2024-2025学年北京通州区高一（上）期末英语试卷

第2页/共7页2025北京通州高一（上）期末英语2025年1月本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABicycleSafetyOperationAlwaysrideyourbikeinasafe,controlledmanneroncampus.Obeyrulesandregulations(规章制度).Watchoutforwalkersandotherbicyclists,andalwaysuseyourlightsindarkconditions.Theft(偷窃)PreventionAlwayslockyourbicycletoabicyclerack—evenifyouareonlyawayforaminute.RegisteryourbikewiththeUniversityDepartmentofPublicSafety.It'sfast,easy,andfree.Registrationrecordsyourserialnumber(编号),whichisusefulinthepossiblerecoveryofthebikestolen.EquipmentBrakesMakesurethattheyareingoodworkingorder.HelmetMakesureyourhelmetmeetssafetystandardsandfitsproperly.LightsAlwayshaveafrontheadlight—visibleatleast500feetinfrontofthebike.Ataillightisagoodidea.RulesoftheRoadRidingonCampusAsabicyclerider,youhavearesponsibilitytorideonlyonstreetsandpostedbicyclepaths.Ridingonsidewalksorotherwalkwayscanleadtoafine(罚款).Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.Alwaysgivetherightofwaytowalkers.Ifyouareinvolvedinanaccident,youarerequiredtoofferappropriateaid,calltheDepartmentofPublicSafetyandremainthereuntiltheofficerletsyougo.BicycleParkingOnlyparkinareasreservedforbike.Trees,handrails,hallwaysandsignpostsarenotforbicycleparking,andparkinginsuchplacescanresultinafine.IfThingsGoWrongIfyoubreaktherules,youwillbefined.Besidesviolating(违反)ruleswhileridingbicyclesoncampus,youcouldbefinedfor:Nobicycleregistration……………$25Bicycleparkingbanned(禁止)……$30Blockingpathwithbicycle……$40Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement………$351.RegistrationofyourbicyclemayhelpyouA.getyourserialnumberBshareideaswithothersC.findyourstolenbicycleD.receivefreerepairservices2.Whenyourideabicycleonthecampus,A.rideataspeedofover15mphB.putthewalkers'rightofwayfirstavoidmeetingtheofficerD.rideonpostedbicyclepathsandsidewalks3.Ifyoulockyourbicycletoatreeonthecampus,youcouldbefinedA.$40B.$35C.$30D.$254.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Rulesfordrivingcarsoncampus.B.Regulationsofbicycleraceoncampus.C.Directionsforbicycletouroncampus.D.Aguideforsafebicyclingoncampus.BBradclosedthedoorslowlyasSuelefthometovisithermother.Expectingawholedaytorelax,hewasthinkingwhethertoreadthenewspaperorwatchhisfavouriteTVtalkshowonhisfirstdayoffinmonths.“Thiswillbelikeawalkinthepark,”he’dtoldhiswife.“I’lllookafterthekids,andyoucangovisityourmom.”Thingsstartedwell,butjustaftereighto’clock,histhreelittle“goodkids”——Mike,Randy,andAlex—camedownthestairsintheirnightclothesandshouted“breakfast,daddy.”Whenfoodhadnotappearedwithinthirtyseconds,RandybeganusinghisspoononAlex'sheadasifitwereadrum.Alexstartedtoshoutloudlyintimetothebeat.Mikechanted“Where'smytoast,where'smytoast”inthebackground.Bradrealisedhisnewspaperwouldhavetowaitforafewseconds.Lifebecameworseafterbreakfast.MikeworeRandy’sunderwearonhishead.Randylockedhimselfinthebathroom,whileAlexshoutedagainbecausehewasgoingtowethispants.Nobodycouldfindcleansocks,althoughtheywerebeforetheirveryeyes.Someonenamed“NotMe”hadspilledawholeglassoforangejuiceintothebasketofcleanclothes.Bradknewthetalkshowhadalreadystarted.Byteno’clock,thingswereoutofcontrol.Alexwaswonderingwhythefishinthejarrefusedhisbreadandbutter.Mikewastryingtoshowoffhistalentbydecoratingthekitchenwallwithhiscolourpencils.Randy,thankfully,appearedtobereadingquietlyinthefamilyroom,butcloserexaminationshowedthathewaseatingapplejamstraightfromthebottlewithhishands.Bradrealisedthatthetalkshowwasoverandreadingwouldbeimpossible.Atexactly11:17,Bradcalledthedaycarecentre.“Isuddenlyhavetogointoworkandmywife'saway.CanIbringtheboysoverinafewminutes?”Theanswerwasobviously“yes”becauseBradwassmiling.5.Whenhiswifelefthome,Bradexpectedto.A.enjoyhisfirstdayoffworkB.gooutforawalkintheparkC.readthenewspapertohischildrenD.watchtheTVtalkshowwithhischildren6.WhichofthefollowingdidRandydo?A.Readinginaroom.B.Drawingonthewall.CFeedingthefish.D.Eatingapplejam.7.WhydidBradaskthedaycarecentreforhelp?A.Becausehesuddenlyhadtogotohisoffice.B.Becausehehadtotakehiswifebackhome.C.Becausehefoundithardtomanagehisboys.DBecausehewantedtocleanuphishouse.CWomenarefriendly.Butmenaremorecompetitive.Why?Researchershavefoundit'salldowntothehormoneoxytocin(荷尔蒙催生素).Althoughknownasthelovehormone,affectsthesexesdifferently.“Womentendtobesocialintheirbehavior.Theyoftensharewithothers.Butmentend1becompetitive.Theyaretryingtoimprovetheirsocialstatus(地位),”saidProfessorRyan.Generally,peoplebelievethatthehormoneoxytocinisletoutinourbodyinvarioussocialsituationsandourbodycreatesalargeamountofitduringpositivesocialinteractions(互动)suchasfallinginloveorgivingbirth.Butinaprevious(先前的)experimentProfessorRyanfoundthatthehormoneisalsoletoutinourbodyduringnegativesocialinteractionssuchasenvy(嫉妒).Furtherresearchesshowedthatinmenthehormoneoxytocinimprovestheabilitytorecognizecompetitiverelationships,butinwomenitraisestheabilitytorecognizefriendship.ProfessorRyan'srecentexperimentused62menandwomenaged20to37.Halfoftheparticipants(参与者)receivedoxytocin.Theotherhalfreceivedplacebo(安慰剂).Afteraweek,thetwogroupsswitchedwithparticipants.Theywentthroughthesameprocedurewiththeothermaterial.Followingeachtreatment,theywereshownsomevideopictureswithdifferentsocialinteractions.Thentheywereaskedtoanalyzetherelationshipsbyansweringsomequestions.Thequestionswereabouttellingfriendshipfromcompetition.Andtheiranswersshouldbebasedonbodylanguage.Theresultssuggestedthat,aftertreatmentwithoxytocin,men'sabilitytocorrectlyrecognizecompetitiverelationshipsimproved,butinwomenitwastheabilitytocorrectlyrecognizefriendshipthatgotbetter.ProfessorRyanthusconcluded:“Ourexperimentproves(证明)thatthehormoneoxytocincanraisepeople’sabilitiestobetterdistinguish(区分)differentsocialinteractions.Andthebehaviordifferencesbetweenmenandwomenarecausedbybiologicalfactorsthataremainlyhormonal.”8.Whatcausesmenandwomentobehavedifferentlyaccordingtothetext?A.Bodylanguage.B.Socialstatus.C.Oxytocin.D.Placebo.9.WhatcanwelearnfromProfessorRyan'spreviousexperiment?A.Oxytocinimprovesourabilitiestounderstandpeople'sbehaviordifferences.B.Ourbodyproducesoxytocinwhenwefeelunhappyaboutothers’success.C.Ourbodyletsoutoxytocinwhenwearedeepinlove.D.Oxytocinaffectsourbehaviorinadifferentway.10.WhydidProfessorRyanconducttherecentexperiment?A.Totestpeople'sunderstandingofbodylanguage.B.Toknowpeople'sdifferentabilitiestoanswerquestions.C.Toknowthedifferencesbetweenfriendshipandcompetition.D.Totesttheeffectofoxytocinontheabilitytorecognizesocialinteractions.11.ThewriterdevelopsthetextbyA.describinghisownexperiencesB.explainingpeoplesbehaviorsC.discussingresearchexperimentsD.distinguishingsexualdifferencesDFewlawsaresoeffectivethatyoucanseeresultsjustdaysaftertheytakeeffect.Butintheninedayssincethefederalcigarettetax(香烟税)morethandoubled——to$1.01perpack—smokershavejammedtelephone“quitlines”acrossthecountryseekingtokickthehabit.Thisisnotasurprisetopublichealthsupporters.They'vestudiedtheeffectofstatetaxincreasesforyears,findingthatsmokers,especiallyteens,arepricesensitive(敏感).Norisitashocktotheindustry,whichfightseverytaxincrease.Theonlywonderisthatsomanystatesinsiston(坚持)closingtheirearstothemessage.Tobacco(烟草)taxesimprovepublichealth,theyraisemoneyandmostparticularly,theypreventpeoplefromtakingupthehabitasteens,whichiswhennearlyallsmokersareaddicted.Yettherateoftaxationvarieswidely.InManhattan,forexample,whichhasthehighesttaxinthenation,apackofMarlboroLightKingscost$10.06atonedrugstoreWednesday.InCharleston,S.C.,wherethe7-cent-a-packtaxisthelowestinthenation,thepricewas$4.78.Theinfluenceisobvious.InNewYork,highschoolsmokinghitanewlowinthelatestsurveys—13.8%,farbelowthenationalaverage.Bycomparison,26%ofhighschoolstudentssmokeinKentucky.Otherlow-taxstateshavesimilarlydepressingteen-smokingrecords.HalRogers,RepresentativefromKentucky,likethosewhoareagainsthightobaccotaxes,arguesthattheburden(负担)ofthetaxfallsonlow-income(低收入)Americans“whochoosetosmoke.”That'strue.Butthereismorereasoninkeepingfuturegenerationsoflow-incomeworkersfromgettinghooked(上瘾)inthefirstplace.Asfortoday'sadults,ifthenewtaxdrivesthemtoquit,theywillhavemoretospendontheirfamilies,cuttheirriskofcancerandheartdiseaseandfeelbetter.12.Thetextismainlyabout.A.thedifferencesintobaccotaxrateB.theeffectoftobaccotaxincreaseC.therateofteensmokingD.thepriceofcigarettes13.Whatdoesthewriterthinkisasurprise?A.Tobaccotaxesimprovepublichealth.B.Teensmokersarepricesensitive.C.、Tobaccoindustryfightsthetaxrise.D.Somestatesstillkeepthetobaccotaxlow.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Adultswilldependmoreontheirfamilies.B.Futuregenerationswillbehookedonsmoking.C.Thenewtaxwillbehelpfulinthelongrun.D.Low-incomeAmericansaremorelikelytofallill.第二部分知识运用(共三节，40分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenGlenKrugerpickedasmallcatfromananimalshelter,hedidnotexpectmuch.Yetrightfromthestart,eightyearsago,therewasanuncommonconnectionbetweenhimandthesmallblackcat.He15herInky.“Igrewuponahundred-acrefarmandhadonlycatsasplaymates,”Kruger,theseventy-year-oldman,says.“Myhearingwasdamagedbythe16offarmequipment(设备),soIlearnedtoconnectwith17.Theyreactto(作出反应)whattheyseeandwhatyoudo.”Inkywasagentlecat,18thehousewithfiveothercats.ButonaJanuarynightin2019,Inkydidsomethingthatwouldsetherapartfrom19catsforever.Krugerwentdowntothebasement(地下室)toshutoffthewoodstoveforthenight.ButtheheavyshelfcamecrashingdownandsentKrugerdownthestairs.20inapoolofbloodonthebasementfloor,Krugerfelthimselfgoingintoshock.Heshoutedforhelp,buthiswife,Brenda,wasasleepintheirbedroomattheoppositeendofthehouse.ThenKrugernoticedInkywatchingfromthetopofthestairs.“GogetBrenda,”KrugersaidtoInky.Inky21tothebedroomdoorandscratched(挠)22untilBrendaopenedit.ThenInkyledhertothe23.Brendafoundherhusbandatthebottomofthestairsandcalled911.Krugerwasrushedtothehospital.“Ispentsixmonths24there,”saysKruger.Sincetheaccident,InkyhasneverleftKruger'sside.15.A.taughtB.namedC.passedD.gave16.A.alarmB.soundC.voiceD.noise17A.friendsB.animalsC.neighborsD.farmers18.AprotectingB.searchingC.sharingD.building19.A.commonB.proudC.lovelyD.familiar20.A.StandingB.SleepingC.LyingD.Appearing21.A.ranB.returnedC.movedD.walked22.A.suddenlyB.angrilyC.curiouslyD.madly23.A.houseBbedroomC.basementD.yard24.A.recoveringB.studyingC:regrettingD.resting第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ASoonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewho25(trap)andtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors26homeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecity27train,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.BThe1980sand1990swerebadtimesfortheTibetanantelope.Thepopulation28(drop)bymorethan50percent.Inordertosavethisspeciesfromextinction,theChinesegovernmentplaceditundernationalprotection.Zhaxiandothervolunteerswatchedovertheantelopesdayandnight29(keep)themsafefromattacks.Bridgesandgateswereaddedtolettheantelopesmove30(easy)andkeepthemsafefromcarsandtrains.CSome31(hobby)becomeacrazeforatimeandthentheyareforgotten.Theyo-yocertainlydoesnotfitintothiscategory.Ithasbeenaroundforhundredsofyears.Goodplayerscanmaketheyo-yocontinuespinningforseveralminutes.AccordingtoDaveBerry,ChairmanoftheYo-YoClubofAustralia,thereareseveralreasonsfor32yo-yosarepopular.Theydonotneedalotofequipment,time,moneyorspace.Morethanthat,however,theyo-yoisverygoodfor33(relax)themindandbody.Thisexplains34theyo-yoispopularwithadultsaswellaschildren.第三节选词填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)根据句意，选择方框中的单词或短语，用其正确的形式填入下列句子的空白处，每个单词或短语只能使用一次。请将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。deliver,native,harmony,remind,establish,adaptto,attitude,preserve,entrance,inruins35.Elephantsneedlargelivingspaces,soit'sdifficultforthemtothechanges.36.Yearsoffightinghaveleftthearea37.Acommitteetoprotecttheenvironmentlastyear.38.Shespokenotonlyherlanguage,Swedish,butalsoEnglishandFrench.39.Dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttofoodandsupplies.40.Itisourdutytotheculturalheritage.41.Whatistheofthespeakertowardsforeignlanguagelearning?42.Canyoumetobuyabottleofwine?43.WemetaprofessionalarchaeologistatthetotheGreatPyramid.44.Onlywhenwelearntoexistinwithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第45、46题各2分,第47题3分,第48题5分,共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。WhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.Ifweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote—“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottle.Andthen,