电力技术术语

ACAlternatingCurrent(AC)iselectriccurrentthatalternatesbetweenapositivemaximumvalueandanegativemaximumvalueatacharacteristicfrequency,usually50or60cyclespersecond(Hertz).交流交流是指电流在正负最大值之间以特定的频率变动，通常频率为50或60赫兹。我国工频为50Hz。ActivePowerActivepoweristherealpower(kW)suppliedbythegeneratorsettotheelectricalload.Activepowercreatesaloadonthegeneratorset'sengineandislimitedbythehorsepoweroftheengine.Activepowerdoestheworkofheating,turningmotorshafts,etc.有功功率有功功率(kW)，是指发电机组实际供应给负载的功率，它由发电机组的发动机提供，受到发动机马力大小的限制。发热和驱动马达转动靠有功功率完成。AmortisseurWindingsTheamortisseurwindingsofasynchronousACgeneratoraretheconductorsembeddedinthepolefacesoftherotor.Theyareconnectedtogetheratbothendsofthepolesbyendringsorendplates.Theirfunctionistodampenwaveformdistortionduringloadchanges.阻尼线圈同步交流发电机的阻尼线圈是指嵌绕在转子磁极间的导线，他们分别在两极用端环或端板相连接，主要功能是减弱因负载变化而引起的波形畸变。AmpacityAmpacityisthesafecurrent-carryingcapacityofanelectricalconductorinamperesasdefinedbycode载流容量载流容量是以安培数来定义导线安全载流能力。AmpereTheampereisaunitofelectriccurrentflow.Oneampereofcurrentwillflowwhenapotentialofonevoltisappliedacrossaresistanceofoneohm.安培安培是电流单位。1伏电压作用于1欧姆的电阻上就会产生1安培的电流。ApparentPowerApparentpoweristheproductofcurrentandvoltage,expressedaskVA.Itisrealpower(kW)dividedbythepowerfactor(PF)视在功率视在功率是电流和电压共同作用的产物，用kVA表示。它等于有功功率(kW)除以功率因数。ArmatureThearmatureofanACgeneratoristheassemblyofwindingsandmetalcorelaminationsinwhichtheoutputvoltageisinduced.Itisthestationarypart(stator)inarevolving-fieldgenerator.电枢交流发电机电枢的是金属芯和绕组的总成，产生感应电压。电枢是旋转磁场交流发电机的不动部分(定子)BaseLoadBaseloadisthatportionofabuildingloaddemandwhichisconstant.Itisthe"base"ofthebuildingdemandcurve.基本负荷基本负荷是指建筑负荷需求量中不变的那一部分，是构成负荷需求曲线的基数。BlackStartBlackStartreferstothestartingofapowersystemwithitsownpowersources,withouttheassistancefromexternalpowersupplies.黑启动黑启动是指依靠系统内部的电源，而不借助外部的电力进行的启动。CT(CurrentTransformer)Currenttransformersareinstrumenttransformersusedinconjunctionwithammeters,controlcircuitsandprotectiverelaying.Theyusuallyhave5amperesecondaries.电流互感器电流互感器是一种仪表变压器，通常与电流表、控制电路、保护继电器配套使用。CircuitAcircuitisapathforanelectriccurrentacrossapotential(voltage).电路电路是电流通过电势(电压)的路径CircuitBreakerAcircuitbreakerisaprotectivedevicethatautomaticallyinterruptsthecurrentflowingthroughitwhenthatcurrentexceedsacertainvalueforaspecifiedperiodoftime.SeeAirCircuitBreaker,MainBreaker,MoldedCaseCircuitBreakerandPowerCircuitBreaker断路器线路断路器是一个保护装置，当通过它的电流超过某个安全设定值一定时间后，它就能够自动切断电流。(见空气线路断路器、主开关、塑壳线路断路器等)。CirculatingHarmonicCurrentsCirculatingHarmonicCurrentsarecurrentsthatflowbecauseofdifferencesinvoltagewaveformsbetweenparalleledpowersources,orinducedbyoperationofnon-linearloads.谐波环流谐波环流是由并联电源间不同的电压波形或者非线性负荷运转而产生的电流。ContinuousLoadAcontinuousloadisaloadwherethemaximumcurrentisexpectedtocontinueforthreehoursormore(asdefinedbytheNECfordesigncalculations).持续负荷持续负荷是指使电流在3个小时或更长时间(根据NEC的定义)内需保持最大值的负荷。CurrentCurrentistheflowofelectriccharge.Itsunitofmeasureistheampere.电流电流是电荷的流动，以安培为单位。CycleAcycleisonecompletereversalofanalternatingcurrentorvoltagefromzerotoapositivemaximumtozeroagainandthenfromzerotoanegativemaximumtozeroagain.Thenumberofcyclespersecondisthefrequency.周期周期是指交流电流或电压从零到正最大值再到零，然后从零到负最大值再到零这样一个往复的过程；而频率则是指每秒可完成的周期数。DeltaConnectionDeltaconnectionreferstoathreephaseconnectioninwhichthestartofeachphaseisconnectedtotheendofthenextphase,formingthetriangle-shapedGreekletterDelta.Theloadlinesareconnectedtothecornersofthetriangle.三角形连接三角形连接是指在三相连接中，相临两相首尾相连，构成三角形的希腊字母Delta,负荷线连接在三角形的角DifferentialRelayAdifferentialrelayisaprotectivedevicethatisfedbycurrenttransformerslocatedattwodifferentseriespointsintheelectricalsystem.Thedifferentialrelaycomparesthecurrentsandpicksupwhenthereisadifferenceinthetwo,whichsignifiesafaultinthezoneofprotection.Thesedevicesaretypicallyusedtoprotectwindingsingeneratorsortransformers.差动继电器作为保护装置，差动继电器由位于系统中两个不同位置的电流互感器提供反馈信息。差动继电器对电流进行比较，如果存在不同则表示受保护区域内有故障存在。这些装置常被用于保护发电机或变压器的线圈。DigitalMasterControl(DMC)Thisdeviceisdesignedtocontrolthepowersystemsinafacility.ItisofferedasanoptiononCumminsswitchgear.数字主控制器数字主控制器是用于控制设备电力系统的装置。在康明斯开关柜中数字主控制器是选配件。DirectCurrent(DC)Directcurrentiscurrentwithnoreversalsinpolarity.直流直流是指没有正负极性往复变化的电流。DroopLoadSharingDrooploadsharingisamethodofmakingtwoormoreparallelgeneratorsetsshareasystemkWload.Thisisaccomplishedbyhavingeachgovernorcontroladjustedsothatthesetshavethesamedroop(reductionofspeed).Typicaldroopistwocyclesinfrequencyfromnoloadtofullload.转速降负荷分配转速降负荷分配是两台或多台机组负荷分配的一种方法。这通过每台并联机组调速器具备相同的转速降。从空载到满载转速降一般为两赫兹。Efficiency(EFF)Efficiencyistheratioofenergyoutputtoenergyinput,suchastheratiobetweentheelectricalenergyinputtoamotorandthemechanicalenergyoutputattheshaftofthemotor.效率效率是输出能量与输入能量的比率，例如输入到电动机的电能与电机轴承输出的机械能的之间的比率。EmergencySystemAnemergencysystemisindependentpowergenerationequipmentthatislegallyrequiredtofeedequipmentorsystemswhosefailuremaypresentalifesafetyhazardtopersonsorproperty.应急系统应急系统是指根据相关法规要求，为那些可能会危及生命安全或造成财产重大损失的设备或系统提供电源的独立发电设备。EnergyEnergyismanifestinformssuchaselectricity,heat,lightandthecapacitytodowork.Itisconvertiblefromoneformtoanother,suchasinageneratorset,whichconvertsrotatingmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.TypicalunitsofenergyarekW/h,Btu(Britishthermalunit),Hp/h,ft/lbf,jouleandcalorie.能量能量以电能、热能、光能等形式存在，可以做功，也可以从一种形式转换为另一种形式，例如发电机组能把机械能转变为电能。经常用的能量单位有：千瓦/小时、英国热量单位、马力/小时、焦耳、卡等。FaultAfaultisanyunintendedflowofcurrentoutsideitsintendedcircuitpathinanelectricalsystem.故障故障是指在电力系统中任何电流跑出正常电路以外的情况。FrequencyFrequencyisthenumberofcompletecyclesperunitoftimeofanyperiodicallyvaryingquantity,suchasalternatingvoltageorcurrent.Itisusuallyexpressedas(Hz)HertzorCPS(cyclespersecond).频率频率是指周期性变化的事物(如交流电压和电流等)在单位时间内完成的周期数，常用单位是赫兹(Hz)或周期/秒(CPS)。FrequencyAdjustPotentiometerAfrequencyadjustpotentiometerisusedtomanuallybringthefrequency(speed)oftheincomingsettothatofthebusforsynchronizingpurposes.Whenthegeneratorsetisparalleled,operationofthispotentiometerwilladjustthekWloadassumedbythegeneratorset.频率调整电位器频率调整电位器是用于手动调整输入机组的频率使之与母排同步。当机组并联后，电位器可以调整为机组输出功率值。FrequencyRegulationFrequencyregulationisameasurethatstatesthedifferencebetweenno-loadandfull-loadfrequencyasapercentageoffull-loadfrequency.频率调整率频率调整率是指空载和满载之间频率的差别与满载频率的百分比。GeneratorAgeneratorisamachinewhichconvertsrotatingmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.发电机发电机是把(旋转)机械能转化为电能的装置。GovernorAgovernorisadeviceontheenginewhichcontrolsfueltomaintainaconstantenginespeedundervariousloadconditions.Thegovernormusthaveprovisionforadjustingspeed(generatorfrequency)andspeeddroop(noloadtofullload).调速器调速器是安装在发动机上的一个装置，在不同的负载条件下通过控制燃料量来保持发动机的恒定转速。调速器必须具备转速调整(发电机频率)和降速降调整(零负荷到满负荷)功能。GridTheutility-ownedpowerdistributionsystem.电网电网是指电厂的电力输送系统。GroundAgroundisaconnection,eitherintentionaloraccidental,betweenanelectricalcircuitandtheearthorsomeconductingbodyservinginplaceoftheearth.接地接地是电路与地面或地面上的导体的连接，可以是有意的也可以是意外的。GroundFaultProtectionThisfunctiontrips(opens)acircuitbreakerorsoundsanalarmintheeventthatthereisanelectricalfaultbetweenoneormoreofthephaseconductorsandground(earth).Thisgroundfaultprotectionfunctionmaybeincorporatedintoacircuitbreaker.接地故障保护当一个或多个相导线与地之间出现电气故障时，接地故障保护通过跳脱断路器或报警来示警。这种功能可以一体化设计在断路器上Hertz(Hz)ThetermHertzisthepreferreddesignationforcyclespersecond(CPS)andisusedtodescribefrequency.赫兹赫兹是频率单位，也等于周期/秒(CPS)。HuntingHuntingisaphenomenonthatcanoccuruponloadchangesinwhichthefrequencyorthevoltagecontinuestoriseaboveandfallbelowthedesiredvaluewithoutreachingasteady-statevalue.Itiscausedbyinsufficientdamping.游车游车是一种在负载变化引起的频率、电压高于或低于期望值，无法达到稳定的现象。它是由于阻尼不足而造成的。InsulationInsulationisnon-conductivematerialusedtopreventleakageofelectriccurrentfromaconductor.Thereareseveralclassesofinsulationinuseforgeneratorconstruction,eachrecognizedforamaximumcontinuous-dutytemperature.绝缘绝缘体就是非导电材料，用来防止导体中电流的泄露。按最高持续耐热度划分，发电设备中使用的绝缘体有多种等级。LaggingPowerFactorLaggingpowerfactorinACcircuits(apowerfactoroflessthan1.0)iscausedbyinductiveloads,suchasmotorsandtransformers,whichcausethecurrenttolagbehindthevoltage.SeePowerFactor.滞后功率因数交流电路中的滞后功率因数(小于1.0)是由感应负荷引起的，例如发动机、变压器，使电流滞后于电压。(参照功率因数)LeadingPowerFactorLeadingpowerfactorinACcircuits(0.0to-1.0)iscausedbycapacitiveloadsoroverexcitedsynchronousmotorswhichcausethecurrenttoleadthevoltage.SeePowerFactor.超前功率因数交流电路中的超前功率因数(0.0to-1.0)是由电容负荷或者过励的同步电动机引起的，使电流超前于电压。(参照功率因数)Line-To-LineVoltageLine-to-linevoltageisthevoltagebetweenanytwophasesofanACgenerator.线电压线电压是指交流发电机任何两相间的电压。

Line-To-NeutralVoltage相电压Ina3-phase,4-wire,Y-connectedgenerator,line-to-neutralvoltageisthevoltagebetweenaphaseandthcommonneutralwherethethreephasesaretiedtogether.在三相四线星形连接的发电机中，相电压是指三相连接点与每相之间的电压。LoadFactorTheloadfactoristheratiooftheaverageloadtothegeneratorsetpowerrating.负荷系数负荷系数指的是机组的平均负荷与额定功率之间的比率。LoadSheddingLoadsheddingistheprocessbywhichthetotalloadonaparallelingsystemisreduced,onoverloadofthsystembus,sothatthemostcriticalloadscontinuetobeprovidedwithreliableelectricalservice.卸载在超载的系统母排上，并联系统的总负载被降低的过程称为卸载，以确保最关键负载获得可靠的电力供应。LowVoltageACsystemoperatingvoltagesfrom120to600VAC.低压交流电系统中从120到600VAC的电压称为低压。返回MainBreaker主开关Amainbreakerisacircuitbreakerattheinputoroutputofthebus,throughwhichallofthebuspowermuMainBreaker主开关flow.Thegeneratormainbreakeristhedevice,usuallymountedonthegeneratorset,thatinterruptsthegenset'spoweroutput.Mainbreakersprovideovercurrentprotectionandasingledisconnectpointforallinaswitchboardordevice.主开关是在母排输入或输出端的线路断路器，所有的电流都要从那通过。主开关通常安装在发电机组上，用断输出电流。主开关能够提供过电流保护，是配电盘或设备的电源断开点。MainsMainsisatermusedextensivelyoutsideoftheUnitedStatestodescribethenormalpowerservice(utility市电市电是美国以外的区域对常规电力服务的广泛称谓。MasterControlAcontrolsectioninatypicalparallelingsystemthatprovidestotalsystemmeteringandtheinterfacepointbetweentheparallelingsystemandthefacility.主控制主控制是典型的并联系统计量控制设备，也是并联系统与用电设施之间的接口。MediumVoltageACsystemoperatingvoltagesfrom601to15000VAC.

中压交流电系统中从601到15000VAC的电压称为中压。Modbus“专用名词”AnindustrialnetworkingsystemthatusesRS-232serialmaster-slavecommunicationsatdatatransferratupto19.2KBPS.一种工业网络，它使用RS232主从通讯模式传输数据，最快可达19.2kBPS。ModulesModulesarealsocallednodesordevices.ThesearedevicessuchasGensetCommunicationModules(GCMs),ControlCommunicationModules(CCMs),andDigitalInput/OutputModules(DIMs).模块模块也可以称作接点或组件，例如机组通讯模块(GCMs)、控制通讯模块(CCMs)以及数字输入/输出模块(DIMoldedCaseCircuitBreakerAmoldedcasecircuitbreakerautomaticallyinterruptsthecurrentflowingthroughitwhenthecurrentexcethetripratingofthebreaker.Moldedcasereferstotheuseofmoldedplasticasthemediumofelectricalinsulationforenclosingthemechanisms,andforseparatingconductingsurfacesfromoneanotherandfrogrounded(earthed)metalparts.Moldedcasecircuitbreakersusuallycontainthermal-magnetictripunits,althoughlargersizescanbeequippedwithsolidstatetripsensors.塑壳断路器塑壳断路器能够自动切断电流在电流超过跳脱设定后。塑壳指的是用塑料绝缘体来作为装置的外壳，用来隔体之间以及接地金属部分。塑壳断路器通常含有热磁跳脱单元，而大型号的塑壳断路器会配备固态跳脱传感返回NetworkAcollectionofNodesthatcommunicatewithoneanotheroveracommonmedium.网络在共同的介质上互相通讯的接点的集合就是网络。NeutralCurrentNeutralcurrentisthecurrentthatflowsintheneutrallegofaparallelingsystem.Often,thistermisusedireferencetocirculatingcurrentsorcrosscurrents.零线电流零线电流指的是通过并联系统零线的电流，在谈及环流电流或者交叉电流时常会提到这个术语。NonlinearLoadAnonlinearloadisaloadforwhichtherelationshipbetweenvoltageandcurrentisnotalinearfunction.Scommonnonlinearloadsarefluorescentlighting,SCRmotorstartersandUPSsystems.Nonlinearloadscabnormalconductorheatingandvoltagedistortion.非线性负载电压和电流之间是非线性关系的负载称为非性形负载。一些常见的非线性负载有荧光灯、可控硅电动机启动及UPS系统。非线性负载能导致反常的导体发热和电压畸变。返回

0OhmTheohmisaunitofelectricalresistance.Onevoltwillcauseacurrentofoneamperetoflowthrougharesistanceofoneohm.欧姆欧姆是电阻单位。1伏特的电压通过1欧姆的电阻能产生1安培的电流。One-LineDiagramAone-linediagramisaschematicdiagramofathree-phasepowerdistributionsystemwhichusesonelinshowallthreephases.Itisunderstoodwhenusingthiseasytoreaddrawingthatonelinerepresentsthre单线图单线图是用一条线来表示三相电力分布系统的示意。，OvercrankOvercrankisanalarmfunctionprovidedwithmostgeneratorsetsthatindicatethatthegeneratorsethastostart.盘车失败盘车失败是机组的预警功能，表示发电机组启动失败，大多数机组都有这种功能。返回pParallelingBreakerAparallelingbreakeristhecircuitbreakerthatconnectsthegeneratorsettotheemergencybus,andacrowhichalltheindividualgeneratorsynchronizingfunctionsoccur.并联开关并联开关是连接发电机组和应急母排的线路断路器，所有的单个发电机通过它完成同步运行。ParallelingControlAparallelingcontrolcontainstheelectricalequipmentprovidedinaparallelingsystemforcontrolofasing并联控制generatorset.并联控制是并联系统中用来控制单个发电机组的电气设备。PhaseAnglePhaseanglereferstotherelationbetweentwosinewaveswhichdonotpassthroughzeroatthesametimConsideringonefullcycletobe360degrees,thephaseangleexpresseshowfarapartthetwowavesarerelationtoeachotherindegrees.相角相角指的是两个不同时经过零点的正弦波之间的关系。一个完整周期为360度，相角就是用度数来表示两个距离。PhaseRotationPhaserotation(orphasesequence)describestheorder(A-B-C,R-S-T,orU-V-W)ofthephasevoltagesaoutputterminalsofathree-phasegenerator.Thegeneratorphaserotationmustmatchthefacilityphaserotation.Thismustbecheckedpriortooperationoftheelectricalloadsinafacilitywithanon-sitegenerat相序相序表示的是三相发电机输出终端相电压的顺序。在用电负载运转之前必须检查确保发电机的相序与用电设相序一致。

PortTheexternalconnectoronadeviceatwhichthenetworkcableormediumisattached.接口设备的外接口，用于连接网络线或者其它介质。PowerFactorPowerfactoristhecosineoftheanglebetweentheactivepower(kW)andapparentpower(kVA功率因数功率因数是电路中有功功率(kW)和视在功率(kVA)之间夹角的余弦值。PrimePowerPrimePowerdescribesanapplicationwherethegeneratorset(s)mustsupplypoweronacontinandforlongperiodsoftimebetweenshutdowns.Noutilityserviceispresentintypicalprimapplications.常载常载是指发电机组可长时间和连续的运行。通常在没有市电供应，发电机组作为首要电源的场合使用。PriorityControlPrioritycontrolistheprocessbywhichthetotalloadsonthebusislimitedtothemostcrsystemuntiladequategenerationcapacityisavailabletoserveallloads.优先级控制优先级控制是指当总负载电力需求大于发电机组的输出时，首先要满足最关键负载的电力需求。ProtocolAsetofrulesusedmutuallybytwoormoredevicestocommunicate.Also,knownasthe"langunetwork.协议两个或多个设施共同遵守的一些通讯规则，在网络中常称为“语言”。返回RRadioInterferenceRadiointerferencereferstotheinterferencewithradioreceptioncausedbyageneratorset.无线电干扰无线电干扰是指发电机组对无线电信号接收造成的干扰。ReactivePowerReactivepowerispowerthatflowsbackandforthbetweentheinductivewindingsofthegenerinductivewindingsofmotors,transformers,etc.,whicharepartoftheelectricalload.Thisworkintheelectricalloadnordoesitpresentloadtotheengine.Itdoesapplyloadtothethecapacityofthegenerator.无功功率无功功率是指电流在发电机、电动机、变压器等的感应线圈之间往复流动，这也构成了电力负载的一部分。没做有用功，而且也不是发动机的负载，但是作为发电机负载，限制了发电机的容量。ReversePowerAreversepowerrelayisarelaywithawattmetermovementthatsensesthedirectionofpowerRelayparalleledsets,aflowofreversepower(i.e.,powerflowintoset)willactuatethereversedisconnectthesetfromthesystem.Ifonesetstopsandreversepowerprotectionisnotprovrunningwilldrivethesetthathasstopped.Thegeneratoronthesetthathasstoppedwilla逆功率继电器逆功率继电器是指带瓦特计的继电器，用来感知电流的方向。在并联机组中，反方向电流(例如流回发电机

电流）会启动逆功率继电器，把该机组与系统断开。如果一台发电机组没有运转，并且没有逆功率继电器保运转的机组就会驱动这个机组，这台机组上的发电机则变成电动机运行。返回sSCRSiliconControlledRectifier--athree-electrodesolid-statedevicewhichpermitscurrenttoflowinonedireconly,anddoesthisonlywhenasuitablepotentialisappliedtothethirdelectrode,calledthegate.可控硅整流器可控硅整流器——三电极固态元件，只有当匹配的电压作用于第三电极（选通电极）时，才能够保证电流朝方向流动。ShortCircuitAshortcircuitisgenerallyanunintendedelectricalconnectionbetweencurrentcarryingparts.短路短路通常是指带电流的组件之间意外的电路连接。ShuntTripShunttripisafeatureaddedtoacircuitbreakerorfusibleswitchtopermittheremoteopeningofthebreaswitchbyanelectricalsignal.分励脱扣分励脱扣是线路断路器或可熔电闸的一个特性，可通过远程信号来进行分断或转换。SoftLoadingSoftloadingreferstotherampingofloadontooroffofageneratorinagradualfashionforthepurposeofminimizingvoltageandfrequencytransientsonthesystem.软加载软加载是指在给发电机组增加或减少负载时要逐渐进行，以减少电压和频率对系统的瞬变影响。SoundLevelMeterAsoundlevelmetermeasuressoundpressurelevel.Ithasseveralfrequency-weighteddecibel(dB)scale声级表B,C)tocoverdifferentportionsoftherangeofmeasuredloudness.SoundlevelmetersindicateRMSsouunlessthemeasurementsarequalifiedasinstantaneousorpeaksoundlevel.声级表是用来测量声压级别的，它根据声音的频率分为几个分贝级(A,B,C)。声级表表征的是均方根声音非是适合瞬间或峰值的度量。SoundPressureLevel(SPL)Soundpressurelevelisameasurementofthepressurefluctuationsofasoundwaveasitpropagatesthrotheair.Becauseofthewiderangeofpressurestowhichtheearresponds,alogarithmicscaleisusedandexpressedasaratioofthemeasuredpressurereferencedtoapressureof2x10-5N/m2(20mPa)whichthresholdofhumanhearingat1000Hz.Themeasureisexpressedindecibels(dB).TheBelunitisnameafterAlexanderGrahamBell.声压级别声压级别是表示在空气中传播的声波的起伏压。由于耳朵能感知的声压范围很大，所以采用其对数值，并以2xN/m2（20mPa）的比率表示，这是人类在1000Hz所能听到的极限，单位是分贝（dB）。贝尔（十分贝）是以山大•格雷姆•贝尔的名字命名的。StandbySystemAstandbysystemisanindependentpowersystemthatallowsoperationofafacilityintheeventofnorma

powerfailure.备用系统备用系统是一个独立的电力供应系统，当常规电力供应失败时，备用系统就会运行。StarConnectionSeeWyeConnection.星形连接参见Y形连接。StartingCurrent启动电流Theinitialvalueofcurrentdrawnbyamotorwhenitisstartedfromstandstill.当发动机从停止状态启动时带来的初始电流值就是启动电流。SurgeSurgeisthesuddenriseinvoltageinasystem,usuallycausedbyloaddisconnect.突变突变是指系统中电压突然升高，通常是由于负载断开而引起的。SyncCheckRelayAsynccheckrelayisanelectricaldevicethatmonitorsthephaserelationshipbetweentwovoltagesourceandprovidesasignalwhenthevoltagesourcesarewithinspecificpresetparameters.同步检查继电器同步检查继电器是监测两个电压源之间的相位关系的电气设备，如果电压源间的关系在预定的参数范围内，会发出相应信号。SynchronizerAsynchronizerisanelectronicdevicethatmonitorsthephaserelationshipbetweentwovoltagesourcesaprovidesaconnectionsignaltoanenginegovernor,toforcethegeneratorsettosynchronizetothesystebus.同步器同步器是用来监测两个电压源之间的相位关系的电子设备，它向发动机调速器发出信号，以促使发电机组与母排能够同步。SynchronousGeneratorAsynchronousgeneratorisanACgeneratorhavingaDCexciter.Synchronousgeneratorsareusedasstand-alonegeneratorsforemergencypowerandcanalsobeparalleledwithothersynchronousgeneratoandtheutilitysystem.同步发电机同步发动机是配有直流励磁机的同步交流发电机。同步发动机能作为独立的紧急电源，也可以与其他同步发或市电并联。返回TransferSwitchAtransferswitchisanelectricaldeviceforswitchingloadsbetweenalternatepowersources.Anautomatitransferswitchmonitorstheconditionofthesourcesandconnectstheloadtothealternatesourceifthepreferredsourcefails.转换开关转换开关是能够把负载在备用电源和常规电源之间进行转换的电气设施。自动转换开关能够进行监控，如果电源供应失败，就自动把负载连接到备用电源。

Utility市电VoltageDipUtility市电VoltageDip电压暂降VoltageRegulation电压调整率Watt-HourMeter电度表WyeConnectionsY连接市电是商业电源，从大型中央电站向各设施供电。返回Voltagedipisthedipinvoltagethatresultswhenaloadisadded,occurringbeforetheregulatorcancorreorresultingfromthefunctioningofthevoltageregulatortounloadanoverloadedengine-generator.电压暂降是在负荷增加而调整器还未能进行校正时、或电压调整器正在为过载的发动机卸载时出现的电压下返回Voltageregulationisameasurethatst