高考总复习：形容词和副词课件

7.形容词和副词2019年高考英语语法总复习一、基本用法形容词的基本用法如下表：句法功能例句作定语Theresearchlackssolidevidence，andtherefore，itsconclusionsaredoubtful.作表语Trainsarefastandconvenient，butrushhourscanbeterrible.作宾语补足语Lifeishardthere，andthemountainsmakecommunicationsdifficult.作主语补足语Theupperclosetwasfoundempty.作主语或宾语(与the或所有格连用)Onbuses，theyoungoffertheirseatstotheold，thesickandthedisabled.作伴随状语Thesurvivorslayonthebeach，exhaustedandshocked.副词的基本用法如下表：句法功能例句作状语修饰动词Weusedtoseeeachotherregularly，butIhaven’theardfromhimsincelastyear.修饰形容词WangWeicanbereallystubborn.修饰其他副词NeitherTomnorSusancanswimverywell.修饰全句Obviouslythereismuchroomforimprovementinourwork.作表语Michaelisabroad.作定语Whichisthewayout？作宾语补足语Iamverygladtoseeyouback.二、形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级和最高级。以下形容词及其副词无比较级和最高级：relative，absolute，perfect，entire，senior，golden，afraid，unique，present，simply，right，wrong，sure，round，empty，wonderful等。1．比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则形式①单音节以及少数以­ow(如narrow)结尾的双音节形容词或副词，在原级后加­er，­est构成。如：clever—cleverer—cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：特殊情况构成方式例词以e结尾加­r和­stbrave—braver—bravest以“辅音字母＋y”结尾变y为i，再加­er和­esthappy—happier—happiest以重读闭音节结尾双写词尾，再加­er和­esthot—hotter—hottest②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more，most构成。active—moreactive—mostactivehappily—morehappily—mosthappily(2)不规则形式good/well—better—bestfar—farther/further—farthest/furthestbad/ill/badly—worse—worstold—older/elder—oldest/eldestmany/much—more—mostlittle—less—least2．基本用法(1)两者相比(甲＝乙)，用“as＋原级＋as”表示。Forcheerleaders，theirsportisjustasseriousasbaseballorfootball.在同等比较级中，若同时出现形容词修饰单数可数名词，其语序为：as＋adj.＋a＋n.＋as。Ihaveneverhadasboringadayastoday.(2)两者相比(甲<乙)，用“notas/so＋原级＋as”表示。Unfortunately，mywifeisn’tsofondofthemasIam.(3)两者相比(甲>乙)，用“比较级＋than”表示，(甲<乙)用“less＋原级＋than”表示。SeekinginformationontheInternetismoreconvenientthansearchinginalibrary.在实际运用中，than从句常常省略，要通过上下文来理解。Travelingfromplacetoplaceisnowsomuchcheaperandeasier.(4)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较，表示最高程度时，用“the＋最高级＋比较范围”表示。Duringthe1990s，MichaelJordanwasprobablythebest­knownbasketballplayerintheworld.3．特殊用法(1)“比较级＋and＋比较级”和“moreandmore＋原级”表示“越来越……”，其反义词组为“lessandless＋原级”。Inmanywaysmydisabilityhasmademegrowmoreandmoreindependent.(2)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。ThemoreupsetIgot，thelessIwasabletoconcentrate.(3)“more＋原级＋than”表示“与其说……不如说……”。Thegirlwasmorefrightenedthanhurt.(4)“morethan＋主语＋can＋谓语”表示“非……所能；……不能”。ThebeautyofthecityismorethanIcandescribe.(5)形容词比较级前一般不用冠词，但如果出现表示范围的短语时，就需要加定冠词。Ofthetwosisters，Maryisthecleverer.有时形容词最高级前不用the，句中的most相当于very，意为“非常；十分”。Iammosthappytogetyoure­mail.4．比较级形式表示最高级含义(1)在某个特定范围内，同类事物对比，可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义：ChinaisthelargestcountryinAsia.That’s，itislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.(2)never＋...＋a＋形容词比较级＋单数名词/nothing＋...＋形容词比较级。Ihaveneverheardabettervoice./Nothingisbetterthanthevoice.Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular，theInternetisseenasa(n)________(efficiently)wayofreachingtargetcustomers.2．Whatwasso______(impression)aboutJasmineWestland’svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare­footed.3．Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase，shegavehima________(tolerance)smileandlethimgo.4．Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers________(blind)．5．HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid________(sharp)，“Don’tbesomean，”

pointingafingerofwarningather.6．Raymond’sparentswantedhimtohavethe________(well)possibleeducation.7．I’vebeenwritingthisreport________(occasion)forthelasttwoweeks，butithastobehandedintomorrow.8．Histeachertookadeepdrink，smiled________(warm)，andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.9．Theteacherreplied，“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe________(sweet)．”10．Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday，buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”________(high)．11．Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir________(nature)course.12．Wedranktogetherandtalked________(merry)tillfarintothenight.13．Oneofthe________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher，MsChen.14．Gamesareoften________(excite)anddramatic，buttheygenerallyaren’tveryintellectual.15．Seatedinacomfortablechair，listeningtothepeacefulmusic，you’llbebroughtintoa________(relax)stateofmind.16．“Howmuchisadishofplainicecream？”heasked.Somepeoplewerenowwaitingforherserviceandthewaitressgrewabit________(patience)．“Thirtyfivecents”，shesaid________(rude)．答案1.efficient

2.impressive

3.tolerant

4.blindly

5.sharply

6.best

7.occasionally

8.warmly

9.sweeter10．higher

11.natural

12.merrily

13.worst

14.exciting

15.relaxed

16.impatient；rudelyⅡ.翻译句子1．我从未听过比这更让我震惊的事情。________________________________________________