河南省南阳市六校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题（含答案解析）

2024—2025学年（上）南阳六校高一年级期中考试英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Gobikeriding.B.Meetafriend.C.Dosomewriting.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Listeningtosongs.B.Tastingdeliciousfood.C.Introducingthemselves.3.WhatcoloristheEnglishteacher'shair?A.Brown.B.Black.C.Grey.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablystudynextyear?A.History.B.Chemistry.C.Math.5.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Atthetrainstation.C.Atabookshop.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewenttoseeamovie.B.Shegotsomemoney.C.Shetookpartinagame.7.Whatdidthewomanwin?A.Abike.B.Abook.C.Acamera.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What'sthematterwithPaul?A.Hebrokethecar.B.Helosthisjob.C.Hecamehomelate.9.Whatdoesthemanspeakeroffertodo?A.Lendthewomansomemoney.B.Callthewoman'sson.C.Askhisbrotherforhelp.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wherewillthewomangotovisitheraunt?A.London.B.Oxford.C.Edinburgh.11.Whenisthewomanleaving?A.NextFriday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextSunday.12.Whatwillthemandonextweekend?A.Goonholiday.B.Callonhisgrandparents.C.Lookaftersomepets.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Attendaconcert.B.Goshopping.C.Watchamovie.14Howwillthespeakersgettotheplace?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.15.Whattimewillthespeakersmeet?A.At2:00pm.B.At4:00pm.C.At5:00pm.16.Whatwillthespeakerseat?A.Dumplings.B.Sandwiches.C.Potatochips.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhydidBrennagotoLondon?A.Tostudy.B.Totravel.C.Towork.18.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofwriting?A.Itiswell-paid.B.Itistiring.C.Itisfun.19.Whichcountrydidthespeakerandherhusbandfirstgotolastyear?A.Spain.B.Portugal.C.France.20.Whatdothespeakerandherhusbandplantodonextyear?A.Visittheirchildren.B.Buyacamper.C.StudyinMilan.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATeenswhoarejustabouttoenterhighschoolwillfaceaproblem-whichsporttochoose.Someteenagershaveneverbeeninvolvedinorganizedsportsandlotsofstressmaycomeintoplay.Ifthissoundslikeyourteen,encouragethemtotrythesportthatmostattractsthem.HereisalistofsomeofthetopfavoredsportsbyteenagersintheUSA.Basketball:Itisthemostpopularsportwithalmosthalfamilliongirlsplayinginschoolteams.Andmorethan5.8millionboysandgirlsplaycompetitively,choosingitastheirfavoritesportandplayinginschoolteams.It’sagoodteamsport.Americanfootball:Itisnolongerthenumberonesportplayedamongteenagers,mainlybecauseoftheriseofothersports.Someparentsbelieveittobeadangeroussportbut,withtherightcoachandenvironmentaswellastheequipment,itshouldbeperfectlysafetotakepartin.Volleyball:Itisexcellentforgirlsandisagoodgametoplayinateam.Itisthefifthfavoredsportforgirlsandtheygetconfidenceinthesport.It’salsoagoodideatoinvolvethemincompetitivevolleyball.Trackandfield:Ifyourteenlikesindividualsport,trackandfieldisgoodtotakepartin.Trackandfieldincludesrunning,throwingandjumping.Trackandfieldcanprovideachanceforalmostanyyouthtogetoutandcompete.1.WhatisthemainreasonforAmericanfootball’sbeinglessattractive?A.Itisconsideredadangeroussport. B.Othersportsgrowinpopularity.C.Ittakesuptoomuchofteenagers’time. D.Studentsarenolongerinterestedinteamsports.2.Whichsportcanhelpmakegirlsconfident?A.Basketball. B.Americanfootball. C.Volleyball. D.Trackandfield.3.Whoisthetextaimedat?A.Teenagers. B.Coaches. C.Teachers. D.Parents.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国青少年如何选择运动项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Itisnolongerthenumberonesportplayedamongteenagers,mainlybecauseoftheriseofothersports.(它不再是青少年最喜欢的运动，主要是因为其他运动的兴起。)”可知，美式足球变得不那么吸引人的主要原因是其他运动越来越受欢迎。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Itisexcellentforgirlsandisagoodgametoplayinateam.Itisthefifthfavoredsportforgirlsandtheygetconfidenceinthesport.(这对女孩来说是极好的，也是一个很好的团队游戏。这是女孩们第五喜欢的运动，她们对这项运动有信心。)”可知，排球让女孩自信。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifthissoundslikeyourteen,encouragethemtotrythesportthatmostattractsthem.(如果这听起来像你的孩子，鼓励他们尝试最吸引他们的运动。)”可知，这篇文章是针对父母的，故选D。BGustavoDudamelcomesbackforanothershow.It’sthefirstnightfortheLosAngelesPhilharmonicinCalifornia.Whenpeopleseetheconductor,thenoiseinsidetheWaltDisneyConcertHallgetslouder.Dudamelwalkstothestageandraiseshisheadandarms.ThegroupstartsplayingtheStarWarstheme.Attheend,peoplealljumpup.It’sthekindofresponseyou’dseeataconcertbyTaylorSwift,averypopularpopsinger.Dudamelsayslaterthatmusicisnotjustforfun.Itbringsustogetherevenifwecomeinfeelingverydifferent.UnderDudamel’sleadership,theLosAngelesPhilharmonichasspreadtheunitingpowerofmusicacrossdifferencesinmoney,class,colorandage.AnditsYouthOrchestraLosAngeles(YOLA)hasworkedwithmorethan1,500kids,givingtheminstrumentsandlessonssotheycanperform.Dudamelgrewupinaworking-classfamilyinVenezuela.Hismomwasasingingteacher.Hisdadplayedinaband.ButwhatwasmoreimportantforDudamel’smusicalgrowthwasElSistema,Venezuela’snationalclassicalmusiceducationandperformanceprogramforpoorkids.Dudameljoinedwhenhewas5.ItwasElSistemathatgavehimaviolinthreeyearslater.TheYOLAprogramstartedin2007,afterDudamelshowedElSistema’sworkinVenezuelatomembersoftheLosAngelesPhilharmonicorganization.Theroots(根)DudamelputdowninLosAngeleshavespreadfarbeyondDisneyHall.InOctober2021,theBeckmenYOLACenteropeneditsdoorsinInglewood,California.Theformerbankbuildinghadbeenturnedintoaplaceforlessons,recordingandperformance.Dudamelrememberssomeoneoncesaid:Theyoungmusiciansshouldn’tbesatisfiedwithaprogramthatisjust“goodenough”.Theyshouldbegiventhebestinstrumentsthebestteachers,andthemostinspiringplacestogrowanddowell.4.WhyisTaylorSwiftmentionedinparagraph1?A.ToshowDudamel’spopularity.B.Toleadinthetopictodiscuss.C.Toexplainthedifficultyinconducting.D.TocomparethedifferencesbetweenTaylorSwiftandDudamel.5.WhatisthepurposeofYOLA?A.Toofferchancestoadultmusicians. B.Togettheyouthofdifferentbackgroundstogether.C.Toprovidemusicaleducationfortheyoung. D.Tohelpschoolswithmusiclessons.6.WhathelpsmostinDudamel’smusicaldevelopment?A.Hisparents’experience. B.Hisnaturalabilityinmusic.C.TheYOLAprogram’ssupport. D.HisstudyinElSistema.7.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph4?A.TheYOLAprogramhasachievedmorethanexpected.B.Thebankbuildingwasperfectforperformance.C.TheDisneyHallcannotholdalloftheYOLAmembers.D.Californianeedsmoresupportforyoungmusicians.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了著名指挥家古斯塔沃•杜达梅尔的音乐事业和他对音乐的热爱以及他在洛杉矶爱乐乐团和YOLA计划中的贡献。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenpeopleseetheconductor,thenoiseinsidetheWaltDisneyConcertHallgetslouder.Dudamelwalkstothestageandraiseshisheadandarms.ThegroupstartsplayingtheStarWarstheme.Attheend,peoplealljumpup.It’sthekindofresponseyou’dseeataconcertbyTaylorSwift,averypopularpopsinger.(当人们看到指挥时，迪斯尼音乐厅里的噪音变得更大。杜达梅尔走到舞台上，抬起头和手臂。乐队开始演奏《星球大战》的主题曲。最后，大家都跳起来。这是你在非常受欢迎的流行歌手泰勒·斯威夫特的演唱会上看到的那种回应。)”可知，作者提到泰勒•斯威夫特是为了展示观众对杜达梅尔的反应与对泰勒•斯威夫特这种流行歌手的反应类似，从而体现出杜达梅尔的受欢迎程度，故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“UnderDudamel’sleadership,theLosAngelesPhilharmonichasspreadtheunitingpowerofmusicacrossdifferencesinmoney,class,colorandage.AnditsYouthOrchestraLosAngeles(YOLA)hasworkedwithmorethan1,500kids,givingtheminstrumentsandlessonssotheycanperform.(在杜达梅尔的领导下，洛杉矶爱乐乐团跨越了金钱、阶级、肤色和年龄的差异，传播了音乐的团结力量。它的洛杉矶青年管弦乐团已经与1500多名孩子合作，为他们提供乐器和课程，以便他们能够表演。)”可知，YOLA的目的是为年轻人提供音乐教育。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ButwhatwasmoreimportantforDudamel’smusicalgrowthwasElSistema,Venezuela’snationalclassicalmusiceducationandperformanceprogramforpoorkids.Dudameljoinedwhenhewas5.ItwasElSistemathatgavehimaviolinthreeyearslater.(但对杜达梅尔的音乐成长更重要的是委内瑞拉为贫困儿童提供的国家古典音乐教育和表演项目ElSistema。杜达梅尔5岁时加入。三年后，是ElSistema给了他一把小提琴。)”可知，对杜达梅尔的音乐发展帮助最大的是他在ElSistema的学习，故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“TheYOLAprogramstartedin2007,afterDudamelshowedElSistema’sworkinVenezuelatomembersoftheLosAngelesPhilharmonicorganization.Theroots(根)DudamelputdowninLosAngeleshavespreadfarbeyondDisneyHall.InOctober2021,theBeckmenYOLACenteropeneditsdoorsinInglewood,California.(YOLA项目始于2007年，当时杜达梅尔向洛杉矶爱乐乐团的成员展示了ElSistema在委内瑞拉的作品。杜达梅尔在洛杉矶的根基已经远远超出了迪士尼大厅。2021年10月，贝克曼YOLA中心在加利福尼亚州英格伍德开业。)”可知，YOLA计划已经在洛杉矶生根发芽，并且超出了迪士尼音乐厅的范围，在加利福尼亚州英格尔伍德开设了新的中心，这说明YOLA计划取得了比预期更多的成就，故选A。CMorethanabillionyoungpeopleacrosstheworlddon’thaveanInternetconnection.Thatfactisholdingbackglobal(全球的)change,saystheWorldWideWebinventor,SirTimBerners-Lee.InaletterhehaswrittenfortheWeb’s32ndbirthdaytoday,SirTimiscallingforaglobalpushtoconnectallyoungpeoplesafelytotheInternet.SirTim’sletterrepliestoareportfromUnitedNationsChildren’sFund(UNICEF)attheendoflastyear,whichshowedtwo-thirdsoftheworld’sschool-agechildren-1.3billionchildrenaged3to17-don’thaveanInternetconnectionintheirhomes.ThefearisthatthisnotenoughInternetaccess(机会)couldcostthemtheirfuturesbyseparatingthemfromtheworld,andkeepingeducationoutofreach.UNICEFsaysadigitaldividemeanschildrenandyoungpeoplefromthepoorestfamiliesandcountriesaremissingout.Anditisconcernedthatthesechildrenarefallingevenfurtherbehindotherchildren,withverylittleopportunitytocatchup.Today’sletter,publishedbySirTimandRosemaryLeithfromtheWebFoundation,stressesyoungleaderswhoareusingdigitaltechnologytotacklesomeoftheworld’sproblemslikeinequality,environmentalissuesandotherglobalchallenges.ButRosemarysaystheseopportunitiesneedtobeopentoall:“Ifhalfofyoungpeopleareunabletousethetoolstodevelopinadigitalworld-tolearnnewskills,runbusinesses,andbuildcommunities-societyasawholewillmissoutontheirabilities,ideasandefforts.”SirTimisalsocallingontechcompaniesandgovernmentstoworkonwaystoprotectyoungpeoplefromharmonlineandmakeyoungpeople’srightsandwell-beingatoppriority(优先事项).8.HowdoesSirTimfindthefactthatmanyyoungpeoplelivewithouttheInternet?A.Worrying. B.Satisfying. C.Strange. D.Acceptable.9.WhatisUNICEFworriedabout?A.TheslowdevelopmentoftheInternet.B.ThehighcostofInternetconnectionforcommonfamilies.C.Theinfluenceofthedigitalproductsonchildren’shealth.D.Thewideningdifferencesindigitalaccessbetweenthepoorandtherich.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tackle”inparagraph4mean?A.Check. B.Record. C.Understand. D.Solve.11.WhatdoRosemary’swordsshow?A.Digitaltoolsshouldbeusedineducatingstudents.B.Theabilitiesandideasofyoungpeoplewillbenefitsociety.C.Digitaltoolsarethemostimportantinlearningnewskills.D.Internetsupportshouldbeseriouslyconsideredbythegovernment.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了万维网发明者蒂姆·伯纳斯-李针对全球三分之一学龄儿童无法在家上网这一问题，呼吁全球共同推动所有年轻人安全上网，并强调数字技术对于解决全球问题的重要性，同时要求科技公司和政府优先保护年轻人免受网络伤害。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“InaletterhehaswrittenfortheWeb’s32ndbirthdaytoday,SirTimiscallingforaglobalpushtoconnectallyoungpeoplesafelytotheInternet.(今天，蒂姆爵士为互联网32岁生日写了一封信，他呼吁全球推动所有年轻人安全上网。)”可知，蒂姆爵士认为许多年轻人没有互联网的生活是令人担忧的。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“UNICEFsaysadigitaldividemeanschildrenandyoungpeoplefromthepoorestfamiliesandcountriesaremissingout.Anditisconcernedthatthesechildrenarefallingevenfurtherbehindotherchildren,withverylittleopportunitytocatchup.(联合国儿童基金会表示，数字鸿沟意味着来自最贫困家庭和国家的儿童和年轻人被排除在外。令人担忧的是，这些孩子比其他孩子落后得更远，几乎没有机会赶上来。)”可知，联合国儿童基金会担心的是穷人和富人在数字接入方面的差距越来越大，故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“stressesyoungleaderswhoareusingdigitaltechnologyto(强调了利用数字技术……的年轻领导)”以及后文“someoftheworld’sproblemslikeinequality,environmentalissuesandotherglobalchallenges(世界上的一些问题，如不平等、环境问题和其他全球性挑战)”可知，发表的信中主要强调利用数字技术解决世界问题的年轻领导。故划线词意思是“处理”，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“ButRosemarysaystheseopportunitiesneedtobeopentoall:“Ifhalfofyoungpeopleareunabletousethetoolstodevelopinadigitalworld-tolearnnewskills,runbusinesses,andbuildcommunities-societyasawholewillmissoutontheirabilities,ideasandefforts.”(但罗斯玛丽说，这些机会需要向所有人开放：“如果一半的年轻人不能使用这些工具在数字世界中发展——学习新技能、经营企业和建立社区——整个社会将错过他们的能力、想法和努力。”)”可知，罗兹玛丽的话表明年轻人的能力和想法将造福社会，故选B。DAstheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)says,toavoidatoo-hotworld,weneedtodoallwecanrightnowtocontrolgreenhousegasemissions(排放).Thefashionindustrymakesupto10%ofglobalemissions-morethanaviationandshipping.Italsocausesotherproblems,likebiodiversityloss,pollution,landfillproblemsandunsafework.It’snotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavechangedtheirclothesforacrisis(危机).DuringWorldWarII,clothingstylesintheUKandAustraliachanged.Withtheaimofsavingenergy,shortskirts,littledetailandafocusonusefulnessbecamenormal.Now,thebestthingwecandoisbuyfewernewclothesandwearthemlongerbycontrollingourdesire.Australiansbuyalotofclothing,about56piecesayear.ThatmakesthemthesecondbiggestcountryaftertheUSA,whosepeoplebuymanyclothes.Clothingpriceshavedroppedalotinthepastfewyearsandpeoplehavemoreclothes.TheHotorCoolInstituteinBerlinsaysawardrobe(衣柜)of74piecesofclothing(includingshoesbutnotunderwear)isenoughforpeopleinatwo-seasonclimateand85forthoseinafour-seasonclimatelikemostAustralians.Ifwebuy10to12newthingsayear,wecanreplaceourclothinginaboutsevenyears.Ifwecareaboutsustainable(可持续的)development,weneedtochangeourchoicesthatdon’tfittheclimatecrisis.Clothesshouldshowaperson’ssituationandidentity.Thismightmeanourclotheschangeaswemakedifferentbuyingdecisions,likeinWorldWarII.Wemightlookdifferent,butthatchangeshowsourvaluesinaction.12.Whatdoestheauthorstressinthefirstparagraph?A.Theproblemswiththefashionindustry.B.Thebadinfluencesofgreenhousegasemissions.C.Theimportanceofreducinggreenhousegases.D.Thenecessityofdevelopingthefashionindustry.13.WhywereclothingstyleschangedduringWorldWarIIintheUK?A.Tofollowthefashion. B.Tosaveenergy.C.Toincreaseclothingproduction. D.Todevelopahealthierlifestyle.14.WhatdoestheBerlin-basedHotorCoolInstitutesuggestdoing?A.Avoidingbuyingexpensiveclothes. B.Clearingupone’swardrobeintime.C.Controllingthenumberofclotheswebuy. D.Replacingone’swardrobewhennecessary.15.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShopLessandDressProperlyB.WearWiselyandLiveSustainablyC.HowManyClothesShouldWeBuyEveryYear?D.WhatShouldWeWeartoCutGreenhouseGasEmissions?【答案】12A13.B14.C15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。时装行业的排放量占全球排放量的10%，给应对气候危机带来了很大压力，作者在文章中提倡改变价值观念，减少衣物的购买和浪费，过可持续的生活。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thefashionindustrymakesupto10%ofglobalemissions-morethanaviationandshipping.Italsocausesotherproblems,likebiodiversityloss,pollution,landfillproblemsandunsafework.(时装业的排放量占全球排放量的10%，比航空业和航运业还要多。它还造成其他问题，如生物多样性丧失、污染、垃圾填埋问题和不安全的工作)”可知，作者在第一段中强调了时装行业带来的问题。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“DuringWorldWarII,clothingstylesintheUKandAustraliachanged.Withtheaimofsavingenergy,shortskirts,littledetailandafocusonusefulnessbecamenormal.(第二次世界大战期间，英国和澳大利亚的服装风格发生了变化。为了节约能源，短裙、小尾巴和注重实用性成为了一种常态)”可知，二战期间英国的服装风格发生变化是为了节约能源。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheHotorCoolInstituteinBerlinsaysawardrobe(衣柜)of74piecesofclothing(includingshoesbutnotunderwear)isenoughforpeopleinatwo-seasonclimateand85forthoseinafour-seasonclimatelikemostAustralians.Ifwebuy10to12newthingsayear,wecanreplaceourclothinginaboutsevenyears.(柏林的冷热研究所表示，74件衣服（包括鞋子但不包括内衣）的衣橱（衣柜）对于两季气候的人来说足够了，而对于像大多数澳大利亚人这样四季气候的人来说，85件衣服就足够了。如果我们每年买10到12件新东西，我们可以在大约7年内更换我们的衣服)”可知，总部位于柏林的冷热研究所的建议侧重于限制衣服的数量。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Ifwecareaboutsustainable(可持续的)development,weneedtochangeourchoicesthatdon’tfittheclimatecrisis.Clothesshouldshowaperson’ssituationandidentity.Thismightmeanourclotheschangeaswemakedifferentbuyingdecisions,likeinWorldWarII.Wemightlookdifferent,butthatchangeshowsourvaluesinaction.(如果我们关心可持续发展，我们就需要改变与气候危机不相符的选择。衣服应该显示一个人的处境和身份。这可能意味着当我们做出不同的购买决定时，我们的衣服会发生变化，就像第二次世界大战一样。我们可能看起来不同，但这种变化表明我们的价值观在行动)”可知，文章主要是讲为了应对气候危机，我们需要改变价值观念，减少衣物的购买和浪费，过可持续的生活，B项“明智穿着，可持续生活”符合文意。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everythingthatisstressfulintheworldkeepsyouup.____16____.Almost40%ofpeopleworldwidehavereportedsleepproblemsoverthepasttwoyears.It’snormaltowakeupatnight,butbadnewscankeepyourmindactiveandmakeithardtofallbackasleep.Simplestepscanhelp.☆Testyourpillow(枕头)Ifyouboughtyourpillowtheyearbeforelastyear,it’salreadyold.Itissuggestedthatyoushouldreplaceiteveryonetotwoyears.Apillowpastitsbesttimecancauseneckpainandgiveyourbrainpainsignals(信号),resultinginrestlesssleep.____17____.☆GetanhourofsunlighteachdayMorningsunlightisimportantforgoodsleep.Itcontrolstheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)inyourbrain.____18____.Aimfor15to30minutesofdirectlightfirstthingandtwo15-minuteoutdoorbreaksduringtheday.Thelighttellsyourbrainthatit'stimetobeawake.☆____19____Inastudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepproblemsfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragetoilettripsreducedfromtwiceanighttoonce.Andthosewhoatemoresaltwokeupmoreoftentogotothebathroom.☆Solveyourtroublesbeforedinner____20____.Heateddiscussionsarelesslikelytoinfluenceyoursleepifyoustartthemearlier.Argumentscanactivateyoursympatheticnervoussystem,whichinfluencessleep.Someresearchevensuggeststhatgoingtobedangrymaymakeyoubad-tempered(坏脾气的)thenextmorning.A.AvoidsaltyfoodsbeforebedB.HavesomedeliciousfoodfordinnerC.ThishelpskeepawayfromtiringmorningfeelingD.ItisnowondermanyofusarestrugglingtosleepE.WeusuallywakeupmoreandgetlesssleepoverallF.Ifyouneedtoargueaboutaproblem,don’twaituntilnightG.Whenyourbrainisreceivingpainsignals,itcan’tsendsleepsignalsatthesametime【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助睡眠的建议。【16题详解】上文“Everythingthatisstressfulintheworldkeepsyouup.(世界上任何有压力的事情都会让你睡不着。)”以及下文“Almost40%ofpeopleworldwidehavereportedsleepproblemsoverthepasttwoyears.(在过去两年中，全球近40%的人报告了睡眠问题。)”说明任何有压力的事情都会让你睡不着，世界上有很多人都有睡眠问题，选项D“难怪我们很多人都难以入睡”承接上文，任何有压力的事情都会导致睡不着，有很多人难以入睡，同时引出下文，故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Apillowpastitsbesttimecancauseneckpainandgiveyourbrainpainsignals(信号),resultinginrestlesssleep.(过了最佳使用时间的枕头会引起颈部疼痛，并向你的大脑发出疼痛信号，导致睡眠不安稳。)”说明旧枕头会引起颈部疼痛，向大脑发出疼痛信号，导致睡不好，选项G“当你的大脑接收疼痛信号时，它不能同时发送睡眠信号”承接上文，对上文进行进一步解释，旧枕头引起颈部疼痛，向大脑发出疼痛信号，却不能同时发送睡眠信号，因此会导致睡不好。故选G项。【18题详解】上文“Morningsunlightisimportantforgoodsleep.Itcontrolstheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)inyourbrain.(早晨的阳光对良好的睡眠很重要。它控制大脑中褪黑激素的产生。)”说明早上的阳光控制大脑中褪黑激素的产生，有助于睡眠，选项C“这有助于避免早晨疲劳的感觉”承接上文，早上的阳光可以避免早上的疲劳，故选C项。【19题详解】下文“Inastudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepproblemsfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragetoilettripsreducedfromtwiceanighttoonce.Andthosewhoatemoresaltwokeupmoreoftentogotothebathroom.(在一项研究中，研究人员对321名有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查。当人们减少盐的摄入量时，他们平均每晚上厕所的次数从两次减少到一次。而那些吃更多盐的人更频繁地醒来去洗手间。)”说明睡前避免吃含盐的食物有助于减少夜间上厕所的次数，选项A“睡前避免吃含盐的食物”能概括内容，为本段最佳小标题，故选A项。【20题详解】下文“Heateddiscussionsarelesslikelytoinfluenceyoursleepifyoustartthemearlier.Argumentscanactivateyoursympatheticnervoussystem,whichinfluencessleep.(如果你早点开始，激烈的讨论不太可能影响你的睡眠。争吵会激活你的交感神经系统，从而影响睡眠。)”说明激烈的争论会影响睡眠，要在睡前解决问题，选项F“如果你需要争论一个问题，不要等到晚上”引出下文，争论不要等到晚上，如果早点开始，睡前解决问题就不会影响睡眠。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Today,IhadanexperiencethatIwouldneverforget.Iwenttothegasstationtofillupmycar,butwhenItriedtopaywithmyphone,Ifounditwas____21____.IgotreallyworriedbecauseIdidn’thaveanycash(现金)orcards,justemptypockets.Thegasstationworker____22____meandgavemea____23____,saying,“Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____24____later.”Feelingabitbetter,Istartedlookingformyphone.____25____,Iwastoldthatamanfounditand____26____togiveitback.Heaskedmetomeethimatanearbystore.ButhowcouldI____27____himwithoutaphone?Thatwaswhentwopeoplewalkingbysawmy____28____.TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.____29____,Imetthepersonwhofoundmyphone,andgotmyphoneback_____30_____.Itwassucharelief!Iwasso_____31_____tothegasstationworkerandthetwo_____32_____wholentmetheirphone.Theydidn’tknowme,buttheystill_____33_____.Itshowedmethatevenwhenthingsgetreallyhard,peoplecanstillbe_____34_____.Sometimes,it’ssuchsmallthingsthat_____35_____thebestinpeopleandremindusthatanyonecanbegood.21.A.broken B.gone C.busy D.dead22.A.challenged B.served C.remembered D.noticed23.A.warning B.chance C.smile D.task24.A.check B.answer C.leave D.pay25.A.Still B.Instead C.Fortunately D.Naturally26.A.forgot B.offered C.regretted D.refused27.A.contact B.interview C.remind D.attract28.A.target B.failure C.mistake D.trouble29.A.Fromthenon B.Intheend C.Atfirst D.Asusual30.A.successfully B.bravely C.hurriedly D.suddenly31.A.fair B.nice C.polite D.thankful32.A.friends B.neighbors C.strangers D.workers33.A.helped B.mattered C.agreed D.understood34.A.humble B.kind C.flexible D.responsible35.A.turndown B.lookfor C.bringout D.dependon【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加油站的工作人员和路过的两个陌生人帮助作者找回自己丢失的手机的故事，告诉我们即使事情变得非常艰难，人们仍然可以善良。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去加油站给我的车加油，但当我想用手机付款时，我发现手机不见了。A.broken损坏的；B.gone不在某处的，不见的；C.busy忙的；D.dead不工作的。根据后文“Findyourphonefirst.”和“Istartedlookingformyphone”可知，作者的手机不见了。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：加油站的工作人员注意到了我，对我笑了笑，说：“先找到你的手机。别担心，你可以以后再付钱。”A.challenged挑战；B.served服务；C.remembered记得；D.noticed注意。根据后文“meandgavemea____3____,saying”可知，工作人员注意到了作者的困境。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：加油站的工作人员注意到了我，对我笑了笑，说：“先找到你的手机。别担心，你可以以后再付钱。”A.warning警告；B.chance机会；C.smile微笑；D.task任务。根据后文“saying,‘Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____4____later.’”可知，工作人员让作者别担心，可以先找手机，然后再付钱，由此推知，这个工作人员微笑着宽慰作者。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：加油站的工作人员注意到了我，对我笑了笑，说：“先找到你的手机。别担心，你可以以后再付钱。”A.check检查；B.answer回答；C.leave离开；D.pay付款。根据前文“butwhenItriedtopaywithmyphone,Ifounditwas____1____.IgotreallyworriedbecauseIdidn’thaveanycashorcards,justemptypockets.”可知，作者加完油要付钱的时候，手机不见了，又没有现金或卡，由此推知，加油站的工作人员允许作者先找到手机后再付钱。故选D项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有人告诉我，发现了它并愿意把它还给我。A.Still仍然，还；B.Instead代替，反而；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Naturally自然地。根据后文“Iwastoldthatamanfounditand____6____togiveitback.”可知，有人告诉作者发现了手机，并愿意把手机还给作者，这是幸运的。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有人告诉我发现了它并愿意把它还给我。A.forgot忘记；B.offered表示愿意；C.regretted懊悔；D.refused拒绝。根据后文“Heaskedmetomeethimatanearbystore.”和“Imetthepersonwhofoundmyphone,andgotmyphoneback”可知，发现手机的人约见作者，还了手机，故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是没有电话我怎么联系他呢？A.contact联系；B.interview采访，面试；C.remind提醒；D.attract吸引。根据后文“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”可知，陌生人借给作者手机让他联系那个人，由此推知，作者担心没手机没法联系要见面的捡到手机的人。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，两个路过的人看到了我的麻烦。A.target目标；B.failure失败；C.mistake错误；D.trouble麻烦，烦恼。根据前文“ButhowcouldI____7____himwithoutaphone?”可知，作者担心没手机没法联系那个人，由此推知，两个路人看到了作者的麻烦。故选D项。【29题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，我遇到了捡到我手机的人，并成功地拿回了我的手机。A.Fromthenon从那时起；B.Intheend最后，终于；C.Atfirst首先，最初；D.Asusual像往常一样。根据前文“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”以及后文“Imetthepersonwhofoundmyphone,andgotmyphoneback”可知，作者经历了很多困难，最后，遇到捡手机的人并找回了手机。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我遇到了捡到我手机的人，并成功地拿回了我的手机。A.successfully成功地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.suddenly突然。根据后文“Itwassucharelief!”可知，作者松了口气，由此推知，作者成功地拿回了自己丢失的手机。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给我的陌生人。A.fair公平的；B.nice美好的；C.polite礼貌的；D.thankful感谢的。根据前文“Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____4____later.”和“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”可知，加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给我的陌生人都帮助了作者成功找回手机，由此推知，作者非常感谢他们。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给我的陌生人。A.friends朋友；B.neighbors邻居；C.strangers陌生人；D.workers工作人员。根据后文“Theydidn’tknowme”可知，他们不认识作者，因此是陌生人。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不认识我，但他们还是帮了我。A.helped帮助；B.mattered重要，要紧；C.agreed同意；D.understood理解。根据前文“wholentmetheirphone”可知，两个陌生人借给作者手机，由此推知，他们帮助了作者。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它告诉我，即使事情变得非常艰难，人们仍然可以善良。A.humble谦虚的；B.kind善良的；C.flexible灵活的；D.responsible负责的。根据前文“Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____4____later.”和“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”可知，加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给作者的陌生人都帮助了作者成功找回手机，由此推知，人们是善良的。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时候，正是这样的小事激发了人们最好的一面，提醒我们任何人都可以成为好人。A.turndown拒绝；B.lookfor寻找；C.bringout激发，使显出；D.dependon依靠，依赖。根据后文“thebestinpeople