英国作家简介之John-Donne-课件

JohnDonne

(1572-1631)1PPT课件JohnDonnetheleadingfigureofthemetaphysicalschool

2PPT课件HisLife

JohnDonnewasborntoaprosperousLondonin1572.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewasraisedbyhismother,Elizabeth.

Donne'sfirstliterarywork,satireswaswrittenduringthisperiod.Thiswasfollowedby

Songs

andSonnets.

3PPT课件Thenin1617AnneDonnediedingivingbirthtothecouple's12thchild.HerdeathaffectedDonnegreatly,thoughhecontinuedtowrite,notablyHolySonnets(1618).InhisfinalyearsDonne'spoemsreflectanobsessionwithhisowndeath,whichcameonMarch31,1631.JohnDonneisrememberedforthewitandpoignancyofhispoetry.4PPT课件Donne’spoemscanbedividedintotwocategories:theyouthfullovelyricsandthelatersacredverses.TheyouthfullovelyricswerepublishedafterhisdeathasSongsandSonnetsin1633.Hisearlypoemswerelovesongs,elegies,andversesatires.Donne’slatersacredverses,publishedin1624asDevotionsuponEmergentOccasionswhichshowtheintenseinterestDonnetookinthespectacleofmoralityundertheshadowofdeath,avisionthathauntedhimperpetually,andinspiredthehighestflightsofhiseloquence.5PPT课件MetaphysicalPoetry6PPT课件Thetermappliestoagroupof17th-centuryEnglishpoetswhousedcertaincommontechniquesandemployedafewcommonthemes.RevoltagainstElizabethanlovepoetryandthetradition.Psychologicalanalysisofemotionsofloveandreligion.Penchantfornovelandevenshockingcomparisons.Metaphysicalconceit---extendedmetaphor.Metaphysicalwit---comparisonofapparentlyquitedissimilarobjectsofconceptsandthediscoverythattheyareafterallsimilar.Roughnessofmeterandirregularrhyme.7PPT课件MetaphysicalSchool8PPT课件ThoughtherewasnoorganizedgroupofpoetswhoimitatedDonne,theinfluenceofhispoeticstylewaswidelyfeltonGeorgeHerbert,RichardCrashow,HenryVaughan,andA.Cowley.TheywerenamedasthemetaphysicalschoolofpoetsbyJohnDrydenandDr.Johnson,notwithoutaderogatoryconnotation.SamuelJohnsoncoinedtheterm"metaphysicalpoets"todescribeDonneandhispoeticdescendantswhenhewroteofAbrahamCowleyintheLivesoftheEnglishPoetsthatthemetaphysicalpoetsweremenoflearning,andtoshowlearningwastheirwholeendeavor.9PPT课件Features

Thedictionissimple,andechoesthewordsandcadencesofcommonspeech.Theimageryisdrawnfromtheactuallife.Theformisfrequentlythatofanargumentwiththepoet’sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.10PPT课件Conceit(奇喻)Orfar-fetchedcomparisons.Acomparisonbecomesaconceitwhenwearemadetoconcedelikenesswhilebeingstronglyconsciousofunlikeness.

TheElizabethanpoetswerefondofPetrarchanconceits,whichwereconventionalcomparisons,imitatedfromthelovesongsofPetrarch,inwhichthebelovedwascomparedtoaflower,agarden,orthelike.Themetaphysicalpoetsfashionedconceitsthatwerewitty,complex,intellectual,andoftenstartling.SamuelJohnsondisapprovedofsuchstrainedmetaphors,declaringthatintheconceit“themostheterogeneousideasareyokedbyviolencetogether.”11PPT课件Deathbenotproud12PPT课件

Death,benotproud,thoughsomehavecalledtheeMightyanddreadful,forthouarenotso;Forthosewhomyouthink’stthoudostoverthrowDienot,poorDeath,noryetcanstthoukillme.//

Fromrestandsleep,whichbutthypicturesbe,Muchpleasure,thenfromtheemuchmoremustflow,Andsoonestourbestmenwiththeedogo,Restoftheirbones,andsoul’sdelivery.//

Thou’rtslavetoFate,chance,kings,anddesperatemen,Anddostwithpoision,war,andsicknessdwell,Andpoppy,orcharmscanmakeussleepaswell,Andbetterthanthystroke;whyswell’stthouthen?

//

Oneshortsleeppast,wewakeeternally,AndDeathshallbenomore;Death,thoushaltdie.

//

abbaabbacddcee13PPT课件死神，你莫骄傲

死神，你莫骄傲，尽管有人说你

如何强大，如何可怕，你并不是这样；

你以为你把谁谁谁打倒了，其实，

可怜的死神，他们没死；你现在也还杀不死我。

休息、睡眠，这些不过是你的写照，

既能给人享受，那你本人提供的一定更多；

我们最美好的人随你去得越早，

越能早日获得身体的休息，灵魂的解脱。

你是命运、机会、君主、亡命徒的奴隶，

你和毒药、战争、疾病同住在一起，

罂粟和咒符和你的打击相比，同样，

甚至更能催我入睡；那你何必趾高气扬呢？

睡了一小觉之后，我们便永远觉醒了，

再也不会有死亡，你死神也将死去。14PPT课件Argueagainstthecommonbeliefindeath:mightyanddreadfulThepoetgivesDeathahumancharacteristictoscornDeath'sfalsepride.Hepointsoutthat,althoughmostpeopleareterrifiedofDeath,thereisnoreasonatallforthisfear.FirstQuatrain15PPT课件SecondQuatrain

Reason:Deathismerelyapictureofeternalrestandsleep.Justasrestandsleepbringmuchhappiness,soDeathwillbringmuchmorehappinessbecausehebringseternalrest.Eventhebestpeoplewilleventuallydie,andthentheirboneswillbeatrestwhiletheirsoulsexperienceeternalhappiness.16PPT课件ThirdQuatrainThepoetcomparesDeathtoaslave.Deathisaservanttofate,chance(accidentaldisasters),kingsanddesperatemen.SoDeathhasnooptionbuttoarriveandtakethatpersonintohisarms.Deathisalsotheslavetopoison,warandsickness.AllofthesecausepeopletodiewithoutseekingDeath'spermission.Andyet,drugsandmagicalsomakepeoplesleep,ofteninamoreenrichingwaythanthatwhichDeathpromises.17PPT课件RhymingCoupletOneshortsleeppast,wewakeeternally,AndDeathshallbenomore;Death,thou

shaltdieIronyParadox:Deathitselfwilldie!Thepoetpointsout