2021年6月《大学英语四级》第1套考试真题与参考答案

2021年6月《大学英语四级》考试真题

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaytitled“Istechnology

makingpeoplelazy?).Thestatementgivenbelowisforyourreference.Youshouldwriteatleast

120wordsbunomorethan180words.

Manystudiesclaimthatcomputersdistractpeople,makethemlazythinkersandevenlower

theirworkefficiency.

PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,you

willheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillhespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)

andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)EnrolhiminaNewcastlefootballclub.

B)Sendhimtoanafter-schoolartclass.

C)Forbidhimtodrawinhisworkbook.

D)Helphimposthisdrawingsonline.

2.A)ContactedJoetodecorateitsdining-room.

B)HiredJoetopaintallthewallsofisbuildings.

C)Renovateditskitchenandallthedining-rooms.

D)AskedJoeforpermissiontousehisonlinedrawings.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Getherpetdogback.

B)Begforhelpfromthepolice.

C)Identifythesuspectonthesecurityvideo.

D)Postpicturesofherpetdogonsocialmedia.

4.A)Itissufferingagreatdealfromtheincident.

B)Itishelpingthepolicewiththeinvestigation.

C)Itisbringingthecasetothelocaldistrictcourt.

D)Itisofferingabigrewardtoanyonewhohelps.

Questions5and7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Providefreemealstothelocalpoor.

B)Helppeopleconnectwitheachother.

C)Helpeliminateclassdifferenceinhisarea,

D)Providecustomerswithfirst-classservice.

6.A)Itdoesnotsuperviseitsemployees.

B)Itdonatesregularlytoalocalcharity.

C)Itdoesnotusevolunteers.

D)Itisopenroundtheclock.

7.A)Theywillrealisetheimportanceofcommunication.

B)Theywillcometothecafeevenmorefrequently.

C)Theywillcarelessabouttheirownbackground.

D)Theywillfindtheyhavesomethingincommon.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,

youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)fC)

andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)AsurprisepartyforPaufsbirthday..

B)Travelplansforthecomingweekend.

C)PreparationsforSaturday'sget-together.

D)Thenewmarketontheothersideoftown.

9.A)Itmakesthehostess'sjobawholeloteasier.

B)Itenablesgueststowalkaroundandchatfreely.

C)Itsavesconsiderabletimeandlabor.

D)Itrequiresfewertablesandchairs.

10.A)Itofferssomebigdiscounts.

B)Itisquiteclosetoherhouse.

C)Itismorespaciousandlesscrowded.

D)Itsellslocalwinesandsoftdrinks.

11.A)Cookadishfortheparty.

B)Arrive10minutesearlie匚

C)Prepareafewopeningremarks.

D)Bringhiscomputerandspeakers.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Forcommutingtowork.

B)Forlong-distancetravel,

C)ForgettingaroundinMiami.

D)Forconvenienceatweekends.

13.A)Theyarereliable.

B)Theyarecompact.

C)Theyarespacious.

D)Theyareeasytodrive.

14.A)Buyasecond-handcar.

B)Trustherownjudgment.

C)Seekadvicefromhisfriend.

D)Lookaroundbeforedeciding.

15.A)Hesellsnewcars,

B)Hecanbetrusted.

C)Heisstartingabusiness.

D)Heisasuccessfulcardealer.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhear

threeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryou

hearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)fC)andD).

ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Manyescapedfromfarmsandbecamewild.

B)TheywereactuallynativetoNorthAmerica.

C)Manygotkillinthewildwhensearchingforfood.

D)TheywerehuntedbySpanishandRussianexplorers.

17.A)Theyoftenmakesuddenattacksonpeople.

B)Theybreak,upnature'sfoodsupplychain.

C)Theycausemuchenvironmentalpollution.

D)Theycarryagreatmanydiseases.

18.A)Theylivedpeacefullywithwildpigs.

B)Theyranoutoffoodcompletely.

C)Theyfellvictimtoeagles.

D)Theyreproducedquickly.

Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Tastecoffeewhileinouterspace.

B)Roastcoffeebeansinouterspace.

C)Developanewstrainofcoffeebean.

D)Useapressurisedtanktobrewcoffee.

20.A)Theycaneasilygetburned.

B)Theyfloataroundintheoven.

C)Theyhavetobeheatedto360℃.

D)Theyreceiveevenlydistributedheat.

21.A)Theychargedahighpricefortheirspace-roastedcoffeebeans.

B)TheysetupabranchinDubaitomanufacturecoffeeroasters.

C)Theycollaboratedonbuildingthefirstspacecoffeemachine.

D)Theyabandonedtheattempttoroastcoffeebeansinspace.

Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Itisthebesttimeforsightseeing.

B)Aracepassesthroughitannually.

C)TheycometocleantheIditarodTrail,

D)Itiswhenthevillagerschooseaqueen.

23.A)Itschildren'sbakingskills.

B)Itsuniquewinterscenery.

C)Itstastyfruitpies.

D)Itsgreatfoodvariety.

24.A)Thecontestants.

B)Theentirevillage.

C)JanNewtonandherfriends.

D)PeoplefromthestateofIdaho.

25.A)SheownedarestaurantinIdaho.

B)Shemarriedherhusbandin1972.

C)ShewenttoAlaskatocompeteinrace.

D)Shehelpedthevillagetobecomefamous.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectoneword

foreachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthehankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

MostanimalsseekshadewhentemperaturesintheSaharaDesertsoarto120degrees

Fahrenheit,ButfortheSaharansilverant,26fromtheirundergroundnestsintothesun's

Brutalto27forfood,thisistheperfecttimetoseeklunch.In2015theseantswerejoinedin

thedesertbyscientistsfromtwoBelgianuniversities,whospentamonthinthe28heat

trackingtheantsanddiggingouttheirnests.Thegoalwassimple,todiscoverhowthe_29

adaptedtothekindofheatthatcan30meltthebottomofshoes.

BackinBelgium,thescientistslookedattheantsunderanelectronicmicroscopeandfound

thattheir31triangularhairreflectslightlikeaprism(棱镜)，givingthemametallic

reflectionandprotectingthemfromthesun'sawfulheat.WhenPh.D.studentQuentinWillot

32_thehairfromanantwith33knifeandputitunderaheatlamp,itstemperature

jumped.

Theants,methodofstayingcoolis34amonganimals.Couldthisreflectivetypeof

hairprotectpeople?Willotsayscompaniesareinterestedin35theseants*methodofheat

protectionforhumanuse,includingeverythingfromhelpingtoprotectthelivesoffirefightersto

keepinghomescoolinsummer.

A)adapting

B)consciouslyD)remote

C)crawlingJ)removed

D)crowdedK)species

E)extremeL)specimens

F)huntM)thick

G)literallyN)tiny

H)moderate0)unique

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfrom

whichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraph

ismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet2.

Thestartofhighschooldoesn'thavetobestressful

[A]Thismonth,morethan4millionstudentsacrossthenationwillbeginhighschool.Many

willdowell.Butmanywillnot.Considerthatnearlytwo-thirdsofstudentswillexperiencethe

“ninth-gradeshock,“whichreferstoadramaticdropinastudent'sacademicperformance.Some

studentscopewiththisshockbyavoidingchallenges.Forinstance,theymaydropdifficult

coursework.Othersmayexperienceahopelessnessthatresultsinfailingtheircoreclasses,suchas

English,scienceandmath.

[BJThisshouldmatteragreatdealtoparents,teachersandpolicymakers.Ultimatelyit

shouldmattertothestudentsthemselvesandsocietyatlarge,becausestudents*experienceof

transitioning（过渡）totheninthgradecanhavelong-termconsequencesnotonlyforthestudents

themselvesbutfortheirhomecommunities.Wemaketheseobservationsasresearchpsychologists

whohavestudiedhowschoolsandfamiliescanhelpyoungpeoplethrive.

[CJInthenewglobaleconomy,studentswhofailtofinishtheninthgradewithpassing

gradesincollegepreparatorycourseworkareveryunlikelytograduateontimeandgoontoget

jobs.Onestudyhascalculatedthatthelifetimebenefittothelocaleconomyforasingleadditional

studentwhocompleteshighschoolishalfamilliondollarsormore.Thisisbasedonhigher

earningsandavoidedcostsinhealthcare,crime,welfaredependenceandotherthings.

[D]Theconsequencesofdoingpoorlyintheninthgradecanimpactmorethanstudents,

abilitytofindagoodjob.Itcanalsoimpacttheextenttowhichtheyenjoylife.Studentslose

manyofthefriendstheyturnedtoforsupportwhentheymovefromtheeighthtotheninthgrade.

Onestudyofninth-gradestudentsfoundthat50percentoffriendshipsamongninthgraders

changedfromonemonthtothenext,signalingstrikinginstabilityinfriendships.

[EJInaddition,studiesfindthefirstyearofhighschooltypicallyshowsoneofthegreatest

increasesindepressionofanyyearoverthelifespan.Researchersthinkthatoneexplanationisthat

tiestofriendsarebrokenwhileacademicdemandsarerising.Furthermore,mostadultcasesof

clinicaldepressionfirstemergeinadolescence（青春『羽）.TheWorldHealthOrganizationreports

thatdepressionhasthegreatestburdenofdiseaseworldwide,intermsofthetotalcostoftreatment

andthelossofproductivity.

[F]Givenallthat'sridingonhavingasuccessfulninthgradeexperience,itpaystoexplore

whatcanbedonetomeettheacademic,socialandemotionalchallengesofthetransitiontohigh

school.Sofar,ourstudieshaveyieldedonemaininsight:Students'beliefsaboutchange-their

beliefsaboutwhetherpeoplearestuckonewayforever,orwhetherpeoplecanchangetheir

personalitiesandabilities-arerelatedtotheirabilitytocope,succeedacademicallyandmaintain

goodmentalhealth.Pastresearchhascalledthesebeliefs"mim/sefs（思维模式）witha''fixed

mindsetreferringtothebeliefthatpeoplecannotchangeanda“growthmindset"referringtothe

beliefthatpeoplecanchange.

（GJInonerecentstudy,weexamined360adolescents,beliefsaboutthenatureof

“smartness”-thatis,theirfixedmindsetsaboutintelligence..Wethenassessedbiologicalstress

responsesforstudentswhosegradesweredroppingbyexaminingtheirstresshormones（荷尔

蒙）.Studentswhobelievedthatintelligenceisfixed-thatyouarestuckbeingt4notsmart"ifyou

struggleinschool—showedhigherlevelsofstresshormoneswhentheirgradesweredecliningat

thebeginningoftheninthgrade.Ifstudentsbelievedthatintelligencecouldimprove-thatisto

say,whentheyheldmoreofagrowthmindsetofintelligence-theyshowedlowerlevelsofstress

hormoneswhentheirgradesweredeclining.Thiswasanexitingresultbecauseitshowedthatthe

body'sstressresponsesarenotdeterminedsolelybyone'sgrades.Instead,declininggradesonly

predictedworsestresshormonesamongstudentswhobelievedthatworseninggradeswerea

permanentandhopelessstateofaffairs.

（HJWealsoinvestigatedthesocialsideofthehighschooltransition.Inthisstudy,insteadof

teachingstudentsthattheirsmartnesscanchange,wetaughtthemthattheirsocialstanding-thatis,

whethertheyarebulliedorexcludedorleftout-canchangeovertime.Wethenlookedathigh

schoolstudents,stressresponsestodailysocialdifficulties.Thatis,wetaughtthemagrowth

mindsetabouttheirsociallives.Inthisstudy,studentscameintothelaboratoryandwereaskedto

giveapublicspeechinfontofupper-yearstudents.Thetopicofthespeechwaswhatmakesone

popularinhighschool.Followingthis,studentshadtocompleteadifficultmentalmathtaskin

frontofthesameupper-yearstudents.

[I]Experimentresultsshowedthatstudentswhowerenottaughtthatpeoplecanchange

showedpoorstressresponses.Whenthesestudentsgavethespeech,theirbloodvesselscontracted

andtheirheartspumpedlessbloodthroughthebody—bothresponsesthatthebodyshowswhenit

ispreparingfordamageordefeatafteraphysicalthreat.Thentheygaveworsespeechesandmade

moremistakesinmath.Butwhenstudentsweretaughtthatpeoplecanchange,theyhadbetter

responsestostress,inpartbecausetheyfeltliketheyhadtheresourcestodealwiththedemanding

situation.Studentswhogotthegrowthmindsetintetyention（干预）showedless-contractedblood

vesselsandtheirheartspumpedmoreblood-bothofwhichcontributedtomoreoxygengettingto

thebrain,and,ultimately,betterperformanceonthespeechandmentalmathtasks.

UJThesefindingsleadtoseveralpossibilitiesthatweareinvestigatingfurther.First,weare

workingtoreplicate（复制）thesefindingsinmorediverseschoolcommunities.Wewanttoknow

inwhichtypesofschoolsandforwhichkindsofstudentsthesegrowthmindsetideashelpyoung

peopleadapttothechallengesofhighschool.Wealsohopetolearnhowteachers,parentsor

schoolcounselorscanhelpstudentskeeptheirongoingacademicorsocialdifficultiesin

perspective.Wewonderwhatwouldhappenifschoolshelpedtomakebeliefsaboutthepotential

forchangeandimprovementalargerfeatureoftheoverallschoolculture,especiallyforstudents

staringtheninthgrade.

36.Thenumberofpeopleexperiencingdepressionshowsasharpincreaseinthefirstyearof

highschool.

37.Accordingtoonestudy,students5academicperformanceisnottheonlydecisivefactorof

theirstressresponses.

38.Researcherswouldliketoexplorefurtherhowparentsandschoolscanhelpninthgraders

bychangingtheirmindset.

39.Accordingtoonestudy,eachhighschoolgraduatecontributesatleast500,000dollarsto

thelocaleconomy.，

40.Inonestudy,studentsweretoldtheirsocialpositioninschoolisnotunchangeable.

41.Itisreportedthatdepressionresultsinenormouseconomiclossesworldwide.

42.Onestudyshowedthatfriendshipsamongninthgraderswerefarfromstable.

43.Morethanhalfofstudentswillfindtheiracademicperformancedecliningshaiplywhen

theyentertheninthgrade.

44.Researchersfoundthroughexperimentsthatstudentscouldbetaughttorespondtostress

inmorepositiveway.

45.Itisbeneficialtoexplorewaystocopewiththechallengesfacingstudentsenteringhigh

school.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).You

shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Educatorsandbusinessleadershavemoreincommonthanitmayseem.Teacherswantto

preparestudentsforasuccessfulfuture.Technologycompanieshaveaninterestindevelopinga

workforcewiththeSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)sillsneededtogrowthe

companyandadvancetheindustry.Howcantheywoktogethertoachievethesegoals?Playmay

betheanswer.

FocusingonSTEMskillsisimportant,buttherealityisthatSTEMsillsareenhancedand

morerelevantwhencombinedwithtraditional,hands-oncreativeactivities.Thiscombinationis

provingtobethebestwaytopreparetoday'schildrentobethemakersandbuildersoftomorrow.

Thatiswhytechnologycompaniesarepartneringwitheducatorstobringbackgood,

old-fashionedplay.

Infactmanyexpertsarguethatthemostimportant21st-centuryskillsaren'trelatedtospecific

technologiesorsubjectmatter,buttocreativity;skillslikeimagination,problem-findingand

problem-solving,teamwork,optimism,patienceandtheabilitytoexperimentandtakerisks.

Theseareskillsacquiredwhenkidstinker(鼓捣小玩意)，High-techindustriessuchasNASA'sJet

PropulsionLaboratoryhavefoundthattheirbestoverallproblemsolversweremastertinkerersin

theiryouth.

Therearecognitive(认知的)benefitsofdoingthingsthewaywedidaschildren—building

something,tearingitdown,thenbuilding,itupagain.Researchshowsthatgiven15minutesof

freepay,four-andfive-year-oldswillspendahidofthistimeengagedinspatial,mathematical,

andarchitecturalactivities.Thistypeofplay——especialwithbuildingblocks-helpschildren

discoveranddevelopkeyprinciplesinmathandgeometry.

Ifplayandbuildingarecriticallo21stcenturyskilldevelopment,that?sreallygoodnewsfor

tworeasons:Childrenarebornbuilders,makers,andcreators,sofiltering(培养)21st-centary

skillsmaybeassimpleasgivingkidsroomtoplay,tinkerandtrythingout,evenastheygrow

older,Secondly,itdoesn'ttake21st-centurytechnologytofoster21st-centuryskills.Thisis

especiallyimportantforunder-resourcedschoolsandcommunities.Takingwhatevermaterialsare

handyandtinkeringwiththemisasimplewaytoengagethoseimportant“maker“skills.And

anyone,anywhere,candoit.

46.Whatdocstheauthorsayabouteducators?

A)Theyseekadvicefromtechnologycompaniestoachieveteachinggoals.

B)Theyhavebeensuccessfulinpreparingtheworkforceforcompanies.

C)Theyhelpstudentsacquiretheskillsneededfortheirfuturesuccess.

D)Theypartnerwithtechnologycompaniestoenhanceteachingefficiency.

47.Howcaneducatorsbetterdevelopstudents*STEMskills,accordingtotheauthor?

A)Byblendingthemwithtraditional,stimulatingactivities.

B)Byinvitingbusinessleaderstohelpdesigncurriculums.

C)Byenhancingstudents'abilitytothinkinacriticalway.

D)Byshowingstudentsthebestwaytolearnisthroughplay.

48.Howdochildrenacquiretheskillsneededforthe21stcentury?

A)Byengaginginactivitiesinvolvingspecifictechnologies.

B)Byplayingwiththingstosolveproblemsontheirown.

C)Byfamiliarizingthemselveswithhigh-techgadgets.

D)Bymasteringbasicprinciplesthroughteamwork.

49.Whatcanwedotohelpchildrenlearnthebasicsofmathandgeometry?

A)Stimulatetheirinterestasearlyaspossible.

B)Spendmoretimeplayinggameswiththem.

C)Encouragethemtomakethingswithhands.

D)Allowthemtotinkerfreelywithcalculators.

50.Whatdoestheauthoradvisedisadvantagedschoolsandcommunitiestodo?

A)Trainstudentstobemakerstomeetfuturemarketdemands.

B)Developstudents9creativeskillswiththeresourcesavailable.

C)Engagestudentswithchallengingtaskstofostertheircreativity.

D)Worktogetherwithcompaniestoimprovetheirteachingfacilities.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Beinganinformationtechnology,orIT,workerisnotajobIenvy.Theyaretheoneswho,

rightinthemiddleofacriticalmeeting,areexpectedtoinstantlyfixtheprojectorthat'snolonger

working.Theyhavetotoleratethebadtempersofcolleaguesfrustratedatthenumberoftimes

they'vehadtocallthehelpdeskforthesameissue.Theyarealsotheoneswhoknowthereare

systemsthataremorepowerful,reliableandfaster,buttheiremployersimplywillnotputupthe

fundstobuythem.

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,employeeswhohaveajobreliantonITsupportconsiderITa

majorsourceofjobdissatisfaction.Throughnofaultoftheyown,theycansuddenlyfindtheir

productivitydeterioratingorqualitycontrolnon-existent.Andthere'slittletheycandoaboutit.

TheexperienceofusingITpenetratesalmosttheentireworkfield.Ithasbecomeacrucial

partofemployees'overallworkexperience.WhenITisoperatingasitshould,employee

self-confidenceswells.Theirjobsatisfaction,too,cansurgewhenwell-functioningmachines

relievethemofdulltasksorrepetitiveprocesses.Butifthere'sonethingthattriggerswidespread

employeefrustration,ifsanITtransformationprojectgonewrong,whereswollenexpectations

havebeenpoppedandalonglistofpromisedefficiencieshavebeenreversed.Thisoccurswhen

businessleadersimplementITinitiativeswithlittleconsiderationofhowthosechangeswill

impacttheenduser.

WhichiswhymanagersshouldappreciatejusthowinfluentialtheITuserexperienceisto

theiremployees,andexertsubstantialeffortinensuringtheirITteameliminatesprogramming

errorsandapplicationcrashes.AdequateandtimelyITsupportshouldalsobeavailabletoenable

userstocopewithtechnologicalissuesatwork.Moreimportantly,ITpractitionersneedto

understandwhatemployeesexperiencementallywhenheyuseIT.

Therefore,businessesneedtosetuptheirITinfrastructuresothatitisdesignedtofitinwith

theiremployees,work,ratherthanadjusttheirwoktofitinwiththecompany'sITlimitations.

51.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutworkinginIT?

A)Itisenviedbymany.

B)Itdoesnotappealtohim.

CItisfinanciallyrewarding.

D)Itdoesnotmatchhisabilities.

52.WhatisthefindingofarecentsurveyonemployeeswhohaveajobreliantonIT

support?

A)IThelpsboostproductivity.

B)IThelpsimprovequalitycontrol.

C)ManyemployeesaredeeplyfrustratedbyIT.

D)MostemployeesrelyheavilyonITintheirwork.

53.WhatissaidtohappenwhenITisfunctioningproperly?

A)Thereisabigboostinemployees,workefficiency.

B)Employeesbecomemoredependentonmachines.

C)Therearenolongeranyboringorrepetitivetasks.

D)Employeesbecomemoreconfidentintheirwork.

54.WhatshouldbusinessleadersdobeforeimplementingnewITinitiatives?

A)Considerthevariousexpectationsoftheircustomers.

B)Drawupalistoftheefficienciestobepromised.

C)Assesstheswollencostoftrainingtheemployees.

D)Thinkaboutthepossibleeffectsontheiremployees.

55.Howcanabusinesshelpimproveitsemployees*experienceinusingIT?

A)Bydesigningsystemsthatsuittheirneeds.

B)Byensu