过去分词资料英语语法课件教学资料

过去分词一构成：非谓语动词的一种，规则动词的过去分词由v+ed构成，不规则动词需个别记忆。二特征：不能直接作谓语，但仍保留动词的特征，如可有宾语等。过去分词表已完成的动作，且有被动意义，无人称和数的变化。三主要功能：定语，状语，表语，宾补（1）定语：形容词从事物的性质方面来修饰n如abeautifuldeer;而过去分词从动作和状态方面来修饰n,如awoundeddeer.1.单个过去分词做定语，放在所修饰名词之前；Pollutedwaterandairareharmfultopeople’shealth.2.过去分词短语做定语，放在所修饰名词之后；TherewasonceadetectivenamedSherlockHolmes.3.过去分词短语可用逗号与所修饰名词隔开，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。Thefactory,setupbythevillagers,producetractors.(=whichwassetupbythevillagers)Hisnephew,lostatseawhenhewas15,hadbeenhisonlyrelative.(=whowaslostatseawhenhewas15)(2)表语：Thetapisbroken,canyougotothestoreandgetanotherone?(3)宾补：Hefoundallthewindowsbroken.(4)做状语：

分词或分词短语做状语，其逻辑主语就是全句的主语。分词的选择主要取决于它与主语的关系，两者间构成主动关系，用现在分词；若构成被动关系，用过去分词；e.g:_______(give)moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.________(work)inhissmallroomintheprison,hemade4pairsofshoeseveryday.GivenWorkingA.过去分词做状语，相当于一个状语从句：1.做时间或条件状语：Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.(=When/Ifweweregivenmoretime)2.做原因状语；Frightenedbythenoise,thegirldidn’tdaresleepinherroom.(=Becauseshewasfrightenedbythenoise)3.做方式或伴随状语：作为一种次要的补充说明，这种短语不能改为状语从句，但可改为并列句。Theladyturnedhome,followedbyMr.Holmes.(=andshewasfollowedby….)4.做让步状语；

wounded,thebravesolidercontinuedtofight.

(=Thoughhewaswounded)B.过去分词及其短语做状语时前可加when/while,if等词。Whenshotintheleg,hecontinuedtofireback.Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.Ifbittenbyasnake,youshouldsendforhelp.解题方法1逻辑主谓用现分；Though___money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedBlackingofClackingDlackedinC2逻辑动宾用过分；____bytheYouthLeague,shehasmadesuchprogressthistime.TobeeducatedB.EducatingC.EducatedD.BeingeducatedC3.没有逻辑用独立：如句子主语不是分词的逻辑主语，则分词前应加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。____,wewillgooutforanouting.PermittingB.WeatherpermittingC.PermitsD.BeingpermittedB4.分谓同时一般式：如果分词动作与谓语动作同时发生或接着发生，且与逻辑主语是主动关系时，常用一般形式doing.____atthetopofthehill,wecanseethepark.StandB.StoodC.StandingD.TostandC5.分前谓后完成式：如分词与主语是主动关系,该动作发生在谓语动作前，用havingdone.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.NothavingbeenreceivedC6.正在被动用beingdone;Thebuilding____inourschoolisforourteachers.Thoughthereisnoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuiltD7.完成被动用havingbeendone.____severaltimes,heknowthefactatlast.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.HavingbeentoldD练习1.Thisisoneoftheproblems___atthemeetingatpresent.discussedB.discussingC.tobediscussedD.beingdiscussed2.Theproblem___tomorrowhassomethingtodowithourdailylife.A.discussedB.discussingC.tobediscussedD.beingdiscussed3.When___up,hefelthimself__tothetree.hewoke,tieB.waking,tiedC.hewakes,tiedD.waking,tyingDCB4.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_____themostpopularsportintheworld.makingB,makesC.madeD.tomake5.____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose6.____quickly,hishomeworkwascheckedbyhisMother.FinishingB.FinishedC.HavingfinishedD.Havingbeenfinished7.___itwithmeandI’llseewhatIcando.WhenleftB.LeavingC.If