上海市复兴初中八年级下册Unit3单元英语测试

Part2Phonetics,GrammarandVocabulary（第二部分语音、语法和词汇）Fillintheblankswiththeproperword:Thenewlawhasbeengacceptedbythecitizens.【答案】（g）enerally【解析】【详解】句意：新法律已被公民普遍接受。根据“acceptedbythecitizens”可知被公民接受，结合首字母可知，应用generally表示“普遍地”，副词形式修饰动词accepted。故填（g）enerally。Ittookthemaboutanhourtogenoughfirewoodtostaythenight.【答案】（g）et【解析】【详解】句意：他们花了大约一个小时才弄到足够的柴火过夜。根据“enoughfirewoodtostaythenight「可知是指获得足够的柴火，ge俨得到"，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填（g）et。stillbelieveinthegoodnessofhumann.【答案】（n）ature【解析】【详解】句意:我仍然相信人性本善。根据首字母提示和“thegoodnessofhumarT可知，相信人性本善，nature“天性”符合句意,故填（n）ature。Theyhavefoundthebestwaytohthechange.【答案】（h）andle【解析】【详解】句意：他们已经找到了应对变化的最佳方法。根据首字母和“thechange”可知，找到了应对变化的最佳方法，thewaytodosth"做某事的方法”。handle”解决”符合句意，故填（h）andle。Ourgovernmenthasbeguntotakemtofightfoodwaste,butthereisstillalongwaytogo.【答案】（m）easures【解析】【详解】句意：我们的政府已经开始采取措施打击食物浪费，但还有很长的路要走。根据“Ourgovernment"和“fightfoodwaste”可知，此处指政府采取措施打击食物浪费；measure“措施”，名词，此处要用复数measures；takemeasures”采取措施故填（m）easures。Don'tputyourpricestoohigh,oryou'llfrightenthecoff.考查连词辨析。until直到；unless除非；sothat以便，为了；aslongas只要。根据句中“ourcountrywillbegreenerandmorebeautifulv可知，让我们的国家更绿更美丽是多种树的目的，所以此处使用sothat来引导目的状语从句，表示“我们被鼓励种树，目的是让我们的国家更绿更美丽”。故选C。IV.Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根据要求改写句子）Hevisitshisgrandmamonthly.（对划线部分提问）doeshevisithisgrandma?【答案】①.How ②.often【解析】【详解】句意：他每月去看望他的奶奶。划线部分“monthly”意为“每个月，每月一次”，表示频率，对其提问用howofteno故填How；oftenoIfhedoesn'ttakeaction,thesituationwillprobablygetoutofcontrol.（保持句意不变）Thesituationwillprobablygetoutofcontrolheaction.［答案】 ①.unless②.takes【解析】【详解】句意：如果他不采取行动，这个情形可能会失控。同义句可翻译为“这个情形可能会失控，除非他采取行动“。除非：unless,故可改为unless引导的条件状语从句，从句主语he为第三人称单数，take改为takeso故填unless；takesoDoyouknow?Howdoeselectricitylook?（句意不变）Doyouknowelectricitylike?【答案】①.what ②.looks【解析】【详解】句意：你知道吗？电是什么样子的？两句合并为一句，可以用宾语从句，连接词用what；原句是一般现在时，主语是electricity,look用三单形式，故填What；looks。Theteacherdidn'ttelluswhetherweshouldgoonwiththediscussionornot.（改简单句）Theteacherdidn'ttellusgoonwiththediscussionornot.【答案】①.whether②.to【解析】【详解】句意：老师没有告诉我们是否应该继续讨论。根据所给第一个句子，可以看出本句子是一个由whether引导的宾语从句，可以转换为句型结构：whether+todosth.o故填whether；to。Youhaven'tcollectedenoughinformationforthespeechyet.（同义转换）Youhavecollectedinformationforthespeech.【答案】①.t。。 （2）.little【解析】【详解】句意：你还没有为演讲收集到足够的信息。notenoughinformation与toolittleinformation同义。故填too；littleoVmnottheownerofthisdictionary.（同义句转换）Thisdictionarytome.［答案】 ①.doesn't②.belong【解析】【详解】句意：我不是这本字典的主人。根据原文可知，这本字典不属于我，可用notbelongto替换；句子时态是一般现在时，主语是三单，用助动词does+not构成否定句，故填doesn't；belongoElectricityisquitenecessaryinourdailylife.（改感叹句）electricityisinourdailylife!［答案］ ©.How②.necessary【解析】【详解】句意：电在我们的日常生活中是十分必要的。根据“…electricityisinourdailylife!”可知，此处要用how引导的感叹句，结构为how+形容词+主语+谓语+其他!；此处的形容词用necessary,意为“必要的“。故填How；necessaryoThenumberofworkerswillneverincrease.（反意疑问句）Thenumberofworkerswillneverincrease,?【答案】will ②.it【解析】【详解】句意：工人的数量永远不会增加。根据原句可知，句子时态是一般将来时，陈述部分是否定句，因此疑问部分是肯定句，用will,it代替主语"Thenumberofworkers”。故填will；it。Hewassopuzzledthathecouldsaynothing.（同义转换）Hewaspuzzledtosay.【答案】 ©.too②.anything【解析】【详解】句意：他困惑得说不出话来。so…that表示“如此……以至于……”，可与t。。…t。进行同义转换；too…to表达否定意义，因此第二空要用anything,意为“任何东西”。故填too；anythingoenter,may,you,room,until10:00,not,your【答案】Youmaynotenteryourroomuntil10:00【解析】【详解】根据所给标点可知，本句为陈述句。you作主语；not…until"直至IJ才”；maynotenter作谓语；yourroom作宾语；until10:00作时间状语。故填Youmaynotenteryourroomuntil10:00"你也许直到到10点才进房间V.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.A.advantagesB.awardC.educationalD.gradesE.exploreThemembersoftheScienceClubwanttoplantavegetablegarden.Wethinkthatitwillbeagoodcommunityprojectthatwillnotonlybe51、butalsowillbefun.Therewillbemany52 .Studentswilllearnaboutscience.Theycanlearnaboutdifferentkindsofplants.Studentswould53organicgardening,ecology,botany,andothersciencetopics.Studentswillgetsunshineandexercise.Gardeningcanbehardwork.Studentsinall54cansharethejobs.Everyonewillhaveachancetofeelinvolved.A.supportB.dependsonC.likelyD.responsibilityE.necessaryStudentswillalsolearnaboutcommitment（承诺）and 55 ,Gardeningtakesteamworkandpatience.Thesuccessofthegarden56completingeverytask.Everyonecantakeprideintheresults.Finally,studentswilllearnhealthyeatinghabits.Alotofkidsdon'tlikevegetables.However,iftheyhavehelpedgrowthefood,theywillbemore57totryit.Manystudentswillbeshockedtofindoutthattheylikegreen,leafystuff!Wehopethatyouwill58ouridea.Thankyouforyourtime.【答案】51.C52.ATOC\o"1-5"\h\z53.E 54.D55.D 56.B57.C 58.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，就蔬菜种植花园这个项目对学生的好处进行了阐述。【51题详解】句意：我们认为这将是一个良好的社区项目，不仅有教育意义，而且也会是有趣的。根据下文"Studentswilllearnabout...Studentswillget可知，此处是指蔬菜种植花园这个项目对于学生来说是具有教育意义的，学生能从中学到很多东西。空格处应填意为“有教育意义的”形容词educational,故选C。【52题详解】句意：会有很多好处。根据下文uStudentswilllearnabout...Studentswillget可知，这个蔬菜种植花园这个项目对于学生来说有很多好处。空格处应填意为“好处”的名词advantages,故选A。【53题详解】句意:学生将探索有机园艺、生态学、植物学和其他科学主题。根据上文“Studentswilllearnaboutscience"可知，通过探索有机园艺、生态学、植物学和其他科学主题，学生可以学到一些关于科学的知识。空格处应填意为“探索”的动词explore,故选E。【54题详解】句意：各个年级的学生都可以分担工作。根据下文“Everyonewillhaveachancetofeelinvolved”可知，各个年级的学生都可以分担工作，每个人都会参与其中。空格处应填意为“各年级”的名词grades,故选Do【55题详解】句意：学生还将学会承诺和责任。根据下文“Thesuccessofthegardendependsoncompletingeverytask”可知，通过蔬菜种植花园，学生还将学会承诺和责任。空格处应填意为“责任”的名词responsibility,故选Do【56题详解】句意：花园的成功取决于完成每一项任务。根据上文“Gardeningtakesteamworkandpatience”可知，园艺需要团队合作和耐心，花园的成功取决于完成每一项任务。空格处应填意为“依赖于、取决于”的短语dependson,故选B。【57题详解】句意：如果他们帮助种植了这些食物，他们就更有可能尝试（这些食物）。根据上文“Alotofkidsdon比likevegetables.However…”可知，很多孩子不喜欢蔬菜，然而，如果他们帮助种植了这些食物，他们就更有可能尝试（这些食物）。空格处应填意为“可能的”形容词likely,故选C。【58题详解】句意：我们希望你能支持我们的想法。根据句子结构，空格处应填动词，根据。uridea可知，support“支持”为动词，故选A。VLReadingcomprehension（阅读理解）（选择最恰当的答案）A.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）Istronglybelievethatwecanhaveanimportanteffectonanyonewemeet.Therightwordsatjusttherighttimecouldtotallychangesomeone'slife.Yearsago,that'swhathappenedtome.Mylifewascompletelychangedbecauseasimplethree-wordphrase

wasdeliveredattherighttimeinjusttherightway.WhenIwas3yearsold,myparentsdiscoveredIwastotallydeaf.Afteraskingmanyeducationalspecialists,doctors,psychologists（心理学家）,andparentsofotherdeafchildren,theydecidedtoputmeina“mainstream”school.Allofmyclassmatesandteacherswouldhavenormalhearing.FromthetimeIstartedgoingthereinthethirdgrade,IwastheonlydeafchildatBlueCreekElementarySchoolinthesmall,quiettownofLatham,NewYork.Fromalmostthefirstdaythere,theotherkidsmadefunofmeandcalledmenamesmainlybecauseofmyhearingaid（助听器）andthewayItalked.Iworriedthroughoutelementaryschoolbecause,inadditiontotheproblemsof"fittingin“withtheotherstudents,Ialsostruggledwithmostofmyschoolwork.AlthoughIseemedoutgoing,myself-esteem（自尊心、）wasquitelow.Isawmyselfasanuglykidwearingawired-looking（看上去奇，怪的）boxaroundhisneckwhowasn'tevensmartenoughtokeepupwiththeotherkids.Onemorning,sheaskedtheclassaquestion.Mrs.Jordan,myfifth-gradeteacher,changedallofthatwithasimplethree-wordphrase.Mrs.Jordanwasalargewomanwithavoicethatbounced（反弹）offthewallsofhertinyclassroom.Ireadherlips（口用唇）andimmediatelyraisedmyhand.ForonceIknewtheanswer.But,whenshecalledonme,Iwasafraid.ItookadeepbreathandnervouslyansweredMrs.Jordan9squestions.Iwillneverforgetwhathappenednext.Mrs.Jordanpointeddirectlyatme.Withsparkling（闪光的）eyesandawidesmileshecried:"THAT'SRIGHT.STEPHEN!”Forthefirsttimeinmyyounglife,Iwasaninstantstar（一举成名的人）.Myconfidencesoared（居U增）likeneverbefore.IdecidedrightthenandtherethatIwouldmakeaplaceformyselfinthisworld.Nomatterhowmanyobstacles（障碍）Imightmeetinlife,IknewIcouldovercomethem.Asimplethree-wordphrasedeliveredwithincredibleenthusiasm（热情）hadtotallychangedmyyounglife."THAT'SRIGHT,STEPHEN!”59.A"mainstream“schoolisprobablywhere.A.studentswithdisabilitiesgotostudy B.studentscanreceiveextracareC.moststudentsdonothavedisabilities D.therearemanywonderfulteachersWhatwastheauthor'sschoollifelike?Hegotalongverywellwithhisclassmates.C.Hekeptupwithothersbyworkinghard.Hegotalongverywellwithhisclassmates.C.Hekeptupwithothersbyworkinghard.Hecoulddealwithhishomeworkeasily.D.Hefeltashamedofhisperformanceinschool.WhenMrs.Jordancalledontheauthor,.hewassonervousthatheforgottheanswerhedidn'texpecttoreceivesuchencouragingpraisehewasafraidthathisclassmatemightlaughathimheknewhewouldbecomeaninstantstarafterwardsWithhisstory,theauthormainlyintendstotellusthat.teachersshouldhelptheirstudentsbuildtheirconfidencetherightwordsattherighttimecouldmakeadifferencebeingdisableddoesn'tmeanbeinglessimportantthanothersyouneedtoproveyourselfwhenyouaregiventhechance【答案】59.C 60.D61.C62.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的亲身经历，告诉我们在正确的时间，正确的话语可以产生影响。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据"theydecidedtoputmeina6mainstream,school.Allofmyclassmatesandteacherswouldhavenormalhearing;9（他们决定把我送到一所“主流”学校。我所有的同学和老师都会有正常的听力）可知一所“主流”学校可能是大多数学生没有残疾的学校。故选Co【60题详解】细节理解题。根据"Fromalmostthefirstdaythere,theotherkidsmadefunofmeandcalledmenamesmainlybecauseofmyhearingaid（助听苕岸）andthewayItalked.”以及“AlthoughIseemedoutgoing,myselfesteem（自尊心）wasquitelow.Isawmyselfasanuglykid”可知作者他为自己在学校的表现感到羞愧。故选D。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据“But,whenshecalledonme,Iwasafraid.ItookadeepbreathandnervouslyansweredMrs.Jordan'squestions.Iwillneverforgetwhathappenednext.”结合作者在学校被同学嘲笑可知，作者认为被老师喊起来回答问题会被同学嘲笑，故选C。【62题详解】推理判断题。根据"Nomatterhowmanyobstacles（障碍）Imightmeetinlife,IknewIcouldovercomethem.Asimplethree-wordphrasedeliveredwithincredibleenthusiasm（热T青）hadtotallychangedmyyounglife.叮HATSRIGHT,STEPHEN!，"（无论我在生活中遇到多少障碍，我知道我能克服它们。一个简单的三个字的短语以难以置信的热情完全改变了我年轻的生活。“没错，斯蒂芬!”）可知通过他的故事，作者主要是想告诉我们，在正确的时间，正确的话语可以产生影响。故选B。B.Choosethewordsandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的单词，完成短文）Doyoufinditdifficulttorefuseapieceofcakeafterdinner,ortoreadbooksinsteadofsurfingtheInternet?Youknowsomething'sbadfbryou,butyoujustcan'tstopit.Why?Well,researchershavefoundareasonwhybadhabitsaresohardtobreak—theygethard-wired（本能的）intoourbrains.ScientistsfromDukeUniversityintheUShavestudiedwhathappensinourbrainsashabitsform.Accordingtotheirresearch,ourbadhabitsleavea63thatstaysinanareaofthebrainthatcontrolscompulsive（无法控制的）behaviorandaddiction（瘾）.Itthenpushesustogiveintoourwantswithoutusevenknowingit.Tnordertoprovethispoint,theDukescientistsdidanexperimentwithmice.First,theytrainedagroupofmicetopressasmalllever（杠杆）togetasugarytreat.Whenthesweetsweretakenaway,thesesugar-addictedmicecontinuedpressingthelever,64therewasnosugar.Whydidthishappen?Accordingtoscientists,inanareainourbrainknownasthebasalganglia（基底核），therearetwopathways.Theygivetwomessages:onepathwayis“go”,theotheris"stop”,Inthebrainsofsugar-lovingmice,researchersfoundthatboththe"go"and"stop"signals（信号）weremore65thanthoseofothermice.Moreover,the"go"pathwaylitupbefore"stop"fbrthemicethathadformedthehabit.Theheadstartofthe“go”pathwaycouldexplainwhywecan't66fromthatdeliciouscake.Butyoumayaskwhygoodhabits,likeexercisingeveryday,can'toccupy（占领）the"go"pathway.Whyisithardtofallintogoodhabitsthroughdoingsomethinggoodagainandagain?AccordingtoRussellPoldrack,aneurobiologist（神经生物学家）attheUniversityofTexasatAustin,US,allthehabits67thesametypesofbrainactions,buthabitsthatgiveyoupleasurecanmakeyourbrainreleasedopamine（多巴月安）.Itmakesyouwantthepleasureagainandagain.Itseemsthatpartsofourbrainsmakeitdifficultforuswhenwetrytoovercomebadhabits.Butgoodnewsisthatwearenot68ofhabit.Wecanalwaysmaketherightchoiceusingmanyotherpartsofourbrains.63.A.noteB.sayingC.buttonD.mark64.A.soB.butC.whileD.eventhough65.A.pleasantB.activeC.excitingD.relaxing66.A.lookbackB.lookaroundC.lookawayD.lookdown67.A.aredifferentfromB.aremadeupofC.aresatisfiedwithD.arebasedon68A.creaturesB.ownersC.servantsD.producers【答案】63.C 64.D65.B66.C67.D68.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了坏习惯很难改掉的原因——这些坏习惯根植于我们的大脑中。[63题详解】句意：根据他们的研究，我们的坏习惯会在控制强迫行为和成瘾的大脑的某个区域留下一个按钮。note笔记；saying谚语；button按钮；mark记号。根据"Itthenpushesustogiveintoourwantswithoutusevenknowingit.”可知，它迫使我们在不知不觉中向自己的欲望屈服。故选C。【64题详解】句意：这些对糖上瘾的老鼠继续按下杠杆，即使没有糖。so所以；but但是；while然而；eventhough即使。分析句子可知，句子前后是让步关系。故选D。【65题详解】句意：在嗜糖老鼠的大脑中，研究者发现“去做”和“停止”信号比其他老鼠要活跃。pleasant令人愉快的；active活跃的；exciting令人兴奋的；relaxing令人放松的。根据“the'go'and'stop'signals（信号）”可知,此处指“活跃的”。故选B。【66题详解】“去做”神经通路占的优势可以解释为什么我们不能把目光从那个美味的蛋糕上移开。lookback回顾；lookaround朝四周看；lookaway把目光移开；lookdown向下看。根据“fromthatdeliciouscake”可知，指目光从蛋糕上移开。故选C。[67题详解】句意：所有的习惯都是基于相同类型的大脑动作，但能给你带来快乐的习惯可以让你的大脑释放多巴胺。aredifferentfrom与不同；aremadeupof由组成；aresatisfiedwith对满意；arebasedon基于o根据“buthabitsthatgiveyoupleasurecanmakeyourbrainreleasedopamine（多巴胺）''可知，所有的习惯都是基于相同类型的大脑动作。故选D。[68题详解】句意：但好消息是，我们不是习惯的生物。creatures生物；owners主人；servants仆人；producers生产商。根据"Wecanalwaysmaketherightchoiceusingmanyotherpartsofourbrains."可知，我们不是习惯的生物。故选A。Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给）Haveyoueverexperiencedthefeelingoffallingasyoustarttofallasleep?Sometimesyoumaywakeuptothisfeeling.Ifso,don'tworry.Manypeoplehavefeltthesamething.Infact,thesemuscletwitches（肌肉抽搐）inthearms,legsorotherpartsofthebodyarecalledhypnicjerks(入嚼抽动)orsleepstarts.Andtheyareveryc69 .Upto70percentofpeopleexperiencethemsometimes,HuffingtonPostreported.Butwhatcausesit?Therearesometheories(理念).Somescientistsbelievethatthefeelingoffallingcomesfromthebodyrelaxingitself,especiallyifthepersonisanxiousorunabletogetcomfortable.A70you'regoingtosleep,yourmusclesbecomerelaxed.Butyourbrains71awake.Itmisunderstandstherelaxingofyourmusclesasasignthatyou'refalling.Thebrainthenjerksthebodyawakeasifit'stryingtoprotectyou.Otherscientistsbelievethatdifferentphasesofsleepmightcausethehypnicjerks.Whenwesleep,weexperiencetwophasesnon-rapideyemovement(NREM,非快速眼动睡眠期)andrapideyemovement(REM,快速眼动睡眠期).DuringREM,ourheartrate,breathingandnervouss72 canfactirregularly.Ifthebodyexperiencesflashes(——瞬I可)ofREMwhileenteringsleep,theseirregularitiescouldcausetwitches.Ifyoudon'twanttoexperiencehypnicjerks,scientistshavesomesuggestions.Whenyoubecomer73relaxed,youcanlearnhowtoreconnectslowlybymovingyourfingersandtoesalittlebit.Thenstarttomoveyourheadandopenyoureyes,whilebeingawareofyourselfasyougetoutoftherelaxedstate.Butexpertsagreethathypnicjerks,thoughsometimesscary,arehomeless.Ifitwakesyouup,simplyrolloverandgobacktosleep,.Butkeepinmind:acaffeinated(含咖啡因的)drink,e74eveningactivitiesorstressmaymakehypnicjerkshappenmoreoften.【答案】69.(c)ommon70.(A)s71.(s)tays(s)ystem(r)ather##(r)eally(e)xciting【解析】【导语】本文主要科普了睡觉时发生的一些普遍现象。【69题详解】句意:它们很常见。根据首字母提示和“Infact,thesemuscletwitches(肌肉抽搐)inthearms,legsorotherpartsofthebodyarecalledhypnicjerks(入嚼抽动)orsleepstarts.”可知，此处指这些现象很普遍，common“普遍的”符合句意，故填(c)ommon。【70题详解】句意：当你准备睡觉时，你的肌肉变得放松。根据首字母提示和“yourmusclesbecomerelaxed”可知，睡觉时你的肌肉变得放松，as“当……时”符合句意，故填(A)s。[71题详解】句意：但是你的大脑保持清醒。根据首字母提示和“awake”可知，stayawake“保持清醒。句子时态是一般现在时，主语是三单，动词用三单形式，故填(s)tays。【72题详解】句意：在快速眼动期间，我们的心率、呼吸和神经系统都是不规则的。根据首字母提示和“nervous”可知，此处指神经系统，system"系统”符合句意，故填(s)ystem。[73题详解】句意：当你变得相当放松时，你可以通过一点点移动你的手指和脚趾来学习如何慢慢地重新连接。根据首字母提示和“relaxed”可知,变得相当放松时,rather“相当"really“非常”符合句意,故填(r)ather/(r)eally。【74题详解】句意：但请记住:含咖啡因的饮料、令人兴奋的夜间活动或压力都可能使睡眠痉挛更频繁地发生。根据首字母提示和“eveningactivitiesorstress”可知，令人兴奋的夜间活动会使睡眠痉挛更频繁地发生，exciting“令人兴奋地“符合句意，故填(e)xciting。JohnWesleyPowellEverytimeIgowhitewaterrafting,IthinkofanexplorernamedJohnWesleyPowellwhowasanamazingfigureintheAmericanWest.Powellwasfearlessandthoughtnothingofhoppinginaboatandrowingdownanunknownriver.Alongtheway,hestudiedgeology,plants,andwildlife,teachinghimselfmuchaboutthenaturalworld.In1860,PowelljoinedthearmyintheCivilWar.Hewasinjuredandlosthisrightarm.Whenthewoundwascured,hewentbackintobattle!In1865,heretiredasamajor(上校).Powelltookateachingpositionasprofessorofgeologyeventhoughhehadnevergonetocollegehimself.Duringthistime,hebegantodevelopadaringplan.HewantedtoexploretheGrandCanyonbyraftingtheColoradoRiver.Noonehaddonesuchathingbefore.InMayof1869,PowellsetoutwithtenmenontheGreenRiverinWyomingforaten-monthtrip.Everyonewhosawthemleavethoughttheywouldbedonefor.Nowonder!Theywerefacingtheunknownwitheverybendoftheriver.Nooneknewwhatrapids(急流)layaheadorhowdangerousthey'dbe.ButPowellrefusedtogiveup.Hehadcourageandcarefulness.Hedidwhathesetouttodo.Hegotariver's-eyeviewofoneofthemostunbelievablenaturalformations(构造)onEarth.Andhelivedtotellthetale.Powellwasafraidofhoppinginaboatandrowingdownariver,wasn'the?【答案】(c)ustomers【解析】【详解】句意：不要把价格定得太高，不然会把顾客吓跑的。根据“Don'tputyourpricestoohigh”和首字母提示可知，价格太高会吓跑顾客，此处宜用名词复数，customers“顾客”符合句意，故填(c)ustomers。Thecomputercalargenumberofelectronicswitches.【答案】(c)ontrols【解析】【详解】句意：计算机控制着大量电子开关。根据首字母提示和“alargenumberofelectronicswitches”可知，电脑控制着电子开关，空格处应用control“控制”；由句子时态是一般现在时，主语是三单，可知谓语动词用三单式。故填(c)ontrols。Hedidn'tgiveanyeforhisrudebehaviour.【答案】(e)xplanation【解析】【详解】句意：他对自己的粗鲁行为没有作任何解释。根据“forhisrudebehaviour”和首字母提示，对自己的粗鲁行为，他没有作任何解释，explanation“解释”符合句意，故填(e)xplanation。Somecarenotallowedtobeusedonvegetables.【答案】(c)hemicals【解析】【详解】句意：有些化学药品是不准用于蔬菜的。根据“arenotallowedtobeusedonvegetables”可知，此处指"化学药品"，用chemical表示，由some可知，应用复数形式。故填(c)hemicals。Intermsofhishealthproblem,heshouldavoidbhimselfinhisworkallthetime.【答案】(b)urning【解析】【详解】句意：说到他的健康问题，他应该避免老是在工作中过度劳累。根据"himselfinhisworkallthetime”以及首字母可知，此处考查bumonesef过度劳累”。结合avoid的用法avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”可知，此处需用动名词burning作宾语。故填(b)urning。Fillintheblankswiththewordinitsproperform:explainpoliteencourageelectricityservantheatchangelivepatientscienceOnMother'sDay,Igavemymothera(n)hairdrierasapresent.WhathappenedtoPowelPsrightarmwhenhewasinthearmy?Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"suchathing^inParagraph3referto?HowmanypeoplesetoutontheGreenRiverinWyomingforaten-monthtrip?Whydideveryonewhosawthemleavethinktheywouldbedonefor?HowdoesthewriterfeelaboutPowell?Pleasetellyourreason(s).【答案】75.No,hewasn't.Hewasinjuredandlosthisrightarm.ExploringtheGrandCanyonbyraftingtheColoradoRiver.Eleven/11.Becausetheythoughttheteamwouldfacetheunknownwitheverybendoftheriver.HeadmiresPowellandthinksthatheisverybrave.BecausePowellexploredtheGrandCanyonbyraftingtheColoradoRiverandnoonehadonethisbefore.(AnyreasonableanswerisOK)【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了探险家Powell,虽然他在军队中失去了右臂，但是却敢于在科罗拉多河上泛舟探索大峡谷，虽然很多人为此担心，但他们却安然无恙。【75题详解】由第一段句子uPowellwasfearlessandthoughtnothingofhoppinginaboatandrowingdownanunknownriver."可知，Powell对于跳上船,顺流而下并不害怕，应用否定回答，故填No,hewasn't.【76题详解】由第二段句子“Hewasinjuredandlosthisrightarm.”可知，Powell在军队里的时候，受伤失去了右臂,故填Hewasinjuredandlosthisrightarm.【77题详解】由前句“HewantedtoexploretheGrandCanyonbyraftingtheColoradoRiver.”可知，句中“suchathing”指的是在科罗拉多河上泛舟探索大峡谷，故填ExploringtheGrandCanyonbyraftingtheColoradoRiver.【78题详解】由第四段句子“InMayof1869,PowellsetoutwithtenmenontheGreenRiverinWyomingforaten-monthtrip.”可知，算上Powell,共有11个人出发前往怀俄明州的格林河进行为期10个月的旅行，故填Eleven/11.【79题详解】由最后——段句子“Theywerefacingtheunknownwitheverybendoftheriver.Nooneknewwhatrapids(急流)layaheadorhowdangerousthey'dbe.”可知，看到他们离开的人都以为他们完蛋了，是因为认为他们会面对河流的每一个弯，而没有人知道前面有什么急流，会有多么危险，故填Becausetheythoughttheteamwouldfacetheunknownwitheverybendoftheriver.【80题详解】由最后一段可知，Powell没有轻易放弃，做了他打算做的事，所以作者对他应该是钦佩的，故填HeadmiresPowellandthinksthatheisverybrave.BecausePowellexploredtheGrandCanyonbyraftingtheColoradoRiverandnoonehadonethisbefore.(AnyreasonableanswerisOK)Citizensneedmorepublicsuchasschoolsandhospitals.Wewillincreaseculturalwithothercountries.Hespokeveryinordernottofrightenthelittleboy.Inthosehardtimes,hewoulddoanythingtokeep.Hisarealwaysdifficulttobelieve.Helookedatmeandsaid,"CanIleavenow?”Itissaidthatthisyearhasbeenthesecondyearsince2000.AteamofFrenchandChinesehasworkedonthisproblemforseveralmonths.Theyescapedintheendbecausetheyshowedinthefaceofdanger.【答案】11.electricservicesexchangespolitelyalive16.explanationsimpatientlyhottestscientistscourage【解析】[11题详解】句意：母亲节，我给了我妈妈一个电动吹风机当做礼物。根据"hairdrie]和备选词汇可知此处表达“电动吹风机”,此空应填形容词，electric”用电的,电动的”,electrichairdrier”电动吹风机”。故填electric。12题详解】句意：市民需要更多的公共服务机构，例如学校和医院。根据"public…suchasschoolsandhospitals”和备选词汇可知此处表达公共服务机构，servant“仆人”，应用services表示“公共服务机构”。故填services。【13题详解】句意：我们将会和其他国家增进文化交流。根据"cultural...withothercountries”可知此空应填名词，表示“文化交流"。change“改变”，exchange"交流，交换”，名词，根据“withothercountries”可知此空应用名词复数。故填exchanges。【14题详解】句意:为了不吓坏那个小男孩他说得非常有礼貌。根据"spoke”和备选词汇可知此空应填副词修饰spoke,polite“礼貌的"，形容词，其副词形式为politely。故填politely。【15题详解】句意：在那些困难时期，他愿意做任何事情来维持生命。根据“keep”和备选词汇可知此空应填形容词，live“有生命的”,修饰物，修饰人需用alive,表示“活着”。故填alive。【16题详解】句意：他的解释总是很难相信。根据“arealwaysdifficulttobelieve”和备选词汇可知此空应填explain,根据“his”可知此空应填名词，explain的名词形式为explanation,根据“are”可知应用名词复数。故填explanationso【17题详解】句意：他不耐烦地看着我，说：“我可以走了吗？"。根据“look…at”可知此空应填副词修饰look,根据“canIleavenow”和备选词汇可知，此处表达“不耐烦的"，patien俨耐心的”，其反义副词形式为impatiently。故填impatientlyo【18题详解】句意：据说今年是2000年以来第二个最热的一年了。根据“thesecond”可知此空应填形容词最高级，根据“Itissaidthatthisyearhasbeenthesecond”可知此处表达“最热的一年"，heat“加热”，动词，其形容词形式为hot,最高级为hottesto故填hottesto【19题详解】句意：法国和中国队的科学家们研究这个问题有好几个月了。根据“Chinese...hasworked”可知此空应填名词，根据"hasworkedonthisproblemforseveralmonths”和备选词汇可知此空表示“科学家"，scientist”科学家"，根据"FrenchandChinese”可知此空应填名词复数。故填scientistso【20题详解】句意：最后他们逃脱了，因为他们在危险面前展示出了勇气。根据“show…in”和备选词汇可知此空应填名词，表示“勇气”，encourage”鼓励"，动词，courage“勇气”，名词。故填courage。III.ChoosethebestanswerThemetermeasuregasused.A.usedto,theamountof B.isusedto,anamountofC.usedto,anamountof D.isusedto,theamountof【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：这个仪表是用来测量燃气使用量的。考查短语辨析。usedto过去常常做某事;beusedtodo被用来做某事；theamountof 的数量；anamountof大量的。根据“Themeter”和生活常识可知，仪表用来测量燃气使用的数量，因此第一空用beusedto；第二空用theamountof,故选DoTheseaistapwatercomesfrom.A.where,inthefirstplace B.that,inthefirstplaceC.where,atthefirstplace D.that,atthefirstplace【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：首先，海水是自来水的来源。考查表语从句和固定用法。inthe自rstplace首先；atthefirstplace放在首位。根据“comesfrom”可知，海水是自来水的来源；第一空where符合句意；inthefirstplace“首先L此处指“首先，海水是自来水的来源。"，故选A。BennywantedDaisytoapacketofelectricityhim.A.get;for B.got;to C.get;to D.got;for【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：班尼想让黛西给他拿一包电。考查非谓语动词和介词辨析。for为了；to朝。短语wantsbtodosth表示“想要某人做某事。to后接动词原形，第一个空是get；短语getsbsth等同于getsthforsb表示“给某人拿某物”，应用介词for。故选A。一Howmuchmoneyhaveyougotyou?一Thereis.Look,mypocketisempty.A.from;nothing B.with;nothing C.with;none D.from;none【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你身上带了多少钱？——没带钱。看，我的口袋空的。考查介词和不定代词。with和（表伴随）；from来自；nothing什么都没有；none什么都没有（数量上）。第一空根据“Howmuchmoneyhaveyougot…you”可知，此处指的是“随身携带”，因此用with；第二空根据“money"和“mypocketisempty”可知，此处表示数量上没有,因此用none。故选C。willkeeptryingIhavefailedtwice.A.ifB.thoughC.evenD.whileA.ifB.thoughC.evenD.while【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我会继续努力，尽管我失败了两次。考查从属连词辨析。if如果，是否；though虽然；even甚至；while当。前后为让步关系，应用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。Oneofthewaystoprotecttheenvironmentisasaspossible.A.toplant;manytreesB.toplant;moretreesC.plant;manytreesD.plant;moretrees【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：保护环境的方法之一是种植尽可能多的树。考查非谓语动词和短语。第一空根据“Oneofthewaystoprotecttheenvironmentis”可知，此处需填宾语，结合选项可知，动词原形不可作宾语，因此用动词不定式toplant作宾语；第二空根据“as...aspossible”可知，此处需填形容词原形，不用比较级形式，as+形容词/副词+aspossible"尽可能地”，因此用manytrees。故选Ao—arethecables?一ApowerstationA.Where,connectedto B.Where,connectedwithC.What,connectedto D.What,connectwith【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——电缆连接的是什么？——一个发电站。考查特殊疑问句和动词短语辨析。Where在哪里；What什么；connectto连接到；connectwith与连接。根据“Apowerstation.”可知，问句表示电缆连接的是什么，应用what和connectto；再由“are”及选项判断，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，故动词要用过去分词connected。故选C。WhenIleftthecompany,therewerestillpeopleintheoffice.A.few;working B.afew;worked C.few;worked D.afew;working【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：当我离开公司的时候，办公室里还有几个人在工作。考查代词和非谓语动词。few很少，表示否定含义；afew一些，表示肯定含义。根据“still”可知办公室里还有人在工作，应用afew,表示肯定含义；第二空应填现在分词作定语修饰people,故选D。Whenthemeatwascookedononeside,Maryandcookedside.A.turneditover;theother B.turneditback;anotherC.turneditback;theother D.turneditover;another【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：当肉的一面做熟后，玛丽把它翻过来煮另一面。考查词汇辨析。turnover翻面；turnback返回；another另一个，指三者及三者以上的事物；theother另一个，两者中。根据“Whenthemeatwascookedononeside”可知，此处指把肉翻面，应使用turneditover；肉有两面，应使用theother表示另一面。故选A。TheteacheraswellashisstudentsthegamethiscomingFriday.A.aregoingtotakepartin B.isgoingtojoinC.isgo