboughtourtwo-bedroomflatin2014,whenitwasjustthetwoofus.Butafterhavingthreekidsitbecametoosmall,sowesolditlastyear.Theflathasasmallgardenattheback,butwedidn’tknowthepresenceofknotweeduntilwellafterwemovedinandhadanotefromourneighborbehindourflatsayingthattheythoughtwehadknotweed.Thenwehadalookandfoundsomeverysmalloffshootsforthiswasjustaroundspringtime.AtthatpointmyhusbandandIcertainlydidn’trealizequitehowproblematicitcouldbe.Butthenwestartedreadingallthehorrorstoriesandbecamereallyconcerned—peoplecouldn’tgetamortgage;theycouldn’tsell;theplantwascreepingthroughconcreteetc.Thenwetreatedtheoffshootswithglyphosateandasfarasweknewitwascompletelygone.Beforeweputthepropertyonthemarketwehadthehousecheckedbysomespecialists,whothoroughlyinspectedeverything,includingtheconnectinggarden,andcouldn’tfindanythingatall.Wesignedaten-yearinsurance-backedguaranteewiththecompanythatcouldbetransferredtothenewowners,thenstartedmarketingthepropertythroughanagent.Infactwefoundabuyerprettyquicklyandtheydidn’tbeatusdownonpriceaswe’dalreadydonemuchforthetreatment.Knotweeddoesn’tneedtobeadeal-breaker,aslongasyou’reupfrontaboutit.4．Whydidthewriterprobablydecidetoselltheflat?A．Toremindotherstobehonest. B．Toescapethetroubleofknotweed.C．Toavoidthecrowdedlivingspace. D．Torelievetheangerofbeingcheated.5．Whatcanweknowaboutknotweedfromthetext?A．Itisplantedforhomedecoration. B．Itisawildplantseenonlyinspring.C．Itwouldcausemuchtroubletopeople’slife. D．Itarousedwriter’sattentionatverybeginning.6．Howdidthewritersucceedinsellingtheflatatareasonableprice?A．Byshowingtrickstothebuyer. B．Bytakingefforttotreattheknotweed.C．Byfindingawell-knownpropertyagent. D．Bydecoratingtheflatwithafantasticgarden.7．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter?A．Dependableandresponsible. B．Patientandmodest.C．Helplessandembarrassed. D．Carelessandgreedy.Goingagainstthetideofflocking(蜂拥)towell-knownyetgenerallyjam-packedtouristdestinationsonvacation,

agrowingnumberofholidaymakersinChinatendtospendtheirleisuretimeatlesserknownresortstoseekunique,

relaxedholidayexperiences.

ReverseTourismhasemergedasanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripstopopulardestinations,whichoftenrequirepriceytickets,mealsandhotelstays.“Tourismusedtobeaboutsightseeing.Nowitisaboutexperiences,”saidDaiBin,presidentoftheChinaTourismAcademy.Hesaidpopulartouristspotsarealwayspackedandoftenraisetheirpricesduringholidays.Aspeoplebecomemorematuretravelers,theyareincreasinglyunwillingtofollowtheherd.Someofthemaresimplylookingtotakearestsomewherequietforacoupleofdays,whichisagoodwaytovacation.Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas

“commercial”and“standardized”asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermoregenuineexperiencesandnaturalencounters,accordingtosocialmediaposts.Andunlikepopulardestinations,someunder-exploredplaceswithlittleonlineexposurecanoffermoresurprises.COVID-19isanotherkeyfactorfuelingReverseTourism.Asprecautionarymeasurescontinue,travelinghasanunpredictablequality.Atravelerhasnowayofknowingwhatliesaheadbeforedeparture,beitaperfectholidayoroneinterruptedbyasuddenoutbreak.“TheriseofReverseTourismisnotabadthing,”saidanopinionpieceinZhengzhouDaily.Itmeansthatvacationersnowhavemoreoptions,whichbringsmorepossibilitiestothetourismmarket,thearticleexplains.Moreimportantly,thetrendissettoforcepopulardestinationstoimprovethemselvesinsteadofrestingontheirachievements,itnoted.8．WhatisthefeatureofReverseTourismaccordingtothepassage?A．Populardestinationsoftenraisetheirpricesduringholidays.B．Less-traveledplacesofferrelaxedholidayexperiences.C．Populardestinationsarenotwelcomedbypeoplenowadays.D．Less-traveledplacesareincreasinglyvaluedamongyoungpeople.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“followtheherd”meaninparagraph2?A．Dojustwhatmostpeopledo. B．Beparticularaboutvacations.C．Behavelikethebestvisitors. D．Seekuniquetravelexperience.10．Whydopeoplechooselesser-knownattractionsbasedonsocialmediaposts?A．Tocreatesurprisesontheirown. B．Toexploretheoriginalbeauty.C．Topromotethelocaltourism. D．Toescapetheuncertaintyinlife.11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThepromisingfutureofChinesetourism.B．Thechallengespopulartouristspotsarefacing.C．Thewaytoexplorethelesser-knownattractions.D．ThereasonwhypeoplepreferReverseTourism.Lotsofpeopledislikerats.Theyslidearoundinsewers(下水道).Theygetinthegarbage.Theycanspreaddisease.Itcanbedifficulttoseetheirvalue—otherthanasananimalmodelforstudyinghumanillness.Butratshavemoretoshare.WhenthefirstEuropeanscametoVirginia,blackratstookarideintheirships.TheywentontolivewiththeEuropeansandoftenbuiltnestsinthewallsofpeople’shomes.Thosenestsarefullofinformationaboutearlysettlers.Theyshowwhatspecificmaterialstheearlysettlersused,whichhelpshistoriansfindoutwhattheycouldmakeandproduceforthemselves—andwhattheyhadtoimportfromacrosstheocean.Inrats,DNA“reallytellsastoryaboutthepeople,”saysEmilyPuckett,whostudieshowaspecies’DNAdiffersacrossitsrange.Anotherspecies—thebrownratcanhelptellalargestoryabouthowpeoplespreadaroundtheglobe,Puckettfinds.BrownratswereoriginallyfromEasternChinaandMongolia.Fromthere,Puckett’sDNAsampleshaveshownthatthebrownratspreadsouthandeast,toIndiaandalmosteverywhereelse.TheDNAinitsbonescouldhelpdeterminewheretheratscamefrom—andwhichcitiesmighthavebeenlinked.AttheUniversityofYorkinEngland,DavidOrtonstudiesanimalsthatlivedwithancienthumans.Usually,whenhistoriansfindremainsofanancientcity,theywanttodigandfindmore.“Thetroubleisthatmostofthetime,theancientcitiestendtobeunderneathmoderncities,”Ortonsays.“Andyoucan’tjustgoanddigthewholethingup.”Butyoucanfollowtherats.Ratsare“verydependentonhumansfortheirfoodsuppliesandfortheirshelter,”heexplains.Theseratshavegivenusanewappreciation.“Itwasfascinatingtothinkthattheselittlecreaturesarestealingthings,and…safeguardingthemforustofindlater,”MaureenElgersmanLee,ahistorian,says.12．Whatdohistoriansprobablylearnfromthenestofrats?A．Theappearanceoftheirnests.B．Thefamilymembers’occupations.C．Thelivingconditionsofearlysettlers.D．Theprocessoftheirfoodtransportation.13．Whycanthebrownrathelptellalargestory?A．BecauseitoriginatedfromEasternChina.B．BecauseitsDNAreflecteditsspreadingexperience.C．Becauseitenjoyedtravellingaroundtheglobe.D．Becauseitsboneswerefullofinformationofcities.14．WhatdoDavidOrton’swordsmean?A．Humansofferedfoodandshelterforrats.B．Historianscouldstudytheancientcitybydigging.C．Theancientcitiesweremostlylocatedabovemodernones.D．Ratscouldofferacluetolearnthesizeofancientcities.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RatsDifferfromRegionsB．RatsChangePeople’sAttitudeC．RatsRevealtheHistoryofUsD．RatsDependonHumansforLiving二、七选五Informationcancomefrommanydifferentsourcesandperspectives.Butwhenyou’reonlyhearingthesameperspectivesandopinionsoverandoveragain,youmaybeinsomethingcalledanechochamber(回声室效应).Echochamberscanhappenanywhereinformationisexchanged,whetherit’sonlineorinreallife.TheInternethasauniquetypeofechochambercalledafilterbubble(过滤泡沫).____16____Websiteswillthenprimarilyshowyoucontentthat’ssimilartowhatyou’vealreadyexpressedinterestin,whichpreventyoufromfindingnewideasonline.____17____Ifyou’reeverwonderingifasocialgrouporwebsitemaybeanechochamber,stopandthinkaboutafewquestions.Dotheytendtoonlygiveoneperspectiveonanissue?Isthatviewpointmainlysupportedbyrumororincompleteevidence?____18____Ifyouansweredyestoanyofthesequestions,youmayhavefoundanechochamber.There’snoperfectwaytoavoidechochambers,buthereareafewtipsthatcanhelpyoustayontherighttrack.____19____Addinginafewmediasourceswithdifferentopinionswillallowyoutoatleastunderstandwhatpeoplearesayingoutsideofyourechochamber.Next,themostimportantaspectisreadingeachthingyouseewithacriticaleye.____20____Lastly,attempttosearchoutreliablenewsourcesthatareknownfortryingtheirbesttofilteroutfalsenarratives.A．Echochamberscanalsobetrickytorecognize.B．Itiscreatedbykeepingtrackofwhatyouclickon.C．Whatcomesfirstistostepoutofyourcomfortzone.D．Arefactsignoredwhenevertheygoagainstthatviewpoint?E．Makesurethateachthingyouacceptastruthistrulyfact.F．Thefirststepistoexpandyourmediaconsumptionsources.G．Doyoupayattentiontothereliableinformationaroundyou?三、完形填空Withover125,000followers,34-year-oldOliverJamesisastarintheBookTokcommunity.Anditallstartedwithasimple____21____:Learntoread.Formostofthekids,schoolisaplacewheretheycandeveloparelationshipwithlearningina____22____environment.ForJames,theopposite.____23____withlearningandbehaviorDisabilitiesmadehimin____24____education.“Thespecialeducationsystematthetimewasalotmore____25____onbehavioralthaneducating,”hesaid.Reading____26____carriedoverintoJames’adulthoodanditsignificantly____27____hisemploymentopportunitiesandaffectedhisself-esteem(自信).However,whenheandhiswifedecided____28____totheirfamilyofthree,Jamesbecamedeterminedtochangethings.Startinghisjourneywithabookofinspirationalquotesgiftedbyhiswife,Jamesbeganreadingbitsoutloudand____29____toTikTok.Beingamotivationalspeaker,hewouldoftencombinehisinterestswithhisheartfelthonestyandpersonality._____30_____willoftensendJamesmorebookstoreadinhopesforhisbookreviews.Butperhapsthebiggest_____31_____hasbeenthewayreadinghas_____32_____James’relationshipwithhisson.Inaninterview,hesharedthatthey’venotonly_____33_____overbooksbutreadinghasproventobeagreat_____34_____formentalhealth,whichhashelpedJamesbecomeabetterparent.James’newgoalistoread100newtitlesby2024—_____35_____foranybookworminthisdayandage.21．A．title B．goal C．name D．campaign22．A．safe B．dangerous C．quiet D．noisy23．A．Puttingup B．Goingup C．Clearingup D．Growingup24．A．logical B．mental C．special D．common25．A．depended B．turned C．brought D．focused26．A．struggles B．proposals C．conflicts D．regrets27．A．developed B．increased C．reduced D．damaged28．A．leave B．occupy C．expand D．forgive29．A．commenting B．posting C．writing D．connecting30．A．Fans B．Librarians C．Speakers D．Booksellers31．A．weakness B．outcome C．threat D．impact32．A．ruined B．shaped C．ended D．saved33．A．collapsed B．bonded C．quarreled D．argued34．A．resource B．barrier C．preference D．loan35．A．unrealistic B．greedy C．ambitious D．influential四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mininghasseenupsanddownsbuttraditionalcondiment(调味品)continuestoappeal.AnymentionofZigong,Sichuanprovince,remindspeople____36____itssaltproductionand,untilrecently,thiswas____37____importantsourceofrevenue(财政收入).Thecity,about200kilometersfromChengduhasahistoryofminingsalt____38____(stretch)back2,000years.ThesaltwassoldalloverSichuanandotherprovinces,andwasconsumedbyone-tenthofChina’spopulation.Thesaltisfromwells.Oneofthem,theShenhaiwell,wasopenedin1835,andisstillin____39____(operate).Withadepthof1,001.42meters,itisamongtheworld’sdeepestofitskindand____40____(current)producesaround2,000kilogramsofsaltperday.Visitorstothewellcanbuypacksofiodine-freesalt____41____(mine)justthreedaysearlier.But,duringSpringFestival,____42____endswiththeLanternFestivalonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth—fallingonSundaythisyear—morepeoplefromaroundthecountryflocktoZigong____43____(view)itsworld-famouslanterns.ViewinglanternsbecameaSpringFestivalcustominZigongduringtheTangDynasty.Sincethen,the____44____(city)lanternshowhasbeenheldinmorethan70countriesandregionsaroundtheworld,becomingacallingcardofbothZigongandChina.Thepopularshow_____45_____(start)fromtheeconomicdilemmainthe1980s,whenZigong’seconomyover-relyingonasingleproductbecameaproblem.五、其他应用文46．假定你是李华，应邀为某英文网站写一则简讯，报道你校上周五下午在第一学术报告厅举行的汉语经典朗诵比赛(ChineseClassicRecitationCompetition)。内容包括：1.参赛选手2.比赛过程3.活动意义注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当发挥，以使内容连贯；3.请在答题卡上的相应位置作答。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

BeingPlanted“106!”Thecryofdisappointmentbreaksthesilenceofthepeacefulnight.Indarkness,hestandsstillthere,withtearsdroppingcontinuouslyfromhiseyes.Heisa5th-yearPh.D．studentmajoringinbiology.Thisishis106thattempttocultivatestrawberrieswhichcouldbearextremeclimates.Inhis105thexperiment,hedidallthepre-processesthatheknewwhichcouldleadhimclosertohisgoal.Everygenerationofthestrawberryseemedtobringhimclosertosuccess,buteverytimetheresultwasalike—failure,failure,failure.Hehasliterallygotusedtoit.Butthistime,hecanhardlyhelpfeelingfrustratedandangry.“Whostolemyexperimentalstrawberry!”Lastnight,whenhegottothefield,hewasthrilled.Althoughmostoftheplantswereobviouslydying,oneplantstoodvigorouslyinthemiddleoftheexperimentalfield.Theplantwaslabeled“PlantNo.106”.Whatacoincidence!Inhis106thattempt,the106thplantwasfinallymutating(变异)initsidealway—thesparkofhope,tohim.Lastnight,PlantNo.106’sfruitstartedtoturnred.Hewasneversoclosetosuccess.Whatheneededtodowastowaitforseveraldaystoharvestthatpink,shiny,attractivefruit.Butthisnight,thefruitdisappears.Sodoeshishope.“3years’effort!

1096days’struggling!13152hours’DNAeditingandexperiment.ALLGONE!”hemurmurstohimself.Heregretsthathedidn’tgetasmallsampleofthestolenstrawberrylastnight.Nowheisusinghisfingerstodigtheground.Hedoesn’tknowwhyheisdoingso.Heiswellawarethattheresultsofthepast106attemptsareallwastedbecauseoftheincidentandhisnottakingthesampleintime.Hehasnoseedsleft.Atthepresent,heseemstohaveonly2choices:tostartfromtheverybeginning,ortogiveup.要求：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Heuseshisfingertodigthesoilofthatinchoffieldwhichusedtocontainhishope._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Heissoexcitedthatheburstsintotears._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．A2．B3．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了NYRB经典读书会，介绍了其入会会员费、享受的优惠等等。1．细节理解题。根据第一段““NYRBhasmadeaspecialtyofrescuingandrevivingallkindsofignoredorforgottenworksinEnglishorintranslation,fictionandnonfictionbywritersfamousandunknown.”SaidTheNewYorkTimes.(“NYRB的专长是拯救和复兴各种被忽视或遗忘的英语或翻译作品，无论是著名作家还是无名作家的小说还是非小说作品。”《纽约时报》说。)”可知，NYRB经典读书会拯救了那些不受欢迎的书。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“TheholidayofferpriceoutsideoftheUSis$225,asavingsof$45offtheregularbookclubprice.(美国以外地区的假日优惠价格为225美元，比普通读书俱乐部的价格低45美元。)”可知，一个中国人需要付225美元才能成为会员。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要推荐了NYRB经典读书会，介绍了入会方式以及费用，所以这是一则广告。故选D。4．C5．C6．B7．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者购买的房屋中有蓼科杂草，但是作者不想任何人再遭受任何痛苦，于是努力清理这种植物，最终成功卖出了公寓。4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Weboughtourtwo-bedroomflatin2014,whenitwasjustthetwoofus.Butafterhavingthreekidsitbecametoosmall,sowesolditlastyear.(2014年，我们买了一套只有我们两个人的两居室公寓。但是生了三个孩子后，房子太小了，所以我们去年把它卖了)”可知，作者可能决定出售公寓是为了避开拥挤的生活空间。故选C。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Butthenwestartedreadingallthehorrorstoriesandbecamereallyconcerned—peoplecouldn’tgetamortgage;theycouldn’tsell;theplantwascreepingthroughconcreteetc.(但后来我们开始读到所有可怕的故事，变得非常担心——人们无法获得抵押贷款；他们卖不出去；这种植物在混凝土中爬行)”可知，蓼科杂草会给人们的生活带来很多麻烦。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thenwetreatedtheoffshootswithglyphosateandasfarasweknewitwascompletelygone.Beforeweputthepropertyonthemarketwehadthehousecheckedbysomespecialists,whothoroughlyinspectedeverything,includingtheconnectinggarden,andcouldn’tfindanythingatall.(然后我们用草甘膦处理枝条，据我们所知，它完全消失了。在我们把房子卖给市场之前，我们让一些专家检查了房子，他们彻底检查了一切，包括连接花园，但什么也没找到)”可知，作者通过努力清除蓼科杂草成功地以合理的价格出售公寓。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Ithadbeensuchanunpleasantandstressfulexperienceforusandwedidn’twanttohaveanyoneelsesufferanylonger.(这对我们来说是一种不愉快和有压力的经历，我们不想让任何人再遭受任何痛苦)”；倒数第二段“Thenwetreatedtheoffshootswithglyphosateandasfarasweknewitwascompletelygone.Beforeweputthepropertyonthemarketwehadthehousecheckedbysomespecialists,whothoroughlyinspectedeverything,includingtheconnectinggarden,andcouldn’tfindanythingatall.(然后我们用草甘膦处理枝条，据我们所知，它完全消失了。在我们把房子卖给市场之前，我们让一些专家检查了房子，他们彻底检查了一切，包括连接花园，但什么也没找到)”以及最后一段“Infactwefoundabuyerprettyquicklyandtheydidn’tbeatusdownonpriceaswe’dalreadydonemuchforthetreatment.Knotweeddoesn’tneedtobeadeal-breaker,aslongasyou’reupfrontaboutit.(事实上，我们很快就找到了买家，他们并没有在价格上打压我们，因为我们已经为清除做了很多。蓼科杂草不需要成为一个破坏者，只要你坦率地面对它)”可推知，作者可靠负责。故选A。8．D9．A10．B11．D【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了越来越多的中国度假者倾向于在不太知名的度假胜地度过闲暇时间，寻求独特、轻松的度假体验。反向旅游已经成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Goingagainstthetideofflocking(蜂拥)towell-knownyetgenerallyjam-packedtouristdestinationsonvacation,agrowingnumberofholidaymakersinChinatendtospendtheirleisuretimeatlesserknownresortstoseekunique,relaxedholidayexperiences.ReverseTourismhasemergedasanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.(与人们涌向知名但通常拥挤不堪的旅游目的地度假的潮流相反，越来越多的中国度假者倾向于在不太知名的度假胜地度过闲暇时间，寻求独特、轻松的度假体验。反向旅游已经成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。)”可知，中国的年轻度假者越来越喜欢去鲜有人去的地方。故选D。9．词义猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Hesaidpopulartouristspotsarealwayspackedandoftenraisetheirpricesduringholidays.(他说，受欢迎的旅游景点总是人满为患，假期期间经常涨价。)”可知，大多数人都会在假期选择前往受欢迎的旅游景点。而划线单词下一句“Someofthemaresimplylookingtotakearestsomewherequietforacoupleofdays,whichisagoodwaytovacation.(他们中的一些人只是想在一个安静的地方休息几天，这是一个很好的度假方式。)”可知，这些人不会前往受欢迎的旅游景点，而是想在一个安静的地方度假。因此，划线单词的意思和“追随大多数所做的事”相近。故选A。10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas“commercial”and“standardized”asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermoregenuineexperiencesandnaturalencounters,accordingtosocialmediaposts.(此外，根据社交媒体上的帖子，不太知名的景点不像发达景点那样“商业化”和“标准化”，能够提供更多的真实体验和自然相遇。)”可知，不太知名的景点会让人们领略原始的自然之美。故选B。11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ReverseTourismhasemergedasanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.(反向旅游已经成为中国年轻度假者的一种新趋势。)”可知，反向旅游越来越受中国年轻度假者的欢迎。根据文章第二段“Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripstopopulardestinations,whichoftenrequirepriceytickets,mealsandhotelstays.(除了人潮拥挤之外，一些度假者选择人迹少的地方是为了节省前往热门目的地的费用。前往热门目的地往往需要昂贵的机票、餐费和住宿费。)”、第三段的“Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas

“commercial”and“standardized”asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermoregenuineexperiencesandnaturalencounters,accordingtosocialmediaposts.(此外，根据社交媒体上的帖子，不太知名的景点不像发达景点那样“商业化”和“标准化”，能够提供更多的真实体验和自然相遇。)”和“COVID-19isanotherkeyfactorfuelingReverseTourism.(COVID-19是推动反向旅游的另一个关键因素。)”可知，文章主要介绍了反向旅游之所以受欢迎的原因。故选D。12．C13．B14．D15．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍老鼠除了作为研究人类疾病的动物模型之外，还可以帮助人们了解人类的历史。12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheywentontolivewiththeEuropeansandoftenbuiltnestsinthewallsofpeople’shomes.Thosenestsarefullofinformationaboutearlysettlers.Theyshowwhatspecificmaterialstheearlysettlersused,whichhelpshistoriansfindoutwhattheycouldmakeandproduceforthemselves—andwhattheyhadtoimportfromacrosstheocean.(它们继续与欧洲人生活在一起，经常在人们家的墙上筑巢。这些巢穴里充满了早期定居者的信息。它们展示了早期定居者使用的具体材料，这有助于历史学家了解他们可以为自己制造和生产什么，以及他们必须从大洋彼岸进口什。)”可知，老鼠的巢穴可以帮助历史学家们了解早期定居者的生活条件。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Anotherspecies—thebrownratcanhelptellalargestoryabouthowpeoplespreadaroundtheglobe,Puckettfinds.BrownratswereoriginallyfromEasternChinaandMongolia.Fromthere,Puckett’sDNAsampleshaveshownthatthebrownratspreadsouthandeast,toIndiaandalmosteverywhereelse.(Puckett发现，另一个物种——褐鼠可以帮助我们了解人类是如何在全球范围内扩散的。褐鼠原产于中国东部和蒙古。从那里，Puckett的DNA样本显示，褐鼠向南部和东部扩散，到达印度和几乎所有其他地方)”可知，褐鼠能够帮助了解人类历史，是因为其DNA反映了其传播的经历。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“AttheUniversityofYorkinEngland,DavidOrtonstudiesanimalsthatlivedwithancienthumans.Usually,whenhistoriansfindremainsofanancientcity,theywanttodigandfindmore.“Thetroubleisthatmostofthetime,theancientcitiestendtobeunderneathmoderncities,”Ortonsays.“Andyoucan’tjustgoanddigthewholethingup.”Butyoucanfollowtherats.Ratsare“verydependentonhumansfortheirfoodsuppliesandfortheirshelter,”heexplains.(在英国约克大学，DavidOrton研究与古代人类生活在一起的动物。通常，当历史学家发现一座古城的遗迹时，他们想要挖掘更多。“问题是，大多数时候，古代城市往往在现代城市的下面，”Orton说。“你不能把所有的东西都挖出来。”但你可以跟着老鼠走。他解释说，老鼠“非常依赖人类提供食物和住所”。)”推知，老鼠可以帮助历史学家了解古代城市的规模。故选D。15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Itcanbedifficulttoseetheirvalue—otherthanasananimalmodelforstudyinghumanillness.Butratshavemoretoshare.(除了作为研究人类疾病的动物模型之外，很难看到它们的价值。但是老鼠有更多的东西可以分享)”以及第三段“Inrats,DNA“reallytellsastoryaboutthepeople,”saysEmilyPuckett,whostudieshowaspecies’DNAdiffersacrossitsrange.(在老鼠身上，DNA“确实讲述了一个关于人类的故事，”EmilyPuckett说，她研究的是一个物种的DNA在其分布范围内的差异)”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍的是老鼠揭露了人类的历史。所以“RatsRevealtheHistoryofUs(老鼠揭示了我们的历史)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。16．B17．A18．D19．F20．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种效应——回声室效应，介绍了这种效应的起源以及处理方法。16．根据空前“Echochamberscanhappenanywhereinformationisexchanged,whetherit’sonlineorinreallife.TheInternethasauniquetypeofechochambercalledafilterbubble(过滤泡沫).(回声室可以发生在任何信息交换的地方，无论是在网上还是在现实生活中。互联网有一种独特的回声室，称为过滤泡。)”可知，上文主要介绍了之所以会出现回声室效应，是因为过滤泡。选项B“Itiscreatedbykeepingtrackofwhatyouclickon.(它是通过跟踪你点击的内容而创建的。)”解释了过滤泡是如何过滤你看到的内容的，同时和下文“Websiteswillthenprimarilyshowyoucontentthat’ssimilartowhatyou’vealreadyexpressedinterestin,whichpreventyoufromfindingnewideasonline.(然后，网站将主要向你展示与你已经表示感兴趣的内容相似的内容，这阻止了你在网上找到新的想法。)”内容上保持一致。故选B。17．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Ifyou’reeverwonderingifasocialgrouporwebsitemaybeanechochamber,stopandthinkaboutafewquestions.Dotheytendtoonlygiveoneperspectiveonanissue?Isthatviewpointmainlysupportedbyrumororincompleteevidence?(如果你想知道一个社交团体或网站是不是一个回声室，停下来思考几个问题。他们是否倾向于对一个问题只给出一种观点？这个观点主要是谣言还是不完整的证据？)”和“Ifyouansweredyestoanyofthesequestions,youmayhavefoundanechochamber.(如果你对以上任何一个问题的回答是肯定的，你可能已经找到了回声室。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如何分辨出回声室。选项A“Echochamberscanalsobe