2021届昌平区阳坊中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案

2021届昌平区阳坊中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFourBestHikesintheWorldThere'snothinglikegettingoutandgettingsomefreshaironahike.NomatterwhetheryourideaofahikeisaleisurewalkorclimbingthehighestmountainonEarth,we'vegotyoucovered.Belowarefourbesthikesintheworld.TorresdelPaineWCircuitLocation（位置）:Patagonia.ChileDistance:37+milesTime:5~6daysBesttimetogo:OctobertoJanuaryTheWCircuitisoneofthemostrecommendedhikesyou'llfind.Notonlywillyouappreciatethediverselandscapesandstrikinggranitepillars（花岗岩柱子）,butyou'llprobablymeetsomenewfriendsalongtheway.GrandCanyonRim-to-RimHikeLocation:Arizona,theUnitedStatesDistance:48milesTime:1~3daysBesttimetogo:MaytoJune,SeptembertoOctoberThere'snobetterwaytoexperienceoneofthegreatestwondersintheworld.LocatedinoneoftheUSA'smostbeautifulparks,theviewsarelyappealing.Justmakesureyou'repreparedforthechallenge.TrektoPetraLocation:JordanDistance:47milesTime:5~6daysBesttimetogo:OctobertoAprilTaketheroadlesstraveledthroughtheKingdomofJordanandexperienceoneofthesevenwondersoftheworld.Hikethroughcanyons,gorgesandridges,andseetombsandtemplesalongthewayallwhileavoidingcrowdsoftourists.YosemiteGrandTraverseLocation:California,theUnitedStatesDistance:60milesTime:6~7daysBesttimetogo:JulytoSeptemberKnownforsomeofthebesthikingintheworld,YosemiteNationalParkisfamousforitsviewsandhugesequoia（红杉）trees.PraisedbyNationalGeographic,theYosemiteGrandTraversewilltakeyouthroughwaterfallsandgreenmountaintops.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttimeforthehikeinPatagonia,Chile?A.April B.May C.August D.DecemberWhereshouldyougoforalesscrowdedhike?A.Jordan B.Patagonia,ChileC.Arizona,theUnitedStates D.California,theUnitedStatesWhatcanyoudoalongtheYosemiteGrandTraverse?A.Plantsequoiatrees B.Appreciatewaterfalls C.VisitlocaltemplesD.ClimbgranitepillarsBIt’salittlebefore8a.m.whenMathiasSchergenpushesopenthesidedooratChicago’sJennerElementaryAcademyfortheArts.Hewalksdownthehalltowardtheofficetosignin.It’sthesameroutinehe’shadasJenner’sartteacherfornearlyaquartercentury.“It’sgoingtobeagoodday,”acolleaguecallsout.“It’sagoodday.”Theyhug.ItseemslikeatypicalFriday.Exceptit’snot.After23yearsatJennerElementary,Schergenisretiring.Evenonhislastday,therearestillartprojectstofinish.Schergenleavesbehindarichlegacvatthisschool.He’swongrants（拨款）forartprojects.Heturnedanemptyclassroomintoamuseum.He’spushedhisstudentstomakeartabouttheirlives.AndhewasawardedaGoldenApple—themosthonorableteachingawardinChicago.Butitwasn’talwayseasy.Foryears,Schergentaughtinoneofthecity’stoughestneighborhoods.“WhenIfirstgotmyroom,Inoticedtherewerebulletholesinthewindow.Thatmademenervous,”hesays.SohestuffedBeanieBabiesintheholestomakeit“lookkindoffunny”.“Ididn’teventellmywifeforawholeyear,”hesays.“Ididn’twanthertoknow.”Withonehourtogo,Schergenpilesthechairsandsweepsthefloor.Hecleansoutthesinkforthelasttime.Fifth-graderDeontaeBarnes,oneofhisbesthelpers,haswatchedhimsaygoodbyeallday.Hewandersinthedoorway.“Ah,comehere,son,”Schergensays,signalinghimover.Hebendsdownforahug.“Thankyouformakingtheselastdaysspecialandbeingahelptome.”WhenDeontaeleaves,areporterasksSchergen:Whenyourkidsaskwhyyou’reretiring,whatdoyoutellthem?“Ijusttellthemthatgrownpeoplehavedreamstoo,”hesays.“IhaveotherthingsinmylifeIhavetodo.It’stime.It’sjusttime.”WhyisitaspecialFridayforSchergen?A.Hewasretiringonthatday. B.Hewonanhonorforhisschool.C.Hewasinterviewedbyareporter.D.HereceivedaGoldenAppleaward.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“legacy”inParagraph2referto?A.Artprojects. B.Greatachievements.C.Respectfromstudents. D.Changeinteaching.WhatmadeSchergennervouswhenhefirstgottotheschool?A.Safetyconcernsintheschool. B.Thepoorly-equippedclassroom.C.Beingmisunderstoodbyhisfamily. D.Students’pooracademicperformance.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ATypicalDayforanArtTeacher B.TimeforArtProjectsC.ATeacher’sFinalDayatSchool D.TheLastArtClassCThemeasurablethreattotheenvironmenthasbeenworsenedbythespreadofCOVID-19thatincreasestheneedforplasticprotectiveequipment.Mostplasticismadefromfossilfuels.Millionsoftonsofgreenhousegasarereleasedfromthedevelopmentoftheseresourcesandplasticproductionandburning.Theendlifeofplasticisjustworrisome.Lessthan10%oftheplasticproducedhasbeenrecycled.Evenmoreofithasbeenburned.Butthevastmajorityofplastichasbeenburiedinland,anditisincreasinglypollutingtheenvironment.Wehearmostlyaboutoceanplasticandtheharmdonetoseacreaturesthatmistakeplasticbagsandbitsforfood.Butmicroplasticisevenmoreworrisome.Plasticdoesn'tbreakdownbiologicallybutinsteadbreaksdownintotinyparticles(averysmallpieceofsomething),whichhavebeenfoundineverycorneroftheplanet,onlandandintheair,indrinkingwaterandfoodsources.Yetthepublichasnotgiventhisglobalenvironmentaldisastertheattentionitrequires.Instead,theyhaveviewedsingle-useplastic—whichmakesupabout40%ofplasticusedeachyear—asalitterissuethatcanbesolvedthroughbetterrecyclingandwastemanagement.Thatattitudemustchangebecausetherecentglobalbreakdownofthemarketforrecyclinghasmadeitclearthatithasneverbeen,noreverwillbe,abletokeepupwithplastictrashuse.Californiahasbeentheforerunnerofplasticwastereduction—itwasthefirststatetobansingle-useplasticbagsandmaybethefirststatetotransformthewaygoodsarepackaged.Thestatealsocameclosetopassinganactwhichwouldhaverequiredthatproductssoldinplasticpackaginginthestatehaveaprovenrecyclingrateof75%by2032.California,thoughinfluential,can'tsolvethiscrisisalone.TheUShaslongbeenproducingagreatamountofplastictrashanditshouldengageinreducingtheuseofplasticaswell.Whydoestheauthormentionthereleaseofgreenhousegasinparagraph1?ToshowtheharmofplasticTowarnoftheclimatechange.Tocallforthedevelopmentoffossilfuels.Tohighlighttheimportanceofplasticequipment.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthepublicopiniononsingle-useplastic?A.Favorable. B.Tolerant.C.Curious. D.Opposed.What'sCalifornia'sroleinreducingplasticwaste?A.Apioneer. B.Afailure.C.Anobjector. D.Apredictor.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?MicroplasticProductsAreHarmfulWasteRecyclingIsanUrgentMatterPlasticWastePollutionIsaWake-upCallGlobalEnvironmentalDisastersAreIncreasingDTenyearsago,Isetouttoexamineluck.Iwantedtoknowwhysomepeoplewerealwaysintherightplaceattherighttime,whileothersconsistentlyexperiencedillfortune.Iplacedadvertisementsinnationalnewspapersaskingforpeoplewhofeltconsistentlyluckyorunlucky.Hundredsofextraordinarymenandwomenvolunteeredformyresearch.OvertheyearsIhaveinterviewedthem,monitoredtheirlivesandhadthemtakepartinvariousexperiments.Inoneoftheexperiments,Igavebothluckyandunluckypeopleanewspaper,askingthemtolookthroughitandtellmehowmanyphotographswereinside.Ihadsecretlyplacedalargemessagehalfwaythroughthenewspaper,saying,“Telltheexperimenteryouhaveseenthisandyouwillwin$50.”Thismessagetookuphalfofthepageandwaswrittenintypethatwasmorethantwoincheshigh.Itwasstaringeveryoneintheface,buttheunluckypeopletendedtomissitandtheluckypeopletendedtospotit.Unluckypeoplearegenerallymorenervousthanluckypeople,andthisanxietyaffectstheirabilitytonoticetheunexpected.Asaresult,theymissopportunitiesbecausetheyaretoofocusedonlookingforsomethingelse.Theygotogatheringsconcentratingonfindingtheirperfectpartnersandmissopportunitiestomakegoodfriends.Theylookthroughnewspapersdeterminedtofindcertaintypesofjobadvertisementsandmissothertypesofjobs.Luckypeoplearemorerelaxedandopen,andthereforeseewhatisthereratherthanjustwhattheyarelookingfor.Myresearcheventuallyshowedthatluckypeopleareskilledatnoticingopportunities,makeluckydecisionsbylisteningtotheirintuition（直觉）,areopentonewexperiences,andadoptanever-say-dieattitudethattransformsbadluckintogoodluck.What’sthepurposeoftheauthor’sresearch?Todiscoverwhatluckmeanstopeople.Tofindluckypeopleandunluckypeople.Todistinguishbetweengoodluckandbadluck.Tofigureoutwhypeoplearealwaysluckyorunlucky.Whydidtheunluckypeoplemissthemessageintheexperiment?Therewastoomuchinformationtobereadindetail.Theyweretoofocusedonlookingforphotographs.Ittooktoomuchtimetogothroughnewspapers.Thewordsweretoosmalltobenoticed.Whatleadstoluckypeople’sgoodfortune?A.Theirabilitytospotopportunities. B.Theirabilitytobecomerelaxed.C.Theirabilitytocommunicate. D.Theirabilitytomakefriends.What’sthekeymessageofthelastparagraph?Whatluckypeoplearelookingfor.Howluckypeoplegenerategoodluck.Whatluckypeoplecandowithopportunities.DHowluckypeopletransformbadluckintogoodluck.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项SurvivalintheWildPlantsandanimalshavethehardjobofsurvivinginaverywildworld.Howdotheydoit?16Camouflage（保护色）isonewayanimalsusetosurvive.Forsomeanimals,thismeansthattheirfur,scales,orskinareasimilarcolor1tothelandaroundthem.Deer,forexample,havebrownfurthatmatch^D相匹配）thetrees,soit,sharderforhunterstoseethem.Thissavesthemfrombecomingfoodtoalargeranimal.___17___Manypeoplethinkofchameleonswhentheythinkofthistypeofcamouflage,butrabbitsareagreatexampleaswell.Somerabbits’furwillchangecolor1sdependingontheseason.Theirfurmightbebrowninspring,summer,andautumntomatchthetrees,butthebrownfurwillfalloutandwhitefurwillgrowinthewintertomatchthesnow.___18___Someinsects,insteadofmatchingtheirenvironment,looklikesomethingelsethatwillstopanimalsfromeatingthem.Awalkingsticklooksjustlikeasticksothathunterswillpassitbywithoutnoticingit.Somemothsandbutterflieshavedesignsontheirwingsthatmakethemlooklikesnakesorowls,tofrightenawaytheirhunters.___19___Theywanttobeeasilynoticedtosurvive!Manyplantsgrowflowerswithcolor1fulpetals（花瓣）toattractbees.Thebeeshelppollinatetheflowerssothattheycanproducenewflowers.Insteadofhiding,someplantsandanimalsdevelopstructurestohurtanythingthattriestohurtthem.Someplantsdevelopthorns（刺）sothatanimalswillnoteatthem.20Hedgehogsevenhavespikes（尖刺），calledquillsorspines,coveringtheirbackssoanimalswon’twanttoeatthem!Therearemanywaysplantsandanimalshaveadaptedtosurviveinthewild.Doyouknowofanyotherways?Someanimalshaveextremelysharpteethsotheycanfightoffotheranimals.Someanimalscanactuallychangecolor1stomatchtheirenvironment.Asaresult,therabbithasdifferentcolor1sindifferentseasons.Therearemanywaysplantsandanimalshaveusedinordertosurvive.Thiswaytherabbitissaferfromhuntersyear-round.Forsomeplants,however,theydon’twanttomatchtheirenvironment.Butsomeplantssurviveinaquitedifferentway.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Iwasaself-employedwriter.ButIhadbeeninabad___21___sincemynewneighbormovedin.WheneverIbecame 22 towrite,Icouldhearagirlsingingnextdoor.Shedidn’tsingwellatall,even 23 -itwaslyaheadacheforme. 24 ,itbecameadailyroutineformeto 25 .HowcouldIkeepupmy 26 andgoonwriting?Oneday,itwastoonoisyandmythoughtswereentirely 27 .Ihadmyhusbandgoto 28 heraboutthematter.Minuteslater,hereturned.“Thatgirlisonly17,”he 29 withasadlook,“butshehasbonecancer.”Mymindsuddenlywent 30 .“Hermothersaidthatthemore 31 itis,thelouderherdaughtersings.Ithelpsher 32 thepain.Thepoormotherbegsourpardonforinterruptingus.”Inaflash,Ifeltguiltyaboutmythoughtless 33 .Fromthatdayon,Inolongerfeltanything 34 ,andevengotusedtohersinging-Ifeltasif 35 bythesmellofflowers.AfterwardsIwasonbusinessandhappenedtoknowthegirlhadbeen 36 intoahospital.WhenIreturnedhomeinlatesummer,I 37 feltthatsomethingwas 38 .Icouldn’thearthegirlnextdoorsinganymore.“Howeverhardthewindsblow,youwillstray（走失）nomorefrommy39...YoushallbelievethatIambraveonlywithyou...”Hersingingalways40inmymind.Ihopethevoiceiseverlastingforyou,me,andeveryone.21.A.appetiteB.conditionC.moodD.state22.A.boredB.inspiredC.safeD.afraid23.A.outofplaceB.outoffashionC.outoforder D.outoftune24.A.GraduallyB.SuddenlyC.SurprisinglyD.Particularly25.A.understandB.explainC.tolerateD.follow26.A.interestsB.headC.hopeD.spirits27.A.disturbedB.liftedC.buriedD.touched28.A.indicateB.approachC.complainD.scold29.A.criedB.yelledC.sighedD.declared30.A.coldB.silentC.calmD.blank31.A.hurtfulB.wonderfulC.effortlessD.difficult32.A.accelerateB.gatherC.easeD.cover33.A.mannersB.stepC.movementD.action34.A.personalB.wrongC.complicatedD.stubborn35.A.blownB.absorbedC.greetedD.moved36.A.admittedB.laidC.transformedD.suspended37.A.insteadB.somehowC.otherwiseD.anymore38.A.explicitB.abstractC.complexD.missing39.A.companyB.distinction C.prejudiceD.reputation40.A.develops B.rises C.flows第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式D.changesGlobalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorter.Scientistsclaimtohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworld'sfirsthorses 41. (become)smallernearly50millionyearsago.Infact，ateamfromtheuniversitiesofFloridaandNebraskasays, 42. hasfoundalinkbetweentheearthheatingupandthesizeofhorses，duringthelasttimetheworldheatedup.Thescientistsusedfossilstofollowtheevolutionofhorsesfromtheirearliest 43. (appear)56millionyearsago.Astemperatureswentup，theirsizewent 44. .Thescientistssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffect 45. mammalsandcouldevenmakehumans 46. (small)．“Horsesstartedoutsmall，aboutthesizeofasmalldog.What's 47. (surprise)isthataftertheyfirstappeared，theythenbecameevensmallerandthendramaticallyincreasedinsize，andthat48.(exact)correspondsto(符合)theglobalwarmingevent,followedbycooling.”“Ithadbeenknownthatmammals 49. (be)smallduringthelastwarmtime， 50. wehadn'trealisedthattemperaturespecificallywasdrivingtheevolutionofbodysize，”DrBlochsaidintheSciencejournal.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节短文改错(满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(回)，并在其下面写出该加词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastyearIattendedanafter-schoolprogramcallingYoungatArtswhereIlearnedfromdancing.MyfavoriteteacheratYoungatArtswasMrs.Li.Shechangedthewayshelookedatlife.BeforeImetMrs.Li,Iwouldn'tdaretotryinganythingIdidn'tthinkIwouldbesuccessfullyin.Mrs.LitalkedwithmetohelpmegetthroughhardtimesthatIwasfrustratedwithnotonlydancing,butalsolife.Sheteachmethatmyattitudecanbeimportantthanmytalent.ItwasherencouragethathelpedmeleavemycomfortzoneandachievedwhatIhadn'texpectedbefore.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneneverknowswhatoneisgoingtofindwhenonestepsoutintotheworld.Evensomethingassimpleasawalkthroughyourneighborhoodcanresultineithermildexcitementorunusualadventureifthecardsareright.Onasunnyafternoon,Mikejourneyedintotheconstructionsitenearhishome.Suddenly,heheardsomethingcomingfromaroundthesideofanearbybuilding.Itsoundedlikethewhining（悲嚎声）criesofananimal.Hecuriouslyturnedthecorner,onlytoseeasmalldogstandingonitsbacklegsandwaggingitstailpitifully.Hethennoticedthatthepoorthingseemedtobestuckatthewaistbe