嵌入式导论课件1PervasiveEmbeddedSystems

Introductionto

EmbeddedSystems

LIAOYong(Alan)Chapter1PervasiveEmbeddedSystems

1OverviewWhatareEmbeddedSystems(ES)?EmbeddedSystemsReal-TimeSystems(RTS)EmbeddedReal-TimeSystems(ERTS)WhatareERTSspecialin?Whatarewegoingtolearn?Howtolearn?Whatcapabilityshallwehave?……2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsAnydevicethatincludesacomputerConsumerelectronicsCellphoneDigitalcameraGameconsoleWristwatchControl&SignalprocessingAutomobileMarsroverManufacturingAirtrafficcontrol>95%ofallmicroprocessorsareusedforEmbeddedSystems.2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsEmbeddedcomputer2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsBrakeSystem(Anti-lockBrakingSystem)Real-time(ABS)&Safety!2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsAutomotiveSystemsAcarmayhave100microprocessors4-bitmicrocontrollerchecksseatbeltmicrocontrollersrundashboarddevices16/32-bitmicroprocessorcontrolsengineEntertainment:DVD,audio,satelliteradio,Navigation…2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsSimplecontrolFrontpanelofmicrowaveovenCanonEOS3hasthreemicroprocessors32-bitRISCCPUrunsautofocus2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsWirelessSensorNetworks(WSN)(sensors+microcontroller+radio)Allfeasibleatverysmallscalee.g.,UCBerkeleySmartDust/~pister/SmartDust/

networksCornercube三面直角棱镜Retroreflector回射器Interrogating询问Beamsteering光束控制Photodetector光电探测器2WhatareEmbeddedSystems2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsMICA2Mote2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsApplicationofWSN2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsApplicationofWSNBridgeMonitoringCase0int*a;……*a=12;SegmentationviolationMemoryfaultGeneralprotectionexceptionIt’sdifficultytocapturesucherror!Case0intb;int*a=&b;*a=12;2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsAvionics2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsAvionics2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsAvionics2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsMarsrover2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsPervasiveComputing(UbiquitousComputing)

Pervasivecomputingisthetrendtowardsincreasinglyubiquitous,connectedcomputingdevicesintheenvironment,atrendbeingbroughtaboutbyaconvergenceofadvancedelectronic(particularlywireless)technologiesandtheInternet.……2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsConceptCrosssubject(EE,Automation,Communication,Computer……)2WhatareEmbeddedSystemsCase1&Case23WhatareRTSExamplesAvionic(flightcontrol,weaponcontrol,missilelaunching……)MarsroverManufacturingNucleusreactorcontrolWhatisRTS?“AnysystemwhereatimelyresponsebythecomputertoexternaleventisvitalisaReal-TimeSystem”.······JustfunctionallyworkingisNOTenough!3WhatareRTSClassificationofRTS?TherelationshipbetweenEmbeddedSystems&RTSES:EmbeddedSystemsRTS:Real-TimeSystemsERTS:EmbeddedReal-TimeSystems4WhatareERTSspecialin?ApplicationspecificSpecializeandoptimize

thedesignforspecificapplicationHavetoworryaboutbothhardwareandsoftwareJustfunctionallyworkingisNOTenough!Havetoworryaboutnon-functionalconstraintsReal-timeMemoryPowerCostReliability(Security,Safety……)ClassificationofERTS4WhatareERTSspecialin?DoesERTSneedsOS?SoftwarearchitectureofERTS(P10)PollingloopForeground/Background(Interruption)Multi-task4WhatareERTSspecialin?PopularERTOS?VxWorks,INTEGRITY(MULTI),TinyOS,Nuclear,WindowsCE(mobile),uC/OS,DeltaOS,pSOS+,VRTX,QNX,RTEMS,Cisco-IOS,NOKIA／ERISON-EPOC,Sybian,Android,IOS……Linux

RTLinux,RTAI,Linux-SRT,www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~dmi1000/linux-srtEmbdix,ETLinux,sa.it/etlinuxuCLinux,uLinux,www.sunsite.auc.dk/mulinux……4WhatareERTSspecialin?EducationPlanofESGraduationcredit:170Creditdistribution50+courses5Whatarewegoingtolearn?EducationPlanofESSemesterthemes5Whatarewegoingtolearn?EducationPlanofESSemesterthemes5Whatarewegoingtolearn?EducationPlanofESCorecourses5Whatarewegoingtolearn?Language:C,Datastructure,CompilingHardware(H/W):Computerorganization,Micro-computerinterfaceNetorks:Computernetworks,NetworksprogrammingSystem:OperatingSystem,Linux

OSprogrammingCharacteristic:ARM

architecture,Computercontrol,EmbeddedoperatingsystemPractice：EmbeddedsystemdesignI(II,III)ESdesignIESdesignIIESdesignIIIPractice……EducationPlanofESElectivecoursesLanguage(6)Othercoregeneralcourses(7)Tailor-madecourses(28.5)SpecializedelectivecoursesInterdisciplinaryelectivecoursesQualityeducationelectivecourses(<=4)InnovativeandextensiveprojectsRecommendationforSpecializedelectivecourses5Whatarewegoingtolearn?BroadyourHorizonPassthefinalexamPost-graduatestudyJobhuntingForinterest6Howtolearn?Thirstyfromtheheartinprogramming,hardware,softwaredesign,technology,market……

SuggestionsBeproficientatalanguageSpendtimeonbasictraining,notonthoseflourishesLearningmapPlanupon1-yearenterprisepracticeBuildcapabilityofcomputersystemarchitecture6Howtolearn?Embeddedsystem&Softwaretechnology&Informationengineering&……Embeddedsystem&

Computerscience&EE&……engineering&ScienceScientists

study

theworld

as

it

is,engineers

create

the

world

that

never

hasbeen.

—TheodorevonKármán6Howtolearn?Case3Capabilitytodesignandimplementembeddedsystemsforgeneralandspecialfields,butnotonlythat……Capabilityof

ComputersystemarchitectureHumanitydevelopment(all-arounddevelopment)Ifyouhavethosecapabilities,……

Nationalcompaniesandresearchinstitutes……

HUAWEI,ZTE,MTK,TP-LINK,TCL……

INTEL,SAMSUNG,Freescale,HP,HTC,LG……

BAIDU,QQ,TAOBO,GOOGLE,MS…..ICBC,……,SmallcompaniesStartyourownbusiness7Whatcapabilityshallwehave?Position(R&D,QA&QC,Sale,Pre-sale,After-sale…)Heartfeltdesireforembeddedsystemdesign?FeaturesofentrepreneursLoyalPassionPersistTrustFocusHewhoknowsothersislearned,andhewhoknowshimselfiswiseEntertogrowinwisdom;Departtoservebetterthycountryandthykind

—HarvardUniversity7Whatcapabilityshallwehave?(theLongMarch)(Shepherd)Sigmund

FREUDPre-requestCLanguageReading嵌入式实时操作系统及应用开发(第三版)，罗蕾，北京航空航天大学出版社,2008廖勇,嵌入式实时操作系统的设计与实现,电子工业出版社,2015邵贝贝等译，嵌入式实时操作系统uC/OS-II(第2版).北京:北京航天航空大学出版社,20038OthersReadingC.M.Krishna,KangG.Shin,REAL-TIMESYSTEMS,TsinghuaUniversityPress,McGraw-HillWayneWolfComputersasComponents：PrinciplesofEmbeddedComputingSystemDesignJeanJ.Labrosse.8OthersReadingIEEEReal-TimeSystemSymposium(RTSS)IEEEReal-TimeTechnologyandApplicationsSymposium(RTAS)PervasiveComputingJournalofReal-TimeSystems(0.605)IEEETRANSACTIONSON

COMPUTER(2.327)IEEETRANSACTIONSONPARALLELANDDISTRIBUTEDSYSTEMS(0.853)8OthersReadingC程序设计语言,许宝文(译),机械工业出版社CPrimerPlus(2ndEdition),云巅工作室(译),人民邮电出版社C和指针,徐波(译),人民邮电出版社C专家编程,徐波(译),人民邮电出版社C陷阱和缺陷,高巍

(译),人民邮电出版社算法导论,潘金贵(译),机械工业出版社TheAlgorithmDesignManual(2ndEdition),StevenS.Skiena8OthersReading一个操作系统的实现,于渊UNIX环境高级编程(第二版),史蒂文斯,拉戈等,人民邮电出版社程序员的自我修养,俞甲子连接器和加载器，JOHNR.LEVINEUNIX网络编程(1卷(套接字联网),2卷(进程间通信)),史蒂文斯,人民邮电出版社深入理解计算机系统,龚奕利(译),中国水利出版社ComputerArchitecture5thedition(AQuantitativeApproach),JohnL.Hennessy,DivadA.Pattersion8OthersGradingAttendance+Homework(20%)Plagiarizationisnotpermitted!Experiment(40%)Finalexam(40%)PersonalinformationTel:(028)83202896E-mail:liaoyong@8Others8OthersQuestions?100ns1μs10μs100μs1ms10ms100ms1sSpeechandAudiosystemsProcesssimulationandnetworkcontrolFlightsimulationRobotcontrollersTelemetrycontrol&scienceanalysisProcesscontrolsystemsandIndustrialAutomationMedicalDiagnosisandlabautomation

FirealarmsystemsTimeConstrainslowerfasterApplication

User

kernelHardwareProcessApplicationMemoryERTOSFileNetDisplayRequestReturnERTOS:EmbeddedReal-TimeOperatingSystemOS?SinglechipBoard+OSToolsEnvironment“Helloworld”OneAppSimpledriverComplexdriverBSPOSTransplantWholeESS/WESH/WWholeESDIYJobJOBSVoidtwiddle1(int*xp,int*yp)

{*xp+=*yp;*xp+=*yp;}

Voidtwiddle1(int*xp,int*yp)

{*xp+=2**yp;}

Case1Voidtwiddle1(int*xp,int*yp)

{