Unit1+Wish+you+were+here+Grammar+and+Usage课件【高效备课精研+知识精讲提升】 牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册

新牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修三Unit1Wishyouwerehere

GrammarandUsageExploringtherulesComparethetwosentences.1)InthetenprovincesandthreeterritorieswhichmakeupCanada,thereisagreatdiversityingeography.2)TotheeastofthePacificcoastrisethegrandRockyMountains,whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleyscarvedbyiceandwater.arestrictiverelativeclauseanon-restrictiverelativeclauseLead-inReadthearticleonpage6andanswerthefollowingquestion.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftourism?AExploringtherulesReadandcompletethetable.AdvantagesTourismallows________________________________,thusgiving________________________,andbringing_______________________________________.DisadvantagesTouristdestinationsmaybeatrisk___________and__________,withwildlifehabitats__________andthelocalculturereceiving__________________.serviceindustriestogrowconsistentlyjobstothelocalpopulationmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunityculturallysufferinginsufficientrespectphysically(不足的；不充分的)Findthesentenceswithnon-restrictiverelativeclausesinthearticleandfillintheboxofpartAonpage6.Theseindustries,inturn,givejobstothelocalpopulation,whose

welfaredependsontourism.AExploringtherulesTheseindustries,inturn,givejobstothelocalpopulation,whosewelfaredependsontourism.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Morenature-centredtouristattractions,wheremanandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpactedorevendestroyedbythefloodoftourists.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.Localfestivalsandcustoms,whichmayhavedeepmeaninginaparticularculture,cansimplybecomeentertainmentfortourists.AExploringtherulesWorkingouttherulesRule1:

Weoftenuseanon-restrictiverelativeclausetoadd_______informationto

theantecedent(anoun,pronounornounphrase)inthemainclauseorthemainclause.A_________isusuallyusedtoseparatetheaddingclauseandthemainclause.extracommaWorkingouttherules1)InthetenprovincesandthreeterritorieswhichmakeupCanada,thereisagreatdiversityingeography.2)TotheeastofthePacificcoastrisethegrandRockyMountains,whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleyscarvedbyiceandwater.非限与主句用逗号隔开，补充说明先行词或主句有逗号，补充说明无逗号，限定Rule2:

Weusuallyintroduceanon-restrictiverelativeclausewitharelativepronounlikewho,whom,whichandwhoseorarelativeadverblikewhenandwhere.Therelativepronounandadverb________(can/cannot)beleftoutinanon-restrictiverelativeclause.Workingouttherules1)Thesetrees，whichIplantedthreeyearsago，werecutbygovernment.2)ThetreesIplantedthreeyearsagowerecutbygovernment.cannot非限制性定语从句中不用that不用why,关系词不可省略Rule3:Wecanuse_________(which/who/where)inanon-restrictiverelativeclausetorefertothemainclauseasawhole.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.whichWorkingouttherules非限制性定语从句中，可用which指代整个或部分主句(1)Manyyoungpeople,manyof_______werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.(2)Ihavebeentomanycities,allof_______haveleftadeepimpressiononme.whomRule4:Inanon-restrictiverelativeclause,wecanput“none/some/many/most/allof”beforerelativepronoun“______”or“_______”toindicateapartofthewhole.Workingouttheruleswhichwhomwhich非限中，whom/which前可加none/some/many/most/allof等修饰词表示部分Rule5:

Wecanuse______inanon-restrictiverelativeclausetorefertothemainclauseasawholeandthenon-restrictiverelativeclausecanbeplacedbefore,amongorafterthemainclause.

Asisknowntoall,theMoontravelsaroundtheEarth.2)Heislateagain,asisoftenthecase.3)Thesalesfigure,ashasbeenmentionedabove,hasbeeninadeclinesincelastyear.asWorkingouttherulesas可修饰整个先行主句,可置于句子任意位置,常译为“正如，这”限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句作用修饰限定（只可修饰先行词）补充说明（可修饰先行词或主句）形式无逗号与主句隔开有逗号与主句隔开意义去掉后，句意不完整去掉后，句意仍完整关系词作宾语时可省略作宾语时不可省略可用that不能用that可用why用forwhich代替why译法先译定语从句，后译先行词，常译为“...的”可译为并列句Beijing,______isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.ThisisNewYork,______Ihavevisitedforseveraltimes.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,______greatlyupsetsme.Hewaslateagain,______madetheteacherveryunhappy.which引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词可以是主句中的某个单词或短语，也可以是整个句子；which在从句中可作主语、宾语等，不可省略。whichwhichwhichwhichAsisknowntotheUnitedStates,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.Asweallknow,theearthisround.Taiwanis,asyouknow,aninseparablepartofChina.Thebookisveryinteresting,asmostreaderssay.as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是整个主句或主句的一部分。as引导的从句可以置于主句前、主句中或主句后。as是关系词中唯一可以置于句首的关系词。

as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别关系代词意义从句位置as正如，就像可位于句首、句中或句末which这一点，这/那一般位于主句之后1.常见搭配asisknowntoall/asweallknow

众所周知asisoftenthecase

情况常常如此asissaidabove

如上所述asisreported

正如报道的那样asweexpected

正如我们预料的那样ashasbeenpointedout

正如已经指出的那样ashasbeensaidbefore

正如之前所说的那样as表示“正如，正像”，而which无此意。此时，as从句中

常有know，expect，happen，pointout，plan，suggest

等单词或短语。

as引导非限制性定语从句时常用情况2.固定句型thesame…..as;such….as;so…as…;as…as…

eg.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.

这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(定语从句,as作宾语)ThisissuchaneasyquestionasIcananswer.

这是一个我能回答的简单问题。(定语从句,as作宾语)*当先行词由thesame修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同。

SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.

Sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.as引导限制性定语从句时常用情况在非限制性定语从句中,whom、which前面可以加some/several/afew/many/more/mostof等修饰词，表示整体中的部分或所有。Manypeople,someof__________arenotoverweight,aregoingonadiet.Ihavebeentomanybigcities,allof________haveleftadeepimpressiononme.Ihaveinvitedmorethanonehundredfriendstotheparty,_______________(他们中的大部分)arefromabroad.Iearnonly1,000dollarsamonth,_____________(其中一半)isspentonmycar.whomwhichmostofwhomhalfofwhich关系代词前介词的确定(1).依据定语从句中动词的某种习惯搭配来确定。Iboughtagreatmanybooks,

IspentallmymoneythatIsaved.(2).依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来进行。Inourclassthereare46students,____________halfwearglasses.(3).根据所表达的意思来确定。Thecolorlessgas

wecannotliveiscalledoxygen.介词+关系代词也可引导非限制性定语从句，但在这种定语从句中，介词通常前置，关系代词也不可省略。(指物：which;指人：whom)onwhichwithoutwhichofwhom①TheGreatWall,whichiscalledinChinese"TheTen-Thousand-liGreatWall",isveryfamousintheworld.长城，汉语称为“万里长城”，在世界上非常出名。②Thisismyvideophone,whichwasboughtyesterday.这是我的可视电话，是昨天买的。当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词、指示代词修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。Thesun,whichrisesintheeast,givesuslightandheat.太阳从东方升起，给我们带来光和热。Wecouldnotgivethereason,forwhichsomanypeoplewerewillingtotakeoutaloan.我们无法解释，为什么这么多人愿意贷款。非限制性定语从句表原因时，不用why引导，而用forwhich代替why。先行词是独一无二的事物时，一般用非限制性定语从句说明。ApplyingtherulesRewritethefollowingsentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.P7B1

MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people,someofwhomhadneverbeenabroadbefore.MyfavouriteplacetovisitisalittlevillagenearShanghai,wheremygrandmawasborn.DrLuo,whoisanexpertinChinesehistory,willgiveusatourofBeijing.I’mreadingaguidebooktoRome,whichisreallyfascinatingandhelpful.I’drathervisitEuropeinsummer,whentheweatherisatitsbest.ApplyingtherulesApplyingtherulesB2Belowisanarticleabouthowtobeasustainabletourist.Completethearticlewiththecorrectnon-restrictiverelativeclausesintheboxbelow.ThereisoneclauseyoudoNOTneedtouse.Writethelettersintheblanks.

ApplyingtherulesSustainabletourism,(1)_____________________________,isnotjustaboutseeingthesights－itisalsoaboutconnectingwithpeopleandtheircultures,makingapositiveimpactontheplaceswevisitandenhancingopportunitiesforthefuture.So,howcanwebesustainabletourists?cwhichisbecomingincreasinglypopularnowadaysApplyingtherulesItisimportanttotravelinanenvironmentallyfriendlymanner.Gettingtoatouristdestinationbyairplane,(2)________________________________________,hasahugeimpactontheglobalenvironment.Whileavoidingflyingisnotalwayspractical,wecanhelpimprovetheenvironmentbytravellingonlocalpublictransportorevenonfootwheneverpossible.awhichgreatlyincreasesourcarbonfootprintApplyingtherulesWhenatthehotel,wecanreduceourimpactbycuttingbackonwaterconsumptionandnothavingourbeddingandtowelswashedeveryday.Wealsoneedtoprotectthelocalculture.Whenvisitingtemplesorchurches,(3)________________________________________,weshoulddressappropriately.d

whereastrictdresscodemayberequiredApplyingtherulesWhiletravelling,weshouldrespecttherighttoprivacy.Wemustaskforpermissionbeforetakingpicturesofthelocalpeople,(4)________________________________________.Insummary,beingasustainabletouristcomesdowntorespect－fornature,cutltureandpeople.bwhoarehumanbeingsandnotondisplayInpairs,discussmorewaystobeasustainabletourist,usingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.B3ExampleWhenyoutravel,neverbuywildlifeproducts,whicharemadefromanimalskinsorotheranimalparts.ApplyingtherulesWhenyoutravel,you’dbetterbuysouvenirsfromthelocalpeople,

maymakealivingbysellinghandmadeitems.Whenyoutravel,saynotoplasticproducts,

reducesyourcarbonfootprint.Whenyoutravel,helpthelocalchildrenintherightwayinsomedevelopingcountries,

yourkindgivingoftenhasunintendedconsequences.WaystobeasustainabletouristwhowhichwhereApplyingtherules1.Mymother,_____youmetlastyear,keepstellingmenottotakethembecausetheyaredangerous.whom2.It’sthesameinChinamanypeople,someof________areno