【高二 拓展阅读-科技】Wind Energy

WindEnergyWindpowerisenergy,suchaselectricity,thatisgenerateddirectlyfromthewind.ItisconsideredarenewableenergysourcebecausethereisalwayswindontheEarthandwearen’t“usingup”thewindwhenwemakeenergyfromit.Windpoweralsodoesnotcausepollution.WindturbinesandwindfarmsInordertomakeelectricityfromwind,energycompaniesuselargewindmillscalledwindturbines.Theyarecalledthisbecausetheyuseturbinegeneratorstogeneratetheelectricity.Inordertocreatealotofenergycapableofpoweringthousandsofhomes,energycompaniesbuildlargewindfarmswithlotsofwindturbines.Theyusuallybuildtheseinconsistentlywindyplaces.Somecompaniesbuildwindfarmsoutintheocean.Thesearecalledoffshorewindfarms.HowTallArewindturbines?Windturbinesarereallybigstructures.Thetoweritselfistypicallybetween200and300feettall.Whenyouaddintheheightoftheblades,someturbinestower400feethigh!Thebladesarequitebig,too.Therearetypicallythreewindbladesonawindturbine.Eachbladeisusuallybetween115and148feetlong.HowDoesaWindTurbineWork?Awindturbineworkstheoppositeofafan.Insteadofusingelectricitytoturnthebladestomakewind,itusesthewindtoturnthebladestomakeelectricity.Whenthewindturnsthebladesthebladesturnashaftinsidetheturbine.thisshaftisbig,butturnsslowly.Theshaft,however,isconnectedtoanumberofgearswhichcausesasmallershafttoturnmuchfaster.Thissmallershaftdrivestheelectricalgeneratorwhichgeneratestheelectricitythatcanbeusedbyhomesandbusinesses.WhatIfthereIsn’tAnyWind?Ifthereisn’tanywind,thennoenergywillbegeneratedbythewindturbine.However,engineersdoalotofmeasurementsandcalculationstofigureoutthebestareastoplacethewindturbines.thewindwon'tbeblowingallthetime,buttheimportantthingishowmuchthewindblowsonaverage.ArethereAnyDrawbackstoWindPower?Onemajorissuesomepeoplehavewithwindpowerishowthewindturbinesmessupthevieworlandscape.otherdrawbacksincludethelargebladeskillingbirdsandnoisepollutionfromtheturbine.Mostpeopleagreethatthepositivesofafullyrenewableandcleanenergyresourcefaroutweighthenegatives.ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetherenewableenergy?A.Energythatisgeneratedbyburningsomething.B.Energythatisnotbeingusedup.C.Energythatweobtainfromfossilfuels.D.Energythatcausesgreatpollution.2.Whatarelargewindmillsusedforgeneratingelectricitycalled?A.Windfarms.B.Solarpanels.C.Windturbines.D.Energymills.3.Howlongisthetypicalbladeonawindturbine?A.Between200and300feet.B.About400feet.C.Lessthan100feet.D.Between115and148feet.4.Whichofthefollowingworkstheoppositeofawindturbine?A.Asolarpanel.B.Anelectricfan.C.Anuclearpowerplant.D.Ahydropower.5.Whatisadrawbacktousingwindturbinestogenerateelectricity?A.Theymessuptheview.B.Thebladescankillbirds.C.Theycancausenoisepollution.D.Alloftheabove.Vocabulary基础词energy n.能源记词根记忆：en（使…）+erg（能量）+y→使有能量→能源搭energysources能源energyconservation节能electricity n.电，电流；电学搭produce/makeelectricity发电source n.来源；出处；水源；根源，原因记联想记忆：水源（source）是重要的资源（Resource）搭sourceofinformation信息来源pollution n.污染；弄脏记联想记忆：想方设法（solution），治理污染（po|utin）搭noisepollution噪音污染structure n.建筑物；结构；体系记词根记忆：struct（建造）ure（表结果）→建筑物例awoodenstructure木结构建筑物typically adv.典型地，有代表性地；向来，一向搭typicallyChinesehospitality中国人特有的殷勤好客blade n.（机器上旋转的）桨叶；刀刃，刀片；叶片，草叶搭sawblade锯条opposite adv.相对的；相反的prep.在…对面记词根记忆：op（反）+pos（放）+ite（…的）→放在反面→相反的搭beoppositeto与…对立electrical adj.与电有关的；电的，用电的记词根记忆：electr（电）+ical（…的）→与电有关的搭electricalequipment电气设备anelectricalengineer一位电气工程师measurememt n.衡量；测量；尺寸记词根记忆：measure（测量）+ment（表名词）测量例Measurementofbloodpressurecanbeundertakenbypracticenurses.血压的测量可以由实习护士来完成。resource n.[常pl.]资源记联想记忆：re+Source（源泉）→可再用的源泉→资源搭naturalresources自然资源Vocabulary进阶词turbine n.涡轮机，汽轮机记词根记忆：turb（搅动）+ine（表名词）→涡轮机搭underseaturbine海底涡轮机shaft n.轴，柄，杆；矛柄，把柄：（光的）束；（电梯的）升降井英apoleorrodwhichformsthehandleofatoolorweapon记联想记忆：变速杆（shaft）用来改变（shift）速度calculation n.计算，推算；估计，推测；计划，打算例Thecalculationshowsthat17percentoflungcancercasescanbeattributedtohighlevelsofexposuretosecond-handtobaccosmoke.据统计，有17%的肺癌是由于长期处于二手烟环境而引起的。figure n.身材；轮廓；数字；图形，图表；人物v.算出，估算；认为；出现；是重要部分；图表表示搭figureout想出办法average n.平均水平；平均数adj.平均的；一般的；平庸的v.平均为搭onaverage平均，通常anaverageperson常人averagesize平均大小，一般大小drawback n.缺点，障碍，不利条件；退款，退税记组合词：draw（拉）+back（向后）→拖后腿→缺点，障碍issue n.问题，担忧；争论点；发行；（报刊的）一期v.颁布；发行英aproblemorworrythatsbhaswithsthmess n.肮脏，杂乱；混乱，困境v.弄脏，弄乱；搞糟搭inamess混乱；陷入困境messwith打扰，招惹messup搞砸；弄乱outweigh vt.（在重量、价值、影响等上）超过例Clearly，theadvantages