黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

高一英语试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。全卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。考生作答时将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.作图题可先使用2B铅笔填涂，然后用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第Ⅰ卷单项选择题(共95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewoman?A.Aprofessor.B.Astudent.C.Areporter.2.Howdidthemanfindhistrip?A.Boring.B.Tired.C.Good.3.Whattimeshouldthemancheckinattheairportatleast?A.At4:30a.m.B.At2:30p.m.C.At4:30p.m.4.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.5.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Atschool.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Atarepairshop.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下两个小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanoftenhaveforlunch?A.Leftoverfromthenightbefore.B.Saladmadebyherself.C.Foodfromrestaurants.7.Whendoesthewomanwashtheingredients?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.听下面一段对话，回答以下三个小题。8.Howdidthemanbuyhistelevision?A.Hewenttoastore.B.HeboughtitontheInternet.C.Heordereditoverthetelephone.9.Whendidthemangethistelevision?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.10.Whatdoesthewomanpromisetodofortheman?A.Sendhimaremotecontrol.B.ChangetheTVsetforhim.C.Helphimsetupthetelevision.听下面一段对话，回答以下三个小题。11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandoatfirst?A.Seeafilm.B.Goforawalk.C.Turnontheairconditioner.12.Whatsportdoesthewomandoregularly?A.Climbing.B.Jogging.C.Swimming.13.WhatisthemangoingtodonextSaturday?A.Holdaparty.B.Cleanhishouse.C.Gotothebookstore.听下面一段对话，回答以下三个小题。14.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofToday’sWorld?A.Itisboring.B.Itisuseful.C.Itisexpensive.15.HowmuchdotheEnglishbookandthenovel-costintotal?A.$14.B.$16.C.$30.16.Whoisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Aresearcher.听下面一段对话，回答以下四个小题。17.HowdoesJohngotoworkonrainydays?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.18.WhatdoesJohnusuallydoonweekends?A.Hebakessomething.B.Helearnscooking.C.Hebuyssweets.19.WhendoesCaroleatout?A.Whenshehasabusydayatwork.B.Whenshedoesn’tknowwhattoeat.C.Whenherhusbandistoobusytocook.20.WhatdoesCarolthinkoftherestaurants?A.Theyarepopular.B.Theyareselectable.C.Theyareexpensive.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AShowBizSummer2023Location:RosewoodCenterforFamilyartsImportantInformation:●Tuitionpaidonthefirstdayofclass.●Notuitionrefunds(退款)fornotattendingtheclass.●Pleaseaccompanystudentstothefirstdayofclass.●Registrationbeginsoneandhalfanhourbeforeclasstime.HowToRegister:●Mail:fillouttheformonthelastpage,blackinkonly.●Besuretolisttheclassandgroupthatyouwant&thedates.DramaDays—$175EnteringGrades:GroupA:1st-2ndGroupB:3rd-5thTime:July2-July6●Createthesituationsandscenes●SHOWTIME—invitefamilyandfriendstoyourFridayShowcase!●Bringasacklunchanddrinkeachday!HotComedies—$175EnteringGrade:5thTime:July23-July27●Tellajoke!Learnwhyoldjokescanbethebest!●WorkwithyourclasstoputonaComedyShowforfamilyandfriends!Acting—JustActing—$225EnteringGrades:GroupA:1st-2ndGroupB:3rd-4thTime:August4-August8●Startwiththecharacters:Whoareyou?BetheStarofyourDreams.●Workwithyourclasstocreatetheplot.SummerScenes—$225EnteringGrades:5th-6thTime:August11-August15●Doyouwanttobeanactor?●Improveyourskillswithinstructionsfromprofessionalactors&directors.1.Whichofthefollowingclassessuitsthosewholovefunnystories?A.DramaDays. B.Acting—JustActing.C.HotComedies. D.SummerScenes.2.IfyouwanttoattendShowBizSummer2023,youshouldknowthat______.A.tuitionmustbepaidbeforeJuly2B.there’llberefundsifyoumisstheclassC.registrationbeginshalfanhourbeforeclasstimeD.studentshadbetternotgoaloneonthefirstday3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Abrochure. B.Aresearchpaper. C.Atextbook. D.Ahealthmagazine.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是介绍了ShowBizSummer2019的课程时间和内容安排。【1题详解】细节理解题。文章在第二种活动中提到“Tellajoke!Learnwhyoldjokescanbethebest!(讲个笑话!了解为什么老笑话可能是最好的!)”以及“WorkwithyourclasstoputonaComedyShow(和你们班的同学一起表演喜剧)”可知，对funnystories感兴趣可参加此项培训。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。从文章中“importantinformation”部分“Pleaseaccompanystudentstothefirstdayofclass.(请陪同学生到第一天上课。)”可知，学生要求有人陪伴。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文在“HowToRegister”部分中提到“fillouttheformonthelastpage,blackinkonly(请用黑色墨水笔填写最后一页的表格)”，说明该文章是节选自一个宣传册子的部分内容。故选A。BInthethirdgrade,ten-year-oldJanereadabookaboutpoaching(偷猎)theendangeredtigersandcuttingdownforestsatwill.ShetoldherfriendHoltaboutitandshereallywantedtohelpsavethetigers.Despitebeinginelementaryschool,thetwogirlshaveorganizedfundraisers(资金筹集).Duringtheirfirstyear,thegirlsraised$1,500tosavetigers.“Wewenttoazooandaskedifwecouldhelpanditbecamethishugefunthing.Weneverexpectedittogetsobig,”thegirlssaid.WhenJaneandHoltpitchedtheirideasinthezootoaskforfunds,theirtablewaspackedwithzooguestsallafternoon.Thisyear’sgoalis$2,500.WhatevertheyraisewillbematchedbytheZoologicalSocietyandallbedonated(捐赠)totheTigerProtectionFund.Ontopofhelpingtheanimal,thegirlswouldalsobeexcitedabouttheirnamestobeproudlypostedatthezoo’sentranceonasignwithotherdonors.“Ifwegetournamesonit,it’sgoingtofeellikebeingfamous,andit’sgoingtobelikeadreamcometrueforus,”Janesaid.Theysaidtheywereclosetotheirgoalandthezoocouldn’tbehappier.“Theirawarenessofwhat’shappeningtotigersandtheirwantingtoeducatepeopleonwhat’shappeningtotigersareunbelievable,”Kassner,ananimalexpert,said.“Threekindsoftigershavealreadydiedoutandtheremainingsixareallendangered.The‘TigerGirls’arebringingabigandpositiveeffectandwon’tbestoppinganytimesoon.”“I’msohappythatwe’vecomethisfar.Wecandothisnowthoughwe’reonlyfifthgradersandjustimaginewhatwecandointhefuture,”Holtsaid.4.WhatledJanetohavetheideaofsavingtigers?A.Thesupportofherschool. B.Herteacher’sencouragement.C.Thesuggestionfromherfriend. D.Herpersonalreadingexperience.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pitched”inparagraph3mean?A.Investigated. B.Accepted. C.Publicized. D.Considered.6.WhatdoesKassnerthinkaboutthetwogirls?A.Theyhavemadeagreatdifference.B.Theysucceedinstoppingpeoplepoaching.C.Theyenablepeopletofocusonschooleducation.D.Theyrealizedthedreamofbecomingwell-known.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethetwogirls?A.Proudandtraditional. B.Creativeandconfident.C.Seriousandhumorous. D.Courageousandcurious.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两个女孩组织募捐活动帮助拯救老虎的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inthethirdgrade,ten-year-oldJanereadabookaboutpoaching(偷猎)theendangeredtigersandcuttingdownforestsatwill.ShetoldherfriendHoltaboutitandshereallywantedtohelpsavethetigers.”（三年级时，十岁的简读了一本关于偷猎濒危老虎和随意砍伐森林的书。她把这件事告诉了她的朋友霍尔特，她真的很想帮助拯救老虎。）可知，简的个人阅读经历让她产生了拯救老虎的想法。故选D项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词句中“…toaskforfunds,theirtablewaspackedwithzooguestsallafternoon.”（……寻求资金时，她们的桌子上整个下午都挤满了动物园的客人。）可知，此处为当简和霍尔特在动物园里提出她们的想法以寻求资金时，她们的桌子上整个下午都挤满了动物园的客人。故可猜测划线单词pitched为“提出”的意思，结合选项，C项Publicized“宣传，提出”意思一致。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Theirawarenessofwhat’shappeningtotigersandtheirwantingtoeducatepeopleonwhat’shappeningtotigersareunbelievable,”Kassner,ananimalexpert,said.“Threekindsoftigershavealreadydiedoutandtheremainingsixareallendangered.The‘TigerGirls’arebringingabigandpositiveeffectandwon’tbestoppinganytimesoon.””（动物专家卡斯纳说：“她们意识到老虎正在发生什么，她们想要教育人们老虎正在发生什么，这令人难以置信。”“三种老虎已经灭绝，剩下的六种都濒临灭绝。‘虎女孩’正在带来巨大而积极的影响，而且短期内不会停止。”）可推知，卡斯纳认为这两个女孩带来了很大的改变。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Despitebeinginelementaryschool,thetwogirlshaveorganizedfundraisers(资金筹集).Duringtheirfirstyear,thegirlsraised$1,500tosavetigers.“Wewenttoazooandaskedifwecouldhelpanditbecamethishugefunthing.”（尽管还在上小学，这两个女孩已经组织了募捐活动。在第一年，女孩们为拯救老虎筹集了1500美元。“我们去了动物园，问能不能帮忙，这变成了一件非常有趣的事情。）以及第四段“Ontopofhelpingtheanimal,thegirlswouldalsobeexcitedabouttheirnamestobeproudlypostedatthezoo’sentranceonasignwithotherdonors.“Ifwegetournamesonit,it’sgoingtofeellikebeingfamous,andit’sgoingtobelikeadreamcometrueforus,”Janesaid.”（除了帮助这只动物，女孩们也会为自己的名字和其他捐赠者一起自豪地贴在动物园门口的牌子上而感到兴奋。简说：“如果我们把自己的名字印在上面，那感觉就像出名了，对我们来说就像梦想成真了。”）和最后一段““I’msohappythatwe’vecomethisfar.Wecandothisnowthoughwe’reonlyfifthgradersandjustimaginewhatwecandointhefuture,”Holtsaid.”（“我很高兴我们走了这么远。虽然我们现在只是五年级学生，但我们可以做到这一点，想象一下我们将来可以做什么。”霍尔特说。）可推知，这两个女孩是有创造力的，且十分自信的。故选B项。CCookingwithsteamisofgreatimportanceinChinesecuisine.It’soneofthebestwaystolocktheoriginalflavorsintheingredients.Vegetablesarehealthyandfulloffiber,andsteamingisaquickwaytocookthemwithoutusingmuchoil.Chinesecabbageisaperfectvegetabletosteam:tender,lessfibrousandmildlysweet.Thetendercabbagecanbesteameddirectlywithasimplesauceconsistingofgarlicpaste,soysauceandsugar.Rootvegetableslikesweetpotatoesarealsogreatforsteaming.Theycanbecutintothicksticksorslicesandthensteameduntilthecenterbecomessoft.Thinpiecesofcarrotscanbecoatedwithdryflourandthensteamed.Thisquickdishisusuallyservedwithgarlicpaste.Steamingfish,shrimpandcrabs,isallaboutpreservingtheoriginaltaste,sofreshnessistheabsoluteNo.1rulewhenweshopforseafoodtobesteamed.Forfinefoodfromariver,lakeorsea,theymustbefreshlycaughtthedayyoubuythem.Frozenfishisseldomsteameddirectly,becausetherecanbeastrongerfishysmellandtaste.Withalltheinternalorgansandscalesremovedandbloodcleaned,thefishispackedwithslicesofgingerandscallions(葱)thatcanreducethefishiness.It’sthenplacedinasteamerthathasbeenpreheatedtoboil,andcookedfor8to10minutesdependingonthesizeofthefish.Thefinalstepistoplacescallionsontopofthesteamedfish.Then,inasmallpot,heatupsomeoilandpouritacrossthebodyofthefishtohelptheflavorrelease.Next,drizzle(浇)acouplespoonsofseasonedsoysauceforseafoodaroundtheplateandserve.Wheneatingthefish,it’sbesttodipitinthesauceforthesweettaste.8.Whatistheadvantageofsteamingaccordingtothepassage?A.Lowcost. B.Sweettaste. C.Shiningappearance. D.Originalflavor.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Chinesecabbageissuitableforsteaming.B.SteamingisoftenoneofquickwaystocookvegetablesinChina.C.Gingerandscallionscanincreasethefishiness.D.Freshfishisbetterthanfrozenfishinsteaming.10.Whatistherightorderofmakingsteamedfishaccordingtothepassage?①Cleanthefish.②Steamthefish.③Drizzlesomesauce.④Poursomehotoilontothefish.⑤Packthefishwithsomegingerandscallions.A.①②③④⑤ B.①④⑤②③ C.①⑤④③② D.①⑤②④③11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Cookingmealswithsteam. B.Cookingseafoodinanewway.C.Advantagesofcookingwithsteam. D.Tipsforcookingsomedeliciousdishes.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国保持原汁原味的烹饪方式——蒸。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“CookingwithsteamisofgreatimportanceinChinesecuisine.It’soneofthebestwaystolocktheoriginalflavorsintheingredients.”（用蒸的方式烹饪在中国烹饪中非常重要。这是在配料中保持原有风味的最佳方法之一。）可知，根据短文可知，蒸的好处是保持原有风味。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Withalltheinternalorgansandscalesremovedandbloodcleaned,thefishispackedwithslicesofgingerandscallions(葱)thatcanreducethefishiness.”（鱼内脏、鳞片全部去除，血水洗净后，加入姜片和葱片，可以减少鱼腥味。）可知，姜片和葱片可以减少鱼腥味，C项“姜、葱可以增加腥味。”是错误的，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Withalltheinternalorgansandscalesremovedandbloodcleaned,thefishispackedwithslicesofgingerandscallionsthatcanneutralizethefishiness.It'sthenplacedinasteamerthathasbeenpreheatedtoboil,andcookedfor8to10minutesdependingonthesizeofthefish.Thefinalstepistoplacescallionsontopofthesteamedfish.Then,inasmallpot,heatupsomeoilandpouritacrossthebodyofthefishtohelptheflavorrelease.Next,drizzle(浇)acouplespoonsofseasonedsoysauceforseafoodaroundtheplateandserve.Wheneatingthefish,it'sbesttodipitinthesauceforthesweettaste.”（在去除所有内脏和鳞片并清除血液后，鱼中装满可以中和鱼腥味的姜片和葱片。然后将其放入蒸笼中，蒸笼预热至沸腾，根据鱼的大小烹调8至10分钟。最后一步是把葱放在蒸鱼上面。然后，在一个小锅里，加热一些油，把它倒在鱼身上，帮助释放味道。接下来是在盘子周围浇上几勺海鲜调味酱油，即可食用。吃鱼时，最好把它蘸在酱汁里，以尝到甜味。）可知，正确的顺序是①“把鱼洗干净”——⑤“在鱼里放些姜和葱”——②“蒸鱼”——④“在鱼上倒些热油”——③“淋些酱汁”，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“CookingwithsteamisofgreatimportanceinChinesecuisine.It'soneofthebestwaystolocktheoriginalflavorsintheingredients.”（用蒸的方式烹饪在中国烹饪中非常重要。这是在配料中保持原有风味的最佳方法之一。），第二段第一句“Vegetablesarehealthyandfulloffiber,andsteamingisaquickwaytocookthemwithoutusingmuchoil.”（蔬菜是健康的，富含纤维，蒸煮是一种不用太多油的快速烹饪方法。），第三段讲述了蒸鱼的正确顺序，由此可知，文章主要介绍了中国保持原汁原味的烹饪方式——蒸。所以这篇文章最好的标题是A项“用蒸的方式做饭”。故选A。DIt’sanattractiveidea:byplayingonlineproblem-solving,matchingandothergamesforafewminutesaday,peoplecanimprovesuchmentalabilitiesasreasoning,verbal(语言的)skillsandmemory.Butwhetherthesegamesdeliveronthosepromisesisupfordebate.Thisyear,inperhapsthebiggestreal-worldtestoftheseprograms,neuroscientists(神经学家)atCanada’sWesternUniversitygathered8,563volunteersgloballythroughCambridgeBrainSciences,aToronto-basedcompanythatprovidesassessmentstomeasurehealthybrainfunction.Participantsfilledoutanonlinequestionformabouttheirtraininghabits,opinionsabouttrainingbenefitsandwhich,ifany,programtheyused.Some1,009participantsreportedusingbraintrainingprogramsforabouteightmonths,onaverage,thoughthelengthoftimerangedfromtwoweekstomorethanfiveyears.Next,thevolunteerscompleted12mentaltestsaboutmemory,reasoningandverbalskills.Whenresearcherslookedattheresults,theysawthatbraintraineesonaveragehadnomentaledgeovertheothergroupinmemory,verbalskillsandreasoning.Evenamongthosewhohadusedtrainingprogramsforatleast18months,braintrainingdidn’tboostthinkingabilitiesabovethelevelofpeoplewhodidn’tusetheprograms.“Nomatterhowwedealtwiththedata,wewereunabletofindanyevidencethatbraintrainingwasassociatedwithmentalabilities,”saysaresearcher.Thatheldtruewhethertheteamanalyzedparticipantsbyage,programused,educationoreconomicsituation-allweresimilartothegroupwhodidn’tusetheprograms.However,braintrainingmaybebeneficialwhenitisconnectedwithrealproblemsinlife,researcherssay.Therealworldmaybethebestbraintrainer.Theysuggestthatwepracticethoseskillsindifferentreal-lifesituations.“That’samuchbetteruseofone’stimethansittingatacomputeranddoinglittletasks.”12.Howwerethe1,009testparticipantsdifferentfromtheothers?A.Theycompletedmorementaltests.B.Theyshowedbettermentalabilities.C.Theyfilledanonlinequestionform.D.Theyhadbraintrainingexperiences.13.Whichofthefollowingbestreplacestheunderlinedword“edge”inparagraph3?A.Advantage. B.Power.C.Illness. D.Control.14.Whatdotheresearcherssuggestaboutbraintraining?A.Itshouldprovidescientificdata.B.Itshouldpromoteonlineprograms.C.Itshouldsettleproblemsinlife.D.Itshouldbenefitmoreresearchers.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.DebateRaisedafterResearch?B.OnlineGamesBoostBrainpower?C.BiggestReal-worldTestEver?D.NewMethodforBrainTraining?【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，本文主要讲述了一项关于大脑训练的测验，结果表明，大脑训练对记忆力、语言技能、推理方面以及思维能力的提升没有作用，大脑训练与心智能力无关。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Some1,009participantsreportedusingbraintrainingprogramsforabouteightmonths,onaverage,thoughthelengthoftimerangedfromtwoweekstomorethanfiveyears.(大约1009名参与者报告说，他们使用大脑训练项目时间平均约为8个月，尽管时间长度从两周到五年多不等)”可知，1009个测试参与者与别人的不同之处在于他们有接受大脑训练的经历。故选D。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Evenamongthosewhohadusedtrainingprogramsforatleast18months,braintrainingdidn’tboostthinkingabilitiesabovethelevelofpeoplewhodidn’tusetheprograms.(即使在那些使用训练项目至少18个月的人当中，大脑训练对思维能力的提升也没有超过没有使用训练项目的人)”可知，大脑训练对思维能力的提升没有作用，由此可推知，画线词所在句意为“当研究人员查看结果时，他们发现接受大脑训练的人在记忆力、语言技能和推理方面平均没有比另一组人的智力优势”，edge意为“优势”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,braintrainingmaybebeneficialwhenitisconnectedwithrealproblemsinlife,researcherssay.Therealworldmaybethebestbraintrainer.Theysuggestthatwepracticethoseskillsindifferentreal-lifesituations.(然而，研究人员表示，当大脑训练与生活中的实际问题有关时，它可能是有益的。现实世界也许是最好的大脑训练器。他们建议我们在不同的现实生活中练习这些技能)”可知，研究人员建议大脑训练用于解决生活中的问题。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“It’sanattractiveidea:byplayingonlineproblem-solving,matchingandothergamesforafewminutesaday,peoplecanimprovesuchmentalabilitiesasreasoning,verbal(语言的)skillsandmemory.Butwhetherthesegamesdeliveronthosepromisesisupfordebate.(这是一个很有吸引力的想法：通过每天玩几分钟在线解题、配对和其他游戏，人们可以提高推理、语言能力和记忆力等心理能力。但这些游戏是否能兑现这些承诺还有待商榷)”可知，本文主要讲述了一项关于大脑训练的测验，结果表明，大脑训练对记忆力、语言技能、推理方面以及思维能力的提升没有作用，大脑训练与心智能力无关。B项“网络游戏提高智力？”适合作为文章标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theysayonceyoulearntorideabike,youneverforget.Mostofuslearnedtoridewhenwewerekids,andmanystillwearourhelmets,putourfeetonthepedals,andshootoffforarideonthestreets.Inrecenttimes,cyclinghasseenanincreaseinpopularity,somanypeopleraiseaquestion:___16___First,let’slookatthehealthbenefits.Cyclingcanimproveyourcardiovascular(心血管的)healthandburnextrabodyfat.Strengtheningyourmusclesinyourlegshelpsincreaseyourpotentialtorque(扭矩)andcadence(节奏).___17___Alongrideinthecountrysidecouldhelpyouclearyourmind,orde-stress.Butit’snotonlyaboutyourbodyandmindtherearealsosomeplussidesforyourwallet’shealth.Cyclingcanbeagreatwaytogotoworkorgetabouttown.___18___Ifyoudrivetowork,sometimesfindingsomewheretoparkcanbeanightmare,whereasfindingsomewheretochainyourbikeupcanbemuchsimpler.Then,onthesubway,therearechangesatstationsandotherpeoplewhogotoworkspeakingloudlyontheirphonestodealwith.___19___Andifyou’reworriedaboutsafety,therearedesignatedcyclelanesinmanymajorcities.Inaddition,wearinghigh-visibilityclothingisanotherwaytoimproveyoursafetywhencyclingontheroads.___20___Itcanhelpyoureduceyourcarbonfootprints.Notgivingoffgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphereisbetterfortheplanetandyourownenvironment.So,whetherpeoplewanttocyclefortheirhealth,theirwallet,theenvironment,oracombinationofallofthem—thepopularityofcyclingisontherise.A.Whatmakescyclingsoconvenient?B.Butcyclistsfaceneitheroftheseissues.C.Andpeoplewillchoosetogotoworkbycycling.D.Thiscansaveyoualotofmoneyonfuelorpublictransportation.E.Finally,cyclingcanalsobegoodfortheenvironment.F.Andthebenefitsfromcyclingaren’tjustphysical,butmentalaswell.G.Whatmakesitsoattractiveforpeopletotaketheirbikesonceagain?【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者从健康优势、费用与方便程度和环保这四个方面介绍了骑自行车出行的好处。【16题详解】根据上文“Inrecenttimes,cyclinghasseenanincreaseinpopularity,somanypeopleraiseaquestion(最近，骑自行车越来越受欢迎，所以很多人提出了一个问题)”以及下文对骑自行车出行的好处的介绍可知，本句应选择一个问句，针对骑自行车受欢迎提问。故G项“是什么如此吸引人们再一次骑上他们的自行车呢？”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“First,let’slookatthehealthbenefits.Cyclingcanimproveyourcardiovascular(心血管的)healthandburnextrabodyfat.Strengtheningyourmusclesinyourlegshelpsincreaseyourpotentialtorque(扭矩)andcadence(节奏).(首先，让我们看看它对健康的好处。骑自行车可以改善你的心血管健康，燃烧多余的脂肪。加强腿部肌肉有助于增加你的潜在扭矩和节奏)”以及后文“Alongrideinthecountrysidecouldhelpyouclearyourmind,orde-stress.(在乡下长途骑行可以帮助你理清思路，或减压)”可知，此处应是讲述骑自行车对心理健康的好处。F项“而且，骑自行车的好处不仅仅是身体上的，还有精神上的。”呼应上下文，符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“Cyclingcanbeagreatwaytogotoworkorgetabouttown.(骑自行车是上班或进城的好方法)”表明骑自行车是上班和在城市中四处闲逛的一种不错的出行方式，因此空处应是在解释为什么骑自行车是一种不错的出行方式。D项“这可以为你省下一大笔油钱或花在公共交通上的钱。”符合语境，其中的This指的是上文提到的骑自行车上班或在城市中四处闲逛。故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Ifyoudrivetowork,sometimesfindingsomewheretoparkcanbeanightmare,whereasfindingsomewheretochainyourbikeupcanbemuchsimpler.Then,onthesubway,therearechangesatstationsandotherpeoplewhogotoworkspeakingloudlyontheirphonestodealwith.(如果你开车去上班，有时找个地方停车可能是一场噩梦，而找个地方把你的自行车拴起来可能要简单得多。然后，在地铁上，车站有变化，其他上班的人大声打电话来应对)”提到了开车和坐地铁去上班会出现的问题，故B项“但骑自行车的人不会面临这两个问题。”与上文形成对比，强调骑自行车上班的好处，符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据后文“Itcanhelpyoureduceyourcarbonfootprints.Notgivingoffgreenhousegasesintotheatmosphereisbetterfortheplanetandyourownenvironment.(它可以帮助你减少碳足迹。不向大气中排放温室气体对地球和我们自己的环境都更好)”可知，本段主要讲述的是骑自行车对环境的好处。故E项“最后，骑自行车对环境也有好处。”符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。SeveralmonthsagoIvolunteeredatahospital.OnedayIwasassignedtodischarge(安排出院）apatient.Shehappenedtobeaphysicallyandmentally___21___youngwomanwhowaslimitedtoawheelchair.Shewas___22___inherlatetwentiesorearlythirties,butitwasdifficultto___23___AsIwas___24___heroffthefloor,downtheelevator,andoutofthefronthall,Icouldn't___25___thinking,"OhmyGod,herparentsmustbeso___26___.She'sinreallybadshape.Whatashame!Shemustneedconstant___27___,andwilllikelyrequireitfortherestofherlife."IfIwereherfather,Iwouldbeterriblyfrustrated.Then,asIcametotheareawherefamilyandfriends___28___dischargedpatients,Isawamanwhonoticedusandbeganwalkingquicklytowardsus.Ashegotcloser,hiseyesbecamebrightandhe___29___,saying,"Patricia,youlooksolovelytoday!You'refinallycominghome.Wecan't____30____tohaveyoubackhome!Wemissyousomuch!"Hecarefullyplacedhisdaughterinhiscar,saidthankyou,anddroveoff.Iwas____31____.MyeyesbegantofillwithtearsandIjuststoodthereforafewminutes,tryingtoprocesswhathadjust____32____.ThenIbegantothink,"WhathadImissedthere?HowcouldIhavebeensowrongaboutthefather?WhydidheandIhavesuchdifferent____33____towardshisdaughter?"IttookmedaystocomprehendwhatI'dfailedtounderstandwhenIwasevaluatingtheyoungwomanandherfather.NowIknowthetrue____34____ofunconditionallove,andwheneverIdealwithotherchildren's____35____,I'llthinkofPatriciaandherdad.21.A.healthy B.talented C.disabled D.tired22.A.obviously B.probably C.extremely D.absolutely23.A.accept B.express C.overcome D.tell24.A.leaving B.stopping C.wheeling D.running25.A.help B.admit C.allow D.mind26.A.happy B.bored C.disappointed D.proud27.A.discussion B.hope C.direction D.care28.A.lookafter B.dealwith C.seeoff D.pickup29.A.cried B.smiled C.shouted D.jumped30.A.prepare B.afford C.wait D.expect31.A.satisfied B.amazed C.pleased D.frightened32.A.arrived B.required C.disappeared D.happened33.A.opinions B.attitudes C.forms D.impressions34.A.importance B.strategy C.meaning D.ability35.A.adventures B.achievements C.processes D.shortcomings【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.C27.D28.D29.B30.C31.B32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在做志愿者时的见闻，对一位父亲快乐地接走自己身心残疾的女儿所产生的感悟。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她碰巧是一个身心残疾的年轻女子，只能坐在轮椅上。A.healthy健康的；B.talented有天赋的；C.disabled残疾的；D.tired疲劳的。根据后文“whowaslimitedtoawheelchair”可知，这是一位残疾的女子。故选C项【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她大概二十多岁或者三十出头，但是很难说。A.obviously明显的；B.probably很可能地，大概；C.extremely及其，非常；D.absolutely绝对的。因为作者作为志愿者，对病人并不是详细的了解，只是通过观察猜测，所以用“很可能；大概”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她大概二十多岁或者三十出头，但是很难说。A.accept接受；B.express表达；C.overcome克服；D.tell告诉，判断。因为作者作为志愿者，对病人并不是详细了解，只是通过观察猜测，所以说“很难判断”。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我推着她离开楼层，下电梯，走出前厅时，我禁不住想……A.leaving离开；B.stopping停止：C.wheeling推（拉）有轮之物，用有轮之物推（拉）动；D.running。根据前文“whowaslimitedtoawheelchair”可知，女子坐在轮椅里，所以是“推（轮椅）”使她离开。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我推着她离开地板，下电梯，走出前厅时，我禁不住想……A.help帮助；B.admit承认；C.allow允许；D.mind介意。can’thelp加动名词意为“禁不住做某事”，符合句意。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哦，天哪，她的父母一定很失望。A.happy高兴，快乐；B.bored厌烦的；C.disappointed失望的；D.proud骄傲的。根据后文“She'sinreallybadshape.Whatashame!Shemustneedconstant___7___,andwilllikelyrequireitfortherestofherlife.”可知，作者判断她的父母一定会很失望。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她必须得到持续的照顾，而且很可能在她的余生都需要这样的照顾。A.discussion讨论；B.hope希望；C.direction方向；D.care照顾。根据上文“She'sinreallybadshape.”以及前文描述可知，这女子残疾，状况非常糟糕，可以推断，她需要长期照顾。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后，当我来到家人和朋友接出院病人的地方时，我看到一个男人注意到了我们，开始朝我们快步走来。A.lookafter照顾，照看；B.dealwith处理；C.seeoff送别；D.pickup捡起，（开车）去接。根据“dischargedpatients,”及常识可知，作者作为志愿者把病人交给家人，所以，作者把病人送到接出院病人的地方。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他走近时，他的眼睛变得明亮，他微笑着说:“Patricia，你今天看起来真可爱！你终于要回家了……”A.cried哭喊；B.smiled微笑；C.shouted喊叫；D.jumped跳。根据前文“hiseyesbecamebright”以及后文父亲所说的话“youlooksolovelytoday!”等可知，父亲是“微笑着”的。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们等不及让你回家了！A.prepare准备；B.afford负担得起；C.wait等待；D.expect预料，期望。根据前文“You'refinallycominghome.”以及后文“Wemissyousomuch!”可知，父亲的意思是“等不及盼女儿回家”。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶。A.satisfied满意的；B.amazed吃惊的，惊讶的；C.pleased高兴的；D.frightened害怕的。根据后文“HowcouldIhavebeensowrongaboutthefather?WhydidheandIhavesuchdifferent___13___towardshisdaughter?”可知，残疾女子的父亲的言行和作者原来想的有如此大反差，所以作者是“惊讶的”。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛开始充满了泪水，我只是站在那里几分钟，努力反思刚才发生的事情。A.arrived到达；B.required要求；C.disappeared消失；D.happened发生。作者被刚刚发生的事儿感动了，这里应指“刚刚发生的事儿”故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始思考，“我错过了什么？我怎么原来会对孩子的父亲有如此错误的认识呢？为什么他和我对他的女儿的态度如此不同呢?”A.opinions意见；B.attitudes态度；C.forms形式；D.impressions印象。作者作为志愿者推着病人产生的思考和女子父亲接女儿回家的言行，都是对残疾女子的“态度”。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我懂得了无条件的爱的真正含义，每当我看待其他孩子的缺点时，我就会想起Patricia和她的爸爸。A.importance重要；B.strategy策略；C.meaning意义，含义，意思；D.ability能力。根据unconditionallove“”作者经过这件事，反思了数天，最终理解了无条件的爱的真正“含义”。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我懂得了无条件的爱的真正含义，每当我看待其他孩子的缺点时，我就会想起Patricia和她的爸爸。A.adventures冒险；B.achievements成就；C.processes进步；D.shortcomings缺点。因为作者所见是一位父亲快乐的接受身心残疾的女儿的感人故事，所以此处指，处理孩子“缺点”时，就会想起那位父亲。故选D