上海市高考英语语法专题复习：非谓语动词综合讲义

考点五：非谓语动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。一、动词不定式(一)构成:to+动词原形例句:TolearnEnglishwellrequirespatience.Toseeistobelieve.Toreachthetopwashisgoal.(二)用法:作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等例句:Helikestoreadnovels.(宾语)Ourplanistobuildanewschool.(表语)Ihaveanessaytowrite.(定语)Weusecomputerstosavetime.(状语)二、动名词(一)构成:动词ing形式例句:Seeingisbelieving.LearningEnglishisuseful.Writingpoemsismyhobby.(二)用法:作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等例句:Ienjoyreadingnovels.(宾语)Oneofherdutiesisteachingstudents.(表语)Thegirldancingoverthereismycousin.(定语)Hebecamefatbyeatingtoomuch.(状语)三、现在分词(一)构成:动词ing形式例句:Themansittingthereismyteacher.Thebookisveryinteresting.(二)用法:作定语、表语、状语等例句:Thestudentstalkingloudlydisturbedtheclass.(定语)Hisspeechsoundsamazing.(表语)Walkinginthepark,Isawabeautifulbird.(状语)四、过去分词(一)构成:动词过去式+ed例句:Therepairedcarlooksbrandnew.Iwassoexcited.(二)用法:作定语、表语、状语等例句:Thefallenleavescoveredtheground.(定语)Thefoodwascookedperfectly.(表语)Boredwiththemovie,hefellasleep.(状语)练习一：选择合适的非谓语动词从括号内选择合适的非谓语动词填空。Theteacherencouragedus__________(study)harderfortheupcomingexams.Thecat,__________(sit)bythewindow,watchedthebirdsoutside.Shewants__________(become)adoctorandhelppeople.Theyspenttheweekend__________(hike)inthemountains.ThebookwassointerestingthatIcouldn'tstop__________(read)it.Isuggest__________(visit)themuseumduringyourtrip.Hewasexcitedabout__________(start)hisnewjob.Sheapologizedfor__________(arrive)latetothemeeting.练习二：句子改写将给定句子改写，使用适当的非谓语动词形式。Hecansolveproblemseasily.改为：Heisgoodat__________problems.ShestartedlearningSpanishtwoyearsago.改为：Shebegan__________Spanishtwoyearsago.Theylistenedtomusicwhiletheyweredoingtheirhomework.改为：Whiletheyweredoingtheirhomework,theylistened__________tomusic.Thecatsawthedogandimmediatelyranaway.改为：Seeingthedog,thecat__________immediately.Shefoundthelostkeysonthestreet.改为：Findingthelostkeysonthestreet,__________.练习三：填空完成短文根据上下文，在空格处填入适当的非谓语动词。Asapassionateenvironmentalist,Ibelievein__________(protect)ourplanet.Oneofmyfavoriteactivitiesis__________(plant)treesinthelocalcommunity.Lastweekend,Igatheredagroupofvolunteersandwespenttheday__________(dig)holesand__________(place)youngsaplingsinthem.It'sincrediblysatisfyingtoseethepositiveimpactofourefforts.Besides__________(plant)trees,Ialsoenjoy__________(organize)recyclingcampaignsand__________(educate)peopleaboutsustainableliving.By__________(work)together,wecanmakeadifferenceandcontributetoagreenerfuture.练习四：连词填空根据意思，在空格处填入适当的非谓语动词或短语。Shearrivedlate,__________(apologize)forherdelay.Theysatbythefireplace,__________(chat)abouttheirtravels.__________(Read)theinstructionscarefully,oryoumightmake