全国翻译专业资格（水平）英语二级口译综合能力模拟试卷一

全国翻译专业资格（水平）英语二级口译综合能力模拟试卷一[单选题]1.WhichofthefollowingisNOT（江南博哥）mentionedasafactorfuelingurbanization?A.Carscomingintopossessionoffamilies.B.Mechanizationofagriculture.C.Serviceindusdivy.D.Jobsinmanufacturing.参考答案：A参考解析：该段录音主要讲述促进城市人口增加（即城市化）的因素，其中提到“Mechanizationofagriculture”（农业机械化）、jobsinmanufacturing（制造行业的工作）、bureaucracy（官僚主义）和serviceindustries（服务行业），唯独没有提到A项的内容。【录音原文】Thegrowingpopulationhasbeenmovingsteadilyintocities.Mechanizationofagricultureisoneofthefactorspushingpeopleawayfromthecountryside.Inaddition,jobsinmanufacturing,bureaucracy,andserviceindustriespullthemtothecities.[单选题]2.WhichofthefollowingcoundiviesisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.USA.B.UK.C.France.D.Germany.参考答案：D参考解析：录音中提到Britain（UK）和Canada建议市民推迟到SaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）的非必要旅行，而U.S.（USA）和French大使馆则力劝大众反对住房区外的non-essentialmovement，由此可见只有德国没被提及。【录音原文】BritainandCanadaadvisedtheircitizenstodefernon-essentialtraveltoSaudiArabia,whileU.S.andFrenchembassiesurgedtheircommunitiesagainstnon-essentialmovementoutsidehousingareasaftersuspectedAIQaedamilitantsonSundaydroveacarriggedwithbombsintoaresidentialcomplex,killingupto30people.[单选题]3.Accordingtothespeaker,whichofthefollowingcondivolstheWorldWideWeb?A.TheEuropeanUnion.B.China.C.TheUnitedStates.D.TheUnitedNations.参考答案：C参考解析：语义的理解和判断。录音中第一句便指出“…wanttheUnitedStatestoreleaseatleastsomecontrolovertheWorldWideWeb”（……希望美国放松对WorldWideweb的控制），由此可知，theWorldWideWeb（万维网）是被美国所掌控的。因此选C。【录音原文】TheEuropeanUnion,China,Brazil,andIndiaandothercountrieswanttheUnitedStatestoreleaseatleastsomecontrolovertheWorldWideWeb.TheybelievethattheInternetisaninternationalresourcethatshouldbesupervisedbytheUnitedNationsorsomeotherindependentorganization.TheBushAdministrationdisagrees.ItsaysthatICANNisthebestwaytoguaranteeanopen,secureanddependableonlineenvironment.Heavygovernmentalcontrols,itsays,wouldsuppressInternetgrowthanddevelopment.[单选题]4.WhatchallengingtaskdoestheCanadiangovernmentfacenow?A.Tostarttalkswithlocalofficialonreducingemissions.B.Toreduceemissionsby6%intwoyearsinordertomeettheKyototarget.C.Toreduceemissionsby20%ofitscurrentlevelin2012.D.ToratifytheKyotoProtocol,whichrequiresemissionsreductionof6%below1990levels.参考答案：C参考解析：录音中首先提到两年多时间，联邦能源和环境部长一直在与省级相关官员就如何减少排放进行探讨，由于未采取一致行动，加拿大现在面临着在2012年之前减少20%排放量的严峻挑战。因此选项C正确。【录音原文】Formorethantwoyears,thefederalenergyandenvironmentministershavebeentalkingwithprovincialcounterpartsabouthowtoreduceemissionstomeettheKyototargetof6%below1990levels.Sincelittleconcertedactionhasresulted,Canadanowfacesthetaskofachievinga20%reductionby2012.[单选题]5.Whichofthefollowingdocapillariesdo?A.Carrybloodtotheheart.B.Carrybloodfromtheheart.C.Connectarteriesandveins.D.Removewaste.参考答案：C参考解析：该段录音主要与循环系统（circulatorysystem）相关，从录音最后提到的“capillaries…connectarteriesandveins”，可知capillaries（毛细血管）主要起到连接动脉（arteries）和静脉（veins）的作用。【录音原文】Thecirculatorysystemisanetworkthatcarriesbloodthroughthebodytoprovidenutrition,oxygen,andtoremovewaste.Itconsistsprimarilyoftheheart,whichpumpsblood,andanetworkofbloodvessels—arteries,veins,andcapillaries.Arteriescarrybloodfromtheheart.Veinscarrybloodtotheheart,andcapillaries,whichareextremelytinnyvessels,connectarteriesandveins.[单选题]6.WhichofthefollowingwayscanmakeyouanAmericancitizen?A.TobeborninAmerica.B.TosecuretherighttoworkinAmerica.C.TocontinuouslyliveinAmericafor5yearswithnocriminalrecord.D.Eitheroftheabove.参考答案：D参考解析：该段录音主要讲述如何成为美国公民，指出最简单的办法是“tobebornthere”，对应A项；接着录音中提到另一个办法“onceyouhavesecuredtherighttowork”对应B项；最后录音提到“对于在美国生活五年的人除非他们在国外生活时间过长或触犯了法律，否则可以获得合法永久居住权”，因此C也正确。故选D。falloutofthelaw指“触犯法律”。【录音原文】TheeasiestwaytobecomeanAmericancitizenistobebornthere.Butforthosewhofailtoplansofarinadvance,becominganAmericancitizenisnotsodifficult,onceyouhavesecuredtherighttowork.LawfulpermanentresidentsareeligiblefornaturalisationafterlivinginAmericaforfiveyears,unlesstheyhavespenttoomuchtimeoutofthecountryorfallenfoulofthelaw.[单选题]7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaschangeeffectedbyair-conditioning?A.Standardofcomfort.B.Immigrationtowarmerplaces.C.DevelopmentinthesouthernUnitedStates.D.Disdivibutionofelecdivicitytothewarmerlocations.参考答案：D参考解析：该段录音中指出空调设备不仅改变standardsofcomfort，并且促进了世界很多温暖地区的移民和发展，其中就包括美国南部地区，可知只有选项D的内容未提及。【录音原文】Theyhavetotallytransformedworkandplayaswellasthedistributionoftheseactivitiesingeographicalspace.Air-conditioninghasnotonlychangedstandardsofcomfort,buthasopenedmanywarmerareasoftheworld(includingthesouthernUnitedStates)toincreasedimmigrationanddevelopment.[单选题]8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinmeaningtowhatwassaid?A.ThereisagreatneedthatSIMcardsreplacethecurrentcreditcardsnow.B.Peoplecanusemobilephonestodivansfermoneynowadays.C.Soonerorlater,thebankbranchesdevelopedbybankswillbereplacedwiththecashmachines.D.Thereareotherbarriersotherthantheinfrasdivucturethatpreventstheswitchtomobilecash.参考答案：D参考解析：录音中提到在发达国家，阻碍mobilecash发展的因素之一是thecostlyinfrastructure（昂贵的基础设施），由此可见除了基础设施之外还有其他因素构成mobilecash发展的障碍。【录音原文】Ithasalreadychangedmostpeople’slives,butthereismoreworkaheadforthemobilephone.ThetrustySIMcardcanalsoactasadebitandcreditcard.Thatmeansitmayonlybeamatteroftimebeforemobilephonesareusedtodeposit,transferandwithdrawcash.Inthedevelopedworld,oneofthebarriershinderingtheswitchtomobilecashhasbeenthecostlyinfrastructuredevelopedbybanksandcredit-cardcompanies.Withcashmachinesandbankbranchesateverystreetcomerthereislesscallforanalternativepaymentsystem.[单选题]9.Accordingtothespeaker,small-moleculetherapycanbeusedto______.A.replacegenesnotfunctioningproperlyinthebodyB.increasethenumberofgenesworkingproperlyinthebodyC.modifythefunctionofsomegenesinthebodyD.replacegenesabsentinthebody参考答案：C参考解析：特定信息的找寻和判断。题干中的关键信息为small-moleculetherapy（微分子疗法）。该段录音首先指出主要有两种将基因用于治疗疾病的方法，接着便对这两种方法genetherapy（基因疗法）和small-moleculetherapy进行了详细介绍。在介绍small-moleculetherapy时，提到“Inthisapproach,asmall-molecule(thatisadrug)isgiventothepatienttomodifythefunctionofoneormoregenesinthebody”，可知微分子可用于患者身上来改善其身体中一种或更多种基因的功能。因此选项C为正确答案。【录音原文】Therearetwoprimarywaysthatgenescanbeusedtotreatdisease.Thefirstisgenetherapy,inwhichoneormoregenesareinjectedintothepatienttoreplacethosethatareabsentornotworkingproperly.Thisapproachhasbeenusedtotreatheartdiseaseandmanyformsofcancer.Thesecondwaytoexploitgenestotreatdiseaseisknownassmall-moleculetherapy.Inthisapproach,asmall-molecule(thatisadrug)isgiventothepatienttomodifythefunctionofoneormoregenesinthebody.[单选题]10.Whichofthefollowingisconsideredasasyntheticsubstancewefindinuseinourdailylife?A.Pedivoleum.B.Rubber.C.Glass.D.Plastic.参考答案：D参考解析：从录音中提到的“Plasticshavebeenthemostimportantnew,man-madematerialofthetwentiethcentury...”，可知塑料是我们日常生活中使用的人造材料。man-made与题干中synthetic（人造的，合成的）表达意思相一致。【录音原文】Syntheticfabricsanddyeshavechangedourwardrobes.Plasticshavebeenthemostimportantnew,man-madematerialofthetwentiethcenturyandhavereplacedmetals,rubber,andglassininnumerableuses.Theyhavealsoincreasedtheworld’srelianceonpetroleum,anon-renewablefossilfuel,fromwhichplasticsaresynthesized.[判断题]1.MillionsofbooksandanInternet-basedcampusnetworkareavailablefortheUniversitystaffandstudents.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A参考解析：语义的理解和判断。录音中首句指出“为支持科研和学习，该大学图书馆藏有两百万书籍”。接下来继续提到“Ahigh-speedcampusnetwork…usedbystaffandstudents”，可知有校园网供教职工和学生使用。因此，题干描述的内容与录音原文相符。【录音原文】Tosupportresearchandscholarship,theUniversityhasalibraryoftwomillionbooks.Ahigh-speedcampusnetworkconnectsthousandsofinter-workingcomputersandserversusedbystaffandstudentswitheachotherandwiththeInternet.[判断题]2.TheClintonadminisdivationthoughtthatthebanofUSaidtoPakistansuccessfullystoppedthespreadofnuclearweaponsinSouthAsia.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B参考解析：语义理解判断。关于美国禁止向巴基斯坦提供援助的所带来的后果，录音中提到美国国务院的一名发言人指出“thelawdoesnotadvancetheUSgoalofstoppingthespreadofnuclearweaponsinSouthAsia”，可知该禁令并未在美国制止南亚核武器传播的目标方面起到促进作用。题干中successfullystopped的说法与录音中提到的doesnotadvance不符，因此该题表述错误。【录音原文】TheClintonadministrationhassignaleditsoppositiontoal985lawthatbansmostUSaidtoPakistanbecauseofitsnuclearprogram.AUSStateDepartmentspokesmansaidthelawdoesnotadvancetheUSgoalofstoppingthespreadofnuclearweaponsinSouthAsia.[判断题]3.Despitesomegoodearlyreviews,WorldTradeCenter,abigpicturedealingwithhorrorsof9／11,hasbeencriticizedasitssubjectmatteristoosensitiveanddivaumatic.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A参考解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。录音首句便提到“作为第二部描述9.11恐怖事件的高投入电影，该片曾受到好评，但后来也受到批评”。接着便指出“That’snotexactlyunexpectedforafilmwithsubjectmattersosensitiveandtraumatic”，根据语义内在逻辑关系分析可知，该句应是该电影受批评的原因，即电影主题太过敏感，令人痛苦并且难忘。因此，题干表述正确。【录音原文】Thenewpicture,thesecondbigbudgetfilmtodealwiththehorrorsof9/11,hashadsomegoodearlyreviewsbutthere’salsobeencriticism.That’snotexactlyunexpectedforafilmwithsubjectmattersosensitiveandtraumatic,andanydirectorhastobeextremelycarefulwhenitcomestomakingreality-basedfilms.[判断题]4.About40％oftheMinnesotansbelievedthatitwasnotworthwhiletohelpimmigrantswiththeirlives.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A参考解析：数字信息的找寻和判断。录音中指出据统计，明尼苏达州人by42percentto37percen，认为为帮助移民开始新生活而付出的代价超过了移民在经济、社会及其它方面所做的贡献。从by42percentto37percen可以看出42%的人对这一观点持肯定意见，而另外37％的人持相反意见。由此可见，题干所描述的“大概40%的人认为帮助移民开始新生活是得不偿失的”与录音原文意思相符。【录音原文】InSeptember,apollconductedbyThePioneerPressandMinnesotaPublicRadiofoundthatMinnesotans,by42percentto37percent,believedthatthecostofhelpingimmigrantsstarttheirnewlivesoutweighedtheireconomic,socialandothercontributions.[判断题]5.Afortnight’sdelayfordiveatmentisaccepdivforwomenwithsuspectedbreastcanceraccordingtothegovernment.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A参考解析：语义的理解和判断。录音第一句便指出医生警告说一些乳腺癌疑似患者正在面临unacceptabledelaysfortreatment，紧接着给出了政府的态度“Thegovernmentwantswomentowaitnolongerthantwoweekstoseeconsultants”，可知政府希望乳腺癌疑似患者在两周之内去找医生咨询。题干中的fortnight指“两周”，因此题干所描述的“政府表示乳腺癌疑似患者延迟两周去看医生是可以接受的”与录音中相关内容不符。【录音原文】Doctorsarewarningthatsomewomenwithsuspectedbreastcancerarefacingunacceptabledelaysfortreatment.Thegovernmentwantswomentowaitnolongerthantwoweekstoseeconsultants,butresearchersataLondonhospitalsayitcanbeaslongasthreemonths,andwarnthatlivescouldbeatrisk.[判断题]6.Accordingtothespeaker,evenAmericaissufferingfromeconomicdepression,theAmericaneconomywillsoonberecoveredifAmericanscansolvetheproblemofunemploymentandcondivoloilprices.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B参考解析：语义的理解和判断。录音中第一句为中心句，概括了当今美国所面临的最大问题，即economicslump（经济衰退）。接着指出虽然美国透支消费，油价，失业和impendingdepression（迫在眉睫的大萧条）被多次谈到，但美国人仍然继续花大价钱购买那些华而不实并且会对国家经济发展带来不良影响的商品。因此题干中提到的“美国正在遭受经济衰退，但只要其能解决失业问题和控制油价，美国经济将很快恢复”的说法与录音原文表达意思不符。【录音原文】TheeconomicslumpisthebiggestproblemfacingAmericanstoday.Despiteallthetalksaboutdeficitspending,oilprices,unemployment,andtheimpendingdepression,Americanscontinuetospendlargesumsofmoneyongoodswhicharefrivolousanddamagingtothecountry.[判断题]7.Despitethedramaticchangesover200years,moreandmoreAmericanshavemovedoutoftheurbanareas.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B参考解析：数字信息的找寻和判断。该段录音首先指出“大概200年前，美国约95%的人口都生活在农场”，随后提到“Bymid-20thcentury,thingshadchangeddramatically:70percentoftheAmericanpubliclivedinurbanareas.From5percentto70percent”，可知，经过200多年的发展，美国发生了巨大的变化，城市人口迅速增长，由之前的5%增长到70％。而非题干所描述的美国越来越多的人“movedoutoftheurbanareas”（从城市地区搬出）。因此该题表述有误。【录音原文】About200yearsago,about95percentofAmericanslivedonfarms.Therewereonly24urbanareas,allofwhichwereunder100,000people.Bymid-20thcentury,thingshadchangeddramatically:70percentoftheAmericanpubliclivedinurbanareas.From5percentto70percent!Therewereover6,000citiesorurbanareas.[判断题]8.ThereisspeculationthatMr.Bushwouldeventuallyrepayallthenationaldebtsinhisterm.A.正确B.错误参考答案：B参考解析：特定信息的找寻和判断。录音中指出布什就职前，联邦政府还有赢余，由于政府开销少于税收收入，因此“therewasevenspeculationthatmostofthenationaldebtmighteventuallyberepaid”，表明那时候有人甚至猜测最终mostofthenationaldebt（大部分国债）可能会被偿清。而题干却指出“有人预测布什先生最终会在任期内偿清allthenationaldebts（所有国债）”，显然与录音原文不符。【录音原文】BeforeMr.Bushcametopower,thefederalgovernmenthadasurplus.Itwasspendinglessthanitreceivedintaxesandtherewasevenspeculationthatmostofthenationaldebtmighteventuallyberepaid.[判断题]9.Usersmightshortentheircar’slifebyusingsomefueloroiladditiveswhichcauseenginesandfuelsystemssuchproblemsasdisplacementofprotectivechemicalsingasolineandengineoilandcorrosionoffuelpumpsorgastanks.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A参考解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。题干中的关键词为addictives，从而可定位到录音中的“Additivesdisplaceprotectivechemicalsingasolineandengineoil;somemaycorrodefuelpumpsorgastanks…”，可知添加剂会去除汽油和机油中的保护剂，有些添加剂甚至会腐蚀燃料泵或油箱。由此可知，该题表述正确。【录音原文】Somefueloroiladditivescanbeaproblemforenginesandfuelsystems.Additivesdisplaceprotectivechemicalsingasolineandengineoil;somemaycorrodefuelpumpsorgastanks,ormakeflexiblefuelhosesandfittingsbrittle.Insteadofenhancingenginelifeandeconomy,usersmightshortentheircar’slife.[判断题]10.MahmoudAbbas’svictorywasexpected.A.正确B.错误参考答案：A参考解析：推理判断题。录音中指出MahmoudAbbas在大选中获得胜利，与此同时提到“twoexitpollsshowedhimwinningbyalargemargin”（两项民意测试显示他将以绝对优势胜出），可推测MahmoudAbbas在大选中的胜利早前已在预料当中。因此该题表述正确。【录音原文】MahmoudAbbas,whoopposescontinuingviolenceagainstIsrael,declaredvictorytonightintheelectionforanewpresidentofthePalestinianAuthorityaftertwoexitpollsshowedhimwinningbyalargemargin.[问答题]1.Listentothefollowingpassage.WriteinEnglishashortsummaryofaround150—200wordsofwhatyouhaveheard.Youwillhearthepassageonlyonceandthenyouwillhave25minutestofinishyoursummary.Thispartofthetestcarries20points.Youmayneedtoscribbleafewnotestowriteyoursummary.参考答案：【文章梗概】本文对家庭主妇的劳动发表看法。尽管家务劳作已不是那么劳累，但还是有相当多的妇女不愿当家庭主妇，因为这种劳动既没有收入，又没有晋升的可能。将家庭劳动当作一种职业来做还影响了家庭主妇的心理健康，引发家庭矛盾。但是文章认为当家庭主妇并非没有益处，操持家务的主妇们是自己的老板，可以自由支配时间，不必为生计问题而奔波，可尽情享受生活乐趣，这是许多职业妇女所没有的。【参考答案】综述内容应包括5个主要点信息和10个次要点信息中的5个。下划线部分为主要点，斜体部分为次要点。Untilyesterdayand[formostwomeneventoday,everywifebecomesahousewife.Andthisisnotalwaysacongenialrole.]Statisticsshowthatagenerationagoonlyaboutathirdofthegirlsamonghighschoolgraduatesdisplayedinterestinthedomesticarts,andevenfewer—lessthanafifth—amongcollegewomen.Thefigureswoulddoubtlessbelesstoday.Afairlylargenumberofwomenaredrawnintohouseworkasanoccupationbymarriage,inspiteofanabsenceofpositiveinterest.Comingtotermswithdomesticityisnottheleastofthehousewife’strauma,howevermuchthesheerdrudgeryofhouseworkhasbeenalleviated.Housekeepingremainsanuncongenialoccupationtomanywomen.IrememberwhatPhilipSlateroncesaid.“Thehousewifeisanobody.”Herworkismeniallabor.[Andtheunpaidnatureofherjobisevenmorestatus-degrading.]Fewdenytheeconomicaswellasthesociologicalimportanceofhousework.Houseworkispartofthegreatinfrastructureonwhich,asDavidRiesmanhasremindedus,theentiresuperstructureoftheeconomyandthegovernmentrests.Ifwomendidnotsupplytheservicesoftakingcareofthelivingarrangementsofworkers,industrywouldhavetodoso,asinthecaseoflumbercamps,ships,andthemilitary.Buthousewivesarenotinthelaborforce.Theyarenotpaidfortheservicesthattheyperform.[Houseworkisadead-endjob;thereisnochanceofpromotion.]Onecannotgrowinit.Notonlydoesthewifenotgrowbutthenon-specializedanddetailednatureofhouseworkmayactuallyhaveadeterioratingeffectonhermind.Sinceherhusband’sworkishighlycompetitiveandthusmoreprestigious,thewifeisoftenlefttofeelinadequate.Thedifferenceintheworkofwivesandhusbandshasotheralienatingeffectsontherelationshipalso.Theydonotsharethesamekindsofproblems.[Aslifeisnoworganizedinsmall,privatelivingunits,houseworkisisolating.Isolationhasnegativepsychologicaleffectsonpeople.]Itencouragesbrooding;itleadstoerraticjudgments,anditrendersonemoresusceptibletopsychoses.Italsoheightensone’ssenseofpowerlessness.Anything,therefore,thatincreasesisolationconstitutesahazard.Ontheotherhand,whileitistruethatnotallgirlsmaydisplayapositiveinterestinhousework,orinbringingupchildren,itisalsotruethatnotmanymendisplaysimilarinterestsbeforemarriage.[Itisarguedthat,inmostWesternsocietiesatleast,housekeepingisnolongermenialdrudgeryoraformofunpaidlabourforwhoeverdoesthework.]Mosthomesarerelativelyeasytomaintainandtorun.Ifthewomanchoosestoworkmoreathome,orentirelyinthehome,assomechoosetodo,orasisthecustominsomesocieties,thenhershareofthebargainisreasonable.Sheisthebossinherownfourwalls.Shehasnoonetotellherwhattodo.Shehasnoanxietiesoverreachingahigherrankandahighersalaryandnofearofunemployment.Acomfortablehomeismuchlessacul-de-sacthanatunnelinamineoraremorselessassemblyline.Howcansheexperienceanyreductioninstatusifherworkisneededandisappreciatedbyherhusbandandchildren?Andifthewifearguesthatherworkathomeisuninteresting,sheshouldnotforgetthatfewworkers,maleorfemale,outsidethehomefindeveryaspectoftheirworktotheirtaste.Asforthecomplaintthatthedomesticworkinone’sownhomeisunpaidlabour,itcouldbearguedthatwhoeverworksinthehomeonafull-timebasis,thehusbandorthewife,doesnotnormallyhavetoearnthemoneytobuyfood,orclothes,andpaytherent.Theenjoymentofthechildren,themarriagerelationship,thewidernetworkoffamilyandfriends,andtherespectgivenbysocietythroughintangiblerewards,areofgreatervaluethancash.Thepersonwhorunsthehomeisthemasteroftheimmediateenvironment,andisfreetoplanthedailyroutinetoallowfortimeoff,orforreading,orculturalandsocialactivities,muchmoresothantheworkerinafactoryoroffice.Thus,anyhousewifewhoiseasilyaffectedbyasenseofinjusticeaboutthetraditionaloccupationofwife,home-builderandmother,mightwellaskherselfwhethersheismoreimprisonedinherrolethantheworkingwomanisimprisonedinhers,whichistoprovidefood,shelterandfinancialsecurityandalsocontributetorunningthehomeandbringingupchildrenafterahardday’swork.参考解析：一、主干内容表达部分：这部分内容为文章的主干内容，是综述的主要点信息。1.Formostwomeneventoday,everywifebecomesahousewife.Andthisisnotalwaysacongenialrole.[分析]这部分是文章开篇内容，点明本文讨论的主题，确定文章发展的基调，因此是全文框架性内容。2.Andtheunpaidnatureofherjobisevenmorestatus-degrading.[分析]该句说明人们普遍观念中操持家务的实质，为全文观点的提出树立了靶子，确定了文章展开的重点方向，因此是全文框架性内容。3.Houseworkisadead-endjob;thereisnochanceofpromotion.[分析]本句位于段首，是全段中心句，概括了本段主要内容，并且说明普遍观念对操持家务的认识，为全文观点的提出树立了靶子，确定了文章展开的重点方向，因此是全文框架性内容。4.Aslifeisnoworganizedinsmall,privatelivingunits,houseworkisisolating.Isolationhasnegativepsychologicaleffectsonpeople.[分析]该句说明操持家务给家庭主妇带来的严重负面影响，为全文的立论指明了重点方向，因此是全文框架性内容。5.Itisarguedthat,inmostWesternsocietiesatleast,housekeepingisnolongermenialdrudgeryoraformofunpaidlabourforwhoeverdoesthework.[分析]根据文章结构及该句位于文章中部的特点和该句句式“Itisarguedthat…”可判断该句为全文的立论，下面讲话者将详细论述操持家务带来的好处。因此本句是全文框架性内容。二、支持性细节表达部分这部分内容为主要点的重要支持性细节，是综述的次要点信息。1.Comingtotermswithdomesticityisnottheleastofthehousewife’strauma,howevermuchthesheerdrudgeryofhouseworkhasbeenalleviated.Housekeepingremainsanuncongenialoccupationtomanywomen.[分析]本句是全文主要内容之一，即大多数妇女不愿当家庭主妇的具体化，深化了主要内容，因此是重要的支持性细节。2.Houseworkispartofthegreatinfrastructure.Buthousewivesarenotinthelaborforce.Theyrenotpaidfortheservicesthattheyperform.[分析]本句将家庭劳动的本质具体化，且总结了本段主要内容，概括适度，因此是重要的支持性细节。3.Sinceherhusband’sworkishighlycompetitiveandthusmoreprestigious,thewifeisoftenlefttofeelinadequate.[分析]本句位于段尾，是对该段中心句亦全文主要内容之一的总结，具体重申了中心句含义，因此是重要的支持性细节。4.Thedifferenceintheworkofwivesandhusbandshasotheralienatingeffectsontherelationshipalso.[分析]本句具体解释了家庭劳作对夫妇关系的负面影响，因此是重要的支持性细节。5.Italsoheightensone’ssenseofpowerlessness.Anything,therefore,thatincreasesisolationconstitutesahazard.[分析]本句位于段尾，是对该段中心句亦全文主要内容之一的总结，重申了中心句含义，因此是重要的支持性细节。6.Sheisthebossinherownfourwalls.[分析]本句概括全段主要内容，论证了全文观点，因此是重要的支持性细节。7.Whoeverworksinthehomeonafull-timebasis,thehusbandorthewife,doesnotnormallyhavetoearnthemoneytobuyfood,orclothes,andpaytherent.[分析]本句概括全段主要内容，论证了全文观点，因此是重要的支持性细节。8.Theenjoyment…areofgreatervaluethancash.[分析]本句概括全段主要内容，论证了全文观点，因此是重要的支持性细节。9.Thepersonwhorunsthehomeisthemasteroftheimmediateenvironment,andisfreetoplanthedailyroutine.[分析]本句概括全段主要内容，论证了全文观点，因此是重要的支持性细节。10.Home-builderandmother,mightwellaskherselfwhethersheismoreimprisonedinherrolethantheworkingwomanisimprisonedinhers.[分析]本句概括全段主要内容，论证了全文观点，因此是重要的支持性细节。【录音原文】Untilyesterdayandformostwomeneventoday,everywifebecomesahousewife.Andthisisnotalwaysacongenialrole.Statisticsshowthatagenerationagoonlyaboutathirdofthegirlsamonghighschoolgraduatesdisplayedinterestinthedomesticarts,andevenfewer—lessthanafifth—amongcollegewomen.Thefigureswoulddoubtlessbelesstoday.Afairlylargenumberofwomenaredrawnintohouseworkasanoccupationbymarriage,inspiteofanabsenceofpositiveinterest.Comingtotermswithdomesticityisnottheleastofthehousewife’strauma,howevermuchthesheerdrudgeryofhouseworkhasbeenalleviated.Housekeepingremainsanuncongenialoccupationtomanywomen.IrememberwhatPhilipSlateroncesaid“Thehousewifeisnobody”.Herworkismeniallabor.Andtheunpaidnatureofherjobisevenmorestatus-degrading.Fewdenytheeconomicaswellasthesociologicalimportanceofhousework.Houseworkispartofthegreatinfrastructureonwhich,asDavidRiesmanhasremindedus,theentiresuperstructureoftheeconomyandthegovermnentrests.Ifwomendidnotsupplytheservicesoftakingcareofthelivingarrangementsofworkers,industrywouldhavetodoso,asinthecaseoflumbercamps,ships,andthemilitary.Buthousewivesarenotinthelaborforce.Theyarenotpaidfortheservicesthattheyperform.Houseworkisadead-endjob;thereisnochanceofpromotion.Onecannotgrowinit.Notonlydoesthewifenotgrowbutthenon-specializedanddetailednatureofhouseworkmayactuallyhaveadeterioratingeffectonhermind.Sinceherhusband’sworkishighlycompetitiveandthusmoreprestigious,thewifeisoftenlefttofeelinadequate.Thedifferenceintheworkofwivesandhusbandshasotheralienatingeffectsontherelationshipalso.Theydonotsharethesamekindsofproblems.Aslifeisnoworganizedinsmall,privatelivingunits,houseworkisisolating.Isolationhasnegativepsychologicaleffectsonpeople.Itencouragesbrooding;itleadstoerraticjudgments,anditrendersonemoresusceptibletopsychoses.Italsoheightensone’ssenseofpowerlessness.Anything,therefore,thatincreasesisolationconstitutesahazard.Ontheotherhand,whileitistruethatnotallgirlsmaydisplayapositiveinterestinhousework,orinbringingupchildren,itisalsotruethatnotmanymendisplaysimilarinterestsbeforemarriage.Itisarguedthat,inmostWesternsocietiesatleast,housekeepingisnolongermenialdrudgeryoraformofunpaidlabourforwhoeverdoesthework.Mosthomesarerelativelyeasytomaintainandtorun.Ifthewomanchoosestoworkmoreathome,orentirelyinthehome,assomechoosetodo,orasisthecustominsomesocieties,thenhershareofthebargainisreasonable.Sheisthebossinherownfourwalls.Shehasnoonetotellherwhattodo.Shehasnoanxietiesoverreachingahigherrankandahighersalaryandnofearofunemployment.Acomfortablehomeismuchlessacul-de-sacthanatunnelinamineoraremorselessassemblyline.Howcansheexperienceanyreductioninstatusifherworkisneededandisappreciatedbyherhusbandandchildren?Andifthewifearguesthatherworkathomeisuninteresting,sheshouldnotforgetthatfewworkers,maleorfemale,outsidethehomefindeveryaspectoftheirworktotheirtaste.Asforthecomplaintthatthedomesticworkinone’sownhomeisunpaidlabour,itcouldbearguedthatwhoeverworksinthehomeonafull-timebasis,thehusbandorthewife,doesnotnormallyhavetoearnthemoneytobuyfood,orclothes,andpaytherent.Theenjoymentofthechildren,themarriagerelationship,thewidernetworkoffamilyandfriends,andtherespectgivenbysocietythroughintangiblerewards,areofgreatervaluethancash.Thepersonwhorunsthehomeisthemasteroftheimmediateenvironment,andisfreetoplanthedailyroutinetoallowfortimeoff,orforreading,orculturalandsocialactivities,muchmoresothantheworkerinafactoryoroffice.Thus,anyhousewifewhoiseasilyaffectedbyasenseofinjusticeaboutthetraditionaloccupationofwife,home-builderandmother,mightwellaskherselfwhethersheismoreimprisonedinherrolethantheworkingwomanisimprisonedinhers,whichistoprovidefood,shelterandfinancialsecurityandalsocontributetorunningthehomeandbringingupchildrenafterahardday’swork.共享题干题PassageOne[单选题]1.Thispassageisabout______.A.globalizationofdivadeandcapitalB.illegalimmigrationtotheindusdivializedcoundiviesC.tighteningcondivolofimmigrationinthefightagainstterrorD.internationalimmigrationinthecontextofglobalisation参考答案：D参考解析：该段录音指出国际移民（internationalmigration）迅速成为令人关切的政治问题，虽然9.11事件过后很多国家的移民政策变得更加严格，然而移民仍在进行，因为贸易和资本的全球化离不开全球人们的流通，因此选项D符合录音内容。[单选题]2.Howdoesthispassagedescribetheimmigrationissueinthedevelopedcoundivies?A.Onlypoliticalleadersareconcerned.B.TheUnitedStateshasbannedallstudentsfromM