海南省定安县定安中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学英语试题

定安中学2022级高二年级第一学期开学考英语学科试题第一部分听力注意事项:英语听力共两节,20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WheredidMr.Smithgethisschooling?A.InScotland. B.InEngland. C.InWales.2.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Acalculator. B.Acoffee. C.Amathbook.3.Whichgroupwillthewomanworkwith?A.GroupA. B.GroupB. C.GroupC.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whichideaisbetter. B.Wheretohavedinner. C.Whentheconcertbegins.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewilllivequitefaraway.B.Therewasacallforthewoman.C.Thewomancancallhimatanytime.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskforleave.B.ToleaveMolloy’sgroup.C.Tojointoday’sdiscussions.7.Whowilltakechargeoftoday’sseminar?A.Dr.Molloy. B.ThomasRobert. C.Apart-timer.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whatwasthemandoingduringyesterday’sweatherreport?A.Makingacall. B.Preparingforatrip. C.Doinghishomework.9.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Cloudy. B.Rainy. C.Sunny.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.WhatdidthewomandoonFriday?A.Shewenttoaparty.B.Sherelaxedwithherfamily.C.Shewenttothecinema.11.Whydidn’tthewomangoforapicnic?A.Becauseoftheterribleweather.B.Becauseofafootballgame.C.Becauseofherbrokencar.12.Whatdidthespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Mei’sparty. B.Favouritehobbies. C.Weekendactivities.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whenisthemanleavinghometomorrowmorning?A.At8:00. B.At9:00. C.At10:00.14.HowwillthemantraveltoItaly?A.Bytrain. B.Byplane. C.Bycoach.15.WhatwillthemandoinItaly?A.Relaxonthebeach. B.EnjoytheItalianculture. C.Dosomestudyonart.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeagoodrest. B.Findanicehotel. C.Workharder.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whatdothesewebsiteshelppeopledo?A.Taketoystotravel.B.Buydifferentkindsoftoys.C.Selltheirtoysaroundtheworld.18.Whatshouldyoudofirsttotakepartinit?A.Buyanewtoy. B.Contactatravelagency. 19.Whatshouldpeoplemailtotheagency?A.Postcards. B.Photos. C.Toys.20.What’sthepurposeofthespeaker?A.Toshareaninterestingstory.B.Tomakeanadvertisement.C.Toconductasurvey.第二都分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFriendsareveryimportanttous.Sometimeswejustwanttodevelopsomenewfriendships.Herearesomeofthebestappsforyoutomakenewfriends.AtletoResearchshowsthatexercisingwithafriendpromotesmoremotivationandhealthierlifestylehabits.Atletoisanappthatbuildsonthis"exercisecontagion（传染）"phe-nomenonbybringingtogetherathleticpeopletotakeexerciseandorganizegroupactivities.Youcanchoosefromover40sportsandfindyourcommunityofpeoplewholiketobeinasweat.FrienderStudiesshowthatwe'reeagertofindpeoplesimilartous.Supposeyou'resickofboringsurface-levelconversations.Then,Friendersolvesthatproblemquicklywithanalgorithm（算法）thatonlymatchesyoubasedonyourfavoriteactivitiesandinterests.Thisfriend-findingappmakesiteasytogetintoconversationsthatyoucareabout.Ifyoudon'thavemanyhobbiestotypeintoanapp,oneoftheeasiestwaystostartistotryoutnewhobbies.PawDateDogsaregreatcompanions,butsometimesit'snicetotalktohumans,too.Thisappconnectspetownerstomeetupatdogparksorwalkwiththeirpups.Yougettosetupdoggieplaydatesandfindnewfriendsatthesametime!It'sawin-win.SkoutSkoutstartedbackin2007tohelppeoplemakenewfriends.Therematchesarebasedondirectlybycheckingintoalocationandseeingwhoelseontheappisthere.21.WhoisAtletointendedfor?A.Thosewholiketowalktheirdogs.B.Thosewhowanttoplaysportstogether.C.Thosewhowanttodevelopnewhobbies.D.Thosewholiketodocommunityservice.22.WhatcanpeopledobyusingFriender?A.Solveconversationproblems.B.Sharetheirfavoriteactivities.C.Makenewfriendswhiletraveling.D.Haveconversationswithlike-mindedpeople23.Whichappcanhelptheuserfindnewfriendsquicklyatanewplace?A.Atleto.B.Friender.C.PawDateD.Skout.BJaimeAlfonsoEscalantewasbornin1930inLaPaz,Bolivia.Bothhisparentswereteachers.Hetaughtmathandscienceinhishomecountryfortwelveyears.Inthe1960s,JaimeEscalanteandhiswifeFabiolacametotheUnitedStates.Duringthenextseveralyears,helearnedtospeakEnglishandrepeatedhiscollegeeducationandteachertraining.In1974,Mr.EscalantewashiredatGarfieldHighSchooltoteachmathematics.Mr.Escalante'sstudentsweremostlyMexican-AmericansfromaSpanish-speakingareaofthecity.Manyweretheworststudentsattheschoolandthoughtto“beunteachable.”ButMr.Escalantepushedthegrouptoworkhard.Hetoldthembasicmathwastooeasyandthattheyhadtheabilitytodoharderwork.Hetoldhisstudentsthathebelievedinthem,buttheymusthavethedesiretobesuccessful.JaimeEscalantestartedanadvancedmathprogramwithasmallgroupofstudents.AdvancedPlacementisaprogramofcollege-levelclassesandtests.In1982,eighteenofhisstudentstooktheAdvancedPlacementtestincalculus.Theyallpassed.Officialsatthetestingcompanysuspectedthestudentsofcheating.Mr.Escalanteprotested.HesaidthestudentswerebeingrejectedbecausetheywereHispanicandfromapoorschool.Heurgedhisstudentstotakethetestagain.Twelveofthestudentsrepeatedthetest.Andagain,allofthempassed.Fiveearnedtopscores.Mr.Escalante'sstudentswentontobecomeengineers,scientistsanduniversityprofessors.TheadvancedmathprogramatGarfieldbecameextremelysuccessfuloverthenextseveralyears.JaimeEscalantereceivedmanyteachingawardsincludingthePresidentialMedalofExcellenceinEducation.Amovieabouthissuccess."StandandDeliver."wasreleasedin1988.Itinfluencedotherteacherstousehismethods.JaimeEscalanteretiredfromteachingin1998andlatermovedbacktoBoliviawithhiswife.Hediedearlierthisyear.Hewasseventy-nineyearsold.24.WhydidMr.Escalantestronglyadvisehisstudentstotakethetestagain?A.Toshowhisstudentswereskillfulinmathstudy.B.Toprovehisstudentswerehonestinthemathtest.C.Toguaranteehisstudentscouldpassthemathtest.D.Toinspirehisstudentstoworkharderthanbefore.25.Choosethecorrectorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.a.FabiolagotmarriedwithJaimeAlfonsoEscalante.b.Thefilm"StandandDeliver"wasreleased.c.Mr.Escalante's18studentstookthetestincalculus.d.Mr.EscalantebegantoteachmathatGarfieldHighSchool.e.Mr.Escalanteretiredandmovedbacktohishomecountry.A.a,d,e,b.cB.a,.d,c.b,eC.a.d,c,e,bD.c,b,e,a,d26.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Mr.EscalantewasregardedasoneofthebestteachersintheUSA.B.Allthe"unteachable"studentscanbecomeengineers,scientistsandprofessors.C.Jaime'swife'sdevotiontoeducationinfluencedhispassionforteachingmath.D.JairmeEscalantegotthePresidentialMedalofExcellenceinEducationtwice.27.What'stheauthor'stonetowardsMr.Escalante'sachievements?A.Thankful.B.Critical.C.AdmiringD.Negative.CWhenyoupraiseadog,it’slisteningtonotjustthewordsyousaybutalsohowyousaythem.Thatmightnotbehugenewstodogowners.Butnowresearchershaveexploredthisphenomenonbyusinganimagingmachinetolookinsidethebrainsof13dogsastheylistenedtotheirowners’voice.Therewardpathwayinthedogs’brainslitupwhentheyheardbothpraisingwordsandanapprovingintonation(赞许的语调)—butnotwhentheyheardrandom(随机的)wordsspokeninapraisingtoneorpraisingwordsspokeninaflattone,accordingtotheresearchers.“Dogsdealwithbothwhatwesayandhowwesayitinawaywhichisamazinglysimilartohowhumansdoit,”saysAttilaAndics,aneuroscientistinHungary.Whendogshearspeech,heexplains,theyseemtoseparatethemeaningofwordsfromtheintonation.Thenthelefthemisphere(半球)ofthebraindealswithmeaning,whileintonationisdealtwithintherighthemisphere.Allthedogsinthestudywerewillingvolunteersandweretrainednottomoveinthescanner(扫描器).Thedogscouldgetupandleavethemachinewhenevertheywanted.Butitwascleartothedogsthattheirhumancompanionsloveditwhentheydidthisveryeasytask.“Theywerereallyhappytotakepart,”saysAndics.“Thedifficultyofthetrainingwasthattheycan’tmovemorethan3millimetersinanydirection,otherwisewewillhavetothrowoutallofthedata.”Hesaysmostdogownershaveexperimentedwithtryingto“trick”theirdogsbysayingnonsensewordsinacheerful,happytoneofvoice.“Ithinkthebigdifferencehereisthattheyonlyheardus,andtheydidn’tseeus,”saysAndics,becausethedogswereinsidethemachine.“Here,theonlyinformationtheyhadwasthespeechsignal.Whatwesawisthatforpraisetobedealtwithasareward,whenthereisnoothersupportinginformation,bothwordmeaningandintonationhavetofit.”28.Whatisregardedasarewardbydogsaccordingtothestudy?A.Praisingwordsinaflattone. B.Randomwordsinaflattone.C.Praisingwordsinapraisingtone. D.Randomwordsinapraisingtone.29.Howdodogsdealwithwhattheyhear?A.Focusmoreonthemeaning. B.Focusmoreontheintonation.C.Useinformationfromtheirpeers. D.Usethetwopartsofthebrain.30.WhatisahardpartofthetraininginAndics’opinion?A.Lookingintothedogs’brainactivity.B.Trainingdogstostaystillinthemachine.C.Keepingdogsseparatedfromtheirowners.D.Askingdogstogetupandleavethescanner.31.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.DogsUnderstandToneandMeaningofWordsB.DogsIndeedKnowHowtoPraiseC.DogsCanRecognizeOwners’VoicesD.DogsCanReadMan’sMoodsDInthecomingdecade,spaceagenciesandprivatespacecompanieslikeSpaceXareplanningtobuildabaseontheMoonandMars.Whilescientistsarealreadybuildingrocketsforthejourney,forlong-termhumansettlementsonthem,astronautswillneedfueltocarryoutdailytasks.Manyhavesuggestedhydrogen(氢).ButagroupofscientistsisworkingonturningCO2intheatmosphereintojetfuel.AsMarsisrichinCO2andthelunarsurfacehasahighconcentrationofCO2,itmaybeafeasiblesolution.FornowtheteamofscientistsattheUniversityofOxfordisfocusingonmakingjetfuelfortheaviation(航空)industry.Astheaviationindustryreleasesover900milliontonsofCO2everyyear,tobattleclimatechange,itisnecessarytoturnthetide.Sofaraviationscientistshavetriedtouseotherenergyresourceslikeelectricitytofly.Butsuchflightsarelimitedtoshortdistances.Forlong-distanceflights,thereisnoalternativeyet.TheconceptofturningCO2intojetfuelisnotnew.Previously,othersimilarmethodshadtorelyonexpensivecatalysts(催化剂)likecobalttospeedupthechemicalreaction.ButwhatOxfordscientistssuggestisaddingacheapiron-basedcatalystandhydrogentoturnCO2intoliquidfuel.Astheprocesswouldnotrequireusingfossilfuel,itwillmaketheindustrycarbonneutral(碳中和的).Thescientiststestedthenewcatalystinalabat300°Candat10timestheairpressureatsealevel.Theentireprocesstook20hoursandturned38percentofCO2intonewchemicals.About48percentofthechemicalswerejetfuelhydrocarbonandtherestwereotherby-productsthatareusedintheproductionofplastic.ProfessorPeterEdwards,aleadscientistintheproject,saidthenewmethodcouldbeimprovedintwotothreeyearstoproducejetfuelinlargequantities.“Thisisareallyexciting,potentiallyrevolutionaryadvance.OurvisionisthattheworldcanseethatCO2collectedcanbeusedasanenergycarriertoenablesustainableaviation.”32.Whichwordcanbestexplain“feasible”underlinedinparagraph1?A.Unique. B.Practical. C.Time-tested. D.Quick.33.Whatproblemdoestheaviationindustryface?A.Itissufferingfromaseriousfuelshortage.B.Thetraditionaljetfuelismuchtooexpensive.C.Climatechangepartlydisturbslong-distanceflights.D.Itsalternativeenergyresourcesarenotpowerfulenough.34.WhatdoweknowabouttheOxfordscientists’methodoffuel-making?A.Itisgreenandcost-saving.B.Itiscomplexandtime-consuming.C.Itrunstestsinnaturalenvironment.D.Itstartswithimmediatechemicalreaction.35.What’sthepurposeoftheauthor?A.Toattractpeopletoexplorethespace.B.Toinformusofabreakthroughinfuelresearch.C.Towarnusthedangersofclimatechange.D.Toencourageustoworkintheaviationindustry.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Collegecanbeachallengingtimefornewcomers.Formoststudents,it’sthefirsttimethey’llbelivingaloneandawayfromtheirparents.Whilestudentsmayfaceproblemsinuniversity,therearesolutionstotheseproblems.36Fromthemomentyougetintoschool,youwillneedtochooseyourownclasses,planyourscheduleandeventuallyfindoutwhereyourclassesareattheschool.Althoughtherearetutorstohelpyouwiththis,muchofitneedstobedoneonyourown.Balanceacademics(学业)andasociallife.Youwillfirstneedtoputyourclasses,studies,projectsandhomeworkinorderofimportance.Butyouwillneedtofindawaytobalanceacademicswithyoursociallife,too.37Thisisbecauseyougotoschoolwithyourfriendsatthesametimeeachday.Butincollege,yourschedulemaydifferfromyourfriends’schedules.Dealwithfinancialproblems.38Formanystudents,thisisthefirsttimethey’rereallyontheirownfinancially.Therefore,youhavetobecarefulabouthowmuchmoneyyou’respendingeachtime.Ifhavingfinancialconcerns,youcantalktoatrustedadultinyourfamily.Findtimetoeathealthilyandexercise.39Ittalksabouthowfreshmenusuallygain15poundsduringtheirfirstyearofcollege.Thisisoftenduetothelackofhealthyeatingoptionsattheschool,thelackofexerciseandfinally,drinking.Inordertokeepahealthylifestyle,besureaboutwhatyou’reeating.Inshort,youshouldavoideatingunhealthyfood.40A.Haveclassesontime.B.Planyourclassschedule.C.Moneyisabigchallengeforstudents.D.Morestudentstendtoeatunhealthyfood.E.Visitingthegymeveryweekisalsoimportant.F.Inhighschool,it’softeneasiertobalancethesetwo.G.“Freshman15”isapopularexpressioncommonlyusedincollege.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenmysisterDianebeganplayingtheviolin,shewasseven.Howdidshesound?Terrible.Butshedidn't41Attwelve,sheaskedourparentsifshecould42full-timemusicschool.Theysaidno.Actually,everyoneagreedthatmysisterdidn'thavetalent.Iwasbetteratmy43.Myteacherhadtoldmyparentsthat.Ihadgreatpotential.Somyparentsfoundthebestpianoteacherintheareato44me.ButtheonlytimewhenhewasavailablewasSaturdayat3p.m.Backthen，Iwas45bytheBritishTVshow.TheAvengers,whichwas46everySaturdayat3p.m.IletnothingtakeupmyTheAvengershour.SoI47thisamazing[opportunity.Today,Idon'tevenhavea48inmyhouse.Mysisterbecameanengineer,butshe49stoppedmakingmusic.Whenshewasinher40s,shechangedhercareer.Shewentbacktocollege,gota50inmusiceducation,andbecameamusicteacher.Shestartskidsoffontheirfirstinstrumentandgivesthemalltheencouragementandsupportshenever51.Recently,sheandapianistpalputonarecital（音乐演奏会）.Abigcrowdoffriendsandfamily52forher.Assheplayed,Ilookedaroundatthe53.Everyonewasobviouslyenjoyingthemusic.ItoccurredtomethatIwastheonlypersonwhorememberedthat7-yearoldkidmakingthose54soundsandknewhowfarshehadcome,despiteeverything.Talentis55.Butenthusiasmisevenmoreimportant.41.A.admitB.advanceC.quitD.improve42..A.attendB.payC.leaveD.visit43.A.majorB.projectC.articleD.instrument44.A.examineB.trainC.correctD.challenge45.A.frightenedB.seriousC.attractedD.particular46.A.playedB.filmedC.designedD.selectedA.jumpedatB.openedupC.waitedforD.turneddownA.tutorB.musicianC.pianoD.violin49.A.alreadyB.evenC.neverD.once50.A.degreeB.chanceC.prizeD.program51.A.expectedB.providedC.imaginedD.receivedA.turnoffB.getoffC.stayedupD.turnedupA.crowdB.studentsC.lightsD.stage54.A.sweetB.badC.powerfulD.pleasing55.A.nothingB.importantC.necessaryD.beneficial第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afewweeksago,afriendandI,bothtravellinginthesouthofFrance,56.(decide)togotothechocolatefestival,57.(call)"FeriaduChocolat"inFrench.Ihad58.fantastictime.Therewerestalls（货摊）sellingboxesofchocolates,sweets,dessertwines,etc.Allthestallownerswereveryfriendlyandhappytoseethe59.(arrive)offoreignerslikeus.Theyexplainedtheirmethodsof60.(make)chocolate,showedusphotosoftheirfactories,and,ofcourse,letustrytheirproducts!Myfriendboughtsomechocolatecups,61.Ithinkisagreatnovelty（新鲜事物）-youdrinkyourdrink,andthenyoucaneatthechocolatecup!Wethenwenttoamasterclasswherewelearnthowtomakechocolate.Iwasalittle62.(worry)beforethemasterclass,astherewereonly12peopleinaclass,andIwasn'tsureifmyFrenchwouldbegoodenough63.(understand)everything!Luckily,everyonewas64.(extreme)friendly---theladynext65.mewasmakingnotesofeverythingwedid,sosheexplainedwhenIdidn'tunderstand.Attheend,ourclassstayedintheroomandchattedabouthowmuchwewereenjoyingthedayandeatinglotsofchocolate!第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校学生会要举办“美丽中国（FantasticChina）”摄影展活动。请你给交换生朋友Peter写一封邮件，邀请他参与，内容包括：1.活动信息；2.参与方式；3.邀请参加。注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位