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新能源汽车动力总成的可靠性改进方向探索ExplorationonReliabilityImprovementofPowertrainforNewEnergyVehicle1/11Presentedby:GaoWenkaiOutlineComparisonofDifferientEVsBackgroundGroupDivision2/11DevelopmentofNewEnergyVehicles3/11NationalStandardBackgroundofAutomotiveIndustry4/1110YearsStrategicTargetType2020SalesDomesticMarketShareOilConsu-mption2025SalesDomesticMarketShareOilConsu-mptionEV1mio70%3mio80%FCEV1000AreaOpera-tionEEV5L/100km4L/100kmEEVandNEVMainObjectesPlanning5/11HybridElectricVhicle(HEV)AdvantagesReducefuelconsumptionThedriverneednottochangehabbitImprovedrivingperformanceReducenoiseofmechanicalDisadvantagesTechnologycostistoohighPropertylimitedbydrivingconditon6/11FuelCellElectricVehicle(FCEV)GenerallyFuelcellsinvehiclesgenerateelectricitytopowerthemotor,generallyusingoxygenfromtheairandcompressedhydrogen.AdvantagesZero-emissionsCharginggasquicklyHavinglongerdrivingdistancethanPEVDisadvantagesTechnologycostistoohighZero-emissionshydrogenproductionisachanllengeStorageandtransportationaredifficult7/11PureElectricVehicle(PEV)AdvantagesZero-emissionsHighutilizationofenergyLownoiseSimpleConfigurationofvehicleDisadvantagesDrivingdistanceisshortChargingtimeislongBatterylifeisshortTechnologycostistoohigh8/11TypeHEVFCEVPEVDistanceEmissionChargingTimeOilSavingChargingEquipmentIndustrializationPotentialTechnicalDifficultyCompareVerygoodnormalgoodHEVandPEVhaveadvantagesandpotentialintenyears9/11PureElectricVehicle(PEV)10/11GroupDivision
MotorControlIn-WheelMotorConfigurationPowerBetteryResearchBetteryManagementSystemMotorStructure11/11点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本The
BatteryPresentedby:ChenXinyue1/7PEV'sRequirementsonBatteriesTheComparisonBetweenDifferentBatteriesReliabilityImprovementofBatteriesOutline2/7点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本EnvironmentalProtectionHighCostPerformanceLong-LifeHighEnergyDensityWhatrequirementsdoPEV’sbatteriesneedtomeet?Comparedtootherbatteries,lithiumbatteryismoreenvironmentallyfriendly,hashighspecificenergy,andthusisthemostpromising.3/7点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本LiFePO4NCM/NCALiCoO2LiMn2O44/7
NCANCMLiFePO4LiMn2O4LiCoO2VoltagePlatform3.73.63.23.83.7Energy
Density>180160~180120~130130~150150~180CycleLife>2000>2000>2000500~800>1000CostLowLowHighTheLowestHigherComprehensivePerformanceExcellentExcellentGoodBadGoodAdvantagesHighenergydensity,goodlowtemperatureperformanceElectrochemicalstability,goodcycleperformanceHighsafety,longcyclelifeManganeseisrichinresources,lowprice,goodsecurityStablecharginganddischarging,simpleproductionprocessDisadvantagesPoorperformanceathightemperature,poorsafety,highproductiontechnologyrequirementsThepriceofcobaltisexpensivePoorperformanceatlowtemperature,lowdischargevoltageLowenergydensityandpoorelectrolytecompatibilityThepriceofcobaltishigh,lowcycle
life5/7
ReliabilityImprovementProduction
CraftElectrolyteCost6/7Doyouknowgraphene?7/7点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本BatteryManagementSystemPresentedby:WangXiaorong1/15WhatistheBMS?WhydotheEVsneedBMS?Whatisthedirectionforthereliability?Outline2/15Lithium-ionbatterypackhasmanyproblemssuchassafety,durability,dynamic,cost
andsoon,whichrestrictsthewideapplicationoflithium-ionbatteryinvehiclefield.Lithium-ionbatterysafeandreliableworkingareaisnarrow,theneedforbatterymanagementsystemforeffectivemanagementandcontrol.WhydotheEVsneedBMS?3/15Lithium-ionbatterysafetyoperatingwindowrangeisnarrow:Reliableoperatingtemperature:-20~55℃4/1522SOCBatteryParameterMonitorSOHSOFFaults
DiagnosisOBDSafetyControlandReportChargingControlBalanceFunctionsSafetyTempretureControlEMCSOEWhatistheBMS?5/15Durability
SafetyDynamicWhatisthedirectionforthereliability?6/15点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本Safety7/15BackgroundTheToyotaPriusfireincident.08.2008ChevroletWolandacaughtfire.05.2011FiskKarmafireincident01.2012Boeing787fireincident01.2013Theaccidentgreatlyhampertheconfidenceofconsumerstoacceptelectricvehicles,hinderthepopularityofelectricvehicles.8/15AirgoinAirgooutAirgoinAirgooutThermalRunawayinBatteryPack机械触发电触发热触发短路产热热失控9/15InternalShortCircuitinBatteryPack
ISC
Batteryinternalself-loop,thecontinuousconsumptionofthebatterypoweriscalledtheshortcircuit.ISC10/15点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本Durability11/15PhenomenonResistantIncrease
CapacityDecayResearchonBatteryDurabilityElementdischargeratechargeratetemperaturecut-offvoltageDurability12/15点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本Dynamic13/15StatusofHealthEstimatesSOH,thesameasbatterydurability,isoneofthemostimportantstateofthebattery.TheSOHofthebatteryisusuallydefinedbythelossofcapacity
ofthebattery.Batteryaging.14/15电池性能衰减TheSOFestimationmainlyreferstotheavailableoutputpowerStateofFunction
15/15点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本The
motorPresentedby:QiaoDongdong1/12OutlineRequirementsMotorIndustryStatusQuoTheSelectionofMotorReliabilityofMotor2/12Vibration
CoolingSealing
Requirements3/12PermanentMagnetSynchronousMotorAsynchronousMotorMotorIndustryStatusQuo4/12PerformanceandTypeDCMAMPMSMSRMSpeedRange/rpm4000-600012000-200004000-10000>15000PowerDensityLowMiddleHighHigherWeightHeavyMiddleLightLightVolumeBigMiddleSmallSmallReliabilityBadGoodGoodGoodStructuralRobustnessBadGoodGoodGoodTheControllerCostLowHighHighGeneralComparisonofPerformanceThePermanentMagnetSynchronousMotorTheSelectionofMotor5/12Thestator
ThepermanentmagnetrotorThecoverandtheshellTheStructureofPMSM6/12ThevibrationofPMSMThe
sealing
ofPMSMThe
heatdissipation
ofPMSMTheReliabilityofPMSM7/12ElectromagnetictorquevibrationMechanicalvibrationTheroadexcitationvibrationTheVibrationofPMSM8/12IncreasedmechanicalwearChangemagneticgapReducethemagnetismofpermanentmagnetNormalmovementAbnormalmovementTheVibrationEffectofPMSM9/12TheHeatSourceCopperlossIronloss
Mechanicalfriction
TheCoolingWayAircooling(rotor)Watercooling(stator)TheCoolingandSealingofPMSM10/12ForcedCoolingCoordinationofSealingandHeatDissipationConflictofSealingandHeatDissipationSealingCoolingTheCoolingandSealingofPMSM11/12RotorCoolingStatorCoolingWaterPipingArrangement
"Z"glyphSpiralTheStructureofCoolingSystem12/12点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本In-Wheel
Motor
ConfigurationPresentedby:DaiLei1/9Outline2/93/9WhyIn-WheelMotor?Simplified,lightweightConnectedbythesoftcable,moreflexible.Improvetheefficiency.Reducethenoise,improvethecar'sridecomfort.Theenergyrecoveryefficiencyofthebrakingsystemissignificantlyincreased4/95/9SomeNewTechnicalChallengesIncreasethecar'sunsprungmassesMotorwillwithstandalargeimpactloadontheroadWheelinternalspaceislimitedCoolingandsealingprotectionproblems6/9TwotypesofIn-WheelMotor
TypeRotatingSpeedRotorArrangementDisadvantagesAdvantagesDecelerated
DriveHighInternalHeavy&WorkingNoiseEfficient&LowCostDirectDriveLowExternalHighCost&LowEfficiencyStructureSimplification&FastResponse7/98/9ProblemDirectionUnsprungmassOptimizethestructure,LightweightTheimpactofthemotorfromtheroadsurfaceloadImprovethemotor‘sseismiccapacity,SettheactivevibrationdampingdeviceTorquefluctuationsTorqueripplesuppressionCorrosionofthewheelmotorImprovetheproductionprocessTheExplorationofDirectionsofImprovement
9/9点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本Motor
ControlPresentedby:ZhengTengfei1/8PermanentmagnetsynchronousmotorcontrolsystemThe
function
of
the
controllerControl
technologyof
permanentmagnet
synchronous
motorThereliabilityofthecontrollerdesignandexplorationOutlineOutline2/8PMSMControlSystemConditioningcircuitTorqueSensorEncoderElectronicThrottleSelectorSwitchSpeedSensorPressureSensorTemperatureSensorController
PMSMdriveUnitDataStorageInstrumentPanelPMSM3/8The
Function
of
The
Controller
Equipment
managementFault
diagnoseSystem
controlEnergy
management4/8
Control
Technologyof
PMSMField-orientated
controlDirect
torque
control5/8TheReliabilityofTheController
DesignandExplorationChipdesignstrategyAdvancedcontroltheory6/8主控制芯片辅控制芯片CAN总线CAN信号发送CAN信号侦听辅芯片Life信号替补CAN信号发送主--辅芯片工作原理ChipDesignStrategy7/8AdvancedControlTheoryKalmanfilteringModelreferenceadaptivecontrol
Basedontheneuralnodelreferenceadaptiveobserver
Two
problems
mustbe
solved
inthe
speed
sensorless
FieldOriented
Control
ofpermanentmagnet
synchronous
motordrive:the
speed
estimation
and
rotor
flux
observation.8/8MotorMotorControlInwheel-MotorConfigurationBatteryBMSSummary&Prospect点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本点击添加文本Thankyou!《化妆品术语》起草情况汇报中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所一、标准的立项和下达时间2006年卫生部政法司要求各标委会都要建立自己的术语标准。1ONE二、标准经费标准研制经费:3.8万三、标准的立项意义术语标准有利于行业间技术交流、提高标准一致性、消除贸易误差,作为标准体系中的基础标准,术语标准在各个领域的标准体系中均起着重要的作用。随着我国化妆品卫生标准体系建设逐步加快,所涉及的术语和定义的数量也在迅速增长,在此情形下,化妆品术语标准的制定就显得尤为重要。四、标准的制订原则1.合法性遵守《化妆品卫生监督条例》、《化妆品卫生监督条例实施细则》中关于化妆品的定义。2.协调性直接引用或修改采用的方式,与相关标准中的术语和定义相协调。3.科学性对于没有国标或定义不统一的术语,在定义时体现科学性的原则。4.实用性在标准体系中出现频率较高,与行业联系较紧密的术语优先选用。五、标准的起草经过
第一阶段:资料搜集
搜集国内外相关法规、标准、文献并对国外文献如美国21CFR进行翻译。第二阶段:2007年末形成初稿
初稿内容包括一般术语、卫生化学术语、毒理学术语、微生物术语、产品术语、人体安全和功效评价术语,常用英文成份术语等7部分。第三阶段:专家统稿1.2007年12月第一次专家统稿会(修订情况:1.在结构上增加原料功能术语、相关国际组织和科研机构等内容;2.在内容上增加一般术语、产品术语的种类,将化妆品行业的新产品类别纳入本标准;3.对于毒理学、卫生化学、微生物学术语进行修改;4.删除与化妆品联系不紧密、无存在必要的常用英文成分术语。2.2009年1月第二次专家统稿会会议意见:1.修改能引用国家标准的尽量引用国家标准;对存在歧义的个别用词进行修改。2.删除由于本标准中的“产品术语”一章和香化协会所制定的某个标准存在重复,因此删除“产品术语”一章的内容;对“原料功能术语”的内容进行梳理,删除了20余条内容。3.增加专家建议增加“化妆品限用物质”等若干项术语。第四阶段:征求意见2009年2月面向全国公开征求意见。第五阶段:征求意见的处理与
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